Cognitive Terminology Research Articles

Mixed methods research on reflective writing in teacher education.

In this paper, mixed methods research is presented and discussed in the context of research on reflective writing for the professional development of pre-service teachers. First, we present prominent theoretical frameworks to analyze reflective writings. Second, we review relevant methodological approaches of research on reflective writings in teacher education, such as qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. Third, we present a study from our research lab combining qualitative content analysis and linguistic analyses as an example for a concurrent mixed method approach. The results of the qualitative content analysis indicated that 198 reflective writings of pre-service teachers were primarily descriptive and on a low level. Computational linguistic analyses revealed that affective and cognitive terminology utilization in reflective writing differed significantly across the different levels of reflection, with a higher frequency of such terms correlating with deeper levels of reflection. Thus, essential challenges and opportunities of implementing such a mixed method study to analyze reflective writings are illustrated and discussed. Finally, we conclude the paper by discussing on how mixed methods approaches might be further advanced in the field of reflective writing research in teacher education.

Рецензия на коллективную монографию «Новые подходы к анализу структуры и семантики дискурса и терминологических систем» (Пятигорск: ПГУ, 2023. 154 с.)

The monograph discusses the issues of cognitive linguistics, cognitive terminology, linguapragmatics, linguasemiotics and discourse theory. New approaches to the structural and semantic analysis of discourse and terminological systems drawing on the Russian and English language material are considered. The monograph consists of four chapters: “Mediation discourse and PR discourse in the Internet space: some linguistic and pragmatic characteristics”, “The essential characteristic of linguacreativity and the levels of its manifestation in the film discourse”, “The role of colourative terminological elements in the structure and semantics of terminological systems” and “Electronic lexicography and some semantic features of the terminological system of digital photography”. The linguapragmatic characteristics of different types of discourse are given drawing on the material of mediation discourse, PR discourse, and film discourse, the phenomenon of linguacreativity and the levels of its manifestation are described. The paper presents a comprehensive methodological approach to the discourse as a phenomenon, examines the semantic features of terminological units, including their oppositional relations, as well as the specifics of lexicography of terms as one of the ways to order, unify and standardize terminology. The authors use for analysis the terminology systems of botany, zoology, oil and gas production and digital photography in the modern English language. The monograph will be of interest to a wide range of specialists in the fields of cognitive linguistics, discourse theory, and terminology studies.

Concept of «Mystery» and its Realization in the Works of J. Lippard and N. Buntline

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic means expressing the concept of «mystery» in the fictional works of J. Lippard and N. Buntline, the allocation of its socio-cultural component and the field model construction of lexical units representing this concept. The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern linguistics in the study of the conceptual sphere of artistic works of the «urban mysteries» genre by American authors.Methodology and sources. The study was conducted within the framework of a linguistic and cultural approach using methods of description, comparison, interpretative analysis, conceptual analysis, the method of dictionary definitions analyzing, structural and semantic analysis, and the method of quantitative calculations. The illustrative material of the study consisted of more than 74 lexical units representing the «mystery» concept in the language, 45 of which were found in the analyzed works. The material was obtained by the method of directed sampling from the fictional works of American authors of the 19th century.Results and discussion. This article discusses and analyzes various interpretations of the concept of «mystery» by domestic and foreign scientists; defines the role of the concept in the work of fiction as a whole and in the analyzed novels of two authors J. lippard and N. Buntline; identifies the features of the linguistic implementation of the «mystery» concept; classifies the linguistic units of the concept according to their parts of speech, semantics and stylistic coloring; analyzes the writers’ linguistic pictures of the world and the conceptual sphere of their works, the illustrative zone of which reveals the reasons for the similarity not only of the storylines of the works, but also of their lexical content.Conclusion. The study made it possible to describe and illustrate the individual style of American authors of the 19th century through a system of expressive means that correlates the inner world of the writer with the artistic reality, the artistic world of the text created by the «poetic» language. The mental world can be interpreted in cognitive terminology as an individual poetic conceptual sphere, or the conceptual system of the author, consisting of a conceptual, objective, associative, figurative and symbolic layer of the concept. The study showed that the learning of the writer's linguistic picture of the world and the conceptual sphere of the work can be carried out using a field model, analyzing the LSF forming the «mystery» concept. The analyzed LSF is distinguished by a more specific vocabulary composition, the complication of the seme structure of words, the seme expansion and the restructuring of their hierarchy, which together form the artistic worldview of the authors.

Cognitive-semantic analysis of technical terms combinations and their expression for training engineers

This article deals with the issues of cognitive-semantic analysis of words and phrases and their expression for training specialists of technical programms. It is emphasized that linguistic issues are directly related to the problems of ecology, unity of language and thought, and the proportionality of language units to technical terms. The research of training technical issues in a number of linguistic fields such as system structural linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, and the need for an integrative approach to the interpretation of semantic features of technical terms is noted. It is explained that cognitive terminology is a field dealing with human mental activity, linguistic knowledge is the basis in training technical specialists.

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF COGNITIVE TERMINOLOGY

The article provides an overview of cognitive research in terminology. The purpose of the research is to analyze the work on the study of the problems of cognitive terminology that arose under the influence of the anthropocentric paradigm, to show the difference between traditional terminology and cognitive terminology, to determine the main provisions of cognitive terminology. The importance of the idea of studying terms from a cognitive point of view can be seen in the following: firstly, the cognitive aspect allows you to study the term from the point of view of cognitive terminology, secondly, cognitive terminology helps to understand the complex and contradictory nature of the term, directs terminologists to study the internal laws of the term, thirdly, cognitive research in terminology promotes the study of a term from a new perspective. The problem of formation, preservation and transfer of professional knowledge from generation to generation through terminological units in the context of the dynamic development of modern science and technology determines the relevance of research work. From a cognitive point of view, terminology is considered as the result of cognitive activity of a specialist, in which professional knowledge is conceptualized and verbalized. The article analyzes the scientific papers that served as the basis for the emergence of cognitive terminology. In these works, we are talking about the theoretical and practical significance of cognitive terminology as cognition and the linguistic picture of the world, the unity of the processes of categorization and naming, discourse and professional discourse, the cognitive-informational nature of the term, everyday and scientific knowledge, professional knowledge.

Evaluating Reflective Writing in Pre-Service Teachers: The Potential of a Mixed-Methods Approach

Reflective writing is a relevant aspect of pre-service teachers’ professionalization. Evaluating reflective writing in teacher education is demanding due to a shortage of resources. Hence, this study explores the practical possibilities of evaluating reflective writing using a mixed-methods approach to analyze reflective writing from 198 pre-service teachers at a German university. We used qualitative content analysis, computational linguistic approaches, and BERTopic. Results of qualitative content analysis results indicated primarily descriptive and low-level participants’ reflective writing. Next, computational linguistic analyses revealed that affective and cognitive terminology utilization differed across varying levels of reflection, with a higher frequency of such terms correlating with deeper levels of reflection. BERTopic results showed that reflective content mainly centered on learning materials and shifted toward affective and motivational themes related to higher levels of reflection. This study demonstrates that reflective writing can be evaluated across reflection levels and cognitive, affective, and thematic dimensions, combining qualitative content analysis, computational linguistic approaches, and BERTopic.

A Study on the English Translation of the Three-Body Problems’ Terms from the Perspective of Cognitive Terminology

The emergence of the The Three-Body Problem series has reintroduced the marginalized literary genre into the critics’ field of view. The story background of the first part of The Three-Body Problem takes place during the Cultural Revolution. As a masterpiece of Chinese science fiction literature, the English translation of The Three-Body Problem has been studied actively, but the English translation of it is still relatively blank. Taking cognitive linguistics as an entry point, this paper attempts to describe how cognitive linguistics can guide translators to translate, in order to provide theoretical reference for the translation practice of science fiction works.

К ПОНИМАНИЮ ИСТИННОГО И ДОСТИЖИМОГО ЗНАНИЯ В РАМКАХ КОГНИТИВНОЙ ЛИНГВИСТИКИ И КОГНИТИВНОГО ТЕРМИНОВЕДЕНИЯ (памяти Валентины Федоровны Новодрановой)

On August 14 in 2023 Valentina Novodranova, an amazing person and teacher, a terminologist and a specialist in classical philology, an outstanding scientist and the author of more than 260 scientific works published in our country and abroad, passed away. She was the founder of the field of research known as Cognitive Terminology. In her works, we can find insights on the properties of terms and their cognitive nature, on linguistic peculiarities as a means of access to the cognitive database of specialists in certain domains of knowledge. She wrote about professional experience and special kinds of knowledge used in some particular activity of a person and organisation of terminological systems, her ideas tackled with medical terminology and certain knowledge structures characterising this specialised sphere of activity. The most important thing is that it is impossible to describe language and cognitive mechanisms in a deep way without paying attention to dynamic processes in the language system and in close connection with the functioning of linguistic means in specialised discourse. In this article another sphere of interest of Valentina Novodranova is revealed - it is her profound understanding of the philosophy of human experience and cognition. It is connected with the recognition of true and reliable knowledge, thanks to which a scientist is able to achieve success in the cognitive and discursive perspective of terminology science, as well as to present the fundamentals of the source and development of medical knowledge peculiarities. Valentina Novodranova was the keeper of the traditions of the outstanding research school in Russia, which brought together friends from near and far, from home and abroad. A kind and beautiful woman, she was open to new discoveries, gave the joy of warmth and communication. We were always amazed by her tireless energy, her joy of discovery and her desire to share it with others, her ability to lead her students, colleagues and companions.

METHODS OF COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS FOR RESEARCH OF ANIMAL DISEASES TERMINOLOGY

The article considers the main methods of cognitive terminology and t their application to the study of the animal diseases terminology. The study of terms in the cognitive aspect involves the selection and description of their key concepts, the identification of the main categorical features, the unification of identical concepts into categories of this field of knowledge; presentation in the form of schemes (frames) of individual fragments and the entire structure of science as a whole. Among the above-mentioned methods of cognitive linguistics, it is proposed to use categorization, conceptual and frame analyzes and theories of conceptual metaphor. Examples of the study of terms for animal diseases with the application of conceptual analysis methods are given in a complex way, using the method of frame analysis by S. Zhabotynska, which consists in modeling the concept by combining different types of basic frames. The frame approach was used to determine the informational (conceptual) scope of the terminology of animal diseases, since with the help of a frame it is possible to imagine both the structure of a separate concept and the schematic organization of all accumulated knowledge related to animal diseases. It has been established that the names of diseases are structured in the mind of a specialist according to the categories of "space", "object", "causality", "signs", "quantity", "time". Using the selection of epistemological categories, conceptual features of each category and a bank of terminological tools for their display are established. The study of terminology by means of cognitive linguistics involves the method of presenting conceptual metaphor and metonymy, which allows us to reveal the professional world pictures in a certain field. On the basis of the theory of conceptual metaphor, the cognitive mechanisms of metaphor application to terms were considered and the main donor domains that served as a source of metaphorical nominations of animal diseases were clarified. The study of term systems with the involvement of cognitive analysis methods and the construction of specific cognitive models gives a perspective for a more in-depth consideration of their formation processes and functioning. The methods of cognitive terminology provide an opportunity to understand not only the formation and development of professional concepts and categories, but also their hierarchy, organization, and structure.

Russian Cognitive Terms as a Result of Integration Processes in Scientific Discourse

The term system of cognitive linguistics is formed from different areas of knowledge and discursive practices. These terms are usually of English origin. But this system also includes Russian-language words of a commonly used nature, which, as a result of systemthesaurus connections with other terms in scientific communication, acquire the status of a cognitive term. The paper discusses the methodological foundations for understanding these integration processes, which is possible only when considering a system of terms as a form of explication of knowledge at the mental and linguistic levels. The nationwide existence of Russian-language words, possible shades of meaning, which allowed such lexemes to move into a group of terms and replenish the cognitive terminological system, are analyzed. The object of analysis is the original Russian lexemes knowledge and consciousness. The subject of analysis is the components of semantics that have become the basis of the terminological meaning of the indicated lexemes; new systemic connections that arose in the words knowledge and consciousness already as in terms of Russian origin when entering the cognitive terminological system: synonymous, antonymic, hyper- and hyponymic, derivational-epidigmatic. Observation of the functioning of the lexemes knowledge and consciousness in popular and scientific discourses, as well as analysis of the interpretation of these terms in scientific discourse, made it possible to clarify the process of terminology of the commonly used vocabulary of the Russian language. The paper presents the results of using corpus and software tools for modeling the functionality of this knowledge format. The collected information is supported by the results of an associative experiment to verify the data sources obtained through automatic processing. The revealed frequency and specificity of the use of cognitive terms on modern material will allow us to draw meaningful conclusions about a qualitatively new state of cognitive terminology.

Terminology studies: linguocognitive paradigm

The article considers the main tasks of cognitive terminology as a new direction of linguistic research, which is formed at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, and prospects for studying the cognitive potential of terminology in various formats of scientific knowledge. Cognitive (cognitive-discursive) terminology studies the role of terminological units in scientific cognition and thinking, the problem of interaction between the language of science and scientific cognition, the phenomenon of scientific knowledge, its typology and forms of representation in the mental space of the specialist. The study of terminological systems with the involvement of methods of cognitive analysis and the construction of specific cognitive models allows a deeper examination of the processes of their formation and functioning. Methods of cognitive terminology provide an opportunity to understand not only the formation and development of professional concepts and categories, but also their hierarchy, organization, structure. Category – one of the cognitive forms of human thinking, which allows summarizing and classifying existing experience and knowledge. Concept – a dynamic mental formation, the development of which is influenced by the national language, knowledge and experience of man, reflected in psyche; in addition, the concept is the result of cognitive activity of both the scientific community and a specialist, in particular, a veterinarian. Frame – a schematic organization of the data obtained, through which a person learns special information.

Suffix Derivation of Terms in the Veterinary Sublanguage

The article characterizes the peculiarities and cognitive potential of suffixal term derivation in the context of veterinary medicine. Linguistic research and description of the formation of the terminological system of veterinary medicine is relevant, since suffixation as a derivational-cognitive and evolutionary mechanism of the language of veterinary medicine is not sufficiently studied by linguistic science. The research material was a sample of lexicographic data recorded in specialized English dictionaries. The main methods used in our research are the method of semantic analysis of terms, lexicographic analysis, methods of classification and systematization, and the method of derivational analysis of terminological units. Various scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of derivation are presented, which is currently being actively studied as an independent linguistic global process and phenomenon in connection with the development of cognitive terminology and the recognition of the creative function of language in the processes of creating new terminological signs. In the derivational system of the language of veterinary medicine, the most popular is suffixation. The characteristic features of the suffixes of the English-language terminological system of veterinary medicine are, firstly, the stability of categorical affiliation, and secondly, the presence of meaning. The examples given by us unequivocally show that suffixes perform the classification function of determining the conceptual affiliation of a particular veterinary term. Processes of suffixal terminological derivation of substantives in veterinary terminology are important cognitive processes of development of the scientific picture of the world and language as a whole. Analysis of the specificity and role of suffixation in term formation shows a number of important aspects. First, there is a tendency to fix certain suffixes according to separate categories of concepts, in connection with which it is possible to single out groups of suffixes that express the categories of person, procedurality, objectivity, properties. Secondly, synonymy and homonymy of suffix formants are observed. Processes of suffix term derivation have a characteristic property that allows to reflect in the cognitive structure of the term its categorical affiliation, that is, the term belongs to a certain conceptual class.

Representative Terminology in the Field of Human Intelligence (in English and Romanian languages)

The study mainly focuses on compiling a reliable terminological corpus that is included in the domain of human intelligence. We approach two main types of manifesting human intelligence: cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence; with the instrumentalities of a terminological corpus, which we analyze in order to obtain conceptual clarity and with the intention of validating the terms extracted from various specialized sources. Human intelligence is a domain from which technology inspires on a regular basis and a reason for novel studies due to its social and scientific complexity and impact. Cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence remain the most discussed and measured types of intelligence – with IQ and EQ tests, serving also as sources of cognitive terminology shaped by formal and semantic methods of creation, which require an in-depth analysis. These fields allow for enough space for further research and analysis, because it is a source of multiple scientific interests. The terminological corpus compiled helps in tracing cases where terms “migrate” from one type of intelligence into the other. Therefore, our study also addresses its interdisciplinary side, that serves as a strong motivation for further research, which includes compiling an inventory of terms that will help in completing existent terminological recor.

Модель жанра «Руководство по эксплуатации»

The article addresses basic genre parameters of the operations manual and aims to develop its genre model within engineering discourse. Engineering communication is becoming a subject of a special focus for linguists due to its rapid development driven by dynamic changes in technology, society and industry, which results in continuous exchange of information between the members of the engineering society. Despite the significant number of studies in the field of certain institutional discourses, the genre structure of engineering discourse, one of the promising fields of communicative linguistics, is still a research challenge due to insufficient studies of the engineering discourse as well as the professional communication in general. Since discourse is embodied in certain genres, and genres, in turn, are always included into a certain discourse field, the author proposes the idea that the engineering discourse provides a number of core genres which reflect the values, strategies and information of engineering communication. The research is based on the texts of operations manuals for the equipment produced by Russian manufacturers. The analysis of genre parameters and lexical aspects has revealed a number of key characteristics of the operations manual as well as its peculiar linguistic presentation as of a specific genre of engineering communication. The analysis proves that the operation manual genre meets the primary goal of professional communication in the engineering field. The peculiar characteristics of the studied genre are determined by the professional communicative purposes and the situation. The results of the research may be used in university lectures on professional communication, cognitive linguistics and cognitive terminology studies.

Cognitive Models of Concepts Transformation in Some German Sports Terms Borrowed from English

The article examines the linguistic aspects of the process of borrowing terms from the English language into the sports sphere of the German language from the perspective of a cognitive approach. It analyses the features of cognitive interaction of the conceptual systems of professional spheres. The paper describes transformation models of cognitive structures into the recipient language in the process of terminological borrowing on the material of sports Anglicisms of the German language. The study shows that loanwords most often convey a conceptual structure in the recipient language, which is generated on the basis of already existing mental structures in the source language. Various cognitive models of the transformation of the “alien” concept are defined: preserving the original structure of the prototype concept; developing new conceptual features in the recipient language; narrowing the conceptual structure of the concept prototype. The research contributes to the problem of the representation of knowledge in a term, the identification of linguistic and cognitive mechanisms of knowledge representation through borrowed linguistic units. The results can be used in the courses on cognitive linguistics, lexicology, in research practice and lexicographical descriptions, as well as in teaching practical language skills in professional sports. Keywords: Borrowing, terms, sports terminology, cognitive terminology, professional knowledge.

Review of Szawerna (2007): A Corpus-Based Study of Nominalizations Predicated by English Deverbal Nouns In -tion

In A Corpus-Based Study of Nominalizations Predicated by English Deverbal Nouns in -tion, Michal Szawerna presents the results of his PhD research on -tion nominalizations. Szawerna’s approach is couched in the Cognitive Grammar framework as developed primarily by Langacker (1987 and 1991) and fits in with the traditional approach to nominalization in that it is essentially word-based (i.e. it focuses on the word level rather than on the nominalized NP as a whole or the discourse context in which it functions). As in most traditional analyses of nominalization, Szawerna takes the lexical-descriptive and aspectual properties of the base verb as starting point (described in cognitive terms) and then attempts to capture the distinct ‘profiles’ of the derivations in -tion in a schematic network of interrelated meanings. Since there are relatively few publications that have nominalizations as their sole focus (other monographs on nominalization are Marchand 1969; Heyvaert 2003; Nordrum 2007) and even fewer that consider derived nouns in -ion, Szawerna’s book is a welcome addition to the literature. Unfortunately, the carefulness with which the author tackles the issue is obscured by the book’s heavy-going style, long-winded explanations, repetitions and extensive use of abbreviations and cognitive terminology. The overall structure of the book, with only three chapters, two of which take up more than 100 pages, moreover makes for hard reading. Those willing to work their way through it, however, will find a rich overview of subtypes of -ion nominalizations and a serious attempt to map out the semantic intricacies of the -ion nominalization system.

DYNAMICS OF CONCEPTUAL CONTENT THE TERM “EPISTOLAR STYLE”

The article offers an updated interpretation of the term “epistolary style”. Attention to the conceptual meaning of this term is due to the fact that in the Ukrainian functional style it is customary to distinguish between six or seven-component systems. Taking into account or not taking into account epistolary communication in this division of spheres of communication also affects the structure of the style system. It is emphasized that during the twentieth century several paradigms of epistolary style research have changed. Different approaches to outlining its conceptual content – functional, textual, discursive and cognitive – are analyzed. Ways to resolve the discussion of the functional VS genealogical nature of the epistolary style are suggested. An overview of works that testify to the change in the characteristics of the essential features of this functional or genre-style variety of the Ukrainian literary language is presented. It is noted that from the linguistic point of view it is worth considering the correlation of the concept of “epistolary style” with the concept of MEMORY, with the categories of formality / informality, privacy, etc. Among the conclusions it is noted that the Ukrainian linguistic and stylistic terminology is dynamic. The variability of definitions reflects the dynamic stability of the relationship between the phenomenon and scientific concepts. The integrative mutual influence of linguistic stylistics, cognitive linguistics, linguocultural studies, linguistic genealogy is traced on the example of the conceptual meaning of the term “epistolary style”. The article briefly describes the main stable and dynamic features of the epistolary style. It is emphasized that with the constancy of the term “epistolary style” its internal form is changeable. Prospects for the study of the terminology of linguistic stylistics are associated with expanding the basis for the development of historical terminology, as well as deepening the linguistic aspect, ie the study of the associative structure of scientific categories, one fragment of which is knowledge of stylistic features of literary language practice. One of such stimuli in modern linguistics is the actualization of linguistics and cognitive terminology, which affect the interpretation of the conceptual content of linguistic terms.

TERMINOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE «ВЛАДА» (“POWER”) CONCEPT: FRAME BASED ANALYSIS

The concept of power is absolutely central to any understanding of society and human relations. Most people have an intuitive notion of what it means. But what about scientists? How is the power defined in politology? What is the political term влада used for? What are the features of this concept? The present study is aimed to answer, how the concept of power is represented in the scientific language of politologists, which language means are used to represent this notion in the Ukrainian terminology. The research of the concept “power” is carried out from the standpoint of cognitive terminology. It is based on several complementary methods and theoretical approaches, including, but not limited to the frame semantic theory and the theory of conceptual metaphor. Extensive lexical material was used for the investigation. The linguistic data of the study has been obtained from multiple sources such as Ukrainian terminological dictionaries, encyclopedias and scientific texts (monographs, dissertations and scientific articles). The structure of the politological concept “power” is modeled with the help of the frame. It consists of the following basic components (slots): “getting / loosing”, “control”, “subject”, “object”, “instrument” and “result”. All of the slots are represented in the semantic structure of lexical units used to nominate or describe the concepts. The peculiarities of their verbal representation are described. The results obtained in the research may prove to be useful in a much broader context of studies – the inquiry into the principles of human categorization and conceptualization

TERMINOGRAPHY AS A MEDIUM OF A DISCOURSE CONSTRUCTION: DESCRIPTION METHODS OF GENDER TERMS

The following research supports the idea that terms do play a significant role in the construction of a particular discourse as it defines discourse to be an intellectual ghetto with its own term system and methodology. The study deals with one of the principles of Cognitive Terminology, which claims that Traditional Terminology does not provide proper principles and methods of defining the concepts. In particular, gender terms have been considered, i.e. whether it is possible to define the gender terms intensionally and/or extensionally in comparison with traditional Terminology principles. As compared to traditional Terminology, sociocognitive Terminology has more and different theoretical underpinnings which go hand in hand with other methodological tools for the analysis of categories which occur in textual information. We have shown how the sociocognitive approach in Terminology can borrow methodologies from cognitive semantics for at least the following analysis, which implies the description along historical lines of the development of polysemy. The foregoing has an impact on the practice of the terminographer. The different theoretical basis will give him/her a different conception of what terminography should imply.

Wieloaspektowość pojęcia konceptualizacja w gramatyce Ronalda Langackera (spojrzenie z perspektywy użytkownika terminologii kognitywnej)

MULTIASPECTUALITY OF THE NOTION OF CONCEPTUALIZATION IN RONALD LANGACKER’S GRAMMAR: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF A USER OF COGNITIVE TERMINOLOGY
 The paper presents the scope of understanding of the notion of conceptualization, a notion that belongs to the elementary toolbox of R. Langacker’s cognitive grammar. The author shows the different perspectives of viewing conceptualization, and discusses ways of defining the term. By contrasting it with other terms from the paradigm of cognitive semantics (among others, categorization, construal, profiling, conceptualizer, spekaer, addressee, usage event), which Langacker refers to while describing the processes of conceptualization, the paper reveals the placement and status of conceptualization in cognitive grammar.