Coherent Destruction Of Tunneling Research Articles

Selective Tunneling Dynamics of Bosons with Effective Three-Particle Interactions

The selective coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) of ultracold Bose gas with three-particle interactions in a modulated double-well potential is discussed. It is shown that the effects of two- and three-particle interactions on the dynamics of the selective CDT are strongly coupled and the three-particle interactions significantly modify the selective CDT. For weak three-particle interactions, an upper bound of the boson number for realizing the selective CDT exists and the region of boson number for realizing the selective CDT is enlarged (reduced) with repulsive (attractive) three-particle interactions. For strong three-particle interactions, the boson number in the system for realizing the selective CDT not only has an upper bound, but also has a lower bound. The results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

Tunneling Dynamics of Dipolar Bosonic System with Periodically Modulated s-wave Scattering

Within the mean-field three-site Bose—Hubbard model, the tunneling dynamics of dipolar bosonic gas with a periodically modulation of s-wave scattering is investigated. The system experiences complex and rich coherent tunneling (CT)-coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) transitions resulting from the correlated effect among the next-neighbor dipole-dipole interaction, the on-site interaction and the modulated s-wave scattering. In particular, The region of the modulated s-wave scattering for generating CT (CDT) is the widest (narrowest) when the on-site interaction and the next-neighbor dipole-dipole interaction have some correlated values, which are closely related to the tunneling energy and the interaction energy of the system. The correlated values for appearing CDT can be theoretically gained from the tunneling energy and the interaction energy of the system.

Coherent destruction of tunneling in chaotic microcavities via three-state anti-crossings.

Coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) has been one seminal result of quantum dynamics control. Traditionally, CDT is understood as destructive interference between two intermediate transition paths near the level crossing. CDT near the level anti-crossings, especially the “locking”, has not been thoroughly explored so far. Taking chaotic microcavity as an example, here we study the inhibition of the tunneling via the strong couplings of three resonances. While the tunneling rate is only slightly affected by each strong coupling between two modes, the destructive interference between two strong couplings can dramatically improve the inhibition of the tunneling. A “locking” point, where dynamical tunneling is completely suppressed, has even been observed. We believe our finding will shed light on researches on micro- & nano-photonics.

Coherent destruction of tunneling and dark Floquet state

We study a system of three coherently coupled states, where one state is shifted periodically against the other two. We discover that this system possesses a dark Floquet state that has zero quasi-energy and negligible population at the intermediate state. This dark Floquet state manifests itself dynamically in terms of the suppression of inter-state tunneling, a phenomenon known as coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT). Owing to its different origin from the CDT found in a two-state-driven system, we call it dark CDT. At a high-frequency limit for the periodic driving, this Floquet state reduces to the well-known dark state. Our results can be generalized to systems with more states and be verified with easily implemented experiments within the current technologies.

Coherent Destruction of Tunneling of Dipolar Bosonic Gas

The tunneling dynamics of a dipolar bosonic gas with repulsive interactions in a periodically driven triple-well are investigated. Because of the coupled effect of long-range dipole-dipole interaction and the short-range of on-site interaction, the increase of the repulsive atomic interactions can either suppress tunneling or enhance tunneling and, thus, the system experiences rich coherent tunneling(CT)-coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) transitions. In particular, as the repulsive atomic interactions increase, the system can undergo CT-CDT-CT-CDT or CDT-CT-CDT-CT-CDT transitions. This cannot occur in non-dipolar gas, where the increase of the repulsive atomic interaction only suppress tunneling and the system can only undergo CT-CDT transition. We further present a good understanding of the results with the help of the quasi-energy spectrum of the system.

Coherent destruction of tunneling with optimally designed polychromatic external field

A suitably designed polychromatic field with a very low field strength and low frequency (∼10-5 atomic unit) can bring about coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) in a symmetric double well system. It is analyzed that in the presence of an external perturbation the difference of energy between the two lowest quasi-energy states may increase or decrease depending on the spatial and temporal nature of the perturbation. We have designed sets of polychromatic fields both spatially symmetric and antisymmetric, which cause CDT in symmetric double well system. A stochastic optimizer (Simulated Annealing) has been used to design such a polychromatic field periodic in time. Both spatial symmetry preserving or symmetry breaking perturbations may cause CDT for a symmetric double well potential.

Role of a nontrivial quantum phase in the dynamical band gap collapse

In the quasi-one-dimensional lattice system with a band gap, the effective magnitude of the gap may be reduced, and even collapsed, by applying a monochromatic oscillating external field. The internal relationship between this dynamical band gap collapse (BGC) and the well-known coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) in the periodically driven two-state model is clarified from a unified point of view. The destructive interference between the resonant scattering paths plays an essential role in both the dynamical BGC and the CDT. This leads to the suppression of the Bragg reflection in the momentum space for the dynamical BGC, and to the suppression of tunneling in the coordinate space for the CDT.

Floquet analysis of the modulated two-mode Bose-Hubbard model

We study the tunneling dynamics in a time-periodically modulated two-mode Bose-Hubbard model using Floquet theory. We consider situations where the system is in the self-trapping regime and either the tunneling amplitude, the interaction strength, or the energy difference between the modes is modulated. In the former two cases, the tunneling is enhanced in a wide range of modulation frequencies, while in the latter case the resonance is narrow. We explain this difference with the help of Floquet analysis. If the modulation amplitude is weak, the locations of the resonances can be found using the spectrum of the non-modulated Hamiltonian. Furthermore, we use Floquet analysis to explain the coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) occurring in a large-amplitude modulated system. Finally, we present two ways to create a NOON state (a superposition of $N$ particles in mode 1 with zero particles in mode 2 and vice versa). One is based on a coherent oscillation caused by detuning from a partial CDT. The other makes use of an adiabatic variation of the modulation frequency. This results in a Landau-Zener type of transition between the ground state and a NOON-like state.

Coherent control of quantum tunneling in an open double-well system

We investigate how to apply a high-frequency driving field to the quantum control of a single particle in an open double-well system. The linear stability analysis points out that the stability depends on the external-field parameters and the loss (or gain) coefficients of the system, and the instability leads to a transition of the Floquet quasienergy from real to complex values and results in decaying probabilities for the particle to be in the double well. By combining analytical solutions in the high-frequency approximation with numerical calculations based on an accurate model, we exhibit quantum-dynamical behavior of the particle such as Floquet oscillation, coherent destruction of tunneling, quasi-NOON-state population, partial one-particle tunneling, and the decay of the probabilities of occupation, which are due to the competition and balance between the quantum coherence and the loss (or gain) effect. The results suggest an experimental method for testing quantum motion in an open system by adjusting the driving field.

Coherent destruction of tunneling in a lattice array under selective in-phase modulations

We explore the coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) in a lattice array under selective in-phase harmonic modulations, in which some selected lattice sites are driven by in-phase harmonic oscillating fields and other lattice sites are undriven. Due to the occurrence of CDT, if the driving amplitude $A$ and the driving frequency $\omega$ are tuned to satisfy the zeroth-order Bessel function $J_0(A/\omega)=0$, the driven lattice sites are approximately decoupled with the undriven lattice sites. The CDT even takes place in lattice systems with high-order couplings between non-nearest lattice sites. By using the CDT, we propose a scheme for realizing directed transport of a single particle. It is possible to observe the CDT in the engineered optical waveguide array, which provides a new opportunity for controlling light propagation and designing switch-like couplers.

Charge localization and dynamical spin locking in double quantum dots driven by ac magnetic fields

We investigate electron localization and dynamical spin locking induced by ac magnetic fields in double quantum dots. We demonstrate that by tuning the ac magnetic fields parameters, i.e., the field intensity, frequency, and the phase difference between the fields within each dot, coherent destruction of tunneling (and thus charge localization) can be achieved. We show that in contrast with ac electric fields, ac magnetic fields are able to induce spin locking, i.e., to freeze the electronic spin, at certain field parameters. We show how the symmetry of the Hamiltonian determines the quasienergy spectrum which presents degeneracies at certain field parameters, and how it is reflected in the charge and spin dynamics.

Reconfigurable 3D photonic lattices by optical induction for optical control of beam propagation

We report on our recent theoretical and experimental studies of three-dimensional (3D) photonic lattice structures which are established in a bulk nonlinear crystal by employing different optical induction techniques. These 3D photonic lattices bring about new opportunities for controlling the flow of light via coupling engineering originated from the lattice modulation along the beam propagation direction. By fine tuning the lattice parameters, we observe a host of unusual behaviors of beam propagation in such reconfigurable 3D lattices, including enhanced discrete diffraction, light tunneling inhibition—better known as coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT), anomalous diffraction, negative refraction, as well as CDT-based image transmission. In addition, we propose and demonstrate a new way of creating 3D ionic-type photonic lattices by controlled Talbot effect.

Quantum tunneling switch in a planar four-well system

We investigate the tunneling dynamics of a single atom in a planar four-well potential driven by a high-frequency ac field. The quasienergy spectrum exhibits anticrossing and crossing, which are related to selective coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) with several selectable directions. By using the CDTs of different directions, the switchlike effect is shown for the six tunneling pathways among the four wells. Applying the present results, we suggest a scheme for designing a single-atom quantum motor with the driving field as a quantum starter.

Theoretical analysis of super–Bloch oscillations

Numerous theoretical and experimental studies have investigated the dynamics of cold atoms subjected to time periodic fields. Novel effects dependent on the amplitude and frequency of the driving field, such as Coherent Destruction of Tunneling have been identified and observed. However, in the last year or so, three distinct types of experiments have demonstrated for the first time, interesting behaviour associated with the driving phase: i.e. for systems experiencing a driving field of general form $V(x)\sin (\omega t + \phi)$, different types of large scale oscillations and directed motion were observed. We investigate and explain the phenomenon of Super-Bloch Oscillations (SBOs) in relation to the other experiments and address the role of initial phase in general. We analyse and compare the role of $\phi$ in systems with homogeneous forces ($V'(x)= const$), such as cold atoms in shaken or amplitude-modulated optical lattices, as well as non-homogeneous forces ($V'(x)\neq const$), such as the sloshing of atoms in driven traps, and clarify the physical origin of the different $\phi$-dependent effects.

Qubit-oscillator system under ultrastrong coupling and extreme driving

We introduce an approach to studying a driven qubit-oscillator system in the ultrastrong coupling regime, where the ratio $g/\Omega$ between coupling strength and oscillator frequency approaches unity or goes beyond, and simultaneously for driving strengths much bigger than the qubit energy splitting (extreme driving). Both qubit-oscillator coupling and external driving lead to a dressing of the qubit tunneling matrix element of different nature: the former can be used to suppress selectively certain oscillator modes in the spectrum, while the latter can bring the qubit's dynamics to a standstill at short times (coherent destruction of tunneling) even in the case of ultrastrong coupling.

Quasienergy spectrum and tunneling current in ac-driven triple quantum dot shuttles

The dynamics of electrons in ac-driven double quantum dots have been extensively analyzed by means of Floquet theory. In these systems, coherent destruction of tunneling has been shown to occur for certain ac field parameters. In this work we analyze, by means of Floquet theory, the electron dynamics of a triple quantum dot in series attached to electric contacts, where the central dot position oscillates. In particular, we analyze the quasienergy spectrum of this ac-driven nanoelectromechanical system as a function of the intensity and frequency of the ac field and of external dc voltages. For strong driving fields, we derive, by means of perturbation theory, analytical expressions for the quasienergies of the driven oscillator system. From this analysis, we discuss the conditions for coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) to occur as a function of detuning and field parameters. For zero detuning, and from the invariance of the Floquet Hamiltonian under a generalized parity transformation, we find analytical expressions describing the symmetry properties of the Fourier components of the Floquet states under such a transformation. By using these expressions, we show that in the vicinity of the CDT condition, the quasienergy spectrum exhibits exact crossings which can be characterized by the parity properties of the corresponding eigenvectors.

Instability inducing directed tunnelling of a single particle in a bipartite lattice

For a high-frequency-driven particle held in a bipartite lattice with two different separations, a and b, we construct analytical solutions which quantitatively describe the directed motions, and investigate the physical mechanism of the selective tunnelling. It is shown that if the effective tunnelling rates across a and b are the same, the system displays delocalization and coherent destruction of tunnelling. When the two tunnelling rates are adjusted to go through the values of the same magnitude and opposite signs, the system loses its stability which enables directed tunnelling of the particle to be coherently manipulated. The quantitative results could be useful for controlling the transport characterization of a particle in a bipartite superlattice material.

Particle-hole symmetric localization in optical lattices using time modulated random on-site potentials

The random hopping models exhibit many fascinating features, such as diverging localization length and density of states as energy approaches the bandcenter, due to its particle-hole symmetry. Nevertheless, such models are yet to be realized experimentally because the particle-hole symmetry is easily destroyed by diagonal disorder. Here we propose that a pure random hopping model can be effectively realized in ultracold atoms by modulating a disordered onsite potential in particular frequency ranges. This idea is motivated by the recent development of the phenomena called "dynamical localization" or "coherent destruction of tunneling". Investigating the application of this idea in one dimension, we find that if the oscillation frequency of the disorder potential is gradually increased from zero to infinity, one can tune a non-interacting system from an Anderson insulator to a random hopping model with diverging localization length at the band center, and eventually to a uniform-hopping tight-binding model.

Controlling transport and entanglement of two particles in a bipartite lattice

We consider two Bose particles held in a bipartite lattice with two different separations fitting the nearest-neighbor tight-binding approximation. Applying a strong driving field of high frequency and a large interaction intensity, we analytically construct entangled Floquet states and slowly varying Rabi-oscillation states of the system. Under the interaction-independent and interaction-dependent conditions of the selective coherent destruction of tunneling, we propose a scheme for manipulating separated and co-site transports of the two particles in the same or opposite directions. The results could be useful for transporting quantum information carried by a few particles in a bipartite superlattice.

Multifrequency spin resonance in diamond

Magnetic resonance techniques provide a powerful tool for controlling spin systems, with applications ranging from quantum information processing to medical imaging. Nevertheless, the behavior of a spin system under strong excitation remains a rich dynamical problem. In this paper, we examine spin resonance of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond under conditions outside the regime where the usual rotating wave approximation applies, focusing on effects of multifrequency excitation and excitation with orientation parallel to the spin quantization axis. Strong-field phenomena such as multiphoton transitions and coherent destruction of tunneling are observed in the spectra and analyzed via numerical and analytic theory. In addition to illustrating the response of a spin system to strong multifrequency excitation, these observations may inform techniques for manipulating electron-nuclear spin quantum registers.