Collaborative Innovation Center Research Articles

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors with or without transarterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CHANCE2201): a target trial emulation study

The role of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unconfirmed. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with or without TACE as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included advanced HCC patients receiving either TACE with ICIs plus anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs (TACE-ICI-VEGF) or only ICIs plus anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs (ICI-VEGF) from January 2018 to December 2022. The study design followed the target trial emulation framework with stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) to minimize biases. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05332821. Among 1244 patients included in the analysis, 802 (64.5%) patients received TACE-ICI-VEGF treatment, and 442 (35.5%) patients received ICI-VEGF treatment. The median follow-up time was 21.1 months and 20.6 months, respectively. Post-application of sIPTW, baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups. TACE-ICI-VEGF group exhibited a significantly improved median OS (22.6 months [95% CI: 21.2-23.9] vs 15.9 months [14.9-17.8]; P<0.0001; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.63 [95% CI: 0.53-0.75]). Median PFS was also longer in TACE-ICI-VEGF group (9.9 months [9.1-10.6] vs 7.4 months [6.7-8.5]; P<0.0001; aHR 0.74 [0.65-0.85]) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. A higher ORR was observed in TACE-ICI-VEGF group, by either RECIST v1.1 or modified RECIST (41.2% vs 22.9%, P<0.0001; 47.3% vs 29.7%, P<0.0001). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 178 patients (22.2%) in TACE-ICI-VEGF group and 80 patients (18.1%) in ICI-VEGF group. This multicenter study supports the use of TACE combined with ICIs and anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs as first-line treatment for advanced HCC, demonstrating an acceptable safety profile. National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and Nanjing Life Health Science and Technology Project.

Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Pathway as a Potential Drug Target in Treating Aortic Diseases

Review Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Pathway as a Potential Drug Target in Treating Aortic Diseases Zijie Liu 1,2, Tianyu Song 3, and Liping Xie 1,2,3, * 1 Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China 2 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China 3 ‍Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China * Correspondence: lipingxie@njmu.edu.cn Received: 16 October 2023 Accepted: 20 November 2023 Published: 6 March 2024 Abstract: The transforming growth factor β (TGF-‍β) signaling pathway is crucial for preserving the structural homeostasis of the aorta and promoting aortic development. This pathway encompasses both SMAD-dependent canonical pathway and SMAD-independent non-canonical signaling pathway. Heritable thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissection are highly correlated with genetic alterations in TGF-‍β canonical signaling-related genes. However, depending on the stage of the disease, the TGF-‍β signaling pathway can have either inhibitory or aggravation effects, making its roles in aortic disease complex and occasionally contradictory. This review aims to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the TGF-‍β signaling pathway in the most common aortic diseases, namely acute aortic syndromes and aortic aneurysms, and to evaluate the potential clinical application of TGF-β-targeting therapies in aortic diseases.

First Report of Vacuiphoma oculihominis Causing Fruit Rot on Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis) in China.

Newhall navel orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] is an economically important agricultural product in China. In February 2022, a rare lesion symptom was observed on Newhall navel oranges that were harvested from an orchard Ganzhou city, Jiangxi province, China (25.53° N, 114.79° E) and stored for 90 days (18±2℃, 80 to 90% RH) at the Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Fruits and Vegetables (28.68° N, 115.85° E). Approximately 2% (15/750) of the oranges exhibited symptoms, with normal appearance but ink-black flesh and juice, yellowish lesions on edges of the symptoms, and no unusual odor. To isolate the pathogen, three 5 × 5 mm pieces of symptomatic tissue from a diseased orange were disinfected in 75% ethanol for 30 s, rinsed three times with sterile water, and inoculated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25±1℃ and a 12:12 h photoperiod for 7 days. A pure isolate named ND-hsp was obtained. The colony was light yellow center with pale edge on the top and brown on the bottom. Conidia and pycnidia were observed on PDA medium after 2 months. Conidia were long oval, no septa, 2.9 × 3.4 μm (n = 50), and pycnidia were solitary, 39.4 × 43.9 μm (n = 20), with one or no orifice, brown to dark brown. The morphological characteristics of ND-hsp strain on PDA, oatmeal agar and malt extract agar were similar to those of the Didymellaceae (Aveskamp et al. 2010). Ulteriorly, the genomic DNA of the ND-hsp isolate was extracted from its mycelia using a fungal genomic DNA extraction kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China) for subsequent phylogenetic analyses. Four primer sets, LR0R (Rehner and Samuels 1994) /LR7 (Vilgalys and Hester 1990), V9G (Hoog and Gerrits 1998) /ITS4 (White et al. 1990), Btub2Fd/Btub4Rd (Woudenberg et al. 2009) and RPB2-5F2 (Sung et al. 2007)/RPB2-7cR (Liu et al. 1999) were used to amplify the corresponding DNA fragments of large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU), internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), beta-tubulin gene (TUB2) and RNA polymerase Ⅱ second largest subunit (RPB2), respectively. The obtained sequences were assigned GenBank accession numbers and showed 99 to 100% identity with their counterparts of Vacuiphoma oculihominis UTHSC DI16-308. A phylogenetic tree was constructed in MEGA 7.0 using the concatenated sequences, placing the isolate within the V. oculihominis clade by 100% bootstrap support. Pathogenicity experiments were performed in triplicate. Ten Newhall navel oranges were surface sterilized with 75% ethanol and inoculated with 15μL of a spore suspension (2×106 spores/ml) into a 3 mm-diameter wound on the equator. The control group received sterile water instead of the spore suspension. Treated and control oranges were incubated at 25±1 ℃ and about 90% relative humidity for 20 days. All oranges were cut longitudinally or transversely through the inoculated wound and examined internally. The oranges inoculated with ND-hsp exhibited ink-black flesh and juice symptoms consistent with the initial oranges. The control oranges remained asymptomatic. Under the Koch's rule, V. oculihominis was reisolated from diseased oranges and kept in Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province. GenBank database analysis confirms that V. oculihominis has been found in human eye secretions and decayed trees. This is the first report of V. oculihominis as a pathogen on navel oranges in China. Our findings contribute to understanding of citrus fruit pathogens.

Suppression of Microtubule Acetylation Mediates Theanti-Leukemic Effect of CDK9 Inhibition

Suppression of Microtubule Acetylation Mediates the Anti-Leukemic Effect of CDK9 Inhibition Xi Xie1, BaoyuanZhang1, Ping Liu1, Ruibao Ren1,2 1. Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 2. International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is a crucial component of transcription and potential target for anti-cancer therapies, particularly for hematological malignancies. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of CDK9 inhibitors remain not fully understood. Here, we found that inhibiting CDK9 either pharmacologically or through gene downregulation, significantly reduced the levels of α-tubulin protein in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We further discovered that CDK9 inhibition led to increased susceptibility of α-tubulin to proteasomal degradation due to reduced acetylation at lysine 40 (K40), an important modification for microtubule stability. An acetylation-mimicking mutant of α-tubulin mitigated the anti-tumor effects of CDK9 inhibition. Mechanically, we identified that CDK9 inhibition downregulated the expression of ATAT1, the acetyltransferase responsible for α-tubulin acetylation, further compromising microtubule stability. Our study unravels a novel molecular mechanism by which CDK9 inhibition disrupts α-tubulin stability and provides valuable insights for exploring effective treatment regimens involving CDK9 inhibitors.

Performance Analysis of University Collaborative Innovation Center Based on BPNN-Dominated K-Means–Random Forest Unsupervised Factor Importance Analysis Model

The collaborative innovation plan for colleges and universities is one of the important plans for the construction of high-level universities in Jiangsu Province. A key aspect of this plan is the development of collaborative innovation centers in colleges and universities. Based on the second-phase construction of collaborative innovation centers in 76 colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province, this paper constructs performance evaluation indicators and proposes an unsupervised factor importance analysis model based on Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN)-dominated K-means and random forests. According to the analysis results, suggestions for further promoting the development of high-quality collaborative innovation centers in colleges and universities are provided.

Repurposing picropodophyllin as a potential thyroid eye disease treatment via delaying mitotic clonal expansion through a patient‐derived preclinical platform

Repurposing picropodophyllin as a potential thyroid eye disease treatment via delaying mitotic clonal expansion through a patient‐derived preclinical platform

How teacher-student closeness and conflict contributes to mathematical problem solving in Chinese adolescents: a multilevel moderated mediation model of self-efficacy and school climate.

The current study investigated how and when two different aspects of teacher-student relationship (TSR; closeness and conflict) influence students' mathematical problem solving ability. Participants were 9163 eighth-grade Chinese adolescents (53.5% male) nested in 908 schools, who took part in a standard mathematics assessment and survey using student questionnaires that were all developed by the Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality (CICA-BEQ) in China in 2015. The results indicated that (a) after controlling the factors of gender and SES, teacher-student closeness had a significant and positive effect on mathematical problem solving, while teacher-student conflict did not, (b) the mediating role of mathematical self-efficacy in the relationships of TSRs and mathematical problem solving was confirmed, and (c) school climate negatively moderated the indirect relationships between TSRs and mathematical problem solving.

First report of Fusarium tricinctum causing fruit rot on navel orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) in China.

Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck is popular with consumers for its delicious taste. In December 2020, a rot symptom causing about 15% losses of a total of 450 fruits was observed on 'Newhall' navel oranges after 70 d storage (20℃, 85%-90% RH) at Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables (28.68° N, 115.85° E). The fruits were harvested from an orchard in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China (25.53° N, 114.79° E). Incipiently, the pedicles of infected fruits were brown, the peels became softened and showed yellowish-brown lesions which, gradually expanded and had white hyphae (Fig. S1A). To isolate the pathogen, the surface of diseased fruits was disinfected with NaClO (2%) for 2 min and ethanol (75%) for 0.5 min, then washed with sterile water three times. Tissues (5 × 5 mm) around the lesion were incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 28 ± 1℃ (L: D=12: 12) for 5 days. Five cultures with similar morphology were obtained and colonies initially produced white aerial hyphae and became khaki then turned pink on PDA (Fig. S1F, G, H). Abundant microconidia, macroconidia and rare chlamydospores were observed after 10 days on PDA and no glucose PDA media (Zhang et al. 2020). Macroconidia were falciform and curved to lunate, 2-4 septa, 29.38 × 3.75 µm in size (n=50) (Fig. S1K, Fig. S3). Microconidia were oval, napiform or pyriform, 0-1 septa, 12.00 × 3.43 µm in size (n=50) (Fig. S1L1 to L4, Fig. S3). Chlamydospores were found in hyphae, ellipsoidal or orbicular (Fig. S1I-1 to I-2, J-1 to J-2). The morphological features of five isolates were similar to Fusarium (Leslie and Summerell 2006). Genomic DNA of five isolates was extracted with DNA Extraction Kit (Yeasen, Shanghai, China), ITS1/ITS4, EF1Ha/EF2Tb and fRPB2-5F/fRPB2-7cR primers were used to amplify the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), and the transcriptional elongation factor-1 alpha (TEF-1α), and RNA polymerase II (RPB2) gene sequences (White et al. 1990; Carbone and Kohn 1999; Liu et al. 1999). The ITS, TEF-1α and RPB2 sequences of five isolates were deposited in GenBank and showed 99-100% identity with corresponding sequences from F. tricinctum (Table S1). A phylogenetic tree was constructed with ITS-TEF-1α-RPB2 concatenated sequences in MEGA7.0 (Li et al. 2021) and all five isolates were placed in F. tricinctum clade with 100% bootstrap support (Fig. S2). To confirm pathogenicity, ten healthy C. sinensis fruits were surface-sterilized with 75% ethanol and inoculated with 10 µL spore suspension (1.0 × 106 spore/mL) including five wounded (with sterilized needle) and five unwounded (Fig. S1B to E). Control fruits were inoculated with 10 µL sterile water. All fruits were incubated at 28 ± 1℃, 90% RH for 7 days. The experiment was conducted three times. The lesion diameter of inoculated wounded fruits was 21.01 ± 2.52 mm and showed similar symptoms to original rotten fruits. However, the control and unwounded fruits remained healthy. To fulfill Koch's postulates, F. tricinctum was re-isolated from the inoculated fruits and deposited in Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province. To our knowledge, F. tricinctum has been reported on apple tree and kiwi plant in China (Zhang et al. 2021; Ma et al. 2022), but this is the first report of F. tricinctum causing fruit rot on navel orange in China. This finding provides important information for preventing postharvest disease of citrus.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric sepsis in PICUs of China: A national cross-sectional study.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric sepsis in PICUs of China: A national cross-sectional study.

Optimal path finding in 3D environment: Application for the exhibition space through 3D visualization and BIM

The application of 3D visualization technology in building construction has also increased. The study used Revit software to construct a 3D building information model (BIM) for the exhibition space of Chuzhou Higher Education City Development Collaborative Innovation Center to achieve a 3D visualization display; based on the 3D visualization, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to find the optimal path for the exhibition space, so as to achieve the layout design of the exhibition space. The PSO algorithm was optimized in terms of inertia weight, acceleration coefficient, and initial population to obtain the improved PSO (IPSO) algorithm. The experimental results showed that the optimal path found by the IPSO algorithm was 78.56 meters in distance, 98.2 seconds in time consumption, and 50.11% in smoothness, which were better than the other two algorithms. Meanwhile, the IPSO algorithm had a lower value of particle fitness function, indicating that the IPSO algorithm had the highest performance and the strongest path finding ability among the three algorithms. It is confirmed that it is feasible to use the IPSO algorithm for optimal visit path finding in 3D environment. It is effective to visualize the exhibition space in 3D by constructing a BIM.

D 6 h Symmetric Radical Donor–Acceptor Nanographene Modulated Interfacial Carrier Transfer for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

<i>D</i> ^{6 <i>h</i>} Symmetric Radical Donor–Acceptor Nanographene Modulated Interfacial Carrier Transfer for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Effects from hadronic structure of photon on and decays* *Supported in part by the Open Project of Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology (XTKF-2020-01), the National Science Foundation of China (11705159, 11975195), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province (ZR2019JQ04, ZR2022ZD26, ZR2020MA093) and the Project of Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program (2019KJJ007)

Using the perturbative QCD approach, we studied the effects of the hadronic structure of photons on the pure annihilation rediative decays and . These decays have small branching fractions due to the power suppression by , which makes them very sensitive to next-leading power corrections. The quark components and the related two-particle distribution amplitudes of a final state photon are introduced. The branching fractions can be enhanced remarkably by factorizable and nonfactorizable emission diagrams. The branching fraction of increases by approximately 40 times, and those of and are on the order of . We also note that the ratio of branching fractions of and is very sensitive to the effects of the hadronic structure of photons. All these results can be tested in future.

A Strong and Rigid Coordination Adaptable Network that Can Be Reprocessed and Recycled at Mild Conditions

A Strong and Rigid Coordination Adaptable Network that Can Be Reprocessed and Recycled at Mild Conditions

北京山区干旱胁迫下侧柏叶片水分吸收策略

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 北京山区干旱胁迫下侧柏叶片水分吸收策略 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202010072553 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41877152）；林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心（市级）项目（CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000099） Leaf water absorption of Platycladus orientalis under drought stress in Beijing Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: National Natural Science( 41877152)；Project of Collaborative Innovation Center (municipal level) for forest and Fruit Industry ecological Environment Function Improvement( CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000099) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:干旱与半干旱地区，水分是限制树木生长的重要影响因子。由于降水稀缺且分配不均，叶片吸收水分是此地区树木吸收和利用小量级降水和凝结水的主要方式。北京山区处于易旱少雨的生态脆弱地带，森林植被经常遭受干旱胁迫，所以对该地区的森林系统而言，叶片直接吸收利用截留的降雨是干旱时期树木获得水分的重要途径。基于野外对比控制试验和室内盆栽模拟试验，选取北京山区的主要造林树种侧柏为研究对象，进行利用天然降雨与模拟降雨试验，研究降雨前后侧柏叶片吸水特征，探究侧柏在干旱环境下如何通过叶片吸水缓解干旱胁迫。结果表明：当侧柏长期处于干旱胁迫状态时，叶片可以利用降雨，从中获益用来缓解树木的干旱胁迫状态；叶片的吸水能力与降雨强度呈正相关关系，与土壤含水率呈负相关关系；重度干旱下侧柏植株在降雨强度为15 mm/h时叶片吸水现象最明显，叶水势变化最大为（1.18±0.17） MPa，叶片含水率变化最大为（8.47±1.00） mg/cm2；当土壤水率高于20.8%时，基本不发生叶片吸水现象。试验结果说明在干旱地区叶片吸水是树木除根系吸水外的重要水分来源方式，并且对干旱地区有效利用短缺水资源，减轻植物水分亏缺具有重要意义。 Abstract:In arid and semi-arid areas, water is an important factor that restricts the growth of trees. Due to the scarcity and uneven distribution of precipitation, the leaf absorption of water is the main way for trees in this area to absorb and use small amounts of precipitation and condensate. The mountainous area of Beijing is located in an ecologically fragile zone prone to drought and less rain. Forest vegetation often suffers from drought stress. Therefore, for the forest system in this area, the direct absorption and use of intercepted rainfall by leaves is an important way for trees to obtain water during dry periods. Based on field comparative control experiments and indoor pot plant simulation experiments, Platycladus orientalis, the main afforestation tree species in Beijing mountainous areas, was selected as the research object. Natural rainfall and simulated rainfall experiments were carried out to study the water absorption characteristics of Platycladus orientalis leaf before and after rainfall, and explore how Platycladus orientalis under arid environment alleviate drought stress by absorbing water by leaves. The results show that when Platycladus orientalis is under drought stress for a long time, the leaves can use rainfall to alleviate the drought stress of trees; the water absorption capacity of leaves is positively correlated with rainfall intensity and negatively correlated with soil moisture content; Under severe drought, Platycladus orientalis plants have the most obvious water absorption phenomenon when the rainfall intensity is 15 mm/h. The maximum change in leaf water potential is (1.18±0.17) MPa, and the maximum change in leaf water content is (8.47±1.00) mg/cm2; When the soil moisture content is higher than 20.8%, there is basically no water absorption by the blades. The test results show that leaf water absorption in arid areas is an important source of water for trees in addition to root water absorption, and it is of great significance for effective use of scarce water resources in arid areas and alleviating plant water deficit. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Deciphering the pathogenic role of a variant with uncertain significance for short QT and Brugada syndromes using gene‐edited human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes and preclinical drug screening

Deciphering the pathogenic role of a variant with uncertain significance for short QT and Brugada syndromes using gene‐edited human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes and preclinical drug screening

Line positions, intensities, and Einstein A coefficients for 3–0 band of 12C16O: A spectroscopy learning method* *Project supported by the Open Research Fund of Computational Physics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin University (Grant No. YBXYJSWLZD- 2020-006), the Funds for Sichuan Distinguished Scientists of China (Grant Nos. 2019JDJQ0050 and 2019JDJQ0051), the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina (Grant Nos. 61722507 and

Based on the model- and data-driven strategy, a spectroscopy learning method that can extract the novel and hidden information from the line list databases has been applied to the R branch emission spectra of 3–0 band of the ground electronic state of 12C16O. The labeled line lists such as line intensities and Einstein A coefficients quoted in HITRAN2020 are collected to enhance the dataset. The quantified spectroscopy-learned spectroscopic constants is beneficial for improving the extrapolative accuracy beyond the measurements. Explicit comparisons are made for line positions, line intensities, Einstein A coefficients, which demonstrate that the model- and data-driven spectroscopy learning approach is a promising and an easy-to-implement strategy.

Stabilization of formamidinium lead iodide perovskite precursor solution for blade-coating efficient carbon electrode perovskite solar cells* *Project supported by the Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFB1506400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51922074, 51673138, 51820105003, and 22075194), the Tang Scholar, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and Collaborative

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) is a research hotspot in perovskite photovoltaics due to its broad light absorption and proper thermal stability. However, quite a few researches focused on the stability of the FAPbI3 perovskite precursor solutions. Besides, the most efficient FAPbI3 layers are prepared by the spin-coating method, which is limited to the size of the device. Herein, the stability of FAPbI3 perovskite solution with methylammonium chloride (MACl) or cesium chloride (CsCl) additive is studied for preparing perovskite film through an upscalable blade-coating method. Each additive works well for achieving a high-quality FAPbI3 film, resulting in efficient carbon electrode perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs) in the ambient condition. However, the perovskite solution with MACl additive shows poor aging stability that no α-FAPbI3 phase is observed when the solution is aged over one week. While the perovskite solution with CsCl additive shows promising aging stability that it still forms high-quality pure α-FAPbI3 perovskite film even the solution is aged over one month. During the solution aging process, the MACl could be decomposed into methylamine which will form some unfavored intermediated phase inducing δ-phase FAPbI3. Whereas, replacing MACl with CsCl could effectively solve this issue. Our founding shows that there is a great need to develop a non-MACl FAPbI3 perovskite precursor solution for cost-effective preparation of pero-SCs.

Electrochemical Aziridination of Tetrasubstituted Alkenes with Ammonia

Ammonia (NH3) is an ideal nitrogen source in terms of availability, reactivity, safety, atom economy, environmental compatibility, and ease of isolation. However, its utility for amine synthesis is...

Teacher-student relationship as a protective factor for socioeconomic status, students’ self-efficacy and achievement: a multilevel moderated mediation analysis

This study examined whether the teacher-student relationship (TSR) served as a protective factor for students from families of lower socioeconomic status (SES). It was based on data from a standard mathematics assessment and survey using student and teacher questionnaires that were developed by the Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality (CICA-BEQ) in China in 2016, which included 8707 fourth-grade Chinese students nested within 164 classes. We used multilevel structural equation models (MSEM) to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy in mathematics in the relationship between SES and mathematics achievement and the moderating role of TSR in the direct and indirect relationship between SES and mathematics achievement at both the student-level and the class-level. The results suggested that the effect of SES on mathematics achievement was mediated by academic self-efficacy in mathematics both at the student-level and the class-level. The results also demonstrated a significant interaction between TSR and SES for self-efficacy both at the student-level and the class-level. Additionally, statistics indicated that TSR moderated the indirect relationship between SES and achievement via academic self-efficacy in mathematics.

Soliton, breather, and rogue wave solutions for solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation using a deep learning method with physical constraints* *Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11675054), the Fund from Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Trustworthy Software for Internet of Things (Grant No. ZF1213), and the Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation is a classical integrable equation which contains plenty of significant properties and occurs in many physical areas. However, due to the difficulty of solving this equation, in particular in high dimensions, lots of methods are proposed to effectively obtain different kinds of solutions, such as neural networks among others. Recently, a method where some underlying physical laws are embeded into a conventional neural network is proposed to uncover the equation’s dynamical behaviors from spatiotemporal data directly. Compared with traditional neural networks, this method can obtain remarkably accurate solution with extraordinarily less data. Meanwhile, this method also provides a better physical explanation and generalization. In this paper, based on the above method, we present an improved deep learning method to recover the soliton solutions, breather solution, and rogue wave solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In particular, the dynamical behaviors and error analysis about the one-order and two-order rogue waves of nonlinear integrable equations are revealed by the deep neural network with physical constraints for the first time. Moreover, the effects of different numbers of initial points sampled, collocation points sampled, network layers, neurons per hidden layer on the one-order rogue wave dynamics of this equation have been considered with the help of the control variable way under the same initial and boundary conditions. Numerical experiments show that the dynamical behaviors of soliton solutions, breather solution, and rogue wave solutions of the integrable nonlinear Schrödinger equation can be well reconstructed by utilizing this physically-constrained deep learning method.