Collective Intelligence Research Articles

Evaluating multimodal AI in medical diagnostics

This study evaluates multimodal AI models’ accuracy and responsiveness in answering NEJM Image Challenge questions, juxtaposed with human collective intelligence, underscoring AI’s potential and current limitations in clinical diagnostics. Anthropic’s Claude 3 family demonstrated the highest accuracy among the evaluated AI models, surpassing the average human accuracy, while collective human decision-making outperformed all AI models. GPT-4 Vision Preview exhibited selectivity, responding more to easier questions with smaller images and longer questions.

Reversal Learning in Ant Colonies

Reversal learning has been studied in many species, often as an indicator of their behavioral flexibility. Although this research typically focuses on individuals, groups of social animals, especially social insects, are often considered to have similar learning capabilities. Associative learning has been rarely studied in ant colonies and their behavioral flexibility is still to be assessed. In this study, ant colonies readily learned to discriminate between compound visuotactile cues and subsequently learned their reversal. Reversal performance was maintained after a 5-day retention interval, but not after a 10-day interval. Although this study does not differentiate learning processes at the individual vs. colony levels, it is the first demonstration of reversal learning conducted in ant colonies. These results show that the two-corridor maze can serve to assess colony-level learning in ants. This is a first step to investigate key mechanisms underlying collective learning and cognition in ants.

Reversal Learning in Ant Colonies

Reversal learning has been studied in many species, often as an indicator of their behavioral flexibility. Although this research typically focuses on individuals, groups of social animals, especially social insects, are often considered to have similar learning capabilities. Associative learning has been rarely studied in ant colonies and their behavioral flexibility is still to be assessed. In this study, ant colonies readily learned to discriminate between compound visuotactile cues and subsequently learned their reversal. Reversal performance was maintained after a 5-day retention interval, but not after a 10-day interval. Although this study does not differentiate learning processes at the individual vs. colony levels, it is the first demonstration of reversal learning conducted in ant colonies. These results show that the two-corridor maze can serve to assess colony-level learning in ants. This is a first step to investigate key mechanisms underlying collective learning and cognition in ants.

Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Ciracas Jakarta Timur

Teachers are a primary factor in determining the quality of education. The high qualifications, competence, and dedication of teachers will produce students who are academically, skillfully, emotionally, morally, and spiritually mature. PAI is a conscious and planned effort to prepare students to know, understand, appreciate, believe, be devout, and have noble morals in practicing Islamic religious teachings with the primary sources of Al-Qur’an and Hadith. Through KKG, teachers have the opportunity and potential to discuss solving problems in class.Transformational leadership is a way in which leaders strengthen attitudes of mutual cooperation and believe in collective self-improvement and team learning. The research aims to find out how transformational leadership is possessed by the PAI SD KKG at Ciracas district in East Jakarta. The qualitative research method used was observation, interviews, and documentation with five KKG members, namely deputy chairman, secretary, treasurer I, treasurer II, coordinator for creativity and arts as the primary informant and two members as supporting informants.The research concluded that transformational leadership in the PAI SD KKG at Ciracas district in East Jakarta is excellent because the members are very satisfied with the chairman's leadership.

Collective Intelligence in Organizations and Organizing

Collective Intelligence in Organizations and Organizing

Toward a theory of team resource mobilization: A systematic review and model of sustained agile team effectiveness

The notion of resources is central to many theories in HRM and applied psychology. Prominent resource-based theories in HRM tend to focus on issues related to accessing resources at the firm-level (e.g., resource-based view of the firm) or the employee-level (e.g., job demands - resources theory). However, at the team-level, the critical issue is often a matter of resource mobilization rather than resource access. Previous research has discovered that a team's ability to use resources effectively is indicative of collective intelligence. Instead of explaining this ability with a latent collective intelligence factor, we argue that teams can develop this ability by using agile work practices (AWPs). Through a systematic review of the agile team literature, we describe how agile teams mobilize resources embedded in the internal and external environment to achieve sustained team effectiveness. Generalizing beyond the agile team context, we propose a model that introduces team-internal and team-external resource mobilization as unique predictors of sustained team effectiveness. We further propose that resource mobilization is strengthened by challenge demands (e.g., work complexity) and weakened by hindrance demands (e.g., role conflict). We hope our model of sustained team effectiveness inspires future research into how teams can perform effectively across multiple episodes, without this going at the cost of members' health and well-being.

콘텐츠 액티비즘의 이론적 탐색

With the advent of the smartphone and Internet era, individuals who have become one-person media have become able to film their lives, tell stories, and produce content. In addition, personal media, channels, and platforms function as a place to produce social value through communicating with others through one's own content, solidarity, and sometimes cooperative practice. Meanwhile, the speed and distance-reducing technology of hyper-connectivity also creates another form of alienation by subordinating individuals to new ideologies of information surveillance, control, and algorithms. In order to escape from a life dependent on technology and actively and independently engage in cultural practice, meaningful communication with others must be realized through the production and distribution of cultural contents as a means of communication. According to Lee Ki-sang, cultural contents contain the ideology and values that allow humans, as cultural beings, to embody their own identity and express it to pursue their own style. In modern society, where media communication has become a daily routine, ‘I’ without self-expression through cultural content can be said to be an absent entity among people. Jandrić (P.) describes the collective intelligence required by the digital age as “I think. we learn We propose a new principle of thinking, “we-think, we learn, and we act.” Regarding the identity of modern people living in a post-pandemic world, Park Chi-wan argues for a ‘transition to global citizens.’ A global citizen refers to a person who breaks away from human-centered thinking and learns and practices how to coexist and live with other living things. In order to realize global public good, a ‘new form of knowledge’ must be created to solve global problems, and a new solidarity must be established in recognition of the right to data and life through connection and access, openness and disclosure, etc. through transnational cooperation. It can be said that the realization of true global citizenship is that no living being on Earth is excluded or discriminated against, and that people work together and make sacrifices for the common good. In this study, we seek to establish a theoretical foundation for the expressions and actions of cultural subjects who practice activism based on existing content activism research results. By exploring the representation of ethical issues and the value of nonviolent practice through Judith Butler's nonviolent discourse, we examine the value of humanistic imagination and solidarity that Contents Activists should pursue.

Towards Collaborative Edge Intelligence: Blockchain-Based Data Valuation and Scheduling for Improved Quality of Service

Collaborative edge intelligence, a distributed computing paradigm, refers to a system where multiple edge devices work together to process data and perform distributed machine learning (DML) tasks locally. Decentralized Internet of Things (IoT) devices share knowledge and resources to improve the quality of service (QoS) of the system with reduced reliance on centralized cloud infrastructure. However, the paradigm is vulnerable to free-riding attacks, where some devices benefit from the collective intelligence without contributing their fair share, potentially disincentivizing collaboration and undermining the system’s effectiveness. Moreover, data collected from heterogeneous IoT devices may contain biased information that decreases the prediction accuracy of DML models. To address these challenges, we propose a novel incentive mechanism that relies on time-dependent blockchain records and multi-access edge computing (MEC). We formulate the QoS problem as an unbounded multiple knapsack problem at the network edge. Furthermore, a decentralized valuation protocol is introduced atop blockchain to incentivize contributors and disincentivize free-riders. To improve model prediction accuracy within latency requirements, a data scheduling algorithm is given based on a curriculum learning framework. Based on our computer simulations using heterogeneous datasets, we identify two critical factors for enhancing the QoS in collaborative edge intelligence systems: (1) mitigating the impact of information loss and free-riders via decentralized data valuation and (2) optimizing the marginal utility of individual data samples by adaptive data scheduling.

Experimentation in Wicked Situations: How activists construct pragmatic action frames

Experimentation is key in wicked situations; it provides small wins while keeping several options open for the future. The literature is, however, scarce on how experimentation is framed, a crucial aspect to the understanding of how actors identify and pursue experiments in situations that are constantly changing and lack a clear resolution. We address this gap by drawing on the concept of ‘action frames’ and deploying a comparative case study of nine cases in diverse contexts in which activists experimented with wicked problems. We find that activists pragmatically shy away from pursuing a permanent solution to focus instead on achieving small wins, diagnosing ‘symptoms’ rather than ‘root causes’ of problems, and ‘working around’ institutional constraints instead of directly ‘confronting’ them. This pragmatic action frame prompts them to initiate pilot experiments that involve trial-and-error and collective learning, and that sometimes scaffold into cumulative small wins. Reflecting on our findings, we build a model of how pragmatic action frames fuel distributed possibilities to experiment in wicked situations. Our model contributes to the literature on wicked problems by revealing how activists ‘welcome’ complexity instead of ‘taming’ it. We contribute to the literature on action frames by demonstrating how multiple viable pragmatic action frames are constructed iteratively without threatening an alternative, dominant frame. Lastly, we contribute to the literature on robust action by demonstrating how pragmatic action frames pave the way for distributed experimentation and by unpacking the core attributes that make ‘robust actors’ accepting of open-ended wayfinding journeys.

Creating dialogues as a quiet revolution: exploring care with women in regenerative farming

AbstractAround the world, practitioners and academics are engaging in the rise of regenerative farming. On the margins of the predominant farming system, and often with little support and acknowledgement, regenerative farming is surprisingly persistent and represents a radical response to industrialization, ecological crises and alienation. This study uses feminist theories to grasp farmers’ regenerative experiences and explores how dialogical methodologies can create collective thinking among farmers and between academia and practice. The study is based on dialogues and iterative writing between three female researchers and two female regenerative farmers in Denmark in which we explore regenerative farming practices, female perspectives, feminist (more-than-human) care, and the sustainability crises we are facing today and in the future. The exchange of thoughts provides insights into what it is to be human in farming, including more-than-human relationships, as well as reflections on composting as a reproductive practice, and the (quiet) revolutionary potential of regenerative farming. Thus, we experience how creating collective thinking about common concerns across academia and practice can entail feelings of being part of a community as well as involve actual consequences and risks. Finally, it reminds us that sharing fragility by laying bare our work (and thoughts) as both researchers and practitioners allows for careful dialogues and valuable insights.

Professional learning communities and their impact on teacher performance: Empirical evidence from public primary schools in Guiyang

This study examines the relationship between professional learning communities (PLCs) and teacher performance, including 396 public primary school teachers from 18 schools in Guiyang, China. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis revealed that all five PLC dimensions (Shared values and vision, shared and supportive leadership, supportive conditions, collective learning and application, and shared personal practice) positively correlate with teacher performance. Interestingly, shared values and vision indirectly influenced performance by mediating the other four dimensions. These findings highlight the importance of well-designed PLCs for teacher development in China. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

A self-assessment maturity matrix to support large-scale change using collaborative networks in the New Zealand health system

BackgroundA maturity matrix can be a useful tool for organisations implementing large-system transformation (LST) initiatives in complex systems. Insights from implementation of a local LST initiative using collaborative networks, known as Alliances, highlighted a tool was needed to help health system leaders prompt discussions on how and where to focus their change efforts. In the New Zealand (NZ) health system, Alliances were introduced to integrate the planning and delivery of health care between primary and hospital care.MethodsThe aim of this research was to use insights from Alliance members to develop a learning tool that collaborative networks could use to assess and improve their readiness for change. We constructed a maturity matrix using the knowledge of senior NZ health system leaders, in a workshop setting. The maturity matrix was empirically tested and refined with three Alliances and with feedback from the NZ Ministry of Health Māori Health Strategy and Policy team.ResultsThe maturity matrix described the 10 key elements that had been found to support successful implementation of LST initiatives in the NZ health system, along with success indicators and different stages of maturity from beginning to excellence. Testing of the maturity matrix with three Alliances suggested that it functioned as a learning tool and stimulated collective thinking and reflection. The Māori Health Strategy and Policy team commented on the importance of such a tool to increase health system leaders’ responsiveness to improving Māori health outcomes. Comparisons with similar international matrices revealed common elements with ours. A strength of our maturity matrix is that it is specific to the NZ context and is the first practical tool to implement large-scale change in the health system that incorporates principles of the Government’s treaty with Māori, the indigenous people of NZ.ConclusionsThrough a regular self-assessment process, use of the maturity matrix may create feedback loops to support deliberate learning and knowledge sharing for senior health system leaders and collaborative networks. The maturity matrix fills an important gap in the NZ health system and contributes to implementation science literature internationally.OtherThis study was approved by the Victoria University of Wellington Human Ethics Committee (Ethics Approval Number 27,356). The research was supported by the Victoria University of Wellington research grant (222,809) and from the University of Auckland Department of Medicine research fund (H10779).

Harmony in virtual space: Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) development communication in creating digital literacy based on religious moderation Pusat Pengajian Komunikasi, Universiti Sains Malaysia

This article aims to analyze the role of the Medan City Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) in shaping harmony in digital literacy-based virtual communities. FKUB has a central role as an institution that ensures that the aspirations and interests of religious communities can be accommodated effectively. In addition to making real improvements, FKUB also initiated its moderating role through the digital realm. This research adopts a qualitative method using a phenomenological approach. Primary data was obtained through interactions with key informants, while secondary data sources involved articles, books, reportage related to the context of the research theme. Data collection was conducted through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman analysis model with the steps of data coding, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that FKUB initiated digital literacy-based religious moderation through two development communication models. The first model is a linear model where FKUB acts as a community educator. The second model is a participatory model that is usually uploaded on Instagram, FaceBook and Youtube social media. This model allows the community to comment and have two-way communication with the FKUB. Both models are oriented towards creating collective intelligence as an indicator of building virtual harmony. Through digital literacy-based development communication, FKUB can be a mediator in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s), namely: Peace, justice and strong institutions, as well as promoting equality and reducing inequality.

Intelligence Functions Of Communicative Dimensions In The SARS-COV2 Pandemic -Towards Collective Intelligence With Medint?

The aim of this study is to illustrate some of the strengths and weaknesses of three main communicative dimensions that have served intelligence functions in the interest of national security during the Sars-Cov2 pandemic crisis. The selected communicative dimensions relate to the American intelligence dissemination process, the Italian epidemic intelligence coordination and the public communication, within the specific framework of crisis state governance. The information was gathered mainly from OSINT sources, while ITS analysis followed both a deductive and an inductive approach. Highlights show that MEDINT could benefit from collective intelligence in the future. In the context of a global pandemic crisis, this raises two further key questions: Should intelligence include its own communicative dimension, in addition to information, within its boundaries of interest and surveillance? And, would it benefit from appropriate training and revision of the division between intelligence reporting and policy advice?The topic is relevant for monitoring the balance between the dimension of secrecy and the dimension of transparency, both of which concern the intelligence services, both in terms of national security and in terms of the participatory democratic state in which the intelligence services operate in Italy, starting from the Italian reform of Law 124/2007.

Mapping for connection, a life beyond mapping for control: lessons from ‘mapping-as-performance’ with Empatheatre in South Africa

This paper critically examines the intersections of Science, colonialism, and cartography in shaping perceptions of the ocean and its human-nature relationships. Drawing on Postcolonial Science and Technology Studies (PCSTS) and Decolonial Theory, it scrutinizes historical mapping practices, revealing how they perpetuated ontological hierarchies and controlled narratives of the ocean. Through archival research spanning from the Revolution to colonial exploration, the paper exposes how maps framed the ocean as a controllable entity, obscuring socio-cultural dimensions of biodiversity. Focusing on a case study in Northern Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, the authors explore an Empatheatre mapping process, that challenges Western ontologies and promotes counter-hegemonic cartographic practices. Situating this within critical cartography and PCSTS literature, the paper reveals how colonial projects molded perceptions of oceanic space and influenced environmental governance. In the South African context, the ocean is haunted by a violent history of racial exclusion and ecological exploitation. Initiatives like Operation Phakisa’s Blue Economy plan underscore the tension between economic growth and ecological sustainability, leading to rapid coastal developments. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) emerges as a tool to reconcile these interests, yet its implementation raises questions about inclusivity and community participation. Introducing the Empatheatre method, characterized by a ‘Call and Response’ approach, the paper invites local communities to co-create maps reflecting their concerns and relationships with the ocean. Through attentive listening and collaborative storytelling, Empatheatre challenges traditional consultation methods, prioritizing meaningful engagement and collective meaning-making. Mapping in this context is not merely a static representation but a dynamic process of collective thinking and relationality. By foregrounding the social, cultural, and ecological context, Empatheatre’s approach redefines the mapmaker-map relationship and empowers communities as active agents in shaping their narratives. The transformative potential of Empatheatre lies in its ability to shift power dynamics and foster empathy between diverse stakeholders. Through performative storytelling and visual representations, Empatheatre creates space for marginalized voices and alternative modes of knowledge transmission. In conclusion, this paper advocates for a decolonial approach to oceanic cartographies that acknowledges diverse ontologies and fosters inclusive governance structures.

Social anthropology 4.0

Abstract Human-computer interaction as a coordinating element between human and machine is used in many different ways. Due to their digital processes, countless industries are dependent on an effective intermeshing of humans and machines. This often involves preparatory work or sub-processes being carried out by machines, which humans initiate, take up, continue, finalise or check. Tasks are broken down into sub-steps and completed by humans or machines. Aggregated cooperation conceals the numerous challenges of hybrid cooperation in which communication and coordination must be mastered in favour of joint decision-making. However, research into human-computer interaction can also be thought of differently than a mere aggregation of humans and machines. We want to propose a nature-inspired possibility that has been successfully practising the complex challenges of joint decision-making as proof of successful communication and coordination for millions of years. Collective intelligence and the processes of self-organisation offer biomimetic concepts that can be used to rethink socio-technical systems as a symbiosis in the form of a human-computer organism. For example, the effects of self-organisation such as emergence could be used to exceed the result of an aggregation of humans and machines as a future social anthropology 4.0 many times over.

Collective intelligence facilitates emergent resource partitioning through frequency-dependent learning.

Deciding where to forage must not only account for variations in habitat quality but also where others might forage. Recent studies have suggested that when individuals remember recent foraging outcomes, negative frequency-dependent learning can allow them to avoid resources exploited by others (indirect competition). This process can drive the emergence of consistent differences in resource use (resource partitioning) at the population level. However, indirect cues of competition can be difficult for individuals to sense. Here, we propose that information pooling through collective decision-making-i.e. collective intelligence-can allow populations of group-living animals to more effectively partition resources relative to populations of solitary animals. We test this hypothesis by simulating (i) individuals preferring to forage where they were recently successful and (ii) cohesive groups that choose one resource using a majority rule. While solitary animals can partially avoid indirect competition through negative frequency-dependent learning, resource partitioning is more likely to emerge in populations of group-living animals. Populations of larger groups also better partition resources than populations of smaller groups, especially in environments with more choices. Our results give insight into the value of long- versus short-term memory, home range sizes and the evolution of specialization, optimal group sizes and territoriality. This article is part of the theme issue 'Connected interactions: enriching food web research by spatial and social interactions'.

Demand and supply shocks derived from COVID-19 on the freight transportation system in Mexico

PurposeThis paper's purpose is twofold. First, based on a case study, it aims to comprehend the consequences of COVID-19 on the demand and supply shocks of the freight transportation system in Mexico. Second, it seeks to provide an integrated perspective of four transportation modes, which would help prepare public policies for future global pandemics.Design/methodology/approachAnalyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the freight transportation system, which affects national and global economies, is essential to drawing valuable insights for the future. To facilitate international comparative analysis, conducting case studies at a country level was deemed necessary. As a result, a case study was conducted in Mexico using an integrated approach involving four transportation modes.FindingsTo manage disruptions in freight flow during uncertain conditions, a comprehensive perspective on the four modes of transportation and data-driven decision-making is crucial. Under this context, three initiatives can be identified: 1) establishing a National Center for Intelligence in Logistics to improve data-driven governance; 2) appointing the “Integrated Transportation Corridor Management Manager” (ITCMM) function to coordinate multiple authorities with different acting in critical freight transport corridors, and 3) creation of a digital tool based on millions of GPS data to monitor freight flows, allowing for collective intelligence among logistics actors.Research limitations/implicationsThis research's limitations are related to using non-standardized databases to gather information on four transportation modes. However, this limitation is also an interesting discovery. Mexico is becoming a strategic logistics hub between North America and Latin America, especially under the “Nearshoring” trend. Unfortunately, the lack of an integrated public policy in logistics and transportation reduces Mexico's capacity to deal with disruptions and its economic competitiveness.Practical implicationsThis research has identified practices that could be crucial in improving public policies to optimize shipping routes and reduce wait times while minimizing disruptions caused by unforeseen events. A concrete example is the digital platform called “eraclitux,” a computer tool similar to an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system companies use. This tool can enable a “Control Tower” that monitors freight flow in transportation corridors under the supervision of “Integrated Transportation Corridor Management Managers.” The tool can make reactive and predictive decisions that help to enhance the logistics value provided by transportation infrastructure.Social implicationsThe importance of a well-coordinated and integrated public policy for freight transportation was identified to ensure better performance during disruptions. Delays in the flow of goods can significantly impact the supply of essential items such as food and medicine, ultimately affecting the population's quality of life.Originality/valueNumerous studies have been conducted to determine the extent of vulnerability and the impact of COVID-19 on freight transportation. However, most of these studies assume a developed market context or a single-mode transportation approach, which only applies to some situations. To gain a comprehensive understanding of how pandemics-induced demand and supply shocks affected freight transportation in developing countries such as Mexico, this paper offers insights from a four-transportation mode perspective. Mexico is facing a challenging Nearshoring trend in manufacturing, making it a significant logistics node between North and South America.

Training pre-service teachers to deal with cyberbullying: Collective intelligence as a mode of learning

Collective intelligence is a theoretical construct that focuses on results stemming from a workgroup dealing with complex tasks. Our goal was to determine whether a group of pre-service teachers presented with a case of adolescent cyberbullying could improve their capacity for action. The experiment was carried out with 221 pre-service teachers at the University of Zaragoza, Spain, and using Collective Learning. The cyberbullying case we presented could be resolved via a series of questions in successive phases. Results showed an increase in learning throughout all phases, with a remarkable difference between the average score of the first phase and the last one. By the end of the experiment, the answers which had been most highly valued by the total set of participants turned out to be of considerable quality. We discuss the potential of collective intelligence as a tool for innovating and improving teaching-learning processes in university training.

Gambaran Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Di MTs N 1 Karanganyar

Individuals have important factors that influence them. Intelligence is the term referred to by scientists. Intelligence can be said to be an individual's ability, dexterity, shrewdness and ingenuity. Individuals compete to become intelligent humans, because only with intelligence can individuals become successful. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) or commonly called intellectual intelligence, is an individual's ability to think that is innate from birth which allows individuals to act in a certain way, as well as an ability that can be measured in a test. This research method is a correlational quantitative approach. The population of this research is all prospective students of class VII MTS N 1 Karanganyar, Gondangrejo for the 2025/2025 academic year in 7 rooms totaling 164 students. The research sample was prospective class VII students at MTs N 1 Karanganyar, totaling 110 students. The data collection method was carried out using psychological test tools, namely TIKI-M (Indonesian Collective Intelligence Test) and documentary. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis. Based on the results of data analysis and research discussion, it can be concluded that the mean level of intelligence quotient (IQ) of MTS N 1 Karanganyar prospective students for the 2024/2025 academic year is 107, which is included in the average category. Based on the frequency distribution of intellectual intelligence, it can be seen that the level of intellectual intelligence of MTS N 1 Karanganyar prospective students is 68.18% at the average level, 27.27% is at the above average level, and as much as 4.54% is at a superior level.