Concentrations Of Colchicine Research Articles

In vitro induction of tetraploidy and its effects on phenotypic variations in Populus hopeiensis

BackgroundArtificial induction of polyploidy is the most common and effective way to improve the biological properties of Populus and develop new varieties of this tree. In this study, in order to confirm and expand earlier findings, we established a protocol using colchicine and based on an efficient shoot regeneration system of leaf blades to induce tetraploidy in vitro in three genotypes from diploid Populus hopeiensis. The stomatal characteristics, leaf blade size, and growth were evaluated for diploids and tetraploids of three genotypes.ResultsWe found that genotype, preculture duration, colchicine concentration, and colchicine exposure time had highly significant effects on the tetraploid induction rate. The optimal protocol for inducing tetraploidy in P. hopeiensis was to preculture leaf blades for 7 days and then treat them for 4 days with 40 mg/L colchicine. The tetraploid induction rates of genotypes BT1, BT3, and BT8 were 21.2, 11.4 and 16.7%, respectively. A total of 136 tetraploids were identified by flow cytometry analysis and somatic chromosome counting. The stomatal length, width, and density of leaf blades significantly differed between diploid and tetraploid plants. Compared with their diploid counterparts, the tetraploids produced larger leaf blades and had a slower growth rate. Our findings further document the modified morphological characteristics of P. hopeiensis following whole-genome duplication (e.g., induced tetraploidy).ConclusionsWe established a protocol for in vitro induction of tetraploidy from diploid leaf blades treated with colchicine, which can be applied to different genotypes of P. hopeiensis.

In Vitro Induction of Polyploidy by Colchicine in the Protocorm of the Orchid Dendrobium wardianum Warner

Dendrobium wardianum is a key ornamental plant and a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. This research aimed to find the optimal protocol for in vitro inducement of polyploidy in D. wardianum by treating protocorms with colchicine (an antimitotic agent). The experiment consisted of two series of treatments. For the first treatment, the protocorms were subjected to colchicine concentrations of 25, 75, 125, 250, and 500 μM (weight/volume) for 6, 12, and 24 hours. For the second treatment, protocorms were cultivated in culture medium with colchicine (25, 75, 125, and 250 μM) for 30 days. A total of 18 polyploids were confirmed by chromosome counts and anatomical parameters. Polyploids had broad, dark green leaves with increased stem lengths compared with those of diploids. The optimal protocol for these two methods consisted of soaking in 250 μM of colchicine solution for 12 hours, resulting in inductivity of 26%, and cultivating in 75 μM for 30 days, resulting in a mutation rate of 34%. A comparison of these two protocols showed that the latter one induced more stable polyploids, but that the survival rate was slightly lower. The survival and induced mutation rates of these plants were significantly influenced by the colchicine concentration and exposure time. Higher concentrations for longer periods of time resulted in greater mortality rates and longer-lasting side effects. The protocol involving a solid medium and colchicine is worth considering. It will be intriguing to examine this methodology for the induction of stable polyploids of other orchid species.

Dose Consideration of Lenvatinib's Anti-Cancer Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma and the Potential Benefit of Combined Colchicine Therapy.

The dose-dependent anti-cancer effect of lenvatinib on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the potential benefit of combined colchicine therapy were investigated. Four primary cultured HCC (S103, S143, S160, S176) cell lines were investigated by differential expressions of genes (11 lenvatinib target genes and NANOG) and anti-proliferative effect using clinically achievable plasma lenvatinib (250, 350 ng/mL) and colchicine (4 ng/mL) concentrations. Colchicine showed an anti-proliferative effect on all cell lines. Lenvatinib at 250 ng/mL inhibited proliferation in all cell lines, but 350 ng/mL inhibited only three cell lines. For lenvatinib target genes, colchicine down-regulated more genes and up-regulated less genes than lenvatinib did in three cell lines. Lenvatinib up-regulated NANOG in all cell lines. Colchicine down-regulated NANOG in three cell lines but up-regulated NANOG with less magnitude than lenvatinib did in S103. Overall, combined colchicine and 250 ng/mL lenvatinib had the best anti-cancer effects in S143, with similar effects with combined colchicine and 350 ng/mL lenvatinib in S176 but less effects than combined colchicine and 350 ng/mL lenvatinib in S103 and S160. Lenvatinib does not show a dose-dependent anti-cancer effect on HCC. Combined colchicine and lenvatinib can promote the total anti-cancer effects on HCC.

Induction of Synthetic Polyploids of Porang (<i>Amorphophallus muelerri</i> Blume) and Assessment of Its Genetic Variability Using Morphological Data and RAPD Molecular Marker

This study uses morphological characteristics and RAPD markers to evaluate the polyploidization of synthetic porang. Seeds of triploid porang (2n=2x=26) were soaked in the different colchicine concentrations for 24 hours. After colchicine treatment, the porang seeds were planted to an MS medium that contained 2.2 µM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), then, 40 days after planting in the MS media, the morphology and molecular of synthetic polyploid porang were characterized. For DNA extraction, a total of 100 mg of young leaves of porang plantlet was collected. One way Anova followed by the Duncan test (95%) was performed for phenotypic characterization. The number of different alleles, number of effective alleles, Shannon's information index, diversity, and unbiased diversity were assessed for genetic diversity. Synthetic polyploid porang has a higher total shoot, root, and wider leaves than normal porang. Polyploidy induction also successfully increased the genetic diversity of porang, and the genetic diversity will increase porang adaptability and sustainability of porang cultivation.

Pengaruh Kolkisin pada Stomata Daun Dendrobium

This study aims to determine the effect of colchicine on the stomata of dendrobium orchids. This research method is quantitative. This research used 2 factorial RAK where the first factor was the variety treatment consisting of dendrobium venus purple algis (ALG) and dendrobium transient pink frederika (FRD). The second factor, namely the colchicine concentration treatment, consisted of control (0 ppm), 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm and 6000 ppm. The research parameters observed were stomata density, stomata length and width. The results showed that dendrobium orchid varieties FRD and ALG were treated with several concentrations of colchicine with the average parameters of open stomata, stomata density, length and width of somata not significantly different from each treatment or control. Colchicine still does not appear to have an effect on the stomata of the FRD and ALG varieties of dendrobium orchids. Based on observations of the stomata, the average length of the stomata at each concentration is still not classified as diploid because it is <1.25x the length of the control stomata. In conclusion, the observed parameters have no effect or are significantly different.
 
 Keywords: Dendrobium Orchid, Colchicine, Stomata

The effect of induced polyploidy on phytochemistry, cellular organelles and the expression of genes involved in thymol and carvacrol biosynthetic pathway in thyme (Thymus vulgaris).

Induced polyploidy usually results in larger vegetative and reproductive plant organs. In order to study the effect of chromosome doubling on Thymus vulgaris, three levels of colchicine concentration including 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% (w/v) were applied for 6, 12 and 24 hours on apical meristem of 2- and 4-leaf seedlings. Ploidy level was evaluated by flow cytometry and microscopic chromosome counting. Chemical composition of essential oils extracted by hydro-distillation was analyzed by gas Chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas Chromatography (GC). The application of 0.3% colchicine at 4-leaf seedling for 6 hours resulted in the highest survival rate and the highest number of tetraploid plants. Cytogenetic and flow cytometry analyses confirmed the increase of chromosome number from 2n=2x=30 in diploids to 2n=4x=60 in induced tetraploids. Tetraploid plants had larger leaves, taller and thicker stems, dense branching, longer trichome, larger stomata, larger guard cells, and decreased number of stomata. The number of chloroplasts and mitochondria increased significantly in tetraploid plants by 1.66 and 1.63 times, respectively. The expression of CYP71D178, CYP71D180 and CYP71D181 increased in tetraploids by 3.27, 7.39 and 2.15 times, respectively, probably resulting in higher essential oil compounds, as tetraploids outyielded the diploid plants by 64.7% in essential oil, 40.9% in thymol and 18.6% in carvacrol content.

Phenotypic leaf character of katokkon chili pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) result of polyploidization with colchicine

The formation of a new variety of katokkon chili through mutation breeding using colchicine was conducted in this study. This study aims to determine the effect of the phenotypic leaf characters of katokkon chili pepper resulting from polyploidization with colchicine. The study was conducted at the Malino Horticulture Seed Garden Installation, Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi at an altitude of 1047 m above sea level. This study used samples of katokkon chili pepper plants that had been induced by colchicine and were analyzed using flow cytometry. The results showed that treatment with 0.10% colchicine concentration and 48 hours of soaking time and 0.20% colchicine concentration and 24 and 48 hours of soaking time that is tetraploid detected plant affected on darker leaf color and irregular branching shape compared to wild-type. At the same time, tetraploid plants leaf length, width and thickness did not show significant differences with diploid and mixoploid plants.

In-vitro Induction of Polyploidy in Niger (Guizotia abyssinica L.f. Cass) through Colchicine Treatment

The present study was conducted to induce polyploidy through colchicine treatment to obtain better yield by enhancing the vigour, improving morphological and yield attributing traits. The Niger seeds were exposed to four different colchicine concentrations (0.025,0.05,0.1 and 0.2%) at different time duration (6, 16, 24 and 48 hrs.). The experiment was carried out in two different conditions i.e., ex-vitro and in-vitro. The survival percentage of treated plants was found better under in-vitro conditions while the mortality rate was found higher in ex-vitro condition. The germination percentage was found higher in control as compared to colchicine treated except the 16 hrs treatment at 0.05% and 0.1% which showed similar germination as control. On assessing the morphological parameters including plant height, number of branches per plant, capitulum size, number of capitulum per plant and seed yield per plant, the treated plantlets with 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine at 16 hrs.showed increment compared to control. Stomatal length and width were found increased whereas stomatal density per microscopic area was found higher in control plants. The size of the cell and nucleus was also found increased in the above treatment as compared to control. Comparing the morphological and cytological results it can be anticipated that the plants treated for 16 hrs at 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine concentration may show the putative polyploidy.

ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE AND TOXIC POTENCY OF COLCHICINE IN GLADIOLUS (GLADIOLUS GRANDIFLORUS) PLANTS

Colchicine is one of the important aqueous solutions that has been used to induce mutation or ploidy in many plant species long ago. However, its proper concentrations plays a vital role, increased or inappropriate concentrations may cause mortality, stunted growth, morphological deformation, etc. in plant species. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the different colchicine concentrations on the growth and development of gladiolus corms. Gladiolus corms were treated with 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% concentrations for 24 hours. Colchicine toxicity was evaluated during the early growth stage showed a higher concentration of 0.6% significantly reduced corm survival (47%) and caused a 51.9% survival reduction over control. In terms of growth parameters, all concentrations of colchicine reduced plant height with a number of leaves along with inducing different forms of morphological abnormalities and chlorophyll mutants. To optimize the dose for successful ploidy induction, LD30 and LD50 on mortality rate through an analysis were calculated to be 0.31% and 0.57% whereas GR50 based on plant height and the number of leaves reduction was found to be 0.17% and 0.34%. Hence, the results from this study could be used in the future for further breeding programs by reducing the genotoxicity of colchicine on gladiolus.

Induction of Ploidy Level on Three Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Cultivars by Colchicine In Vitro

Patchouli plants produce essential oils and are used as a raw material and fixative agent for perfumes. The most widely cultivated patchouli plant in Indonesia is Aceh patchouli. Sexual propagation in Aceh patchouli plants is impossible as it does not flower. Genetic diversity can be elevated through another method, such as polyploidy induction using colchicine. This research aimed to evaluate the state-of-the-art application of polyploidization techniques as a breeding tool for callus-based explants. A completely randomized design with a factorial pattern was used in this experiment consisting of two factors, patchouli cultivars (Sidikalang, Tapak Tuan, and Lhokseumawe) and colchicine concentration (0.0%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%). The result showed an interaction between three patchouli cultivars with colchicine concentration on callus size and color characters. In Sidikalang cultivar, 0.2% colchicine concentration affects the character of callus emergence time and has more buds. In cultivar Tapak Tuan, the application of colchicine 0.2% affects the callus size character and has the highest number of buds. In the Lhokseumawe cultivar, giving 0.5% colchicine affects the character of callus appearance time, callus size, and callus color. Concentrations of 0.2% and 1.0% colchicine in Sidikalang and Tapak Tuan calluses increased the number of chromosomes, ranging from 2n (32), 3n (48), and 4n (64). The implication of the research could be disclosure of an opportunity to create a new superior variety.

Tetraploid Induction with Leaf Morphology and Sunburn Variation in Sorbus pohuashanensis (Hance) Hedl

Sorbus pohuashanensis (Hance) Hedl. is an important forestry species valued for its ornamental, medicinal, and ecological properties. Polyploidy breeding is an important method of germplasm innovation; however, polyploidy induction and phenotypic variation caused by chromosome doubling in S. pohuashanensis are poorly understood. In this study, S. pohuashanensis seeds were used to explore the effects of different colchicine concentrations, cold stratification times, and seeds from different sources on polyploidy induction. Ploidy levels of the regenerated plants were determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that the tetraploid induction effect of S. pohuashanensis seeds was significantly affected by colchicine concentration, and the highest tetraploid induction rate of 24.75% was achieved by immersion in 0.2% (w/v) colchicine for 48 h. After 2 years of induction, 77 tetraploid plants were obtained. Compared to diploids, tetraploid plants showed significant variations in plant height, leaf morphology (apical leaflet width, middle leaflet width), and diameter of the middle petiole. The stomatal size and chloroplast number increased with chromosome doubling whereas the stomatal number and density decreased. In addition, significant differences in the percentage of sunburn associated with ploidy changes were observed. This study provides a technique for tetraploid induction of S. pohuashanensis seeds, showing the variation in traits caused by polyploidization and the effect of chromosome doubling on sunburn resistance. Tetraploidy induction provides a new direction for S. pohuashanensis germplasm innovation.

Induction of polyploidy in Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) by in vitro treatment with colchicine

Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) is an important medicinal plant that can be used for producing alkaloids such as vinblastine and vincristine for treatment of cancers, especially blood cancer. This research induced polyploid C. roseus through tissue culture. Experiments were conducted to find suitabe media for in vitro shoot multiplication. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP, 0.2 mg/l NAA and 10 mg/l AdS showed a better response in terms of the emergence, proliferation and multiplication of shoots. The in vitro shoots were immersed in colchicine solution with different concentrations (0%; 0.025%; 0.05%; 0.075%; 0.1%) for 24 to 72 hours. Results showed that Colchicine concentration (0,025%) was the most effective measure within 48 hours. The ploidy level of the colchicine-treated individuals was analysed by counting the number of stomatas, counting the number of chromosomes and measuring nuclear DNA by flow cytometry.

Effect of Colchicine Concentration and Exposure Duration on the Growth and Flowering of Petunia hybrid L.

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of three concentrations of colchicine (0, 0.2, 0.5%,) with different exposure times (24, 36, 48 hours) on petunias for growth and flowering characteristics. experiment was carried out with a design The randomized complete Block design (RCBD) with a one-way system, and the results of the study showed the following: The cause of colchicine exposure a significant increase in most of the studied growth characteristics and the superiority of exposure. The treatment with colchicine excelled 0.5 at the time of 36 hours by giving the least rate of plant height, the most, the number of leaves, the largest leaf area, and the largest plant spread (38.03 cm, 77.7 leaf plant−1, 952 cm2, 20.86 branch plant−1), respectively. There were no significant differences in the number of branches. On the plant, the colchicine alkaloid had a significant effect on most of the studied flowering traits, early flowering at the time of flowering, and the highest mean of flowering number, flower diameter, and focal age (85.33 days, 22.33 plant flower−1, 9.517 cm, 74 days), respectively. The concentration of colchicine 0.5% and the time of 36 hours recorded the highest rate of anthocyanin pigment chlorophyll in the plant, reaching 7.01% and 38.06 mg gm wet weight, respectively.

Colchicine-sensitivity Test in Cassava Leaf Lobes and its Effect on Callus and Somatic Embryo Formation

Background: Colchicine acts as a polyploidy inducer but at high concentrations, it causes high cell mortality. To improve the efficiency of colchicine polyploidization in cassava, leaf lobes colchicine-sensitivity tests were carried out and LD50 determined at 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.25g/l colchicine concentrations in the varieties Ankrah, Dagati, Tomfa and Tuaka. Methods: Colchicine treated leaf lobes were regenerated into callus on either 8 mg/l 2, 4-D or Picloram. The calli were subsequently regenerated into somatic embryos by NAA. LD50 of 0.09, 0.11, 0.13 and 0.09 mg/L colchicine concentration were determined for Ankrah, Dagati, Tomfa and Tuaka respectively in 2, 4-D. Similarly, LD50 of 0.12, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.10 mg/L were respectively obtained in Picloram. Result: In 2, 4-D, Ankrah and Tuaka were more sensitive to colchicine than Dagati and Tomfa whereas in picloram, Dagati and Tuaka showed more sensitivity. Callus proliferation differed significantly among varieties and influenced by the concentration of colchicine.

The Effect of Colchicine Concentration and Immersion Time on Growth and Morphological Characters of Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. Ex Benth In-vitro Explants

The production of polyploidy with a chemical mutagen such as colchicine is one strategy that can be applied to improve the genetic traits and wood properties of acacia trees. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of colchicine at various concentrations and immersion times on the percentage of surviving explants, percentage of rooted explants, and morphological traits of shoot and root A. crassicarpa in-vitro. A completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors was used in this study. The first factor was the concentration of colchicine solution with five levels (0,00%, 0,02%, 0,04%, 0,06%, and 0,08%), and the second factor was the immersion time with three levels (24, 48, and 72 hours). There were fifteen treatment combinations with each treatment repeated three times. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test at 5% significance level. The results showed that the treatment combination of colchicine concentration with immersion time showed a significant effect on the percentage of surviving explants, number of leaves, number of shoots and height of A. crassicarpa explants, but did not significantly affect on the number of roots, length of the root and percentage of rooted A. crassicarpa explants.

Optimal protocol for in vitro polyploid induction of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw

BackgroundCymbidium aloifolium is a popular ornamental flower in Thailand with both economic and medical values. Polyploid induction techniques are used to improve plant quality. This study identified polyploidy levels of C. aloifolium induction by colchicine. Protocorms of C. aloifolium were treated on solid New Dogashima Medium (NDM) with various concentrations of colchicine (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05% w/v) for 2, 4 and 8 weeks.ResultsColchicine effectively induced plant polyploidy. Tetraploid plants were found after treatment with 0.03% and 0.04% colchicine for 8 weeks, while at increased concentration and duration, survival, response and growth performance decreased. Tetraploid plants showed the lowest growth performance but highest size of stomatal and epidermal cells. Growth performance and leaf surface anatomy data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and PCA. Results showed that stomatal and epidermal cell sizes had strongly negative correlations with other variables, while HCA revealed that stomatal and epidermal cell sizes of tetraploid plantlets were larger but stomatal and epidermal cell densities decreased when compared with the diploids.ConclusionColchicine at suitable concentrations and duration produced polyploid plants with alteration of morphological and anatomical traits. This study provides potential information to support orchid quality production as ornamental plants and a source of pharmaceutical raw materials.

Katokkon Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) Ploidy Determination by Morphological Characteristic and Flow Cytometry Analysis

Katokkon pepper plant is originated from Toraja, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This endemic pepper variety has unique hot and spicy characters with a distinctive bell pepper aroma, and aesthetic shape similar to paprika, but with smaller size. This research was conducted to identify ploidy level and plant morphology of colchicine induced Katokkon pepper at Laboratory of Plant Reproduction Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin and experimental field of Agricultural Extension System Vocational High School Santo Paulus Tana Toraja (S 03°04’177” E 119°51’526”). Two weeks old seedlings were immersed for 4.5 hours in colchicine concentration (0.00%, 0.0125%, 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.10%). Flow cytometry analysis was carried out using Partec Cy-Flow SpaceTM. Result showed that colchicine concentration (0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%) produced mixoploid plants with two set of chromosomes (2n=24, 4n=48). This study also found morphological differences between mixoploids plants induced by 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine and diploid plants (0% and 0.0125% colchicine) during first two juvenile leaves phase. However, this difference did not occur further, and eventually morphology of adult mixoploid plant was not significantly different from control (diploid), which concurred to grading mixoploid grade 2. The mixoploid plants analyzed consist of higher diploids cells than tetraploid.

Induction of Polyploidy in Citrus Rootstocks through In Vitro Colchicine Treatment of Seed-Derived Explants

Polyploidy, frequently observed in citrus species, aids in achieving better adaptation to environmental stresses. In this context, the current work aims to develop stable tetraploids in citrus rootstock cultivars, viz., Rough lemon, Rangpur lime and Alemow, through in vitro colchicine treatments. Seed-derived explants were obtained by culturing sterile seeds on MS basal media. Seedlings with a size of 5–8 mm (hypocotyl) were exposed to colchicine treatment. After treatment, the surviving seedlings were minigrafted onto six-month-old rootstock for better growth. Colchicine concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and control for durations of 16 or 24 h were tested with respect to the induction of polyploidisation. Treatment with 0.1% colchicine for 24 h resulted in high rates of mutation for polyploidisation and showed the highest tetraploid induction percentage (18.3%) in all the rootstock cultivars. High colchicine concentration and long exposure time decreased the survival of the observed seedlings. Flow cytometry and cytological methods were used for confirmation of autotetraploidy in the analysed samples. The surviving seedlings were identified on the basis of morphological and cytological variables, such as leaf area and stomata size, which significantly increased with increasing ploidy level. The proposed method was found to be an effective way to induce the polyploidy in Rangpur lime, Rough lemon and Alemow rootstocks.

Viabilitas Benih Jagung Lokal (Zea mays L.) Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Yang Diberi Perlakuan Kolkisin

Background: Colchicine is a chemical mutagen that has been widely used to increase the viability of a plant. Most of the people of the North Central Timor (TTU) Regency still depend on local agricultural products, so one of the crops cultivated during the rainy season is local corn. This study aimed to determine the viability of local maize seeds in North Central Timor Regency and the appropriate concentration of colchicine to increase local maize germination. Methods: used in this research is an experimental method that gives colchicine treatment to 3 local corn varieties. The colchicine used was 0% (control), 40%, and 60%. The viability parameters observed were maximum growth potential (PTM), germination capacity (DB), and vigor index (IV). Results: showed that there were variations in the measurement of viability parameters observed both at maximum growth potential (PTM JBa 16,6%, JBu 35%, JKa 10%, JKu 8,33%), germination (DB 70%, JBu 81,66%, JKa 60%, JKu 61,66%) and vigor index (IV 68,33%, JBu 78,33%, JKa 63,33%, JKu 68,33%). Conclusions: the appropriate concentrations of colchicine to increase local corn germination were 40% and 60%, respectively. This can be seen in the viability parameters that show differences, namely the maximum growth potential (PTM) of flower corn with a colchicine concentration of 40%, which is 35%, the germination capacity (DB) of flower corn with a colchicine concentration of 60%, which is 90%, and the vigor index (IV) of flower corn. The concentration of colchicine 60% is 90%.

GROWTH AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.) CULTIVAR MERCY F1 HYBRID AND MUTANT POPULATIONS

Phenotypic and genotypic diversity is essential and needs more enhancement in different ways to achieve higher productivity and better quality vegetables. The presented research aimed to study the phenotypic characteristics and determine the genetic diversity of F1 populations compared with the colchicine mutant variants in the Mercy cultivar of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), held from March to May 2019 at the experimental field of the Department of Agrotechnology, Islamic University of Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. A total number of 144 studied plants comprised 72 from each of the two plant groups. The data recorded on various parameters attained statistical analysis using paired T-test at a significant P < 0.05. Comparisons between the cucumber plants of both groups included karyotypes and chromosome shapes, idiograms, and sequencing. The results revealed that, on average, the taller plants came from F1 populations (93.49 cm), followed by mutants of the same cultivar (67.83 cm). The F1 hybrids showed early flowering (29.00 days) compared with colchicine-treated mutants (33.31 days). However, the number of fruits and fruit weight were higher in the mutant variants (9.39 fruits and 1055.39 g), followed by F1 populations. The karyotypes of cucumber cultivar Mercy F1 hybrids and mutants have different chromosomes, especially with the arm size. An idiogram also exhibited differences in chromosome length between the variants of both plant groups, while the primers of trnL-F and trnL-R target sequences were the same with the DNA sequence length. Using mutant cucumber seeds demonstrates a change in phenotypic character to increase fruit production. However, polyploidy did not occur, with genetic alterations measured by the length of chromosome arms. As a result, a future study with increased concentrations of colchicine is imperative to obtain significant chromosomal mutations.