Cohort Study Of Chronic Disease Research Articles

Association Between Urinary Rare Earth Element Levels and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study in the Minority Population of Guangxi in China.

This study aimed to investigate the association between rare earth elements (REEs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We used a cross-sectional design based on the baseline data of the Prospective Cohort Study of Chronic Diseases in Ethnic Minority Natural Population in Guangxi in China. Logistic regression and BKMR models were employed to evaluate the association between REEs and risk of MetS. Although REEs were not significantly associated with MetS, certain elements such as La, Pr, and Nd were negatively associated with abdominal obesity, whereas Ce, Pr, Nd, and Dy were positively associated with hypertension. BKMR models suggested a U-shaped relationship between mixed REEs and MetS, with varying effects on abdominal obesity and high blood pressure. This study suggests that exposure to REEs may be associated with a reduced risk of abdominal obesity and an increased risk of high blood pressure.

Associations of dietary, sociodemographic, and anthropometric factors with anemia among the Zhuang ethnic adults: a cross-sectional study in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

BackgroundAfter decades of rapid economic development, anemia remains a significant public health challenge globally. This study aimed to estimate the associations of sociodemographic, dietary, and body composition factors with anemia among the Zhuang in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.MethodsOur study population from the baseline survey of the Guangxi ethnic minority Cohort Study of Chronic Diseases consisted of 13,465 adults (6,779 women and 6,686 men) aged 24–82 years. A validated interviewer-administered laptop-based questionnaire system was used to collect information on participants’ sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors. Each participant underwent a physical examination, and hematological indices were measured. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select the variables, and logistic regression was applied to estimate the associations of independent risk factors with anemia.ResultsThe overall prevalences of anemia in men and women were 9.63% (95% CI: 8.94–10.36%) and 18.33% (95% CI: 17.42─19.28%), respectively. LASSO and logistic regression analyses showed that age was positively associated with anemia for both women and men. For diet in women, red meat consumption for 5–7 days/week (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65–0.98, p = 0.0290) and corn/sweet potato consumption for 5–7 days/week (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55–0.96, p = 0.0281) were negatively associated with anemia. For men, fruit consumption for 5–7 days/week (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.94, p = 0.0130) and corn/sweet potato consumption for 5–7 days/week (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.46–0.91, p = 0.0136) were negatively correlated with anemia. Compared with a normal body water percentage (55–65%), a body water percentage below normal (< 55%) was negatively related to anemia (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53–0.86, p = 0.0014). Conversely, a body water percentage above normal (> 65%) was positively correlated with anemia in men (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.38–2.17, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsAnemia remains a moderate public health problem for premenopausal women and the elderly population in the Guangxi Zhuang minority region. The prevention of anemia at the population level requires multifaceted intervention measures according to sex and age, with a focus on dietary factors and the control of body composition.

Association between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio and metabolic syndrome based on community residents in Chashan town, Dongguan city

Objective: To analyze the association between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr) and metabolic syndrome among community residents in Chashan town, Dongguan city. Methods: Participants were from the prospective cohort study of chronic diseases in natural populations in South China conducted in Chashan town, Dongguan city from 2018 to 2019. A total of 11 334 participants with complete data were included by using convenient sampling method. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle and health status were collected through questionnaire and physical examination. The venous blood of the subjects was collected to detect the levels of serum uric acid, creatinine and blood lipid. All participants were divided into four groups (Q1-Q4) according to the quartile of SUA/Cr level. The relationship between SUA/Cr and metabolic syndrome and its components (abdominal obesity, high triglyceride, low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension and abnormal glucose metabolism) were analyzed by using logistic regression model. Results: The mean age of 11 334 participants was (49.52±10.02) years. Male participants accounted for 44.2% (5 015/11 334). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31.2% (3 532/11 334), and the level of SUA/Cr was 5.17±1.53. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in group Q1-Q4 was 22.3% (631/2 834), 26.5% (752/2 833), 34.9% (988/2 833) and 41.0% (1 161/2 834), respectively. After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the result of logistic regression model showed that compared with group Q1, the risk of metabolic syndrome in group Q2-Q4 was significantly higher, with OR (95%CI) values about 1.41 (1.23-1.60), 2.19 (1.93-2.49) and 3.01 (2.65-3.42) respectively. The risk of each component of metabolic syndrome in group Q2-Q4 was higher (Ptrend<0.001). The SUA/Cr level of participants with normal uric acid level was significantly positively correlated with metabolic syndrome. The risk of metabolic syndrome increased with the increase of SUA/Cr level, but there was the same trend without significant differences in patients with hyperuricemia (Pinteraction=0.008). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between SUA/Cr level and the risk of metabolic syndrome among community residents in Chashan town, Dongguan city.

Population attributable risk of risk factors for type 2 diabetes; Bayesian methods

ObjectiveDemonstrating the risk factors of diabetes can help to plan for prevention of this disease. This study aimed at quantification of the impact of physical activity, hypertension, general obesity, central obesity, high cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, smoking, hookah, drug use, alcohol consumption on the incidence of type 2 diabetes at a population level in Yazd, Iran. And this study calculated population attributable risk (PAR) of them. MethodsFor this study, data from the first phase of the cohort study of chronic diseases in the adults of Yazd city were used, which began in 2016. Data was recorded through a cohort trained team. To calculate PAR and its the Bayesian confidence interval were performed using software R (version 3.4.3). ResultsOf the 9967 subjects studied, age ≥30, 14.67% (n = 1432) has type 2 diabetes. The most common risk factors for diabetes were Inadequate physical activity and central obesity (WHR). The PAR for Inadequate physical activity of diabetes in women was 17.92%, in men 18.53, And PAR for WHR in women was 57.62%, in men 43.03. ConclusionsIn this study, age was the strongest determinant of diabetes. And then type 2 diabetes is mainly attributable to WHR, significantly more so in women than men. Therefore, central obesity probably should be considered as a major strategy for reducing incidence of type 2 diabetes.

Landmark Linear Transformation Model for Dynamic Prediction with Application to a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Chronic Disease.

Dynamic prediction of the risk of a clinical event using longitudinally measured biomarkers or other prognostic information is important in clinical practice. We propose a new class of landmark survival models. The model takes the form of a linear transformation model, but allows all the model parameters to vary with the landmark time. This model includes many published landmark prediction models as special cases. We propose a unified local linear estimation framework to estimate time-varying model parameters. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed method. We apply the methodology to a dataset from the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension and predict individual patient's risk of an adverse clinical event.

A cohort study of chronic diseases for Mongolian people: Outline with baseline data of the Moncohort study

Many Mongolian people suffer from non-communicable chronic diseases. In order to plan preventive strategies against such diseases, we designed a community-based prospective cohort study of chronic diseases, called the Moncohort study, in Mongolia. This is the first nationwide large-scale cohort study of chronic diseases. This paper describes the study’s rationale, design and methods with baseline data.Mongolian residents aged ⩾40years were selected nationwide from many geographic regions in 2009. Data were collected on demographics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements.In total, 2280 Mongolian residents were registered in the survey. Socioeconomic, lifestyle, anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were differentiated by gender and geographical area in descriptive data. Aging, low social class, physical inactivity and infrequent fruits intake were positively associated with histories of chronic disease in men, while aging was positively associated with histories of chronic disease in women.Factors associated with chronic diseases reveal gender-oriented strategies might be needed for their prevention. Detailed prospective analyses will illustrate the impact of risk factors on chronic diseases and lead to evidence for designing programs aimed at preventing chronic diseases and related disorders in Mongolia.

A cohort study of chronic diseases in a random sample of newly arrived refugees to Southeast Michigan, US

A cohort study of chronic diseases in a random sample of newly arrived refugees to Southeast Michigan, US

Cohort Profile: The electricity generating authority of Thailand study

During the past 30–40 years, there has been a tremendous increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in developing countries. The change from an agricultural to an industrial society, and the introduction of new technology, make people less likely to engage in physical activity and more likely to adopt a sedentary lifestyle. Modern medicine has markedly reduced the mortality from infectious disease and has improved human longevity, consequently leading to more deaths from chronic diseases, particularly cancer and CVD. Thailand, a mediumsized middle-income country, is one of those nations that is encountering this epidemiological transition and is anticipated to experience much greater increases in CVD compared with Western countries over the next 20 years. Observational studies in Western populations suggest that the well-established risk factors for CVD (obesity, diabetes mellitus, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia and cigarette smoking) account for most of the attributable risk for CVD. But the manifestations of CVD and prevalence of its risk factors are often different among Western and Asian populations. For instance, stroke is much more common among many Asian populations compared with the USA or European Union. Most CVD events are potentially preventable through modification of risk factors. To prioritize the preventive measures for maximum benefit, and influence change, a clear understanding of the attribution of risk factors in the local environment is needed. Consequently, following the model of the Framingham study, the first cohort study of chronic disease in Thailand was set up by a group of cardiologists at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, in 1985. Their basic aim was to examine the effects of cardiovascular risk factors, as identified by Framingham and other studies, on health in the Thai population, specifically to see if the same risk factors worked in the same way as elsewhere. Due to issues with contacting participants in a general population setting within Thailand, it was decided to site this study within an occupational workforce. Initial funding was provided by Mahidol University, the Thai Heart Association and the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) corporation. Later, the National Research Council, Thailand Research Fund and Praman Chansue Foundation became major funders.

Community-based participatory research in a large cohort study of chronic diseases among Alaska native adults.

In 2001, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) funded a project to develop methods to recruit American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults for a prospective cohort study of chronic disease risk and protective factors. We describe how the use of community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles led to more effective study design and implementation in a study in Alaska. CBPR elements included collaboration between researchers and tribes at all stages of the project, capacity building through training AI/AN staff in research methods, and knowledge dissemination through presentations, newsletters, and individual and community health feedback based on results of the study. Between March 2004 and August 2006, 3,821 AI/ AN adults from 26 Alaskan communities enrolled in the study. Retention in the study is high, with over 88% of participants successfully completing a 2-year follow-up questionnaire. CBPR methods have facilitated effective development of study methods, recruitment and retention. Efforts are on-going to continue work with this unique AI/AN research participant community.

Community-Based Participatory Research in a Large Cohort Study of Chronic Diseases Among Alaska Native Adults

Background: In 2001, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) funded a project to develop methods to recruit American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults for a prospective cohort study of chronic disease risk and protective factors.

The Shanghai Changfeng Study: a community-based prospective cohort study of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly: objectives and design

The Shanghai Changfeng Study is a community-based prospective cohort study of chronic diseases ongoing since February 2009 in Shanghai, China. The study focuses on multiple chronic diseases, including obesity and metabolic syndrome, diabetes, osteoporosis, liver diseases, cardiovascular diseases and neurologic diseases. 15,000 subjects of 40 years or over are planned to be recruited. The rationale, objectives and design of this study are described in this paper.