Collaborative Research Network Research Articles

Sketching the Landscape of Speech Perception Research (2000-2020): A Bibliometric Study.

Based on 6,407 speech perception research articles published between 2000 and 2020, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify leading countries, research institutes, researchers, research collaboration networks, high impact research articles, central research themes and trends in speech perception research. Analysis of highly cited articles and researchers indicated three foundational theoretical approaches to speech perception, that is the motor theory, the direct realism and the computational approach as well as four non-native speech perception models, that is the Speech Learning Model, the Perceptual Assimilation Model, the Native Language Magnet model, and the Second Language Linguistic Perception model. Citation networks, term frequency analysis and co-word networks revealed several central research topics: audio-visual speech perception, spoken word recognition, bilingual and infant/child speech perception and learning. Two directions for future research were also identified: (1) speech perception by clinical populations, such as hearing loss children with cochlear implants and speech perception across lifespan, including infants and aged population; (2) application of neurocognitive techniques in investigating activation of different brain regions during speech perception. Our bibliometric analysis can facilitate research advancements and future collaborations among linguists, psychologists and brain scientists by offering a bird view of this interdisciplinary field.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

45-LB: A Qualitative Study to Understand Why People Living with Obesity and General/Family Practitioners Experience Therapeutic Inertia in Obesity

Medical nutrition therapy and physical activity are often used exclusively for obesity treatment despite the availability of effective adjunctive interventions, including psychological intervention, pharmacological therapy, and bariatric surgery. We conducted a qualitative study through interviews with people living with obesity (PwO) and general/family practitioners (GP/FPs) to better understand the factors contributing to healthcare decision-making and therapeutic inertia in obesity management. Phone interviews were conducted by the same investigator using discussion guides informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) . Eligibility criteria for PwO included having a BMI over 30 kg/m2. A total of 20 PwO and 20 GP/FPs across Canada were interviewed with representation across gender and ethnicity. PwO also varied in obesity classification and experience with management strategies. GP/FPs varied in practice type, local community, and awareness of the 2020 Canadian Adult Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines. Themes related to therapeutic inertia mapped to all 14 TDF domains. Both PwO and GP/FPs often perceived obesity to be a secondary health priority that is associated with negative emotions, which had pervasive influence on obesity management. PwO were hesitant to explore new strategies due to financial barriers, access to support, and concerns of adverse side-effects, effectiveness, and sustainability of interventions that support eating and physical activity behavioral changes. GP/FPs were limited in time and resources, and were hesitant to recommend specific treatments due to concerns of risks, effectiveness, and accessibility. GP/FPs were also hesitant to make referrals due to skepticism of whether other healthcare providers can provide better care. Future research will validate these themes in a larger, national sample of PwO and GP/FPs to understand how individuals can overcome the therapeutic inertia. Disclosure D. C. Lau: Advisory Panel; Amgen Canada, Novartis Canada, Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Board Member; Canadian Association of Bariatric Physicians and Surgeons, Consultant; Pfizer Inc., Viatris Inc., Research Support; Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Speaker’s Bureau; AstraZeneca, Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Canadian Collaborative Research Network, CME at Sea, Eli Lilly and Company, HLS Therapeutics Inc., Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Obesity Canada. I. Patton: None. R. Lavji: Employee; Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Moderna, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Pfizer Inc. A. Belloum: None. G. Ng: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk Canada Inc. R. Modi: Advisory Panel; Bausch Health, Canada, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Other Relationship; Takeda Canada.

Network growth dynamics: The simultaneous interaction between network positions and research performance of collaborative organisations

The extant literature has long focused on the causality between the research performance of organisations and their network positions in an inter-organisational research collaboration network. However, we still do not know much about the simultaneous bidirectional relationship between network positions and research performance, or how this bidirectional relationship varies with the difference in the intrinsic cognitive characteristics of network nodes. This paper attempts to fill these research gaps, which helps to reveal the network growth dynamics of an inter-organisational research collaboration system by incorporating the concept of cognitive proximity into a systemic analytical framework where network positions and research performance are considered to be mutually correlated with each other. Based on the research sample of an inter-organisational research collaboration ego-network composed of research institutes subordinated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), firms, and universities, the simultaneous bidirectional relationship between network positions and research performance of CAS research institutes is examined by using a simultaneous equation approach, and the moderating effect of cognitive proximity between CAS research institutes and firms (or universities) is further tested. Our results confirm that the collaborative organisations’ network positions and their research performance mutually affect each other in a co-evolutionary process, providing continuous development momentum of an inter-organisational research collaboration system. The simultaneous bidirectional relationship is significantly enhanced by the cognitive proximity between collaborative organisations.

Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with short-term temperature variability from 2000–19: a three-stage modelling study

SummaryBackgroundIncreased mortality risk is associated with short-term temperature variability. However, to our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the temperature variability-related mortality burden worldwide. In this study, using data from the MCC Collaborative Research Network, we first explored the association between temperature variability and mortality across 43 countries or regions. Then, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the global burden of mortality associated with temperature variability, global gridded temperature data with a resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° were used to assess the temperature variability-related mortality burden at the global, regional, and national levels. Furthermore, temporal trends in temperature variability-related mortality burden were also explored from 2000–19.MethodsIn this modelling study, we applied a three-stage meta-analytical approach to assess the global temperature variability-related mortality burden at a spatial resolution of 0·5° × 0·5° from 2000–19. Temperature variability was calculated as the SD of the average of the same and previous days’ minimum and maximum temperatures. We first obtained location-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations based on a daily time series of 750 locations from the Multi-country Multi-city Collaborative Research Network. We subsequently constructed a multivariable meta-regression model with five predictors to estimate grid-specific temperature variability related-mortality associations across the globe. Finally, percentage excess in mortality and excess mortality rate were calculated to quantify the temperature variability-related mortality burden and to further explore its temporal trend over two decades.FindingsAn increasing trend in temperature variability was identified at the global level from 2000 to 2019. Globally, 1 753 392 deaths (95% CI 1 159 901–2 357 718) were associated with temperature variability per year, accounting for 3·4% (2·2–4·6) of all deaths. Most of Asia, Australia, and New Zealand were observed to have a higher percentage excess in mortality than the global mean. Globally, the percentage excess in mortality increased by about 4·6% (3·7–5·3) per decade. The largest increase occurred in Australia and New Zealand (7·3%, 95% CI 4·3–10·4), followed by Europe (4·4%, 2·2–5·6) and Africa (3·3, 1·9–4·6).InterpretationGlobally, a substantial mortality burden was associated with temperature variability, showing geographical heterogeneity and a slightly increasing temporal trend. Our findings could assist in raising public awareness and improving the understanding of the health impacts of temperature variability.FundingAustralian Research Council, Australian National Health & Medical Research Council.

Proposal for Life Course Intervention Researcher Core Competencies.

Proposal for Life Course Intervention Researcher Core Competencies.

Using Participation in Career and Technical Education as a Baseline for Access, Equity, and Inclusion for Students with Disabilities

Secondary career and technical education (CTE) provides high school students the opportunity to gain occupational skills for in-demand 21st century jobs linked to college and career readiness (CCR). All students, including those with a disability, can benefit from CTE. Secondary CTE is a predictor of positive post-school outcomes for students with disabilities (SWD; Mazzotti et al., 2021). This study explored the Perkins Collaborative Research Network (PCRN) data associated with secondary CTE and SWD participation from school years 2014–2015 to 2018– 2019 to establish a baseline in enrollment. The data provides a point of reference and trends to better understand serving SWD in CTE and sheds light on access, equity, and inclusion framed in policy and practice articulated by Harvey et al. (2020). The findings can also inform continued work associated with a CCR framework for SWD (Morningstar et al., 2017).

Linking interdisciplinary and multiscale approaches to improve healthspan—a new UK model for collaborative research networks in ageing biology and clinical translation

Improvements in health care, sanitation, diet, and education over the past century have markedly increased life expectancy, but this has not been paralleled by concomitant increases in healthy life expectancy. Increasing healthspan, which is the time spent free of major illness or disease, is therefore an important priority worldwide. The UK Government, for example, has pledged to increase the healthy life expectancy of the UK population by an extra 5 years by 2035 without increasing inequality.

Real-World Six- and Twelve-Month Drug Retention, Remission, and Response Rates of Secukinumab in 2,017 Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis in Thirteen European Countries.

There is a lack of real-life studies on interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibition in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We assessed real-life 6- and 12-month effectiveness (i.e., retention, remission, low disease activity [LDA], and response rates) of the IL-17 inhibitor secukinumab in PsA patients overall and across 1) number of prior biologic/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs), 2) years since diagnosis, and 3) European registries. Thirteen quality registries in rheumatology participating in the European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network provided longitudinal, observational data collected as part of routine care for secondary use. Data were pooled and analyzed with Kaplan-Meier plots, log rank tests, Cox regression, and multiple linear and logistic regression analyses. A total of 2,017 PsA patients started treatment with secukinumab between 2015 and 2018. Overall secukinumab retention rates were 86% and 76% after 6 and 12 months, respectively. Crude (LUNDEX adjusted) 6-month remission/LDA (LDA including remission) rates for the 28-joint Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis, the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C-reactive protein level, and the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) were 13%/46% (11%/39%), 36%/55% (30%/46%), and 13%/56% (11%/47%), and 12-month rates were 11%/46% (7%/31%), 39%/56% (26%/38%), and 16%/62% (10%/41%), respectively. Clinical Disease Activity Index remission/LDA rates were similar to the SDAI rates. Six-month American College of Rheumatology 20%/50%/70% improvement criteria responses were 34%/19%/11% (29%/16%/9%); 12-month rates were 37%/21%/11% (24%/14%/7%). Secukinumab effectiveness was significantly better for b/tsDMARD-naive patients, similar across time since diagnosis (<2/2-4/>4 years), and varied significantly across the European registries. In this large real-world study on secukinumab treatment in PsA, 6- and 12-month effectiveness was comparable to that in previous observational studies of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Retention, remission, LDA, and response rates were significantly better for b/tsDMARD-naive patients, were independent of time since diagnosis, and varied significantly across the European countries.

Congenital Hyperinsulinism International: A Community Focused on Improving the Lives of People Living With Congenital Hyperinsulinism.

Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) is a rare disease affecting newborns. HI causes severe hypoglycemia due to the overproduction of insulin. The signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in HI babies is often not discovered until brain damage has already occurred. Prolonged hypoglycemia from HI can even lead to death. Disease management is often complex with a high burden on caregivers. Treatment options are extremely limited and often require long hospital stays to devise. Cascading from suboptimal treatments and diagnostic practices are a host of other problems and challenges that many with HI and their families experience including continued fear of hypoglycemia and feeding problems. The aim of this paper is (1) to describe the current challenges of living with HI including diagnosis and disease management told from the perspective of people who live with the condition (2), to provide family stories of life with HI, and (3) to share how a rare disease patient organization, Congenital Hyperinsulinism International (CHI) is working to improve the lives of HI patients and their families. CHI is a United States based nonprofit organization with a global focus. The paper communicates the programs the patient advocacy organization has put into place to support HI families through its virtual and in-person gatherings. The organization also helps individuals access diagnostics, medical experts, and treatments. CHI also raises awareness of HI to improve patient outcomes with information about HI and prolonged hypoglycemia in twenty-three languages. CHI drives innovation for new and better treatments by funding research pilot grants, conducting research through the HI Global Registry, and providing patient experience expertise to researchers developing new treatments. The organization is also the sponsor of the CHI Collaborative Research Network which brings medical and scientific experts together for the development of a patient-focused prioritized research agenda.

JBI series paper 1: Introducing JBI and the JBI Model of EHBC

Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) is an international research organization and collaborative network hosted in the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences at the University Of Adelaide, South Australia. Now in its 25th year of activity, JBI is concerned with improving health outcomes in communities globally by promoting and supporting the use of the best available evidence to inform decision making in health policy and practice. The JBI Model of Evidence Based Healthcare, developed in the early 2000s, represents an articulation of the evidence ecosystem and the pragmatic approach required to navigate the complexity of health systems globally to improve health outcomes. The programs of JBI are aligned with the JBI Model and are representative of the supportive structures that facilitate the pragmatic realization of each of the elements of evidence based healthcare.

Scientific elites versus other scientists: who are better at taking advantage of the research collaboration network?

Scientific elites versus other scientists: who are better at taking advantage of the research collaboration network?

A Study of Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on COVID-19 Prediction, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Following the identification of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China in December 2019, AI researchers have teamed up with a health specialist to combat the virus. This study explores the medical and non-medical areas of COVID-19 that AI has impacted: the prevalence of the AI technologies adopted across all stages of the pandemic, the collaboration networks of global AI researchers, and the open issues. 21,219 papers from ACM Digital, Science Direct and Google Scholar were examined. Adherence to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework and utilizing the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) paradigm, guided the inclusion of researches in the review. Tables and graphs were utilized to display the results. Analysis revealed that AI has impacted 4 molecular, 4 clinical, and 7 societal areas of COVID-19. Deep Learning among other AI technologies was traced to all aspects of the pandemic. 2173 authors and co-authors were traced to these achievements, while 32 of the most connected 51 authors were affiliated with institutions in China, 18 to the United States, and 1 to Europe. The open issues identified had to do with the quality of datasets, AI model deployment, and privacy issues. This study demonstrates how AI may be utilized for COVID-19 diagnosis, prediction, medication and vaccine identification, prognosis, and contact person monitoring. This investigation began at the beginning of the epidemic and continued until the first batch of vaccinations received approval. The study provided collaboration opportunities for AI researchers and revealed open issues that will spike further research toward preparing the world for any future pandemic Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, COVID-19, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Contact Tracing

Proceedings of the 2021 GRAPPA-Collaborative Research Network (CRN) Meeting.

At the 2021 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)-Collaborative Research Network (CRN) annual meeting, the GRAPPA-CRN group presented a number of project updates, including a pilot investigator-initiated study to evaluate liquid and tissue biomarkers associated with axial involvement in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The GRAPPA-CRN session updated progress made with 3 parallel international research initiatives based on 3 previously defined unmet needs in PsA. The Health Initiatives in Psoriasis and PsOriatic arthritis ConsoRTium European States (HIPPOCRATES) is a European research consortium formed to address unmet clinical needs in PsA. The Preventing Arthritis in a multicenter Psoriasis At-Risk Population (PAMPA) is a US-based organization that has defined consensus terminology for preclinical phases of PsA and is interested in the transition process from psoriasis to PsA. An overview of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Diseases (AMP AIM) program 2.0, a consortium including GRAPPA-CRN members that addressed these 3 unmet needs in PsA, was also presented.

199 Diversity Among Research Coordinators in a Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Network

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our primary objective was to determine the demographic and linguistic characteristics of research coordinators (RCs) in a large pediatric emergency medicine research collaborative network. Our secondary objective was to determine if the RCs perceived any impact of those characteristics on their duties. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a 15-question electronic survey of RCs at the member institutions of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN). A total of 74 potential respondents were identified and received the survey. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Fifty-three surveys (71.6%) were completed. Most respondents identified as female; white; and not Hispanic or Latino. Fourteen respondents (26.4%) identified as underrepresented minorities in medicine (UIM), which is similar to the percentage of UIM among the general population (30%). Twenty-eight respondents (52%) felt that their race/ethnicity positively impacted recruitment efforts. Twenty-three respondents (43%) felt that their ability to speak a language other than English positively impacted recruitment efforts. Four female respondents felt that their gender hindered their recruitment activities and impacted their sense of belonging within the research team. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: RCs felt that their backgrounds and attributes positively impacted subject recruitment. However, some female coordinators felt negatively impacted by their gender. Increasing diversity amongst clinical research professionals and incorporating team cultural humility practices, may help increase diversity among clinical research subjects.

Publication trends of somatic mutation and recombination tests research: a bibliometric analysis (1984‒2020).

Human exposure to pollutants has been on the rise. Thus, researchers have been focused on understanding the effect of these compounds on human health, especially on the genetic information by using various tests, among them the somatic mutation and recombination tests (SMARTs). It is a sensitive and accurate method applicable to genotoxicity analysis. Here, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of SMART assays in genotoxicity studies was performed to assess publication trends of this field. Data were extracted from the Web of Science database and analyzed by the bibliometric tools HistCite, Biblioshiny (RStudio), VOSViewer, and CiteSpace. Results have shown an increase in the last 10 years in terms of publication. A total of 392 records were published in 96 sources mainly from Brazil, Spain, and Turkey. Research collaboration networks between countries and authors were performed. Based on document co-citation, five large research clusters were identified and analyzed. The youngest research frontier emphasized on nanoparticles. With this study, how research trends evolve over years was demonstrated. Thus, international collaboration could be enhanced, and a promising field could be developed.

Antithrombotic therapies for neurointerventional surgery: a 2021 French comprehensive national survey

BackgroundNeurointerventionists lack guidelines for the use of antithrombotic therapies in their clinical practice; consequently, there is likely to be significant heterogeneity in antithrombotic use between centers. Through a nationwide survey,...

Analysis of clinical research publication patterns to characterize the cooperation among China’s “double first-class” construction medical universities: based on social network analysis

BackgroundThe “Double First-Class” refers to world first-class university and first-class academic discipline construction proposed by China government. The “Double First-Class” construction medical universities have made many clinical research achievements, but the analysis and evaluation of research collaboration networks in the field of clinical research are still lacking.MethodsClinical research papers by 23 “Double First-Class” construction medical universities in China from 2000 to 2019 indexed in the databases of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science (WoS) databases were collected. Through the social network analysis (SNA) method and Ucinet software, the interuniversity research cooperation networks of domestic and international publications were comparatively analyzed at the overall, individual, and group levels in terms of number of publications, cooperation network matrix, centrality analysis, cohesive subgroup analysis, and core–periphery structure to understand the developmental status of the cooperative network of clinical research publications among China’s “Double First-Class” construction medical universities.ResultsThe cooperation among China’s “Double First-Class” construction universities showed certain regional distribution characteristics, and they showed closer cooperation in publishing papers in international journals than in domestic ones. The overall density of the domestic-journal research collaboration network of the universities was 0.4229, mainly centered on Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In contrast, the overall density of international-journal research collaboration network was 0.9052, mainly centered on Peking University, Central South University, and Zhengzhou University, with large differences in subgroup density and low integration.ConclusionsTo promote the development of clinical research, it is necessary to improve the construction of the interuniversity clinical research collaboration system, build a national clinical research network with a multilevel structure and sophisticated functions, and expand resource sharing as well as collaborative innovation capacity.

Characterization of Inhaled Nitric Oxide Use for Cardiac Indications in Pediatric Patients.

Characterize the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for pediatric cardiac patients and assess the relationship between patient characteristics before iNO initiation and outcomes following cardiac surgery. Observational cohort study. PICU and cardiac ICUs in seven Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network hospitals. Consecutive patients, less than 18 years old, mechanically ventilated before or within 24 hours of iNO initiation. iNO was started for a cardiac indication and excluded newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, meconium aspiration syndrome, and persistent pulmonary hypertension, or when iNO started at an outside institution. None. Four-hundred seven patients with iNO initiation based on cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac dysfunction patients were administered iNO for a median of 4 days (2-7 d). There was significant morbidity with 51 of 407 (13%) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 27 of 407 (7%) requiring renal replacement therapy after iNO initiation, and a 28-day mortality of 46 of 407 (11%). Of the 366 (90%) survivors, 64 of 366 patients (17%) had new morbidity as assessed by Functional Status Scale. Among the postoperative cardiac surgical group (n = 301), 37 of 301 (12%) had a superior cavopulmonary connection and nine of 301 (3%) had a Fontan procedure. Based on echocardiographic variables prior to iNO (n = 160) in the postoperative surgical group, right ventricle dysfunction was associated with 28-day and hospital mortalities (both, p < 0.001) and ventilator-free days (p = 0.003); tricuspid valve regurgitation was only associated with ventilator-free days (p < 0.001), whereas pulmonary hypertension was not associated with mortality or ventilator-free days. Pediatric patients in whom iNO was initiated for a cardiac indication had a high mortality rate and significant morbidity. Right ventricular dysfunction, but not the presence of pulmonary hypertension on echocardiogram, was associated with ventilator-free days and mortality.

Survey of blood centre readiness regarding removal of DEHP from blood bag sets: The BEST Collaborative Study.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) must be removed from blood bag sets in Europe by 27 May 2025. DEHP is known to interact with the red blood cell (RBC) membrane, resulting in reduced haemolysis and thus prolonging shelf-life. Current non-DEHP alternatives result in increased haemolysis requiring reconsideration of the RBC shelf-life. Although the immediate impact of eliminating DEHP is to the European community, the non-DEHP movement could affect blood bag set availability globally. The purpose of this survey is to understand blood centre readiness regarding the transition to non-DEHP blood collection and storage systems. A 24-question on-line survey was completed by members of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion Collaborative research network. Responses were obtained from 16 blood collection or processing institutions. A majority of respondents (12/16) indicated that both shelf-life and haemolysis were equally important in selecting non-DEHP blood bag sets. Six respondents would accept a lower RBC product shelf-life compared to current practice. Respondents were not clear on the best non-DEHP vinyl material or RBC storage solution. Three European blood centres indicated they have developed non-DEHP transition plans. One challenge identified regarding the transition to non-DEHP is the extensive validation testing that will be required. Blood centres in Europe are concerned with meeting the sunset date for DEHP, considering that limited non-DEHP blood bag and RBC storage solutions are currently available. Banning DEHP in Europe, which may have global ramifications, represents a major challenge not yet fully understood by the transfusion medicine community.