Cold Drinks Research Articles

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEHA PRAKRITI WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AMLAPITTA AND ITS MANAGEMENTS BY PATHYA APATHYA

A polluted environment, an irregular routine, and a harmful and improper diet, such as excessive consumption of rich food, cold drinks, tea, coffee, excessive drug consumption, diwaswapna, Ratrijagran, and the pleasure of lust, have significantly reduced the physical and mental abilities of persons. As a result, different diseases are present in the body and mind. In the current era, Amlapitta is a severe health problem affecting people worldwide. Ayurveda is the complete medical system comprising physical, mental and spiritual health prevention and preservation of health. And Aahar is one of the essential pillars of Ayurveda for preventing and managing the disease. In the present scenario, many changes have occurred in the traditional lifestyle of a person, and changes have also come in the diet of a person. This results in more digestive disorders like Grahaniroga, Udarroga, Arsha, Atisara, Pandu, Chhardi and Amlapitta. When such a person eats unfavourable and antagonistic food, his pitta becomes Vidagdha; that Vidagdha pitta is called Amlapitta. Amlapitta is a common functional disease of Annavaha srotas. Materialistic lifestyle provokes people to run behind a busy, stressful life with the most minor concern towards proper food habits. According to Kashyap, Virudhaahar, Adhyasana, Amabhojna, Ajeernabhojana, Guru, Snigdha bhojana, Atiruksha anna and Vegadharana, and Divaswapna etc. causes Agnimandhya that leads Amlapitta. According to Madhavakara, increased pitta is an aggravating factor responsible for Amlapitta diseases. When people consume a proper diet according to Prakriti and do not get attracted toward food, do good exercise and adequate sleep and rest, and practice Yoga, Pranayama, and meditation, the disease of a restrained and gentle person gets cured.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier impairment in diarrhea caused by cold drink and high-fat diet

Cold drink and high-fat diet (CDHFD) are common diet patterns. However, the potential risks remain unclear. We investigated the effects of CDHFD in adult mice and explored the mechanisms of action. Twenty adult male mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, and the control group was fed a normal diet, whereas the model group was fed CDHFD for 28 days. We found that mice in the model group developed diarrhea symptoms accompanied by fatigue and weakness. Analysis of the intestinal flora revealed that the model group had a lower diversity and richness of microorganism species in the gut than the control group. Furthermore, the characteristic analysis indicated that CDHFD downregulated specific bacteria, such as norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Muribaculum, and Odoribacter, which are known to be associated with the systemic inflammatory response and mucosal barrier function. Blood tests showed that immune cells and inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in the model group, along with increased LPS induced by CDHFD. Pathological investigations demonstrated that CDHFD damages the intestinal mucosa while affecting the expression of tight junction proteins, including ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-2, and Occludin, which may be attributed to the activation of the TRAF6/IκB/p65 signaling pathway. In conclusion, impaired gut microbial and mechanical barrier function is responsible for CDHFD-induced diarrhea. In this study, we constructed a model of diet-induced diarrhea by simulating human dietary patterns, evaluated the long-term effects of CDHFD on human intestinal barriers and immune systems, and revealed its mechanism of action based on chronic inflammation. This study validated the model's fit to provide an effective screening model for drug or functional food development.

Особливості анестезіологічної допомоги хворим на холодову кропивницю (огляд літератури)

Cold urticaria (CU) is an allergic reaction that manifests itself as hives-like rashes or red spots in response to general or local cooling of the body. Th e disease can be acquired or hereditary, and in the cold season it can affect all segments of the population. Th is pathological condition, at first glance, does not seem to be a very dangerous variant of a local cold injury, but in persons who are prone to exposure to low temperatures, especially with a burdened cold history, it may be accompanied by chronicity of the process and complicated by neurovasculitis, obliterating endarteritis and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome, may decrease the quality of life of the victims and become a cause of disability. The pathophysiology of CU is largely unknown, but it is likely to be related to immunoglobulin E (IgE) and mast cell activation. Cooling has been reported to induce the release of neutrophilic and eosinophilic chemotactic factors, prostaglandin D2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Less common immunologic fi ndings in patients with CU include cryoglobulinemia consisting of monoclonal IgG and mixed IgG/IgM and IgG/IgA cryoglobulin types. The mechanisms of development of CU are mainly determined by the formation of cryoglobulins (cold hemolysins) and subsequent degranulation of mast cells. Th e diagnosis of CU depends on the patient’s history and the results of cold provocation tests. Patients with CU are recommended first of all not to overcool, to take warm showers, to wear warm clothes and a hat, and not to consume cold food and drinks. Treatment options include second-generation H1 antihistamines and glucocorticosteroids. New promising option is omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody derived from a recombinant DNA molecule that targets and selectively binds to circulating IgE and affects mast cells function. In patients with CU undergoing general anesthesia, premedication including antihistamines and corticosteroids is recommended, along with strict maintenance of perioperative normotermia.

Fissure Sealants for Managing Hypersensitivity and Posteruptive Breakdown in MIH-Affected Molars.

Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is defined as hypomineralisation of systemic origin of one to four first permanent molars with or without the involvement of the permanent incisors. In addition to opacities and posteruptive breakdown, hypersensitivity may be a common problem, especially in the molars. Children then often report that hot and cold drinks and meals, toothbrushing, and even air flow cause pain. Therapy approaches to reduce and stop the hypersensitivity include the sealing of affected teeth. Fissure sealants can be placed in mildly affected molars that show no breakdowns in the occlusal surfaces. Thereby, resin-based sealants can be considered for fully erupted teeth, whereas glass ionomers are the treatment of choice in difficult clinical conditions as an interim treatment where isolation is inadequate and the molar has not fully erupted. The aim of this chapter is to describe the phenomenon of hypersensitivity in MIH-affected teeth, to discuss treatment approaches including the placement of sealants as well as the management of posteruptive breakdowns, and to present data on oral health-related quality of life in children suffering from hypersensitivity.

STUDY OF THE EFFICACY OF THE LEKHANIYA GHANAVATI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERLIPIDAEMIA IN DM-2 [BSL<250MG/DL

Hyperlipidaemia is emerging big problem in present society, which is now increasing day by day because of sedentary lifestyle of people, consumption of junk food, aerated cold drink, high level of stress are further deterioting the condition. Hyperlipidaemia is major cause in major illness such as HTN, obesity, acute MI, IHD, CCF& DM-2 (<250mg/dl) Previous study of hyperlipidaemia shows that reduction of fraction lipid level reduces rate of morbidity in individual with DM-2 (<250mg/dl), HTN, CAD. In ayurveda Hyperlipidaemia shows close resemblance with Medoroga as per Ayurveda. Lekhniya Gana is specifically indicated in ayurveda literature for management of Medoroga. In current case study 54 yrs female K/C/O DM -2(<250mg/dl) came with gross elevation of total cholesterol, triglycerides,LDL,VLDL levels.Lekhaniya Gana vati with proper pathya aahar was advised to patients for 2 months. Highly significant reduction was observed in total cholesterol level, triglycerides LDL, VLDL levels.

Dental Pain Season in a Pediatric Dental Clinic Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Objective: Dental pain is the most common reason for dental visits among children in many regions in the world. The weather changes can change the health lifestyle by increasing drinking cold drinks which may cause dental hypersensitivity or misdiagnosed dental pulpitis due to the limited ability to describe the dental pain by the children. Most children cannot observe the decay in the early sage and they need indeed their parent to guide them in a healthy lifestyle. Subject and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively of 600 children from the dental records of new pediatric patients attending a clinic. The collected data included all months in 2022. The frequency of each invasive procedure in each month was calculated as well the gender and other demographic variables. Aim: To determine the highest frequency of dental pain attenders among children under 14 years old during the four seasons of 2022 and using these results to enhance our health services to design future plans. Result: The highest frequency of dental pain cases was in summer (84%) and the lowest was in Spring (16%). Conclusion: This study could be the first study aiming to investigate the dental pain patients flow regarding the four seasons. It has been done in Makkah in which the weather temperature can reach 50 degrees in the summer. Further studies with the same aim in a different weather condition are needed to compare our results and enhance our health services in the future. Conclusion: Dental pain season is in the summer in our paediatric dental clinic. The high frequency of dental pain cases during the summer could be a result of the health lifestyle related to the hot weather. Keywords: Dental pain season, paediatric dental clinic, Makkah

Implementasi linear programming metode simpleks dalam mencari keuntungan maksimum pada UMKM Es Dingin

In a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), business actors often do not know exactly how many goods must be produced and sold in order to get maximum profit. To find out the maximum profit and the number of products that must be produced, the simplex method in linear programming can be used. The simplex method is a method to find the optimal solution of a linear programming model with the principle of iteration. There is a tool to solve linear programs quickly, namely Lingo software that can be used to calculate many problems in a fast time. To implement this simplex method, the data taken by researchers is on MSMEs that produce Cold Drinks with the name Cold Ice. That way, the purpose of this study is to find out how much maximum profit is obtained after obtaining the optimum production amount of each product on Cold Ice in the Medan area.

Chilling Effects: Assessing Chlorine Levels in Hawker-Served Crystal Ice Cubes in Banjarbaru City

Cold drinks served will be served along with ice cubes, one of which is crystal ice cubes. In making ice cubes must have the same quality requirements as drinking water. The provision of water quality that is suitable for drinking needs to be examined. As for drinking water quality requirements according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2023 concerning drinking water quality requirements, the presence of free chlorine compounds in the allowed network distribution is 0.2-0.5 mg/l. Chlorine serves to inhibit growth and eradicate bacteria from various types of microbes, but if chlorine exceeds quality standards and reacts with water it can form hypochlorous acid which can damage cells in the body and can cause digestive disorders because it can make the stomach wall erosion and cause ulcer disease and if used in the long term can cause kidney disease and cancer. This research aims to analyze chlorine levels and crystal ice cubes of hawker sellers in Banjarbaru City and the factors that influence it. The results of the study explained that from 28 samples of crystal ice cubes, only 2 (7%) samples of crystal ice cubes met the standards, while the other 26 samples (93%) had chlorine levels above the maximum limit of 0.5 mg / L. While the behavior of ice cube sellers in washing hands before taking ice cubes only 11 people (39%), 17 other beverage sellers (61%) did not wash their hands before taking ice cubes.

Monitoring energy consumption of vending machines in university buildings

Vending machines are a convenient source of food and drinks, but they can also be a significant source of energy consumption in public buildings. To reduce energy waste and improve energy efficiency, a low-cost sensor network was used to monitor the energy usage of vending machines. The sensor network consists of small, wireless sensors that are placed inside the vending machines, and a central hub that is connected to the internet via Wi-Fi. The sensors are able to collect data on the energy usage of the vending machines, including when they are idle, in use, or in a standby mode. This data is then transmitted to the central hub, where it is processed and made available to users through a web-based interface or mobile app. With this information, users can identify patterns in energy usage and make changes to reduce overall energy consumption. In a university in southern Spain, 53 vending machines of three types were monitored: snack, cold drinks, and hot drinks. The average monthly consumptions of these types of vending machines were snack (250 kWh), cold drinks (200 kWh), and hot drinks (100 kWh). By using a sensor network to monitor the energy usage of vending machines, it is possible to identify areas where energy is being wasted and make adjustments to reduce this waste. This can help to reduce the environmental impact of the vending machines, by reducing the amount of energy that is consumed and the associated greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, by making the vending machines more energy efficient, it is possible to improve their overall productivity and cost-effectiveness. Overall, the use of a low-cost sensor network to monitor vending machines energy usage can be seen as a form of cleaner production, because it promotes the use of more sustainable and efficient industrial processes.

Antibacterial activity of bioemulsifiers/biosurfactants produced by Levilactobacillus brevisS4 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarumS5 and their utilization to enhance the stability of cold emulsions of milk chocolate drinks.

Chocolate milk drink, one of the most popular and widely consumed milk products among the population, independent of their age, has as its main challenge the problem of its physical instability. The aim of this study was to assess the stabilizing effect of bioemulsifiers/biosurfactants (BE/BS) from two lactobacilli strains in a cold chocolate milk drink. The strains Levilactobacillus brevis S4 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S5 isolated from pendidam were screened for their ability to produce BE/BS. The produced BE/BS were characterized, their antimicrobial activities were assessed, and their ability to stabilize cold chocolate milk drinks was determined. The results obtained showed BE/BS yields of 3.48 and 4.37 g/L from L. brevis S4 and L. plantarum S5, respectively. These BE/BS showed emulsifying and surface activities that remained stable after treatment at different temperatures, pH, and salinity. The emulsions formed using BE/BS were stable for 72 h at room temperature (25 ± 1°C). The BE/BS exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus S1 and Escherichia coli E1. When applied to cold chocolate milk drinks at 0.2% (w/v), the BE/BS from L. brevis S4 and L. plantarum S5 showed interesting solubility indexes and water absorption capacities, which led to the successful stabilization of the drinks. The results of this study demonstrate the stabilizer potential of BE/BS from L. brevis S4 and L. plantarum S5 and suggest their use in the dairy and food industries.

Effects of biomass additives on mechanical strength and water resistance of corn starch straws

To explore a biomass material for significantly improving mechanical strength and water resistance of corn starch straws, lotus root powder, wheat flour and bamboo powder were chosen to study and compare the structure and performances of starch straws. Corn starch straws (CS), corn starch/lotus root powder straws (CSL), corn starch/wheat flour straws (CSW) and corn starch/bamboo powder straws (CSB) were prepared by thermoplastic extrusion. The results showed that CSW had the strongest hydrogen bonding interactions among starch straws. CSW had the largest FTIR 1047/1022 cm−1 ratio and relative crystallinity, indicating the highest degree of short- and long-range order and the highest crystallization melting temperature (298 °C). The relaxation time of all corn starch/additive straws decreased, indicating that stronger chain segment interactions. CSL had the highest flexural strength (81.72 MPa). CSL had the lowest water absorption value after soaked in water at 70 °C, whereas CSW had the lowest water absorption value after soaked in water at 4 and 25 °C. CSL was suitable for hot drinks, while CSW was more suitable for cold drinks. The outcomes would provide a new theoretical basis for selecting the most appropriate additives from biomass materials to interact with corn starch to improve mechanical properties and water resistance of corn starch straws.

40 Reported hydration intake of older patients in an emergency department

Abstract Background Older people are vulnerable to dehydration & inadequate fluid intake is a major contributor to preventable dehydration. Poor oral intake of fluids can be related to the inability to feed independently and having poor availability and access to fluids. This study examined older patient’s ability to access fluids in an Emergency Department (ED) setting. Methods A point prevalence study was undertaken in the ED over one working day. Patients in the ED who were aged over sixty five, alert conscious & no upper limb fracture were asked to participate in this survey by completing a task of pouring water from a standard ward water jug weighing 1.5 kg into a cup. In addition patients were asked a series of questions about their water intake and if they had adequate access to water in the ED. 20 patients participated in the study (11 Females 9 Males.) Results 70% of patients were able to lift the jug and pour water into a cup without assistance. 15% of patients stated they had access to sufficient fluids. All of these patients had brought their own drinks to the ED. 85% of patients stated they did not have access to sufficient fluids. Reported fluid intake ranged from 100 mL to 2litres. 70% of patient’s fluid intake was less than 1 l over 24 hour period. 11 patients had access to a table or overbed tray to place a drink on. The preferred cold drink option was water for 85% of patients. Conclusion The majority of older patients in the ED reported they did not have access to sufficient fluids. Fluid intake over a 24 hour period was less than 1 litre. Older adults in the ED are at risk of dehydration. Patients preferred drink choice of water could be made more readily available in the ED setting.

EVALUVATION OF SARJIKA KASHARA AS A NIDANA IN CARDIOVASULAR DISEASES – AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

In India the burden of non-communicable diseases has been emerging rapidly due to globalization, urbanization, early ageing of society and an increased event of chronic diseases. Among all the non-communicable diseases cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has gained our attention, as they have now become the leading cause of mortali-ty in India. Acharya Charaka explains about Dinacharya, Rtucharya, Sadvrutta in maintenance of healthy life-style. In vimanasthana he prohibits excessive and chronic intake of Pippali, Ksharaand Lavana. If they were used in excessively and for the long term it may lead to many health conditions. SarjikaKsharai.e., Sodium Bi-carbonate is routinely used in hotels, bakeries, and fast-foodcentres as a leavening agent and for giving soft and crisp texture to food. Among all the ksharas, SarjikaKshara [Sodium bicarbonate]is commonly used for prepara-tion of food in restaurants, in preparation of bakery items, fast food, cold drinks and also in some Ayurvedic classical and proprietary medicines. This study aims to evaluate the effect of consumption of SarjikaKshara for long duration on Hrudroga by an animal study. In this study 6 Wister albino rats used as standard and 3 groupings viz-sub acute, sub chronic and chronic group with 6 rats in each were taken as experiment group after dose fixation and assessment of lab parameters. In this animal experiment it is noted that significant changes in CKMB and LDH signifies that there will be Acute and Chronic damage to the Cardiac Muscles. With this study it can be concluded that use of SarjikaKshara for long term will increase the chances for cardiovascular diseases.

Discourse Analysis of Ideologies behind Television Commercials of Cold Drink Brands in Pakistan

Television commercials (TVCs) play a significant role in advertising due to their extensive reach and effectiveness in capturing audience attention. This research aims to examine the ideologies and persuasive techniques employed in TVCs for cold drinks, specifically focusing on the commercials of Pepsi and Mountain Dew in Pakistan. The study utilizes a comprehensive methodology including discourse analysis of images and hidden messages within the selected commercials. Fairclough's three-dimensional framework is applied, encompassing the analysis of text production, audience interpretation, and the social conditions surrounding these processes. The linguistic features, such as voiceover, visuals, and multimodality, are explored in detail. The findings reveal that both Pepsi and Mountain Dew commercials strategically employ techniques and themes to appeal their target audiences. Pepsi's "Why Not Meri Jaan?" campaign targets cricket enthusiasts, promotes the emotional connection of sharing moments while watching matches. Mountain Dew, on the other hand, targets adventurous male youth, emphasizing fearless extreme sports. These advertisements construct and reinforce social values to cultivate a devoted consumer base and encourage widespread consumerism. The research sheds light on the persuasive power of TVCs and their ability to shape consumer behavior through the portrayal of desirable social qualities associated with the consumption of carbonated drinks.

Connotation of Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction based on severe cases and modern pathophysiological mechanism and application for severe pulmonary infection and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in critical care medicine

Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classic herbal formula. All of them are derived from Treatise on Cold Damage(Shang Han Lun) by ZHANG Zhong-jing. This combination has the effects of harmonizing lesser yang, relieving exterior syndrome, clearing lung heat, and relieving panting. It is mainly used for treating the disease involving the triple-Yang combination of diseases and accumulation of pathogenic heat in the lung. Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classic combination for the treatment of exogenous diseases involving the triple-Yang combination. They are commonly used in exogenous diseases, especially in the north of China. This combination is also the main treatment strategy for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) accompanied by fever and cough. Maxing Shigan Decoction is a classical herbal formula for treating the syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung. "Dyspnea after sweating" suggests the accumulation of pathogenic heat in the lung. Patients with mild symptoms may develop cough and asthma along with forehead sweating, and those in critical severe may develop whole-body sweating, especially the front chest. Modern medicine believes that the above situation is related to lung infection. "Mild fever" refers to syndromes rather than pathogenesis. It does not mean that the heat syndrome is not heavy, instead, it suggests that severe heat and inflammation have occurred. The indications of Xiao Chaihu Decoction combined with Maxing Shigan Decoction are as follows.(1) In terms of diseases, it is suitable for the treatment of viral pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, lobar pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia, COVID-19 infection, measles with pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS), avian influenza, H1N1 influenza, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation, pertussis, and other influenza and pneumonia.(2) In terms of syndromes, it can be used for the syndromes of bitter mouth, dry pharynx, vertigo, loss of appetite, vexation, vomiting, and fullness and discomfort in the chest and hypochondrium. It can also be used to treat alternate attacks of chill and fever and different degrees of fever, as well as chest tightness, cough, asthma, expectoration, dry mouth, wanting cold drinks, feeling agitated, sweating, yellow urine, dry stool, red tongue, yellow or white fur, and floating, smooth, and powerful pulse, especially the right wrist pulse.

Single-visit regenerative endodontic procedure of necrotic immature lower permanent molar with acute apical abscess

Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) of immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical pathosis focus on passive chemomechanical debridement and usually require multiple visits to enhance the antibacterial effect by placing intracanal medications. However, different case reports showed a favorable clinical and radiographic outcome in single-visit REPs of necrotic immature teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis or chronic apical abscess. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published reports of single-visit REPs on cases with acute apical abscess. Therefore, this case report aimed to present a successful REP performed in a single visit for immature lower molar with necrotic pulp and acute apical abscess. A 9-year-old female patient referred for the management of the lower right molar (#46), with the chief complaint of localized moderate pain with cold drinks in the lower right molar for 1 week. The extraoral clinical examination revealed no significant findings. Intraorally, tooth #46 revealed a deep occlusal caries, with normal response to palpation, mild pain on percussion, and moderate pain to the cold test. The radiographic examination showed deep occlusal caries approaching the pulp, and periapical radiolucency related to the distal root. It was diagnosed as symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. After accessing the pulp chamber, the radicular pulp on the mesial root was vital, while necrotic in the distal root. Therefore, vital pulp therapy was done for the mesial root, and REPs initiated for the distal root with intracanal medicament placement. However, the patient failed to show up in the scheduled visit to complete the treatment. The father refused to bring her as she was asymptomatic, and he was afraid of the COVID-19 pandemic situation. One month later, she presented to the clinic with pain and facial swelling in the lower right area of her face. Clinical examination revealed extra- and intraoral swelling related to tooth #46 (i.e., acute apical abscess) with severe pain on palpation and percussion. The patient’s parents insist to finish the treatment or extract the tooth on the same visit. Hence, a single-visit REP was done. After 20 months, clinical and radiographic examinations showed that the tooth became asymptomatic, responded to sensibility tests, and the periapical pathosis healed. It was concluded that regenerative endodontic treatment can be done in single visit in cases with acute apical abscess. It should be considered in cases of poor complaint, difficulty in accessing dental care, or pandemic curfew.

CNCs extraction from single‐use cups: effects of grafting it onto MMA monomer

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe difficulty of separating fiber from polyolefin coatings of single‐use plastic (SUP) cups for cold (carbonated) or hot (coffee) drinks, has led us to investigate a recycling method to obtain new high‐performance materials. The present work relates to valorization of ICEE S.A. de C.V. cups into crystalline nanocellulose (CNC), while studying the effects on the structural, thermal, morphological and particle size properties in dependence of the acid hydrolysis concentration (40 and 64% v/v) employing sulfuric acid to remove amorphous cellulose.RESULTSOn the basis of results, optimal CNC was found at 64% v/v concentration obtaining ribbon‐like morphologies rich in cellulose types Iα (27%) and II (45.1%) of triclinic and monoclinic structures, respectively, high crystallinity percentage (91%) and nanosize scale (26.70 nm). CNC was successfully grafted through the C2 in cellulose onto the methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer to obtain PMMA‐g‐CNC, considering different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 30 wt%) of CNC. A reduction of crystallinity % was found when CNC is grafted onto MMA owing to the amorphous nature of the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). However, this is not a limitation.CONCLUSIONSPMMA‐g‐CNC samples displayed high thermal stability (345 °C) and nanometric scale (165–260 nm), which have potential to be studied as reinforcement agents for incompatible polymers such as PMMA and poly(urethane) (PU) through Interpenetrating Polymer Networks. Preliminary mechanical studies indicated that PMMA‐g‐CNC systems are able to reinforce the tensile properties becoming the PMMA/PU into ductile materials. Specially, the MMA90CNC10 system improved the strain four‐fold compared to the pure PMMA/PU IPN. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Parametric Investigations of Drying Roselle Calyces Flower

In this research, a new dryer which use halogen lamp must be designed and the drying performance of Roselle is to be investigate. The power of lamp is varied (50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225) W. The result shows that higher power of lamp produce high temperature and low humidity which shorten the drying time of Roselle. The drying rate of each parameter shows slightly different pattern as temperature does not constant since the power supply does not produce constant voltage or current. The heat of vaporization increase as the power of lamp is increase and quantity of heat energy to raise temperature of Roselle at certain mass also increase. The most suitable parameter is 200W since the colour of Roselle does not degrade very much with short drying time 240mins, heat, transfer coefficient 91.51 W/2K . Maximum has a sour taste and is ordinarily utilized in the readiness of cold and hot drinks and as energy needed to heat Roselle at 62⁰C is 17.02 kJ and heat of vaporization are determined to be 2612.3 kJ/kg.

Assessment of consumption patterns of soft drinks and its impact on nutritional status among young adults of Kolkata

Soft drinks are non-alcoholic beverages that primarily consist of fruit juices and carbonated beverages. Soft drinks and other liquids with added sugar are viewed as unhealthy food items since they are high in calories but low in nutrients. India's populace continues to crave sugary soft drinks even as the rest of the globe is losing interest in these toxic beverages. The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between consumption of soft drinks and its impacts on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 younger adults, aged 20-30 years selected randomly from different social media resources based on Kolkata, West Bengal India. Present online survey was conducted on the basis of responses obtained from using pretested standardised questionnaires. The google forms were prepared and shared with the respondents. Social media platforms were used like Facebook, WhatsApp, LinkedIn. In the present study total 2% respondents were underweight,30% were normal and 68% respondents belonged to overweight/obesity.88% of respondents are aware about the unhealthy impact of soft drinks. Whereas considering practice 6% of the respondents drink soft drinks daily and 25% have it on a weekly basis.42% of the respondents prefers regular soft drinks whereas 46% prefers fruit flavoured cold drinks. Again 62% of the respondents prefers coloured soft drinks. Considering attitude of the respondents 12% of them still willing to have soft drinks even after knowing its ill effects on tooth enamel. Further studies using descriptive research designs are needed to better understand the prospective associations among beverage consumption and obesity in the age group of 20 to 30 years, who are the future of our country.

Application of Cold Drink in Post Operation Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Appendectomy Cases in Lubuklinggau

Introducition: Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications after surgery, it affects the patient's time recovery and causes discomfort including: pain, electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, risk of aspiration, risk of wound opening and bleeding. The purpose of this study was to see a decrease in postoperative nausea and vomiting scores.
 Methods: The research design used was quasi-experimental with 2 pre-post test groups. The sample in this study were 42 people with a total of 21 people in the intervention group and 21 people in the control group. The variable in the study looked at the score of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Instruments used by Rhodes INVR. Data analysis used SPSS test with Mann-Withney.
 Results: There was a significant difference in respondents' scores (p-value = 0.000, < 0.05). In addition, it showed a difference in the average score of the test between the control group (19.00) and the invention group (3.00), with an average difference of 16.00.
 Conculsion: The application of cold drinks in PONV has proven to be more effective in reducing vomiting nausea. This method can be used as an alternative method in meeting the needs of body fluids when getting complaints of nausea vomiting. To achieve the goal of preventing the occurrence of the impact of vomiting nausea such as preventing dehydration.