Collaborative Research Design Research Articles

Testing inter-observer error under a collaborative research framework for studying lithic shape variability

Evaluating error that arises through the aggregation of data recorded by multiple observers is a key consideration in many metric and geometric morphometric analyses of stone tool shape. One of the most common approaches involves the convergence of observers for repeat trails on the same set of artefacts: however, this is logistically and financially challenging when collaborating internationally and/or at a large scale. We present and evaluate a unique alternative for testing inter-observer error, involving the development of 3D printed copies of a lithic reference collection for distribution among observers. With the aim of reducing error, clear protocols were developed for photographing and measuring the replicas, and inter-observer variability was assessed on the replicas in comparison with a corresponding data set recorded by a single observer. Our results demonstrate that, when the photography procedure is standardized and dimensions are clearly defined, the resulting metric and geometric morphometric data are minimally affected by inter-observer error, supporting this method as an effective solution for assessing error under collaborative research frameworks. Collaboration is becoming increasingly important within archaeological and anthropological sciences in order to increase the accessibility of samples, encourage dual-project development between foreign and local researchers and reduce the carbon footprint of collection-based research. This study offers a promising validation of a collaborative research design whereby researchers remotely work together to produce comparable data capturing lithic shape variability.

Developing Intercultural Competence in a Complex Organizational Structure: A Case Study Within Quebec’s Workers’ Compensation Board

Background: Wanting to offer culturally sensitive services to a diverse population, rehabilitation counsellors employed by a workers’ compensation board (WCB) in a Canadian province asked the researchers to provide them with support to develop their intercultural competencies. A collaborative research design was suggested as a potential way to make full use of experiential knowledge. This article presents an action research approach in which study participants were also active in the development of new knowledge and sought to become key players in organizational change.Objective: The objective of this article is to present the steps involved in the co-construction of an intercultural communication support tool and to describe the mechanisms and structure put in place to develop the tool.Methodology: A working group (WG), a steering committee (SC) and a validation group (VG) were created, and each met on a regular basis over approximately 18 months. Several methodological approaches and data collection tools were used: participant observation charts, diaries, an “intercultural situation” workshops.Results: A total of 28 people participated in the project, in addition to the three researchers. The study showed the importance of integrating three dimensions—the individual, collective, and organizational—into the definition of intercultural competence. It soon became evident in our study that a self-reflection process grounded in a collective learning approach was the core component of the entire process of developing intercultural competencies. This finding went well beyond the production of any materials (practical guides, checklists, and supporting documents) that resulted from this process.

Innovative Design of Novel Main and Secondary Arch Collaborative Y-Shaped Arch Bridge and Research on Shear Lag Effect of Its Unconventional Thin-Walled Steel Box Arch Ribs

The first main and secondary collaborative Y-shaped steel box arch bridge under construction in China is a rarely seen innovative practice among bridges already built at home and abroad, which is an attractive engineering research topic in the field of advanced bridge design and construction, and the investigation of this bridge has made a groundbreaking contribution. The structure of unconventional thin-walled steel box arch ribs is very novel, abandoning the traditional two-dimensional arch rib structure form and adopting the new structural mode of single–double combination and joint working of main and secondary arches. However, for this innovative design, many technical difficulties including innovative design details, mechanical behavior of thin-walled structures and construction methods still need to be pioneeringly explored and thoroughly researched. In this paper, the innovative design concept of unconventional thin-walled arch ribs for spatial Y-shaped steel box arch bridges is described, and a comparative analysis with the corresponding conventional single arch rib structure is carried out. Due to the limitations of the common conventional arch bridge research methods, a combined global and local finite element method is used to analyze the static and dynamic properties of the structure, and the shear lag effect of the thin-walled steel box arch ribs is studied in a pioneering and exploratory approach. In addition, the stress distribution of the bifurcated section of the arch ribs and the configuration of the diaphragm are analyzed in detail to verify the reasonableness, advantage and applicability of the innovative design. The results show that the main and secondary arch collaboration Y-shaped steel box arch bridge has reasonable structure and superior mechanical properties and has a greater value for promotion The design concept and analysis method are worthy of use as a reference for the aesthetical and mechanical design of similar spatial Y-shaped arch bridges in the future.

Using a multidisciplinary, multi-method and collaborative research design to investigate the health communication power of the early childhood sector

This paper details the research design of a multidisciplinary, multi-method, collaborative research project investigating health communication from the experiences of the early childhood education (ECE) sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the rapidly evolving pandemic, the ECE sector was instantly tasked with expanding their required health practices to prevent the spread of infection. It was evident that the sector needed a system to communicate health advice in a timely, consistent and effective manner. Founded on a partnership model based on ‘knowledge brokering’ theory, this project demonstrates the value of a multidisciplinary research team collaborating with stakeholder organisations to investigate how COVID-19 health information traversed through complexities of organisational layers and diverse communities of families and staff. Detailing our data collection and analysis protocols, we conclude by outlining how our innovative research design is generating actionable and impactful recommendations for both the ECE and health sectors.

Using a quality first communication approach: Working systemically to support children with speech, language and communication needs in the youth justice system

Rationale:With knowledge of Special Educational Needs and Disability and systemic practice, Educational Psychologists (EPs) have a distinct role working in Youth Justice Services (YJS). The Taylor Review (2016) identified the need for a multi-agency approach, training and understanding of Speech, Language and Communication Needs (SLCN) in YJS.Aims:This practitioner research aims to increase staff confidence, knowledge and understanding of SLCN and develop a multi-disciplinary SLCN pathway to support assessment and intervention.Method:A four-phase collaborative action research design based on the RADIO framework used mixed methods, including SEND data analysis, informal interviews, pre- and post-questionnaires, observations, and a review of resources. Quantitative data from pre- and post-training measures and a six-month follow-up were compared. Informed by grounded theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1998), themes emerged from the qualitative data.Findings:Following training, staff reported changes in practice; 83 per cent of staff reported using the SLCN pathway to support casework and referrals. Five areas for development emerged: Staff roles and experience, knowledge of SLCN, specialist roles and responsibilities, understanding good SLCN practice and resources.Limitations:Findings reflect SLCN in this local context. The mixed methods approach compromised the reliability and validity of findings. The role and bias of the practitioner-researcher is noted. Future research should include children’s views.Conclusion:Working in multi-disciplinary YJS teams, EPs can support organizational change by developing staff knowledge, confidence and understanding of SLCN through training, consultation surgeries and the development of a SLCN pathway. A unique contribution of the project was the implementation of a Quality First Communication approach (QFC).

Playing ethnographically living well together: Collaborative ethnography as speculative experiment

How can we live well together? The question is critical for cities, where “wicked problems” like failing infrastructure, natural and industrial disaster, and epidemic disease pose threats to diverse forms of life. Because such problems are by definition world-shattering, it is notoriously difficult for city-dwellers to agree on how to think about them, much less overcome them. This essay sketches a collaborative ethnographic approach for co-conceptualizing wicked problems. Proyecto Buen Vivir (The Living Well Project) features a series of multisector experimental workshops conducted over four years in Ciudad Sandino, Nicaragua. This workshop model draws on collaborative research design and active learning strategies from both Nicaraguan and North American pedagogical traditions. Collaborative methods have historically identified and addressed the discrete problems. Given that common understanding can be rather more elusive when grappling with wicked problems, this essay argues for collaborative methods oriented to speculation and play might also be more generative.

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP REMAJA PUTERI TENTANG DETEKSI DINI KANKER PAYUDARA MELALUI SADARI (PERIKSA PAYUDARA SENDIRI) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS UJUNG KUBU KABUPATEN BATUBARA TAHUN 2022

One effort that can be done to control breast cancer is to carry out primary prevention such as controlling risk factors and increasing communication, information and education. Secondary prevention is carried out through early detection of breast cancer, namely breast self-examination (BSE). This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of young women about early detection of breast cancer through self-examination (breast self-examination) in the working area of ​​the Ujung Kubu Health Center, Batubara Regency in 2022. This study used a collaborative research design with a cross-sectional approach. With a total population of all young women in the Working Area of ​​the Ujung Kubu Health Center, Batubara Regency, namely 130 pure women with a sample of 58 using the simple random sampling method. Data collection in March-June 2022. This analysis was carried out to test the hypothesis using the Chi Square test at significant and if the p-value < 0.05. Based on the results of the study between knowledge and BSE actions, the Chi Square statistical test obtained a p value = 0.010 so that p <0.05. And the attitude with the BSE action that the Chi Square statistical test obtained a p value = 0.038 so that p <0.05 then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. There is a Relationship between Knowledge and Attitudes of Young Women About Early Detection of Breast Cancer Through Self-Examination (Breast Self-Examination) in the Working Area of ​​the Ujung Kubu Health Center, Batubara Regency in 2022. It is hoped that this can be one of the therapies given to young women to prevent breast cancer from being carried out as early as possible.
 

The challenges of implementing design research within SME based medical product development: Paxman scalp cooling case study

This case study examines a long-term study on patient experience to identify value generated through collaborative medical design research, in developing a scalp cooling device to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA)/hair-loss. Developing a new medical device is long and complex, requiring a cross-platform multi-disciplinary team. User feedback is essential to ensure continuous development to improve efficacy. Qualitative and quantitative data was gathered from chemotherapy patients using scalp cooling in 9 different countries. Analysis of patient experience captures the impact design research has had for scalp cooling patients globally and guides continuous development, placing the patient at the centre of the design method, driven primarily by the aim of maximizing treatment efficacy for all patients and promoting positive patient experiences. Overall, patient experience of scalp cooling using this device is highly positive and impacts significantly on five key areas of wellbeing. The outcomes will help develop an improved cap for global use.

'Fostering critical engagement rather than blind devotion': calling for transdisciplinary microbiology research.

'Fostering critical engagement rather than blind devotion': calling for transdisciplinary microbiology research.

Mini Texts: A Fusion of Grammar, Communication and Vocabulary Development in CLT (Communicative Language Teaching)

Rich and adequate input is the first and foremost condition for perfect language learning, other important things come later in order to achieve the goal of developing communicative competence in a language learning process in an EFL or ESL setting. In this context, Communicative Language Learning (CLT) is still the most prevalent approach of English language learning/teaching field both in ESL and EFL settings. In EFL settings CLT is adopted nowadays with some reservations. One solution to the drawbacks of CLT is "mini texts" in order to provide rich and adequate language input as they subsume grammar, communication, and most importantly, adequate vocabulary development. Objectives: The main objective is to critically assess the role of mini texts in order to provide rich and adequate language input for language learning. Method: Collaborative action research design was adopted to assess the outcome of teaching "mini texts" under improved communicative approach. Brief written and oral performance tests of class ten students were used as the tools of evaluation. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of thirty schools in three districts of the Kathmandu Valley whereas random sampling was used to select the respondent students of mixed ability for the written and oral performance test. The test items for the test were easy enough to be answered by average students of even lower classes. The test items were based on fixed criteria: different elements of grammatical competence to write and speak correctly, and also on some essential aspects of informal colloquial English used in fast spoken English. Pre-test and Post test were administered in order to compare the result of the traditional teaching with the outcome of the new method teaching with "mini texts" as the primary teaching material to provide optimal and quality language input to the students. Result: The over-all result of the test shows that the learning outcome, in general, is rather frustrating. Let alone government schools where most of the students belong to lower-class unprivileged families, even in private schools, or rather in so called A grade private schools, the condition of the English proficiency from the viewpoint of grammatical competence is rather frustrating. Surprisingly, not a single school could obtain even pass marks whereas same students secure good marks in their national level SEE exam.Conclusion: The current English teaching practice in Nepalese schools is deficient in (i) optimal quality language input, and (ii) suitable teaching methods to produce desirable outcome of English teaching for better learning outcome or better communicative proficiency. Mini texts have come out as an appropriate teaching material to be experimented on a large scale as they subsume essential, grammar points, essential vocabulary stock and also communication-oriented practice exercises.

“What's the Brief?”

“What's the Brief?”

A Theory of Change for Web-Based Therapy and Support Services for Children and Young People: Collaborative Qualitative Exploration.

BackgroundWeb-based counseling and support has become increasingly commonplace for children and young people (CYP). Currently, there is limited research that focuses on the mechanisms of change within complex telepsychology platforms, a factor that makes designing and implementing outcome measures challenging.ObjectiveThis project aims to articulate a theory of change (ToC) for Kooth, a web-based therapy and support platform for CYP.MethodsA collaborative qualitative research design involving professional staff, academic partners, and young people was used to develop the ToC. The following three major reflective phases were engaged: a scoping workshop involving professional staff and academic partners, a series of explorative projects were completed to inform the development of the ToC, and the draft ToC was reviewed for coherence by key stakeholders (young people, online professionals, and service managers).ResultsA collaboratively developed ToC was presented. This was divided into the conditions that lead to individuals wanting to access web-based therapy and support (eg, individuals wanting support there and then or quickly), the mode of service delivery (eg, skilled and experienced professionals able to build empathetic relationships with CYP), and the observed and reported changes that occur as a consequence of using the service (eg, individuals being better able to manage current and future situations).ConclusionsDeveloping the ToC helps to shed light on how web-based therapy and support services aid the mental health and well-being of CYP. Furthermore, it helps to understand the development of positive virtual ecosystems and can be used to devise evaluative tools for CYP telepsychology providers.

Social emotional model for coping with learning among adolescent secondary school students

Social emotions are frequently experienced in every individual in the daily life including adolescents’ secondary school students. The mult-social emotional changes such as aggressive and happiness among adolescents influences students coping with learning at school. The purpose of this study was to develop social emotional model for coping with learning among adolescent secondary school students. Specifically the study attempted to answer the extent social emotional model is effective in improving students coping with learning. The study adapted collaborative action research design in which a total of 244 adolescent secondary school students responded to questionnaires and focus group discussion. The effectiveness of the developed social emotional model for student coping with learning was reported by students through the questionnaires. It was found that the aspects incorporated in the model improved practices in learning outcomes to both teachers and students in coping with learning. It was found that, Teachers used guidance and counseling, action oriented activities such as role play, encouraging play and exploration as the strategies to foster active engagement among adolescent secondary school students towards learning adjustment. Furthermore, the study revealed positive significant because the data in the model summary shows that the value of r=.351 indicates that one item for adolescent secondary school students coping with learning increased for about 35.1% with 77.5% standard error of the estimated predictor value. Although this study was conducted in Tanzania employing moderate sample size from which the data was gathered with the help of collaboration action research design. The findings provide guidelines for further replicate research on social emotion behaviours and academic performance in education elsewhere.

Making sense of spirituality in our academic lives through co-mentoring

ABSTRACT In this paper, we utilize a blended conceptual framework based on spirituality, endarkened feminist epistemology, and feminist co-mentoring that draws upon dialogue from a Freirean perspective to inform our inquiry. In our analysis, we sought to respond to the question: How does spirituality inform the work we do as Black women faculty? We engaged in spirituality focused, co-mentoring dialogues and embraced a collaborative autoethnography research design that involved individual writing, dialogue, reflection, and sharing and meaning making. Through these processes we came to articulate our individual definitions of spirituality and made sense of how spirituality informs our way of being and knowing in the academy. We experienced spirituality as a means to heal self and others, and as a source of resistance and courage.

Developing Reflective Practices of Elementary School Teachers: A Collaborative Action Research Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of reflective practices of elementary school teachers through interactive workshops. This study used a collaborative action research design, and five-day interactive workshop sessions related to reflective practices conducted to introduce the participants to reflective practices. Most specifically, these workshops focused on building their cognition, affection, and behavior about reflective practices. The Purposive sampling technique was used to select 20 elementary school teachers with at least 1.5 years’ experience in elementary school. After the workshop, participants spend two months of reflective teaching practices. Then, interviews with the participants were conducted, and data were collected until saturation occurred. The analysis of the data revealed that the teachers developed positive beliefs and feelings towards reflective practices, but they lacked in some areas of practice because of the school environment. Implications of the findings are also discussed.

Drawing the room | Drawing within the room

This project report outlines ongoing collaborative design research that addresses aspects of architectural drawing, in particular scale and time. This project is discussed through the lens of the inhabitation of drawing: in both the making of, and encountering, drawing. ‘Drawing the Room | Drawing within the Room’ (2019) couples projective drawings with post factum documentation – or creative post-occupancy data – of built houses. Using motion capture technology, the movements of inhabitation are captured and translated to line work animations. The resulting drawings of inhabitation are projected full-scale, exhibited in the space of the architectural office, the site of conceiving and production of both drawings and architecture. Using the architectural office as the space of installation and exhibition presents a practice for acknowledging and engaging with these spaces of creativity, beyond casting the office as commercial space. The project explores contemporary performative drawing practices within architecture and considers the ways in which bodies and drawings interact. This work highlights the fundamental importance of lines within architecture, not as demarcation, divider or indexical references, but as temporal traces of bodily movement.

Supporting local adaptation through the co-production of climate information: An evaluation of collaborative research processes and outcomes

Water for the Seasons was a five-year collaborative research project which aimed to assess the climate resiliency of the Truckee-Carson River System, a snow-fed river system in the western United States. The collaborative research design featured iterative interactions involving an interdisciplinary research team and local stakeholders that produced climate science information identified by stakeholders as necessary to support adaptation to climate-induced water supply variability. This information included plausible climate scenarios to test the resiliency of the river system and models simulating hydrologic results to examine changes in water availability. In this paper, we present formative and summative evaluation data collected over the course of the project to determine the extent to which this collaborative research project met stakeholders’ climate science information needs. Results indicate that over a five-year period, the project: 1) co-produced new climate science information to support local climate adaptation; 2) consistently engaged stakeholders in research that facilitated social learning to identify innovative strategies to adapt water management; 3) provided iterative interactions between stakeholders and researchers to ensure resulting information services were useful to stakeholders; 4) combined diverse, practical stakeholder knowledge with rigorous scientific research to co-produce legitimate climate science information; and 5) effectively utilized Extension as a boundary organization to design, implement, and evaluate collaborative research processes and outcomes. Further empirical work is necessary to continue testing and standardizing metrics that illuminate collaborative research successes and failures, and to identify best practices that guide future collaborations to co-produce climate science information.

Students as partners in collaborative course design and educational research

The impact of collaborative course design is explored in this qualitative, longitudinal study of an upper-year course in which 30-40 undergraduate students co-designed the course syllabus, including both course content and assessments. In addition, the research questions and methods were co-designed by a research team involving six undergraduate student partners, an educational developer, and two faculty members. Student written work and focus-group transcripts were coded and analyzed using longitudinal interpretive phenomenological analysis. The two major themes emerging from this analysis were (a) growth (i.e., the development of academic skills, reflective practice, and personal growth that extended beyond the course), and (b) awareness (of students as a community of learners, of instructors as partners in learning, and of personal agency in learning). Personal reflections on the impact of this partnership revealed broad benefits to both students and academic staff.

Insights on Collaborative Design Research: A Scoping Review

This article proposes a deep dive into the definitions and distinctive features of collaborative design to encourage a more precise use of the expression among design researchers and practitioners. Using a scoping review process, the article uses 75 peer-reviewed publications to find answers that identify and categorize its most fundamental features. Detailed keyword searches led to the emergence of more than 40 distinctive features. We use the activity theory framework to support the analysis of such a large amount of information. After presenting in detail the main features of collaborative design, the discussion presents three contradictions that may have hindered our collective interpretation of that team dynamic, and isolated research results from impacting authentic work practices.

Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Sistem Informasi Akuntansi (SIA) pada Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) di Bandar Lampung

"BPS-Statistics Indonesia, 2017: 23" State: economic development in Indonesia Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are always described as a sector that has an important role. Described in Kompas.Com many Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are developing at this time, that there are still a lot of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) actors who do not realize the importance of neat financial records and bookkeeping, most of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) actors are still " blind "accounting. As a result, it is natural that many of them do not have a bookkeeping business that has the potential to grow. This type of research is quantitative with a collaborative research design. The population in this study are all small and medium businesses in Bandar Lampung, which have been recorded at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Lampung province, amounting to 278 SMEs. Respondents obtained and used in this study were 55 SMEs. Analysis of the data used in this study is the classic assumption test and multiple regression analysis using the simultaneous test (Fcount test) and persial test (t test).
 The results showed that the output results can be seen that the calculated F value of 5020, when compared with the value of the table f of 2.40, then F count> F table then the Cash Ratio, Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Return On Equity, and Net Profit Margin together with the accounting information system is accepted, H0 is rejected. T Test results show that Cash Ratio, Current Ratio, Return On Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin significantly influence the Accounting Information System (AIS), while Return On Assets do not significantly influence the Accounting Information System (SIA). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed the coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.705 or 70.50% which means that changes that occur in the accounting information system (SIA) (Y) can be explained by the variable Cash Ratio, Current Ratio, ROA, ROE, and NPM (X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5) of 70.50%, and the remaining 29.50% is explained by other variables not proposed in this study.