Coherent Analysis Research Articles

COHERENCE OF THE TETA1-BAND EEG IN A STATE OF RELATIVE REST AND DURING ATTENTION TESTING IN SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TRAIT ANXIETY

Anxiety has a significant impact on the effectiveness of cognitive activity, which may be due to the peculiarities of the organization of voluntary and involuntary attention in individuals with different anxiety. Aim: to examine functional cortical connections in subjects with different levels of trait anxiety in a state of relative rest and when performing an attention test with usage of the coherent analysis of the teta1-band EEG (4–6 Hz). Coherence of teta1-band of EEG was analyzed in subjects (43 people, men aged 19–21 years) with low, medium and high level of trait anxiety (TA, according to C.D. Spielberger) in three experimental situations: the state of relative rest with closed eyes, the initial state before performing the test (with eyes opened) and during the test (red-black tables of F.D. Gorbov). Subjects with high TA in the state of relative rest with their eyes closed had a lower right-hemisphere coherence of the teta1-band EEG in the system of interrelations with focus in the temporal lead. In the initial state, with eyes opened and during test performing, individuals with high TA showed high level of interhemispheric coherence of the teta1-band of EEG. The highest lability of the structure of coherent relationships in the teta1-range of the EEG was observed in subjects with medium TA, who demonstrated an increase mainly in the interhemispheric coherence of most areas of the cortex during the test compared to the initial state. Individuals with high TA were characterized by relative inertia of the structure of coherent relationships in the teta1-range of the EEG at the stages of examination. The results of the study indicate that trait anxiety is one of the factors modulating the organization of neurocognitive networks both in a state of relative rest and during attention testing.

Pass-through Effects of Oil Prices on LATAM Emerging Stocks before and during COVID-19: An Evidence from a Wavelet -VAR Analysis

Vector Auto regression model (VAR) a time -varying parameter is applied to study the effect of oil price shocks on the returns of stocks in the LATAM (Latin American) markets. Coherent Wavelet analysis highlights possibilities of connectedness of the oil price and LATAM stock markets through the presence of different patterns in a time series. The structural demand shocks standard deviations during the COVID-19 era remain high and the pass-through effects on stock returns due to oil prices differ for different time frames. The fundamental linkages are demonstrated due to oil market specific demand. The main motive of the research work is to identify the influence of oil price on stocks and identify the fundamental source of contagion. A random effects model is applied to the panel data of LATAM markets with the Global stock market index, MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International World Index), domestic money market rates and currency exchange rates during the period of study, 15 March 2019 to 31 July 2021 with 684 observations of controlled non-observed characteristics from individual country. The findings of this research recommend the pass-through effect of the oil prices on the stock market returns are based on time frequency. The contribution of this paper helps the policy makers to restore the confidence amongst the investors in the stock markets and strategies to be adopted by the investors to mitigate the risk by ideal portfolio management.

Landscape of sign language research based on smartphone apps: coherent literature analysis, motivations, open challenges, recommendations and future directions for app assessment

Landscape of sign language research based on smartphone apps: coherent literature analysis, motivations, open challenges, recommendations and future directions for app assessment

Morgenländischer Glanz. Eine deutsche jüdische Literaturgeschichte (1750–1850) by Kathrin Wittler

Reviewed by: Morgenländischer Glanz. Eine deutsche jüdische Literaturgeschichte (1750–1850) by Kathrin Wittler Carsten Schapkow Kathrin Wittler. Morgenländischer Glanz. Eine deutsche jüdische Literaturgeschichte (1750–1850). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019. xii + 620 pp. This ambitious, innovative, and highly readable book of 620 pages—one does not want to miss a single page—is a "German Jewish literary history" based on Kathrin Wittler's 2016 dissertation deciphering the trope of Orientalism among Jewish writers—male and female, well-known and less known today—between 1750 and 1850 in the context of their own literary productions. In doing so, this study goes beyond existing works by Hans Otto Horch, Sander Gilman, Jack Zipes, and Andreas Kilcher. As has been well researched, within this time frame, a modern Jewish identity responding to the challenges of the era of emancipation (see, e.g., Michael A. Meyer's 1996 Deutsch-jüdische Geschichte in der Neuzeit) [End Page 202] and a distinct modern German national culture was developing, as well as the emergence of the academic field of (German) Orientalism. By not focusing on the last third of the nineteenth century and beyond, with its unique debates on German Jewish identities, Wittler urges us to pay attention to these eminent earlier debates. Thus, it is the goal of this book to emphasize the connectedness between academic subjects such as Germanistik, Jewish studies, and Orientalism by also applying current discussions on postcolonialism to it. As Wittler argues, Jewish writers did not express an affiliation with the Orient but rather a connection to particular "time spaces of the Orient," which were not exclusively attached to biblical topics. This thorough book is organized into five chapters and a conclusion covering these 100 years of literary history. This is the time frame when ideas and concepts on the emancipation of the Jews in Germany were debated—decisively well before Jews eventually became citizens in 1871. Treatises like the "Civic Betterment of the Jews" (1781) by Dohm led to wide-ranging responses amongst Jews and non-Jews in the belles lettres as well. The introductory chapter, "Orientalism in German Jewish literature," not only describes the scope and goal of the study but also provides a coherent analysis regarding the existing terminology and meaning of a "German Jewish literary history" with an emphasis on German Jewish as a nonhyphenated term. Wittler opens this chapter by raising the question of who (Jewish and non-Jewish authors) and what topics belong to this literature? According to her account, it makes a difference whether one is writing about a nonhyphenated "German Jewish" literature or the hyphenated variant. Instead of asking about the "contribution" of Jewish authors to German literature and looking for traces of "Jewish identity," Wittler "analyzes the literary procedures that were used around 1800 to (self-) attribute Jewish authorship and origin." Without doubt, the relation Jews had with German literature was an intimate one, arguably finding its first peak with Mendelssohn. A central category of analysis throughout her book is what Wittler terms self- or external Orientalism (Selbst und Fremdorientalisierung). Most strikingly, the author convincingly conveys and strengthens the Jewish voice in this regard by not renarrating the multiple existing accounts of Jews' passive modes of adaption. Instead, Jewish authors cultivated an "Oriental splendor" and thus expressed their own Jewish voice. This can be seen in Chapter 2, titled "On the Oriental Spirit of Hebrew Poetry: Jewish Traditions in the Competitive Field of Antiquities." The focus here is on Hebrew poetry as the central point of reference in the intellectual discourses mainly before 1800, which, as Wittler rightly points out, has thus far been widely neglected in scholarship. In these debates, Jewish writers like Mendelssohn, Ephraim, Behr, Kuh, and Ascher helped to establish a literary discourse with a distinct Jewish voice that was built on models of antiquity and that did not perceive Jewish literary traditions as Oriental and foreign to the Western canon but rather as an integral part of it. This Jewish voice has been denied by non-Jewish writers such as Breitenbach, Gleim, and Herder who did not recognize Hebrew writings mainly those of the Bible as part of the classical canon of the Western...

Ultrahigh-Resolution Coherent Spectral Analysis Based on Coherent Receivers

Ultrahigh-Resolution Coherent Spectral Analysis Based on Coherent Receivers

2020 թ.նոյեմբերի 9-ի «Լեռնային Ղարաբաղում կրակի դադարեցման» Եռակողմ հայտարարության իրավաբանական ուժն ու հետևանքները

The aim of the article is to examine and identify the international legal essence of the signed tripartite declaration and the issues related to the legal force of this legal instrument. In addition, the article analyzed the extent to which each paragraph of the tripartite declaration has been applied in practice and the cases of non-application of such provisions in practice. For this purpose, relevant international legal acts and theoretical literature, as well as decisions of international courts, a number of reports and expert opinions were studied. In the course of the study, the authors applied both coherent (analysis, principle of historicity) and special (comparative legal) principles. As a result of the study, we came to the conclusion that the disagreements related to the legal force of the tripartite statement are real, and there are gross violations by Azerbaijan of the articles of the tripartite statement and improper fulfillment of these articles.

Combined Impacts of ENSO and IOD on Streamflow: A Case Study of the Jinsha River Basin, China

This study investigated the combined impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on streamflow under four scenarios: neutral, pure ENSO, pure IOD, and a combination of ENSO and IOD. The Jinsha River Basin (JRB), at the head of the Yangtze River, was used as a case study. By using statistical methods such as coherent wavelet analysis (WTC), we are committed to studying what kind of impact the IOD will have, the difference in impact between ENSO and IOD at different stages, and the difference in impact between ENSO and IOD on the mean and extreme values of runoff, compared with traditional single ENSO event, to provide support for water resource management, especially for reservoir operation. The key results are as follows. (a) Both ENSO and IOD events affect annual and seasonal streamflow in the JRB. (b) The impact of pure IOD events on annual streamflow in the JRB was twice as great as that of pure ENSO events in developing years, whereas the opposite was true in decaying years. (c) The combined impact of ENSO and IOD led to a higher streamflow maximum than the annual or seasonal average streamflow. Conversely, their impact on the streamflow minima was less than 10% during both developing and decaying years, except at Zhimenda Station. (d) Overall, water shortages could be more serious in developing years than in neutral years, and much more attention should be given to flooding control in decaying years. These results can be used as a reference for water resource management concerning agricultural planning and ecological protection in the JRB.

Illusio der Autonomie: Carolin Amlingers Studie über literarische Arbeit

Carolin Amlinger's <i>Schreiben. Eine Soziologie literarischer Arbeit</i> is a large-scale, but still coherent analysis of contemporary literary production in Germany. Inspired by Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, trained in critical theory, and based on interviews with authors she interpreted using qualitative methods, Amlinger combines three approaches: a history of the (West) German literary market and the development of the literary public sphere from 1871 to the recent present, an account of institutions in the present-day German literary scene, and an analysis of the habitus of contemporary authors. Amlinger shows how literary work today is characterized by a blurring of the boundaries between market and public. According to her observation, this development goes hand in hand with an essentialization of authorship – an understanding that justifies precarious work with the promise of creative self-realization. As the review argues, this results in an analytical balancing act: on the one hand, to show how literary writing and the notion of it are reshaped, and at the same time to remain sensitive to the resistance of literary practices and to concepts of authorship that oppose a neoliberal notion of labor. Amlinger's refraining from complementing authors' self-conceptions with observations of actual practices and the products of literary labor make it difficult for the study to consistently pursue both perspectives.

Analysis of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the volatility of the RUONIA interest rate: wavelet coherent analysis

The results of the assessment of wavelet coherence and wavelet phase difference for the considered pairs of indicators: the daily number of newly registered patients with Covid-19 and RUONIA; daily number of deaths from Covid-19 and RUONIA, show very similar dynamics of both pairs, which occurs in accordance with the same patterns (patterns) and indicate a high level of wavelet coherence (consistency of joint changes) and phase difference during the provoked Covid-19 market stress over most of the time and frequency scale, especially in the 80+ day frequency band. It has been established that for all considered pairs of indicators, the area with the minimum value of wavelet coherence and, accordingly, joint consistency, is mainly represented in the frequency band of 30–50 days, throughout the entire time interval (458 days).

Introducing the Business Judgment Rule in Select Countries of the Arabian Gulf

Examining the corporate practices of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) member states, this paper demonstrates the imperative that GCC nations implement rational board practice models and improve current laws and regulations that pertain to corporate boards of directors. GCC member countries increasingly need to diversify revenue-generating streams; improved corporate board practices are likely to increase income from foreign corporations and investments. Rational board policies protect board members from frivolous challenges related to legal culpability because they operate on a “good faith” model, augmenting corporate growth. Providing a coherent analysis of the business judgment rule, a significant as pect of rational board practices, this paper examines how the rule has worked in the United States and provides a standard for GCC countries to emulate. Shifting domestic policies to this rational model will promote foreign investments and result in financial stability, benefits that current reform practices initiated by the GCC have not yet accomplished.

Dynamics of Judges' Considerations in The Determination Of Marriage Dispensation at The Enrekang Religion Court

The main study in this thesis is the dynamics of judges' considerations in determining the dispensation of marriage at the Enrekang Religious Court. Ideally, marriages are carried out in accordance with existing regulations, but there are still opportunities provided by the state for prospective brides and families/guardians of prospective brides who still wish to enter into underage marriages. Data at the Religious Court of Enrekang every year there has been an increase in marriage dispensation cases being handled in the last 4 years. In 2017, 35 cases were received, in 2018, 36 cases were received, but in 2019 there was a spike in cases as many as 42 cases, this was as a result of the enactment of Law no. 16 of 2019 and in 2020 as of July 10 2020 there have been 70 cases that have been submitted.
 This type of research is field researchqualitative research methods through normative juridical and sociological juridical approaches.The paradigm of this research is constructivist. Data sourceprimary is the determination of marriage dispensation andthe testimony of the judges, while secondary data comes from scientific books, accredited journals, theses, dissertations and documents related to the object of research. The research instruments are observation guidelines, interview guidelines and documentation tools.Data collection techniques areobservation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Data processing techniquesby describing it in the form of sentences that are orderly, coherent, logical, not overlapping and effectivewhile data analysis includes:data checking, classification, verification, data analysis, conclusion. As for tthe technique of testing the validity of the data is using a triangulation technique.
 The results of the study showed that (1) the discrepancy between the applicant's expectations and the request for a marriage dispensation was not granted in accordance with the Marriage Dispensation Stipulation of the Enrekang Religious Court, indicating that there was a social conflict contained in the stipulation. And the applicant still marries her child with her future husband but is not registered at the Office of Religious Affairs or married in an unregistered manner which will have a social impact because there is no recognition from the state, problems in managing population administration and others. (2) The factors considered by the judge in determining the dispensation for marriage at the Enrekang Religious Court are psychological, health, educational and economic factors. (3). The dynamics in determining the marriage dispensation at the Enrekang Religious Court can be seen in the determination of the marriage dispensation, differ from one case to another. Because sometimes judges differ in giving legal considerations to a case. If there is a difference of opinion in an assembly, a vote is made on the case by following the majority vote after going through deliberation. After the entry into force of PERMA No. 5 of 2019 which regulates the settlement of marriage dispensation cases is a single judge, this will reduce the complexity in examining and determining marriage dispensation. This provision has been enforced at the Enrekang Religious Court since the date of its stipulation. If there is a difference of opinion in an assembly, voting will be carried out on the case by following the majority vote after going through deliberation. After the entry into force of PERMA No. 5 of 2019 which regulates the settlement of marriage dispensation cases is a single judge, this will reduce the complexity in examining and determining marriage dispensation. This provision has been enforced at the Enrekang Religious Court since the date of its stipulation. If there is a difference of opinion in an assembly, voting will be carried out on the case by following the majority vote after going through deliberation. After the entry into force of PERMA No. 5 of 2019 which regulates the settlement of marriage dispensation cases is a single judge, this will reduce the complexity in examining and determining marriage dispensation. This provision has been enforced at the Enrekang Religious Court since the date of its stipulation.

Активные процессы в системе вокализма и консонантизма британской орфоэпической нормы RP

The aim of the study is conditioned by significant changes in British Received Pronunciation (RP) and the need to determine its modern norms. The paper presents an attempt to define new permissible norms in the vowel and consonant systems based on data from the authoritative British learner’s dictionaries “Cambridge Dictionaries Online”, “Collins Dictionary”, “Macmillan Dictionary”, “Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries”, “Longman Pronunciation Dictionary”, “The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English”. A coherent analysis of these norms together with the norms of the so-called Conservative or Traditional RP is also carried out. Scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying new orthoepic norms, as well as the phenomena that were not previously characteristic of the vowel and consonant systems of British English (the use of the neutral vowel /ə/ in an unstressed syllable). The obtained results have demonstrated that in Modern RP, there is an active process of gradual replacement of the Conservative RP norms by the norms of the so-called Advanced RP, which was typical only for the representatives of the younger generation until the early 2000s. As the study shows, the former orthoepic norms are often completely replaced by the new ones when teaching English Received Pronunciation to foreigners.

Guidelines for improving laser targeting device in military

The invention of the laser can rightfully be considered one of the most significant discoveries of the 20th century. At the very beginning of the development of this technology, they already predicted a completely universal applicability, from the very beginning the prospect of solving various problems was visible, even though some tasks were not even visible on the horizon at that time. Monochromatic laser radiation can be obtained in principle at any wavelength, both in the form of a continuous wave with a certain frequency and in the form of short pulses lasting up to fractions of a femtosecond. Focusing on the studied sample, the laser beam is subjected to nonlinear optical effects, which allows researchers to perform spectroscopy by changing the frequency of light, as well as to perform coherent analysis of processes by controlling the polarization of the laser beam. Lasers were initially limited more to scientific research and military applications. The report examines the use of laser targeting. Today there are several areas in which the introduction of laser technology in the military industry follows: air, ground and underground location, communications, navigation systems, rifles, missile defense systems. In the report let’s present some of the applications of lasers, as well as protection of them

Is agent-based modelling the future of prediction?

ABSTRACT This article argues that Agent-Based Modelling, owing to its capabilities and methodology, has a distinctive contribution to make to delivering coherent social science prediction. The argument has four parts. The first identifies key elements of social science prediction induced from real research across disciplines, thus avoiding a straw person approach to what prediction is. The second illustrates Agent-Based Modelling using an example, showing how it provides a framework for coherent prediction analysis. As well as introducing the method to general readers, argument by example minimises generic discussion of Agent-Based Modelling and encourages prediction relevance. The third deepens the analysis by combining concepts from the model example and prediction research to examine distinctive contributions Agent-Based Modelling offers regarding two important challenges: Predictive failure and prediction assessment. The fourth presents a novel approach – predicting models using models – illustrating again how Agent-Based Modelling adds value to social science prediction.

Resolving Galactic binaries using a network of space-borne gravitational wave detectors

Extracting gravitational wave (GW) signals from individual Galactic binaries (GBs) against their self-generated confusion noise is a key data analysis challenge for space-borne detectors operating in the $\ensuremath{\approx}0.1$ to $\ensuremath{\approx}10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mHz}$ range. Given the likely prospect that there will be multiple such detectors, namely Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), Taiji, and Tianqin, with overlapping operational periods in the next decade, it is important to examine the extent to which the joint analysis of their data can benefit GB resolution and parameter estimation. To investigate this, we use realistic simulated LISA and Taiji data containing the set of $30\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ GBs used in the first LISA data challenge (Radler) and an iterative source extraction method called GBSIEVER introduced in an earlier work. We find that a coherent network analysis of LISA-Taiji data boosts the number of confirmed sources by $\ensuremath{\approx}75%$ over that from a single detector. The residual after subtracting out the reported sources from the data of any one of the detectors is much closer to the confusion noise expected from an ideal, but infeasible, multisource resolution method that perfectly removes all sources above a given signal-to-noise ratio threshold. While parameter estimation for sources common to both the single detector and network improves broadly in line with the enhanced signal-to-noise ratio of GW sources in the latter, deviation from the scaling of error variance predicted by Fisher information analysis is observed for a subset of the parameters.

Sankey diagrams for macroeconomics: A teaching complement bridging undergraduate and graduate Macro

There is a widespread call in the academy to teach macroeconomics more homogeneously at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Current state-of-the-art research in macroeconomics obliges teachers of graduate courses to focus on dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models. At the same time, DSGE models have proven too complex for undergraduate-level macroeconomics, which is still grounded on classical model (e.g. IS-LM). In this paper, we propose a tool to bridge the gap between these two conceptual frameworks. Sankey diagrams for macroeconomics provide a coherent graphical analysis representing the aggregate economic activity either defined as in National Accounts, or in classical models, or as an equilibrium outcome of DSGE models. Thus, this tool can be used indifferently in graduate and undergraduate courses providing a guideline for students to recognize the same object of the analysis when jumping from undergraduate to graduate macro.

A machine learning photon detection algorithm for coherent x-ray ultrafast fluctuation analysis.

X-ray free electron laser experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely spaced sets of coherent x-ray pulses to be compared after scattering from a dynamic system at different times. This enables the study of fluctuations in many-body quantum systems at the level of the ultrafast pulse durations, but this method has been limited to a select number of examples and required complex and advanced analytical tools. By applying a new methodology to this problem, we have made qualitative advances in three separate areas that will likely also find application to new fields. As compared to the “droplet-type” models, which typically are used to estimate the photon distributions on pixelated detectors to obtain the coherent x-ray speckle patterns, our algorithm achieves an order of magnitude speedup on CPU hardware and two orders of magnitude improvement on GPU hardware. We also find that it retains accuracy in low-contrast conditions, which is the typical regime for many experiments in structural dynamics. Finally, it can predict photon distributions in high average-intensity applications, a regime which up until now has not been accessible. Our artificial intelligence-assisted algorithm will enable a wider adoption of x-ray coherence spectroscopies, by both automating previously challenging analyses and enabling new experiments that were not otherwise feasible without the developments described in this work.

Principal microbial groups: compositional alternative to phylogenetic grouping of microbiome data.

Statistical and machine learning techniques based on relative abundances have been used to predict health conditions and to identify microbial biomarkers. However, high dimensionality, sparsity and the compositional nature of microbiome data represent statistical challenges. On the other hand, the taxon grouping allows summarizing microbiome abundance with a coarser resolution in a lower dimension, but it presents new challenges when correlating taxa with a disease. In this work, we present a novel approach that groups Operational Taxonomical Units (OTUs) based only on relative abundances as an alternative to taxon grouping. The proposed procedure acknowledges the compositional data making use of principal balances. The identified groups are called Principal Microbial Groups (PMGs). The procedure reduces the need for user-defined aggregation of $\textrm{OTU}$s and offers the possibility of working with coarse group of $\textrm{OTU}$s, which are not present in a phylogenetic tree. PMGs can be used for two different goals: (1) as a dimensionality reduction method for compositional data, (2) as an aggregation procedure that provides an alternative to taxon grouping for construction of microbial balances afterward used for disease prediction. We illustrate the procedure with a cirrhosis study data. PMGs provide a coherent data analysis for the search of biomarkers in human microbiota. The source code and demo data for PMGs are available at: https://github.com/asliboyraz/PMGs.

Accuracy versus predictive power in nuclear mass tabulations

The nuclear mass evaluations have been brought into quite an accurate level with the advent of machine learning, while their extrapolations are in great debate as manifested by the large discrepancies between themselves. Here, we present a possible way to heal these existing differences and raise the predictive ability of mass formulas through performing the multi-objective optimization aimed at both the binding energy and the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ decay energy. As exemplified by the microscopically inspired Dulfo-Zuker model, the Pareto optimal solutions are found to guarantee the robust mass predictions especially towards the extreme neutron-rich nuclei plus the coherent statistical analysis. Besides effectively avoiding the overfitting problem, our results shed new light on narrowing the window of symmetry energy in nuclear mass formulas serving not only the reliable nuclear dripline but also the stringent equation of state in asymmetric nuclear matter.

Generation and coherent characteristics analysis of laser phase modulation spectrum by cascaded phase modulators

Generation and coherent characteristics analysis of laser phase modulation spectrum by cascaded phase modulators