Collaborative Emergency Research Articles

Harmonization of Economics and Local Culture in the Frame of Suistainable Technological Innovation (Case Study of Ketoprak Atmodjo Budoyo in Kudur Village Pati Regency)

Indonesia is a superpower country in the field of culture (The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural-UNESCO). Culture can be way for the governments to improve the economy and reduce the gap in the industrial revolution 4.0. Undang-Undang nomor 5 tahun 2017 about promoting culture provides a platform for cultural development. In 2017 there were 141,732 people or equivalent with 11.38% belonging to the poor population, its means that there is 393,817 per capita per month in the poverty line in Pati. One of things that can help the economy is from the cultural sector, one of which is through the Ketoprak Cilik in Kudur village became the most influential Ketoprak Cilik in Pati, even this Ketoprak of Dalang Bowo Asmoro’s care had scented Pati district in an international art performance in Borobudur (www.kabarkotapati.com). This Kotoprak Cilik show still requires innovation related to industrial management, such as training and schedule management (Bowo Asmoro, 2019). Ketoprak Cilik consist of elementary and junior high school students. The training is held every Saturday and Monday at Kudur Village Hall. The Kudur Village office is equipped with a broad set of gamelan and stage areas that are useful for practicing Ketoprak Cilik performances. Ketopra Cilik as a Cultural is used to instill the spirit of love of local culture to the younger generation, this is a concrete step that encourages local people to jointly build the character of the young generation through culture. The results of the small ketoprak staging will be put into the village treasury to later help the community’s economy. With this can encourage the emergence of cultural economic collaboration in the village of Kudur-Pati. This study uses qualitative methods with interviews and references from various trusted sources. This paper examines more deeply how culture plays a role in improving the economy of the community and forming the character of Indonesia’s young generation.
 Keywords: Technology, Ketoprak Cilik, Economics

An optimization method for determining the emergency action by considering compatibilities and collaborative relationship

Purpose The aim of this paper is to propose an optimization method for determining the emergency action, in which the compatibility between emergency alternatives and the collaborative relationship between departments are considered. Design/methodology/approach The individual emergency cost and individual emergency effect of each emergency alternative are calculated. And the collaborative emergency cost and collaborative emergency effect associated with a pair of emergency alternatives are calculated. Then, a bi-objective programming model maximizing the total emergency effect and minimizing the total emergency cost is constructed. A novel nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NNSGA II) is designed to solve the constructed model, subsequently. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the use of the proposed method, and the performance of NNSGA II is evaluated through a simulation experiment. Findings This paper proposes an effective method to manage complex emergency events that requires the coordinations of multiple departments. Also, this paper provides a new algorithm to determine an appropriate emergency action that performs well in managing both the emergency cost and emergency effect. Originality/value The findings contribute to the current methods in the field of emergency management. The method is used for dealing with the individual information of emergency alternatives and the collaborative information associated with a pair of alternatives.

A Multi-person collaborative Simulation System for Subway Emergency Based on Virtual Reality

In the operation of urban rail stations, joint emergency drills for different types of work are an important way to ensure the safe operation of urban rail stations. However, due to the lack of equipment and means, at present, the joint emergency drills for urban rail stations are mostly a single-person system. Based on the current status of emergency joint drills in urban rail stations, this article proposes a virtual reality-based multi-person collaborative urban rail station emergency simulation system. Construct a large-scale virtual reality scene through the viewpoint-related LOD quadtree, and use socket technology to achieve multiplayer online interaction. Finally, all models are jointly driven by Unity3d in the simulation scene. An immersive, multi-industry coordinated urban rail station emergency drill simulation system was constructed. Providing a simulation training environment similar to the actual situation for emergency trains in urban rail stations can greatly improve the shortcomings of difficult and inefficient implementation of the organization, and change the difficult situation of insufficient emergency drills for multiple types of rail stations.

Concept for Virtual Safety Training System for Human-Robot Collaboration

The emergence of Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) creates the opportunity for operators and robots to work in a shared workspace. Adaptation of such a concept in the field of manufacturing industry aims to increase the flexibility of factory lines and optimize the efficiency of resources. However, employing industrial robots with high speed and enormous forces forms various strains. The major setback is the safety of operators, which demands detailed investigation. Additionally, companies have attempted to create solution-based products to enhance safety in a shared workspace. These solutions require maintaining known-how knowledge regarding usability. Formerly, operators accomplish training for educating themselves upon the assembly process. Training operators lead to diminishing the rate of injury and product cycle time, as well as raising performance and quality. The virtual environment provides a means for operators to experience immersive environments to perceive reality confrontation in a virtual world. Training in these environments empowers operators to recognize safety concerns and instructions. The objective of this study is to propose a concept of virtual safety training in Human-Robot Collaboration.

Principles of research ethics: A research primer for low- and middle-income countries.

Ethical oversight in the form of review boards and research ethics committees provide protection for research subjects as well as guidance for safe conduct of studies. As the number of collaborative emergency care research studies carried out in low- and middle-income countries increases, it is crucial to have a shared understanding of how ethics should inform choice of study topic, study design, methods of obtaining consent, data management, and access to treatment after closure of the study. This paper describes the basic principles of Western research ethics – respect for persons, beneficence, and justice - and how the principles may be contextualized in different settings, by researchers of various backgrounds with different funding streams. Examples of lapses in ethical practice of research are used to highlight best practices.

VOST: A case study in voluntary digital participation for collaborative emergency management

Virtual Operations Support Teams (VOSTs) are a novel form of organized intelligence-gathering effort that has recently appeared in the emergency management and disaster response domain. Using novel organizational strategies and advanced algorithmic tools, such teams are set up to master the challenge of data overload and to turn it into increased situational awareness for decision-makers. This paper contains an analysis of the structural, procedural and technical requirements of VOSTs for the collaborative deployment with emergency management agencies during the Grand Départ of the Tour de France 2017 in Düsseldorf. We had the unique opportunity to participate in the creation and initial deployments of a VOST, a new team assembled by the German Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW). Based on our observations we will provide a structured investigation into the various tasks of a VOST, such as social media monitoring, information verification, and crisis mapping. Due to the specific nature of the challenges faced by a VOST, which inherently involve big data processing, we will discuss the technical requirements and future prospects of data mining tools developed for and employed within this context.

A contextual explanation of regional governance in Europe: insights from inter-municipal cooperation

ABSTRACT Cooperation among fragmented local entities for service delivery is a common problem in Europe that has been understudied from both a theoretical and an empirical point of view. Drawing on the institutional collective action framework, this article advances and tests a contextual explanation of the emergence of interlocal collaborations by following a second-generation rational choice approach to the study of regional governance. Doing so, it systematically addresses: how context matters in specific choice situations; how the establishment of various governance structures with different characteristics depends on specific contextual factors that can simultaneously reduce transaction costs and risks for cooperative actors; and the practical policy implications of these choices.

Embeddedness in cross-agency collaboration and emergency management capability: Evidence from Shanghai's urban contingency plans

Governments are increasingly emphasizing emergency management in response to public emergencies that cause extensive consequences and involve multiple government agencies. One of the influential measures adopted by governments is the establishment of cross-agency networks. Scholars have validated the importance of cross-agency collaboration and networks, but only a few studies have examined cross-agency information sharing and utilization mechanism of joint emergency actions. Inspired by the theory of network embeddedness, we study the joint effects of informational and task attributes of embeddedness and absorptive capacity of the leading agency on collaborative emergency capacity. Our data consist of 110 local government contingency plans collected from F District in Shanghai, China. We found that a well-structured cross-agency network and a leading department with great information accessibility will significantly affect the efficiency of emergency collaborations. The capacity to absorb information significantly enhances the improvement of emergency collaboration.

Sustaining Rural Access to Emergency Care through Collaborative Emergency Centres in Nova Scotia

Collaborative Emergency Centres (CECs) were introduced in Nova Scotia in 2011 to address gaps in rural access to emergency care through enhanced primary care, urgent care, and interprofessional teams supported by remote physicians. In the wake of a historic election win by the New Democratic Party (NDP) in 2009, who promised to keep rural emergency departments open, a series of reports highlighted the troubles with small hospital emergency departments and suggested the development of CECs as a novel model of care. CECs aimed to improve access to emergency care in rural areas by matching the offered services to the needs of the community. The policy window for this reform was created through the convergence of a publicly recognized crisis in rural emergency department closures, a nationwide trend toward community-centred and interprofessional care models, and a historic NDP provincial government victory. Budgetary allocations and enabling legislation supported the development of the first set of four CECs for the province. Ministerial emergency department accountability reports and the Care Right Now report proclaimed the success of the CECs in reducing the number of hours of unplanned emergency department closures and in increasing rural communities' access to primary and emergency care. The CECs allowed Nova Scotia to provide access to around-the-clock emergency care at a greatly reduced cost, improved the work-life balance for rural physicians, and created a case for successful implementation of interprofessional teams in other environments. Les Centres d'urgence collaboratifs (CUC; en anglais les CECs) ont ete mis en place en Nouvelle- Ecosse en l'an 2011 afin de combler les lacunes en matiere d'acces aux soins d'urgence en milieu rural par le biais de soins primaires ameliores, de soins d'urgence, et d'equipes interprofessionnelles soutenues par des medecins a distance. A la suite d'une election historique remportee par le NPD en 2009, qui avait promis de garder ouverts les services d'urgence ruraux, une serie de rapports a souligne les defis de prestation de services d'urgence par des petits hopitaux, et a recommande le developpement des CUC comme modele de soins novateur. Les CUC avaient pour objectif d'ameliorer l'acces aux soins d'urgence dans les milieux ruraux en favorisant l'alignement entre les services offerts et les besoins de la communaute. L'occasion d'influencer cette politique a ete creee par la convergence d'une crise reconnue publiquement en ce qui concerne les fermetures de departements d'urgence en milieux ruraux avec une tendance nationale vers des modeles de soins interprofessionnels centres sur la communaute au moment d'une victoire historique du gouvernement provincial par le NPD. Les allocations budgetaires et un cadre legislatif favorable ont soutenu la creation du premier groupe de quatre CUC pour la province. Les rapport ministeriel de responsabilisation des departements d'urgence en Nouvelle-Ecosse, ainsi que le rapport Care Right Now, ont salue le succes des CUC dans la reduction du nombre d'heures de fermeture imprevues de departements d'urgence et dans l'amelioration de l'acces des communautes rurales aux soins primaires et d'urgence. Les CUC ont permis a la Nouvelle-Ecosse de donner acces aux soins d'urgence sans interruption a un cout considerablement reduit, et d'ameliorer la conciliation travail-vie personnelle pour les medecins dans les regions rurales, creant un cas de reussite pour les equipes interprofessionnelles dans d'autres environnements.

Decision making application in collaborative emergency response: A new PROMETHEE preference function

Emergencies or disasters encourage various agencies in a country to cooperate and collaborate to minimize the level of casualties. Hence, the desired overall system performance is influenced not only by the efficiency of each system but also by the synergy between the independent systems, which is critical for emergency response management. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach to evaluate emergency response systems by taking into account the interactions synergy. The study is planned in two major phases, the first uses PROMETHEE method to evaluate emergency response systems. So a new type of preference function is proposed, which is able to overcome the main shortcomings of other preference functions. It helps to extend the range of choices for experts and decision makers. The simplicity and easiness of application are a big bonus of the proposed function. The second phase employs a pairwise comparison of synergy criteria to assess the ratings of systems in coordination and collaboration with each other during the emergency response. Incorporating synergy with MCDM makes more realistic results which helps policy makers to improve the performance of emergency response management. The proposed model is proofed in a real-world case of Lebanon for efficiency and applicability, while the reliability of the proposed function also is investigated through sensitivity analysis.

Emergency department visits in older patients: a population-based survey

BackgroundGiven the higher incidence of emergency conditions in older inhabitants, the global increase in aged population will pose a challenge for emergency services. In this study we examined the burden caused to emergency health care by the aged population.MethodsConsecutive patients aged 80 years or over visiting a high-volume, collaborative emergency department (ED) between 2015 and 2016 were included. The key factors under analysis were the incidence of emergency conditions and costs associated with emergency care.ResultsA total of 6944 patients (median age 85 years, range 80–104 years; 67% female) aged ≥80 years representing 1.5% of the local population, made 17,769 ED visits during the two-year observation period accounting for 15% of all ED visits. Forty-two percent (n = 2884) of patients had a single ED visit, whereas 8.2% (n = 570) made ≥5 ED visits/year for a total of 1400 visits (7.9%). Thirty-two percent of those aged ≥80 years required ED services each year. The number of ED visits increased with age (p < 0.001); and was 768/1000 person-years among octogenarians and 1007/1000 among nonagenarians, in comparison to 233/1000 among those aged < 80 years. One in five of the study population were discharged with non-specific diagnoses. Typical diagnoses included pneumonia (4.8%), malaise and fatigue (4.5%) and heart failure (4.3%). Non-specific diagnoses were frequent, and examination of patients with non-specific diagnoses incurred costs similar to or higher than those of other patients. The mean cost per ED visit in older patients was 422 €.ConclusionsWe demonstrated a high incidence of emergency department visits in older patients. While our aim was not to solve how the growing demand should be met, it seems unlikely that increasing ED resources is feasible. Instead, the focus should be on chronic care of the aged and prevention of potentially avoidable ED visits.

Collaborative emergency preparedness and response to cross-institutional outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms: a scenario-based approach in two regions of the Netherlands

BackgroundThe likelihood of large-scale outbreaks of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is growing. MDRO outbreaks can affect a wide range of healthcare institutions. Control of such outbreaks requires structured collaboration between professionals from all involved healthcare institutions, but guidelines for cross-institutional procedures are, however, often missing. Literature indicates that such multi-actor collaboration is most promising when effective network brokers are present, and when the collaborative actors have clarity about the different roles and responsibilities in the outbreak response network, including collaborative structures and coordination roles. Studying these factors in an imaginary MDRO outbreak scenario, we gained insights into the expectations that health professionals in the Netherlands have in regard to the procedures required to best respond to any future cross-institutional MDRO outbreaks.MethodsFor exploration purpose, a focus group discussion with ten healthcare professionals was held. Subsequently, an online-survey was conducted among 56 healthcare professionals in two Dutch regions. The survey data was analysed using social network analyses (clique analysis and centrality analysis), which provided insights into the collaborative structures and potential brokers in the outbreak response networks. Additionally, respondents were asked which healthcare institutions and which professions they would prefer as coordinating actors in the collaborative network.ResultsOur results show a relatively high level of perceived clarity about the roles and responsibilities that healthcare professionals have during a joint outbreak response. The regional outbreak response networks which were studied appeared inclusive and integrated, with many overlapping groups of fully-connected healthcare actors. Social network analyses resulted in the identification of several central actors from different healthcare institutions with the potential to take on a brokerage role in the collaboration. Actors in the outbreak response networks also showed to prefer several healthcare professionals to take on the coordination roles.ConclusionExpected collaborative structures during an imaginary regional MDRO outbreak response are relatively dense and integrated. In regard to the coordination of an MDRO outbreak response, based on both the network analysis results and the preferred coordination roles, our findings support a governance structure with several healthcare institutions involved in responding to future cross-institutional MDRO outbreaks.

Task Balancing Between Human and Robot in Mid-Heavy Assembly Tasks

In the manufacturing industry, industrial robots are employed to fulfill the repetitive, well defined and accurate tasks. Regarding the limitation of the robots to perform complex tasks, human intelligence and dexterity are needed to improve the flexibility of the system. The idea of combining the robot repeatability and accuracy with human skill has led to the emergence of Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) concept. The paper aims to demonstrate that a human-robot workcell may have a capability to increase productivity compared to manual workstations. In this work, we designed and experimented HRC in an assembly of diesel engine components. This paper aims to propose a method for HRC task allocation.

Resource Allocation Optimization of UAVs-Enabled Air-Ground Collaborative Emergency Network in Disaster Area

Resource Allocation Optimization of UAVs-Enabled Air-Ground Collaborative Emergency Network in Disaster Area

Research on Key Technologies of Regional Synergy Emergency System Based on Medical Data Center

Emergency medical care is one of the core tasks of modern medical systems, including treatment and rescue, medical referral, and intensive care. Regional medical collaboration is an effective way to solve the exchange and sharing of medical resources among medical institutions. It is of great significance to optimize the allocation of medical and health resources, reduce the cost of collaboration, and promote a new model of regional medical collaborative services. This thesis deeply studies the regional collaborative emergency system based on medical data center, which mainly includes three subsystems: Intelligent Regional Collaborative Rescue Center (IRCTC), Intelligent Regional Collaborative Interaction Center (IRCIS) and Intelligent Regional Collaborative Emergency System (IRCES). Through IRCTC and IRCIS, the emergency centers of each emergency center were broken and medical resources such as core hospitals, regional hospitals and community health service centers in the region were integrated to establish IRCES. By realizing the sharing and interaction of medical resources in the region, the regional collaborative treatment process is networked and intelligent, providing a rapid treatment channel for patients with acute and severe diseases.

Creating value through data collaboratives

Driven by the technological capabilities that ICTs offer, data enable new ways to generate value for both society and the parties that own or offer the data. This article looks at the idea of data collaboratives as a form of cross-sector partnership to exchange and integrate data and data use to generate public value. The concept thereby bridges data-driven value creation and collaboration, both current themes in the field. To understand how data collaboratives can add value in a public governance context, we exploratively studied the qualitative longitudinal case of an infomobility platform. We investigated the ability of a data collaborative to produce results while facing significant challenges and tensions between the goals of parties, each having the conflicting objectives of simultaneously retaining control whilst allowing for generativity. Taken together, the literature and case study findings help us to understand the emergence and viability of data collaboratives. Although limited by this study’s explorative nature, we find that conditions such as prior history of collaboration and supportive rules of the game are key to the emergence of collaboration. Positive feedback between trust and the collaboration process can institutionalise the collaborative, which helps it survive if conditions change for the worse.

Finding the Positive in the Negative

ABSTRACTThe impact of natural disasters and climate change on archaeological resources has garnered much recent attention, with impacts of sea level rise and coastal flooding being the two most often cited issues. However, damage caused by flooding of interior areas and waterways has received less consideration. In this article, we present a case study of a collaborative emergency response to a significant weather event and the ensuing impacts on archaeological resources. Our project, located in Middle Tennessee, documented severe erosion and subsequent anthropogenic disturbances to ancient Native American sites following massive flooding of the Cumberland River in 2010. While striving to mitigate this damage via systematic collection of imperiled archaeological samples, we were also able to strengthen partnerships among professional archaeologists working in different arenas (academia, state and federal agencies) and the avocational archaeological community. As these types of weather-related events become more common, published case studies of response efforts will be crucial in archaeological site management, planning, and disaster response.

The novel role of paramedics in collaborative emergency centres aligns with their professional identity: A qualitative analysis.

The Collaborative Emergency Centre (CEC) model of care was implemented in Nova Scotia without an identifiable, directly comparable precedent. It features interprofessional teams working towards the goal of providing improved access to primary health care, and appropriate access to 24/7 emergency care. One important component of CEC functioning is overnight staffing by a paramedic and registered nurse (RN) team consulting with an off-site physician. Our objective was to ascertain the attitudes, feelings and experiences of paramedics working within Nova Scotia’s CECs. We conducted a qualitative study informed by the principles of grounded theory. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with paramedics with experience working in a CEC. Analysis involved an inductive grounded approach using constant comparative analysis. Data collection and analysis continued until thematic saturation was reached. Fourteen paramedics participated in the study. The majority were male (n=10, 71%) with a mean age of 44 years and mean paramedic experience of 14 years. Four major themes were identified: 1) interprofessional relationships, 2) leadership support, 3) value to community and 4) paramedic identity. Paramedics report largely positive interprofessional relationships in Nova Scotia’s CECs. They expressed enjoyment working in these centres and believe this work aligns with their professional identity. High levels of patient and community satisfaction were reported. Paramedics believe future expansion of the model would benefit from development of continuing education and improved communication between leadership and front-line workers.

The Impact of a Strong Commitment on Disaster Resilience: A Longitudinal Study of the 2012 Korean Typhoons

Abstract Natural and technical disasters are abrupt and have a huge impact on relatively broad regions, yet little research has examined how local organizations overcome institutional collective action dilemmas in collaborative emergency management. Since simply participating in collective agreements and adopting coordination plans are inadequate for achieving effective collaboration in emergency situations, this research aims to test whether organizations’ decisions to engage in joint emergency programs are sufficient for building resilient emergency response networks. We systemically design a Heckman selection model with two stages by utilizing data derived from the 2012 and 2013 emergency management surveys conducted before and after the 2012 Korean typhoons. The results demonstrate how a strong commitment though participation in joint exercises significantly influences disaster than formal planning and network affiliations. The findings imply that network interactions forged by such full-scale exercises reduce transaction costs of collaboration and improve community resilience.

Quantum Entanglement and the Emergence of Collaboration in Social Media

In this paper, we devise a slightly modified version of the vote with the wallet game used by Becchetti et al. [L. Becchetti and F. Salustri, The vote with the wallet as a multiplayer prisoner’s dilemma, CEIS Tor Vergata Research Paper No. 359, Vol. 13, Issue 10, Centre for Economic and International Studies, Rome, Italy (2015); L. Becchetti, V. Pelligra and F. Salustri, Testing for heterogeneity of preferences in randomized experiments: A satisfaction-based approach applied to multiple prisoner dilemmas, Appl. Econ. Lett. 24(10) (2017) 722–726] for the use of social media, where the player decides whether to responsibly share social knowledge or not. We follow the point of view of Bennet and Bennet [D. Bennet and A. Bennet, Social learning from the inside out: The creation and sharing of knowledge from the mind/brain perspective, in Social Knowledge: Using Social Media to Know What You Know, eds. J. P. Girard and J. L. Girard (IGI Global, 2011), pp. 1–23] according to which another social settings may emerge through the so-called “process of collaborative entanglement.” In this environment, members of a community interact continuously with strong emotional feelings to combine the sources of knowledge and the beneficiaries of that knowledge and move toward a common direction. The application of the model to the quantum game theory substantially confirms that the cooperative strategy becomes the optimal one depending on the frequency of interactions and people’s cultural, geographical and social reachability and traceability.