Collaborative Process Research Articles

Exploring alternative practice placement models in occupational therapy and physiotherapy: perspectives and experiences of learners and practice educators: a qualitative systematic review

AbstractWithin physiotherapy and occupational therapy practice placements, there is a predominance of the one-to-one supervision model which creates limitations for placement capacity expansion. Alternative placement models must be explored to meet training requirements for these professions and ensure the availability of a future workforce. The aim of this review is to explore the experiences and perceptions of practice educators and learners regarding alternative placement models, to inform future planning and the adoption of these opportunities. This qualitative systematic review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A comprehensive search was conducted across six databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, ERIC, PsycINFO), covering the period from January 2010 to December 2022. Meta-aggregation was used to synthesise the findings from the included studies. A total of 16 articles were included within this review. The learner voice was represented in 14 categories aggregated to five synthesised findings: professional growth and development, personal and psychological adaptation, alliances within collaborative learning, educational and learning process, and managing professional relationships. The practice educator voice was represented in 11 categories aggregated into four synthesised findings: providing the right support; professional identity; peer relationships and levels of satisfaction. This review highlights positive aspects associated with skill development, personal growth, and the formation of professional identity following alternative placement experiences. However, it also reveals concerns including uncertainty and anxiety related to role clarity, expectations, and the structure within these environments. This understanding of the perceptions and experiences of both learners and practice educators can inform the development of targeted support and guidance from universities, addressing these challenges and enhancing overall satisfaction. Further adoption of alternative placement models has the potential to expand practice placement capacity for learners offering a promising environment for healthcare education. These models provide learners with invaluable experiences and skills essential for their future careers.

Governing Inter‐Organizational Collaboration through Purpose Work and Purpose Borrowing: How Social Enterprises' Normative Aspirations Influence Business Partners' Practices

AbstractSocial enterprises may boost their impact by convincing collaborating businesses to contribute to their purposes. However, such enterprises typically lack the leverage to influence mainstream businesses. We investigate to what extent their abundant social resources might enable them to remedy this weakness to some extent. Taking a practice‐based perspective, we conduct an ethnographic case study of a social enterprise's collaborative relationships. We discover a collaboration process grounded in social purpose: If a social enterprise's underlying normative aspiration is to put ‘purpose before profit’ and it practices ‘purpose work’, its partners may conversely engage in ‘purpose borrowing’, which involves actions espousing the social enterprise's purpose even if they go against business common sense. We advance research on hybrid organizations by explaining how social enterprises can exert a significant degree of influence on their business partners thanks to their inherent social resources, which are more diverse and powerful than assumed so far. Furthermore, we contribute to inter‐organizational collaboration research by identifying a new mode of relational governance founded on social purpose that goes beyond the established modes based on legitimacy, trust, and reciprocity.

Addressing social norms for adolescent timing and spacing of pregnancy in low and middle-income countries: Developing a global research agenda.

Social norms shape adolescent sexual and reproductive health behaviours contributing to contraceptive and pregnancy outcomes. No global research agendas exist to guide research on adolescent social norms shifting in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We developed a social norms research agenda to improve adolescent healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy in LMICs. We adapted and applied the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method. A group of researchers guided the process, and consulted with diverse experts to develop a list of 21 research questions for global stakeholders to score via an online survey. Survey participants scored each research question according to four criteria (fills key gap, feasible, impactful, equitable). Research priority scores (RPS) and average expert agreement (AEA) statistics were calculated for each question and analysed overall and by stakeholder region and profession. We received 185 survey responses. Participants were, on average, 44 years old, 64% were women, 70% were from LMICs and 47% were implementers. The RPS ranged from 52 to 81% (74% median) and the AEA ranged from 49 to 70% (58% median). Nearly 70% of stakeholders gave the same score to each of the top five research questions. The top five research priorities focused on effective norm-shifting interventions (NSIs) strategies, processes and indicators to NSIs, and NSI adaptation and scale-up. Using a collaborative and rigorous process with diverse representation from LMICs and implementers, we reached consensus on five priority research questions to guide future adolescent social norms research to improve healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy in LMICs.

Leveraging ChatGPT for Second Language Writing Feedback and Assessment

This paper discusses the increasingly prominent role of ChatGPT in providing feedback and assessment for L2 writing in the digital age. It reviews representative studies that address five research strands about the use of ChatGPT in L2 writing contexts. After a critical evaluation of the existing literature, the author extensively explains four innovative sub-topics on leveraging ChatGPT for L2 writing feedback and assessment, drawing on multiple creative projects undertaken by her research team. These include: 1) ChatGPT-student collaboration in the L2 writing process; 2) ChatGPT-supported teacher feedback; 3) collaborative processing of ChatGPT feedback; and 4) the potential of ChatGPT for L2 writing assessment. This paper also addresses the importance of teacher training on the use of GenAI in language and writing instruction.

Perspective matters in recovery: the views of persons with severe mental illness, family and mental health professionals on collaboration during recovery, a qualitative study.

Recovery from severe mental illness, including psychosis has been described as a personal and unique process, but it rarely is a journey undertaken without profound influences of significant others (family, mental health professionals). Diverging perspectives between persons with severe mental illness, family and professionals are frequent during the recovery process, notably in psychotic disorders. We aimed to explore processes of collaboration during recovery, to inform recovery supporting practices. Current qualitative study had a participatory design and was set within long-term mental healthcare for severe mental illness. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with persons with severe mental illness (most had a history of psychosis), family and professionals on their mutual contact during recovery. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we developed themes representing processes of collaboration during recovery. We described roles persons with severe mental illness, family and professionals attribute to each other in mutually influential terms of unconditional and meaningful contact (which takes time to establish) and problem-oriented aspects. Secondly, experienced differences over problem definition, "needing help" and consequently over the role parties attribute to one another, may result in negative interactions, in the area of having expectations; (not) informing; (not) having agency to change; experiencing (dis)agreement or struggle. unconditional, meaningful contact and knowing each other's perspective are important to fruitful interaction in a triad when perspectives on mental health problems diverge. Relationally centered and process oriented care with continuity of family and professionals involved are needed to advance recovery in severe mental illness, especially psychosis.

True Crime Podcasting as Participatory Journalism: A Digital Ethnography of Collaborative Case Solving

True crime podcasts invite their listeners to crowdsource investigations online, solving cases that have fallen through the cracks of the criminal justice system. Through a cultural criminologist lens, this digital ethnography examines The Vanished podcast as a case study of how true crime listeners engage with solving cases in digital community spaces. Previous studies have dismissed true crime fans as pseudo police acting as digital vigilantes. Podcasting communities provide an important public service, working as participatory journalists to investigate the story and report the truth. Rather than depending on law enforcement permission to organize, online crime-investigation communities leverage the Internet’s function as an organizing agent for mobilization beyond the parameters of conventional social structures and formal government agencies. Findings reveal a six-step process of case collaboration between podcast producers, active listeners, and family and friends of missing persons. Other communities can apply this unique system to successfully investigate crime, suggesting implications for individuals within marginalized groups less likely to find justice through the formal legal system.

Recounting the untold stories of breast cancer patient experiences: lessons learned from a patient-public involvement and engagement storytelling event.

Breast cancer remains a prevalent disease in women worldwide. Though advancements in breast cancer care have improved patient survival, a breast cancer diagnosis, and subsequent interventions have a lasting impact on patients' lived experiences during the pandemic. We present the collaborative learning process from this patient engagement workshop series as a community-academic partnership. Narrative medicine tools were used to recount patients' lived experiences following diagnosis, where both patients and researchers shared their cancer research activities in each workshop, and the role of the multidisciplinary healthcare team was discussed. We used an iterative approach to cohort building, narrative development, and the use of multiple media formats to capture stories. Over 20 patients with breast cancer shared their stories for the first time since their diagnosis with a wider audience. Here, we present the learning process and considerations from this event. Understanding patients' lived experiences can support researchers and healthcare professionals in developing an empathetic approach to shared healthcare decision making. Moreover, understanding the lived experiences of patients is critical to addressing disparities in healthcare.

Evolving Methods and Application of a 3D Printed Model in the Current Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap Elevation.

The choice of the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap for breast reconstruction has increased. Three-dimensional (3D) models of DIEP flaps have been introduced with advances in 3D technology to assist the tedious intramuscular dissection of the pedicle. This study presents the process of creating an ideal 3D model for a DIEP flap. Collaboration among various professionals, including surgeons, radiologists, and 3D-printing model makers, is essential for manufacturing suitable 3D-printing DIEP models. Our team facilitated the collaboration process by sharing the virtual 3D model via a uniform resource locator (URL) using an online platform accessible on mobile devices. During collaboration in 3D DIEP model-making, we continuously upgraded the model to a better version. The model was modified according to the surgeon's preference from a 1:1 ratio size to a handheld size. Additionally, we achieved significant advancements over conventional methods, including improved visualization of detailed vessel pathways with separation of arteries and veins, tissue transparency, and superficial inferior epigastric vein (SIEV). Through 3D model-making collaborations, our team successfully developed a 3D DIEP model with translucency and visualized arteries and veins separately with accentuation of the perforators, including SIEV tracing, which is more accurate. This ideal 3D model for the DIEP flap enables the selection of a perforator vessel that is safe and easy to dissect to lower complications and procedure time and will be of great help to less experienced surgeons.

Implementation of Convergence (Cross-Sectoral) Action for the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Background: The global trend of stunting incidence has been declining from 2000 to 2022; however, the WHO still categorizes Indonesia as a country with a very high prevalence of stunting. A multisectoral and multi-stakeholder approach is one of the methods utilized in the National Action Plan for Accelerating Stunting Reduction. This study aims to analyze the implementation of convergence actions for accelerating stunting reduction in Palopo City. Methods: The study was conducted for 1 months in Palopo City. This study was a qualitative study with 14 informants from different regional government agencies (OPDs) involved in the Palopo City Stunting Reduction Task Force (TPPS). Data related to the implementation convergence action for Accelerating Stunting Reduction in Palopo City owere obtained through in-depth interviews. Qualitative data were processed by searching for keywords and then content analysis was conducted. Qualitative data analysis uses an inductive thinking process. Results: The study reveals that at the initial stage, each OPD recognizes the importance of cross-sectoral participation. However, challenges persist in the utilization of human resources and budgeting. The collaboration process requires improvements as planning, governance structure, and actor roles are not yet optimal, with some OPDs still lacking clarity on their roles. Leadership in Palopo City involves regulation and communication, yet some OPDs lack specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and regulations, though inter-agency communication is fairly effective. The outputs of stunting interventions focus on health, education, infrastructure, and social welfare, with some programs being directly integrated while others provide indirect support. Conclusion: The implementation of convergence actions for accelerating stunting reduction in Palopo City is not yet optimal, with primary challenges in the utilization of human resources and budgeting. The collaboration process, leadership, and program outputs still require improvement, particularly in planning, governance structure, and inter-agency communication.

Responsible Advanced Design: Achieving Sustainability through Collaborative Processes

In the current context, designers are faced with ongoing uncertainties and complexities, particularly at social and environmental levels. Amidst these evolving circumstances, design can act as a catalyst to steer innovation towards enhancing quality of life, positioning itself as a tool for the enhancement of the well-being of the environment, community and individuals.In such complex contexts, it is crucial to highlight the importance of design's ethical responsibility not only concerning its role within a project process, but also in preserving the ecosystem, its resources and its interactions.From this perspective, the approach of Responsible Advanced Design (RAD) emerges, a method based on actions, tools and RI-oriented strategies aiming to support the development of new design models focused on creating products and services that consider the impact of design decisions from the initial stages and taking into account the diversity of the actors involved.In this context, the need to reaffirm the principle of design responsibility is underscored and, associated with the principles of sustainability and various dimensions of responsibility, leads to the pursuit of “Design Endless Responsibility” in design processes and designer training.This analysis brings forth a conceptual model that merges the dimensions of environmental and social sustainability with the RAD approach, useful both for interpreting complex contexts with a more integrated vision that is attentive to various aspects of sustainability and as a tool to promote more effective actions attentive to tangible and intangible factors of sustainability throughout the project phase.This conceptual model finds its first application in the context of Italian entrepreneurial culture (Made in Italy) and is currently being tested in a nationally-funded research project.

Impact of trust-building strategies on investment decisions: Mediating role of the financial advisor-client relationship

Trust is a fundamental element in financial interactions, particularly in the advisory sector, influencing investment decisions and overall client satisfaction. This study aims to explore the impact of trust-building strategies on investment decisions through the financial advisor-client relationship. The research employs a structured questionnaire to gather data on trust-building strategies, the advisor-client relationship, and investment decisions. The study found that trust-building strategies, such as transparency and competence demonstration, positively influenced investor decisions. Specifically, 78% of investors reported increased confidence in their investment choices after engaging with advisors who prioritized transparency and expertise. Moreover, 85% of investors indicated a preference for advisors who demonstrated reliability and ethical conduct, leading to a stronger advisor-client relationship. The findings underscore the importance of trust in financial advisory services and suggest that enhancing trust through transparent practices can lead to more informed and collaborative decision-making processes. The study emphasizes the evolving nature of investment decision-making and proposes integrating technological innovations like AI and robo-advisors. The study provides valuable insights for financial institutions to invest in advisor training and guidance, benefiting all stakeholders involved.

Co-designing transport models as a heuristic planning tool.

Recently the transportation sector has witnessed several new technologically driven disruptions that have amplified the complexity of city planning and policymaking. Traditional well-established processes of decision-making in urban planning and transportation are proving insufficient to deal with this degree of complexity and uncertainty. This paper proposes an alternative approach, combining qualitative and normative urban design, with quantitative and predictive transport modelling. This requires urban designers and transport modellers to co-create goal-driven and agile transport models that act as a heuristic tool to guide planning decisions in early design stages. Heuristic modelling is informed by design optioning and vice versa in an iterative loop. A case study is presented to demonstrate how this approach is operationalized to study the impacts of automated vehicles on urban planning. Design workshops are used as a method to elicit responses from stakeholders, which are used to co-create the simulation models. This collaborative process grounds the research in real-world practice and enhances the communication of design proposals and research findings across disciplines. By integrating design thinking methods with agent-based transport simulations, this approach provides a better understanding of emergent effects in complex urban systems and improves stakeholder engagement in the planning process.This article is part of the theme issue 'Co-creating the future: participatory cities and digital governance'.

Supporting long-term condition management: a workflow framework for the co-development and operationalization of machine learning models using electronic health record data insights

The prevalence of long-term conditions such as cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and diabetes mellitus is rising. These conditions are leading sources of premature mortality, hospital admission, and healthcare expenditure. Machine learning approaches to improve the management of these conditions have been widely explored, with data-driven insights demonstrating the potential to support earlier diagnosis, triage, and treatment selection. The translation of this research into tools used in live clinical practice has however been limited, with many projects lacking clinical involvement and planning beyond the initial model development stage. To support the move toward a more coordinated and collaborative working process from concept to investigative use in a live clinical environment, we present a multistage workflow framework for the co-development and operationalization of machine learning models which use routine clinical data derived from electronic health records. The approach outlined in this framework has been informed by our multidisciplinary team’s experience of co-developing and operationalizing risk prediction models for COPD within NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview of this framework, alongside a description of the development and operationalization of two of these risk-prediction models as case studies of this approach.

Navigating the pathway from collaborative governance to impacts under uncertainty: A theory of change for watershed visions

Collaborative governance is considered effective in environmental problem solving. However, it is not always successful in delivering benefits. In Finland, collaborative ‘watershed visions’ are gaining popularity as a way to advance holistic water management. Watershed visions bring the public, private, and civil society actors across sectors together to agree on a desired future for a river basin and to plan steps for achieving it. The capability of watershed visions to lead to positive environmental impacts is, however, highly uncertain. We applied a Theory of Change approach to conceptualize an outcome-oriented impact pathway for the watershed visions to enhance the understanding of their possibilities to achieve their desired long-term impacts. Using empirical material, we structured a watershed vision process into an impact pathway of nine phases necessary for achieving the desired future. From each phase, we identified assumptions suggesting why and under what conditions the impact pathway successfully works, risks to its realization, and key uncertainties inherent to the risks. Focusing on the uncertainties, we developed a tool for ex-ante, interim, and ex-post evaluation of the watershed visions. We suggest that a longitudinal Theory of Change is a useful tool for addressing change and managing uncertainty in any collaborative process with long-term aims, and that applying this tool can increase the success of collaborative governance.

The essential factors in higher education – Industry collaboration when developing video-supported collaborative learning

The collaboration between higher education (HE) and education technology (EdTech) companies plays a vital role in developing digitallyembedded learning in the contemporary digital era. The partnership between HE and industry is widely recognized as a means to promote innovation. Moreover, it provides advantages to companies striving to fulfill client requirements. The HE-industry collaboration has garnered increasing attention in academic research. However, there is a lack of studies on the actors’ perspectives and on the required processes and other elements for conducting effective HE-EdTech collaboration in developing learning and teaching in HE. This study addresses this research gap by examining the interprofessional collaborative development process involved in the creation of video-supported collaborative learning. The qualitative research examines the factors of successful collaboration between HE and EdTech companies within the knowledge-building ecosystem framework, using ethnographic data. The findings indicate that the establishment of a knowledge-building ecosystem for the development of digitally-embedded learning in based on collaboration between key actors: teachers, teacher educators, EdTech companies, HE institutions, and students, the end-users and ultimate beneficiaries. The collaboration is manifested in open innovation, practice-based research, and research-based service development processes, and relies on goal setting, continuous dialogue, reflective assessment, commitment, and trust as key elements.

Evaluating the Impact of an AI Critical Friend on Student Research Proposals, Critical AI Literacy, and Transparent Collaborative Assessment Practices

This paper presents a work-in-progress report on an innovative approach to integrating generative AI capabilities into the assessment process, focusing on research proposal development. Specifically, the study explores the impact of incorporating an AI-powered "critical friend" that provides targeted feedback and guidance to students as they craft their research proposals. The aim is to evaluate how this AI-powered support system affects students' critical AI literacy, the quality and transparency of the collaborative assessment process, and, ultimately, the strength of the final research proposals. Through a mixed-methods approach combining surveys, focus groups, and analysis of student work and interactions with generative AI, the researchers seek to uncover key insights on the benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations of leveraging AI to enhance the research proposal development experience. The findings from this study will contribute to the growing body of literature on the role of AI in academic assessments and provide practical recommendations for educators and institutions looking to responsibly integrate these emerging technologies.

Fostering professional capacity for blended teaching and learning

Blended learning (BL) in higher education (HE) has for decades been considered a transformative way for universities to reach a wider range of students, increasing equity and availability to meaningful learning experiences. However, there is little in the BL literature around teaching academics and instructional designers’ experiences and perspectives on BL. This case study explores collaborative redesign through the reflections of a team comprising an academic Unit Chair, Learning Designer, and a Sessional Lecturer. It illustrates how a collaborative BL redesign process strengthened a unit that in 2022 had been deemed to be unsuccessful, and built educator capability through professional learning (PL). The result was a pedagogical and learning shift, which led to the unit’s successful delivery for online and on campus students in 2023. The findings have implications for BL and insight into collaborative design team experiences offering value to the academic community at large and foregrounding the value of pursuing a ‘ground-up’ collaborative BL redesign model.

Shared decision-making with patients with complex care needs: a scoping review

BackgroundA number of patients have complex care needs that arise from interactions among multiple factors, such as multimorbidity, mental health issues, and social vulnerability. These factors influence decisions about healthcare and health services. Shared decision-making (SDM), a collaborative process between patients and professionals, is known to improve the quality of the decision-making process. However, follow-up challenges of patients with complex care needs (PCCNs) can lead to SDM specificities.ObjectiveTo identify specificities of SDM with PCCNs.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. We conducted a systematic search across MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Academic Search Complete databases. Empirical studies about SDM with PCCNs published between 1997 and 2023 were eligible for inclusion. We conducted a mixed thematic analysis using deductive (Ottawa Decision Support Framework and Interprofessional Shared Decision-Making Model) and inductive approaches. Following Arksey & O’Malley’s and Levac et al.’s methodological recommendations, we consulted experts (researchers, healthcare professionals, and patient partners) to enhance the findings.ResultsTwelve studies were included in the review. Overall, our results demonstrated the importance of recognizing some specificities of SDM with PCCNs, such as the simultaneous presence of multiple decisions and the multidisciplinary and intersectoral nature of the healthcare and health services they receive.ConclusionThis scoping review highlights some specificities that must be considered in SDM with PCCNs to maintain its already-known benefits and ensure positive health and decision-making outcomes.

Narrative Coherence and Relational Agency: Unraveling Transitions Into and Out of Alberta Correctional Facilities for People Living With HIV.

Incarcerated populations in Canada face significant health and social challenges during transitions into and out of correctional facilities. These transitions around facilities pose disproportionate barriers to care for people living with HIV. Further research is crucial to comprehend these challenges and reimagine care concepts for people who experience structural marginalization. In this article, experiences of transitions into and out of Alberta correctional facilities for people living with HIV are explored using narrative inquiry. Conducted in a Western Canadian city from 2021 to 2022, the inquiry revolved around two men living with HIV and a history of incarceration. Through co-creating field texts and narrative accounts, their unique experiences of transitions were explored through a collaborative process of analysis. Narrative threads from Bruce and Kyle showcased a lack of narrative coherence and the presence of tensions in their lives, while also emphasizing relational agency. The findings provide avenues for health, social, and justice practitioners who support and care for individuals living with HIV and a history of incarceration to think differently about transitions. By highlighting the importance of attending to the unique identities of individuals and relationships from a position of relational agency, the study advances our understanding of transitions. Recommendations for practice and policy include (a) fostering relational agency among practitioners; (b) challenging conventional views of transitions around correctional settings; (c) incorporating peer-based programming into support services; and (d) reconsidering health, justice, and social systems to better support communities disproportionately affected by high rates of incarceration and HIV.

Tata Kelola (Collaborative Governance) dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Organik di Pusat Daur Ulang Jambangan Kota Surabaya

This study aims to analyze collaborative governance in organic waste management at the Recycling Center (PDU) Jambangan, Surabaya City. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews, direct observations in the field, and relevant documentation. The findings indicate that the collaboration process between the government, the community, and Regional Owned Enterprises (BUMD), specifically PDAM Kota Surabaya in their role as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) executors, has been effectively implemented despite facing several challenges. Using the collaborative governance framework proposed by Ansell and Gash, this study finds that the success of collaboration heavily relies on facilitative leadership that can build trust and commitment among stakeholders. This collaborative process includes regular face-to-face dialogues, trust-building through transparency and openness, strong commitment to the process, continuous enhancement of shared understanding, and interim results achieved as motivation to continue the cooperation. This study concludes that collaborative governance at PDU Jambangan has made a significant contribution in reducing the volume of organic waste and enhancing public awareness of the importance of effective waste management. This success is achieved through joint efforts between the government, the community, and PDAM Kota Surabaya in creating a sustainable and environmentally friendly waste management system