Cognitive Services Research Articles

Potential eligibility for Aducanumab therapy in an Irish specialist cognitive service-Utilising cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and appropriate use criteria.

ObjectivesAducanumab is a monoclonal antibody which has recently been licenced for use by the food and drug administration for treatment of patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild AD dementia. Appropriate use criteria (AUC) for Aducanumab in clinical practice are available. We look to review patients in our specialist interdisciplinary cognitive service with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD for their hypothetical eligibility for Aducanumab, or a similar anti‐amyloid agent.MethodsRetrospective analysis was undertaken of patients with positive AD‐biomarker CSF analysis. Data available at time of CSF analysis was reviewed to determine hypothetical eligibility for Aducanumab.ResultsSeventy patients had positive AD‐CSF biomarkers. Forty nine of these were seen in the Gerontology‐led service, with 21 in the neurology cohort. Average patient age was 70 years old. Forty patients (57%) met eligibility criteria for Aducanumab therapy by AUC guidelines.ConclusionWe highlight the patients within our service who would be appropriate for Aducanumab or similar anti‐amyloid agents should licencing be granted in the European Union, and the need to develop the resources and capacity to deliver this or other emerging disease modifying AD therapies. Clinical Trial Registration: All patients in the combined cognitive clinic provide consent re willingness to be contacted re research.

Evaluation of cognitive, mental, and sleep patterns of post-acute COVID-19 patients and their correlation with thorax CT.

ObjectiveIn this study, we have evaluated the cognitive, mental, and sleep patterns of post-COVID patients 2 months after their hospitalization, and after scoring their hospitalization thorax CTs, we have compared the degree of the lung involvement with cognitive and mental states of the patients.Materials and methodsForty post-COVID patients were included in our study. Patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 and who had thorax CT scan at the admission were included in the study. Thorax CT scans of the patients were scored using chest severity scoring (CT-SS). The Mini-Mental State Examination test (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Hamilton Depression and Hamilton Anxiety scales of all the participants were evaluated by the same person.ResultsEarly stage cognitive impairment was detected in 15% of post-COVID patients in the MMSE test and mean MMSE test score was 26.9 ± 2.1. The MoCA test detected cognitive impairment in 55% of the patients, and the mean MoCA score was 19.6 ± 5.2. Furthermore, all patients showed depressive symptoms in Hamilton Depression Scoring System and 57.5% of the patients showed anxiety symptoms in the Hamilton Anxiety Scoring System. The mean Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index of the patients was 10.7 ± 3.1, and it was found to be higher than normal. The mean CT-SS scores, which used to evaluate the lung involvement, of the patients were 4.7 ± 5.6. We did not find any correlation between patients’ cognitive tests and CT-SS scores.ConclusionWhen these results are taken into consideration, our study has shown that the neuropsychiatric symptoms of the patients who had COVID-19 continued even after 2 months of their illness. Therefore, long-term rehabilitation of these patients, including cognitive education and psychological services, should be continued.

Extract Rich Information from Images and Video using Custom Vision Cognitive Services

Extract Rich Information from Images and Video using Custom Vision Cognitive Services

Crowdfunding campaigns for paediatric patients: A cross-sectional analysis of success determinants.

BackgroundWe aimed to identify factors of success in medical crowdfunding campaigns on the largest Polish platform: siepomaga.pl.Material and methodsAll campaigns initialised by patients in the years 2009–2017 were included. The data comprised characteristics of the collections: financial target, raised sum, aim, type of disease, Facebook shares, age category, and the exact collection period. Campaign success was defined as collecting the target sum. Emotional expression on the main photograph was analysed using the Azure Cognitive Service. Logistic regression analysis was performed.ResultsFrom a total of 2,656 collections, 1,725 (65%) were successful and 42.4 million EUR were raised in total. 2,024 (76.2%) of campaigns were dedicated to children. Successful collections not only received more donations, but were also supported, on average, with larger payments. Fortunate campaigns asked for less money and ended earlier (all p < 0.001). The odds of success were increased by: at least 50 Facebook shares (OR, 95% CI: 1.75, 1.46–2.10), the receiver being a child (1.46, 1.18–1.80), aim: dream come true (1.53, 1.06-2.20) or suffering from a congenital disease (1.34, 1.08–1.67), whereas financial target of no less than 4000 EUR (0.41, 0.34–0.52), aim: rehabilitation (0.51, 0.41-0.64), psychiatric disease (0.52, 0.38–0.71), and maladies of the eye or the ear (0.56, 0.39–0.81) were associated with campaign failure. After adjustment, dominance of happiness on the main photograph decreased the odds of success (0.71, 0.59–0.86).ConclusionYounger age, lower financial goal, greater exposure on Facebook, aim, disease and emotional expression were associated with success of medical crowdfunding.

Xamã : Optical character recognition for multi-domain model management

The development of systems following model-driven engineering can include models from different domains. For example, to develop a mechatronic component one might need to combine expertise about mechanics, electronics, and software. Although these models belong to different domains, the changes in one model can affect other models causing inconsistencies in the entire system. Only few tools, however, support management of models from different domains. Indeed, these models are created using different modeling notations and it is not plausible to use a multitude of parsers geared toward each and every modeling notation. Therefore, to ensure maintenance of multi-domain systems, we need a uniform approach that would be independent from the peculiarities of the notation. Notation independence implies that such a uniform approach can only be based on elements commonly present in models of different domains, i.e., text, boxes, and lines. In this study, we investigate the suitability of optical character recognition (OCR) as a basis for such a uniformed approach. We select graphical models from various domains that typically combine textual and graphical elements. We start by analyzing the performance of Google Cloud Vision and Microsoft Cognitive Services, two off-the-shelf OCR services. Google Cloud Vision performed better than Microsoft Cognitive Services being able to detect text of 70% of model elements. Errors made by Google Cloud Vision are due to absence of support for text common in engineering formulas, e.g., Greek letters, equations, and subscripts. We identified the multi-line text error as one of the main issues of using OCR to recognize textual elements in models from different domains. This error happens when OCR misinterprets one textual element as two separate elements. To address the multi-line text error, we build Xamã on top of Google Cloud Vision. Xamã includes two approaches to identify whether the elements are positioned on a single line or multiple lines, and merge those identified as positioned on multiples lines. With and without shape detection, Xamã correctly identified 956 and 905 elements, respectively, out of 1171. Additionally, we compared the accuracy of Xamã and state-of-the-art tool img2UML, and we observe that Xamã outperformed img2UML in both precision and recall, being able to recognize 433 out of 614 textual elements as opposed to 171 by img2UML.

Joint optimization of dynamic resource allocation and packet scheduling for virtual switches in cognitive internet of vehicles

The rapidly evolving machine learning technologies have reshaped the transportation system and played an essential role in the Cognitive Internet of Vehicles (CIoV). Most of the cognitive services are computation-intensive or storage-intensive, and thus they are usually deployed in edge or cloud data centers. In today’s data center networks, the virtual machines hosted in a server are connected to a virtual switch responsible for forwarding all packets for the cognitive services deployed on the virtual machines. Therefore, the virtual switches will become a performance bottleneck for cognitive services without an efficient resource allocation and data scheduling strategy. However, the highly dynamic characteristics of cognitive services make the resource allocation and packet scheduling problem for virtual switches surprisingly challenging. To guarantee the performance of cognitive services, we investigate the joint optimization problem of dynamic resource allocation and packet scheduling for virtual switches. We first model the joint optimization problem of dynamic resource allocation and packet scheduling for virtual switches as a mathematical optimization problem. Then, we analyze the problem with Lyapunov Optimization Framework and derive efficient optimization algorithms with performance tradeoff bounds. At last, we evaluate these algorithms on a testbed and a network-wide simulation platform. Experiment results show that our algorithms outperform other designs and meet the theoretical performance bound.

The customer experience in Thailand's multichannel retail environments

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate cognitive and affective customer service in Thailand's maltichannel retail environment. The research used the stimulus–organism–response model of consumer behaviour. The study's theoretical framework incorporated the multichannel service quality framework (Sousa and Voss, 2006) and a decomposed measure of customer experience, including cognitive and affective customer experience (Gao et al., 2021). Outcomes investigated included repurchase intention and word-of-mouth intention.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey of Thai consumers (aged 18 and over) who had purchased from multichannel retailers at least one time in the past year (n = 502) was conducted. Data were collected online and analysed using a structural equation modelling approach.FindingsSignificant factors in cognitive customer experience and affective customer experience included breadth of channel choice, transparency of channel, content consistency and process consistency. Effects differed in strength on these effects. Cognitive customer experience and affective customer experience influenced repurchase intention and word-of-mouth intention, with a stronger effect from affective customer experience.Originality/valueThis research presents an integrative model for customer experience in multichannel marketing, incorporating a well-established model of multichannel service quality and a decomposed measure of customer experience. It also illustrates the difference between cognitive customer experience and affective customer experience, which have different effect sizes from antecedents and different effects on outcome variables. This finding is a significant theoretical advancement.

Cognitive rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis.

Although cognitive impairment is common and disabling in multiple sclerosis (MS), there are no approved pharmacological treatments for it. Fortunately, there is now good evidence that cognitive rehabilitation is effective in MS. However, most healthcare providers are unaware of these treatment options. The aim of this article is to outline theevidence supporting cognitive rehabilitation in MS. Often beneficial as a brief cognitive rehabilitation intervention is the psychoeducational feedback session provided after a neuropsychological assessment. Beyond this, more intensive compensatory and restorative cognitive rehabilitation interventions can be effective in MS. Choosing an intervention will depend on the patients' goals, which may range from specific everyday activity/participation goals to preserving existing cognitive functioning by building up cognitive reserve or delaying further cognitive decline by slowing the underlying neurobiological changes. General practitioners can best assist their patients by understanding the treatment options and facilitating their patients' access to the most appropriate cognitive rehabilitation services available.

The impact of stroke, cognitive function and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) on healthcare utilisation in Ireland: a cross-sectional nationally representative study

BackgroundCognitive impairment after stroke is associated with poorer health outcomes and increased need for long-term care. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of stroke, cognitive function and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) on healthcare utilisation in older adults in Ireland.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved secondary data analysis of 8,175 community-dwelling adults (50 + years), from wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Participants who had been diagnosed with stroke by a doctor were identified through self-report in wave 1. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The main outcome of the study was healthcare utilisation, including General Practitioner (GP) visits, emergency department visits, outpatient clinic visits, number of nights admitted to hospital, and use of rehabilitation services. The data were analysed using multivariate adjusted negative binomial regression and logistic regression. Incidence-rate ratios (IRR), odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are presented.ResultsThe adjusted regression analyses were based on 5,859 participants who completed a cognitive assessment. After adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates, stroke was independently associated with an increase in GP visits [IRR (95% CI): 1.27 (1.07, 1.50)], and outpatient service utilisation [IRR: 1.49 (1.05, 2.12)]. Although participants with poor cognitive function also visited the GP more frequently than participants with normal cognitive function [IRR: 1.07 (1.04, 1.09)], utilisation of outpatient services was lower in this population [IRR: 0.92 (0.88, 0.97)]. PSCI was also associated with a significant decrease in outpatient service utilisation [IRR: 0.75 (0.57, 0.99)].ConclusionsStroke was associated with higher utilisation of GP and outpatient services. While poor cognitive function was also associated with more frequent GP visits, outpatient service utilisation was lower in participants with poor cognitive function, indicating that cognitive impairment may be a barrier to outpatient care. In Ireland, the lack of appropriate neurological or cognitive rehabilitation services appears to result in significant unaddressed need among individuals with cognitive impairment, regardless of stroke status.

Over-the-counter counseling in community pharmacies and job satisfaction among pharmacy professionals: A reflection of current scenario and possible solutions.

Objectives:This study assessed community pharmacist counseling and dispensing practices to determine their relationship with job satisfaction among pharmacists.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and September 2021on a random sample of community pharmacists. The inclusion criteria were licensed community pharmacists with at least3months of professional experience. The researchers conducted face-to-face interviews using a developed structured questionnaire. The research instrument was comprised of two sections: demographic information and dispensing practices. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 24.Results:a total of 543pharmacists participated in this study. The average age of respondents was 31 ± 7 SD. The average dispensing practice score was 75% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of [73.3%, 76.7%]. Better dispensing practices were common among older participants (odds ratio (OR)1.010; 95% CI 1.001–1.020), postgraduates (OR 1.191; 95% CI 1.055–1.344), pharmacists from pharmacy chains (OR 1.452; 95% CI 1.285–1.640), participants with more than 10 years of experience (OR 1.286; 95% CI 1.089–1.520), pharmacists who graduated from regional universities (OR 1.200; 95% CI 1.129–1.497), and pharmacists who graduated from international universities (OR 1.413; 95% CI 1.212–1.648). However, poor dispensing practices were common among participants who were not satisfied with their current community pharmacist job (OR 0.487; 95% CI 0.410–0.577).Conclusion:Patient-centered management strategies oriented toward creating a counseling-friendly environment would open more space to achieve professional self-realization through cognitive services. This could benefit patients via consistent counseling services and increase pharmacists’ satisfaction with their job and profession.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Education. Problems and Opportunities for Sustainable Development

The article is devoted to the application of artificial intelligence in education and highlighting opportunities and problems in the context of sustainable development. The current state of introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process is analyzed. The technologies of artificial intelligence, which are most often used in the educational process are generalized into the following categories: cognitive services; virtual, mixed and augmented reality; Internet of things and peripheral computing; metacognitive scaffolding. The advantages of using the artificial intelligence in educational processes depending on the impact on its beneficiaries are generalized: students, teachers, students’ parents, heads of educational institutions, local governments. It is proved that the learning process can be significantly effective through the use of artificial intelligence technologies and the creation of individual training programs based on the use of analytical data obtained from the application of these technologies. It is found that the main advantage of using artificial intelligence in education is the individualization and personalization of the educational process. The benefits are pointed out which heads of educational institutions and local governments receive from the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process in order to ensure sustainable development, including transparency and accountability of decisions, rational and energy efficient use of resources. Discussion issues of confidentiality and depersonalization of students’ data who are processed by artificial intelligence during the educational process are revealed; it is recommended to differentiate the responsibility for access, storage and use of personal and confidential data by educational institutions. Prospects for further scientific research are outlined - further personalization and individualization of the educational process.

What does nature feel like? Using embodied walking interviews to discover cultural ecosystem services

The development of cultural ecosystem services (CES) concept has progressed beyond the common categories of economic benefits from tourism and recreation, and yet definitions of CES remain vague and often shallow. It is necessary to develop methodologies that can more fully express the depth of meaning of non-material benefits humans receive from nature to both strengthen the conceptual foundation of CES, and to support the evaluation, management, and decision-making processes pertaining to protected areas and other environments. This study demonstrates how embodied interviews, conducted with informants while walking in nature, capture real-time intuitive and grounded perceptions of, and reactions to, four different ecosystem types and their associated services. The results provide a deeper and more nuanced understanding of diverse human-nature relationships and reflect two distinct groups of CES values or themes: general (common across research sites) and local (site-specific). The twelve General CES include cognitive and psychological services, among them calmness and newness, heightened imagination and curiosity, increased energy and motivation, and gaining new perspectives. Local themes differed from one ecosystem to another and included more biodiversity- and geodiversity-related values pertaining to local species and geology, as well as more sensory-based experiences.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND MEDICATION THERAPY MANAGEMENT SERVICES DELIVERY OF COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA.

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and medication therapy management services delivery of community pharmacies in Rivers State, Nigeria.&#x0D; Methodology: Correlational research design was adopted for the study using the survey method. All community pharmacies in Rivers State registered with the Pharmacists Council of Nigerian (PCN) constituted the population of the study and the study had a population of 462 from which a sample size of 214 community pharmacies was determined. The sampling unit of the study were superintendent pharmacists of the community pharmacies. Primary data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire whose reliability tested on the Cronbach Alpha scale using SPSS version 24.0 was 0.810. Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.&#x0D; Results: The findings of the study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between risk taking propensity and medication therapy management services delivery of community pharmacies in Rivers State, Nigeria with R value of 0.915 at p&lt;0.05. The correlation between proactiveness and the delivery of medication therapy management was positive and significant with R value of 0.894 at p-value &lt;0.05 while the correlation between innovativeness and competitive aggressiveness and medication therapy management services delivery was also positive and significant with R values of 0.899 and 0.916 respectively at p-values &lt;0.05.&#x0D; Conclusion: Based on the research findings, the study thus concluded that entrepreneurial orientation (risk-taking propensity, pro-activeness, innovativeness, and competitive aggressiveness) can be considered a potent factor in the sustained delivery of medication therapy management services of community pharmacies.&#x0D; Recommendation: The study recommended amongst others that Community pharmacies/pharmacists in Rivers State should improve in their innovativeness by delivering quality cognitive services.

Older Adults’ Likelihood of Participating in Home-Based Cognitive Assessment

Introduction: Timely detection of cognitive impairment among older adults has shown to lead to better health and financial outcomes but is hampered by psychological, financial, and physical barriers to participation in cognitive assessment. Home-based cognitive assessment (HBCA) could help overcome some of these barriers. This study aimed to examine older adults’ likelihood of participation in HBCA and identify factors predicting this likelihood. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey distributed through Amazon Mechanical Turk, was used to collect data from adults aged 50 years or older residing in the USA The survey was designed to gauge attitudes toward technology and cognitive assessment and to measure psychological variables including subjective cognitive decline (SCD), depression, and anxiety. Information on income and geographic location (rural vs. suburban and urban) was also collected. Univariate and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the contributions of these variables to a composite measure of likelihood of participation in HBCA. Results: Complete data were obtained on n = 483 (age 50–79). Approximately, two-thirds of respondents described themselves as likely or very likely to participate in HBCA. In univariate analyses, younger age, higher income, higher technology assessment acceptance scores, and higher SCD burden were associated with higher likelihood of participation. Hierarchical regression revealed significant stepwise increments in explained variance: demographic variables 4.1%, technology acceptance 25.2%, assessment acceptance 15.4%, and SCD burden 1.6%. The contribution of SCD was moderated by sex and found for women but not for men. Discussion/Conclusion: A large proportion of adults aged 50 and above described themselves likely to participate in HBCA. Middle-aged, technology-savvy, higher income adults expressed the most positive attitudes toward this type of service. Of interest is that HBCA may be particularly acceptable among older women with SCD, a group known to be at risk of cognitive decline. Our findings support the expansion of cognitive assessment services to the home setting.

Cognitive Dependence in Physically Independent Patients at Discharge From Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of cognitive dependence in adults who are physically independent at discharge from acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. DesignAnalysis of historical clinical and demographic data obtained from inpatient stay. SettingInpatient rehabilitation unit in a large, metropolitan university hospital. ParticipantsAdult inpatients with moderate to severe TBI (N=226) who were physically independent at discharge from acute rehabilitation. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresFIM Motor and Cognitive subscales, discharge destination, and care plan. ResultsApproximately 69% (n=155) of the physically independent inpatients were cognitively dependent at discharge from acute rehabilitation, with the highest proportions of dependence found in the domains of problem solving and memory. Most (82.6%; n=128) of these physically independent, yet cognitively dependent, patients were discharged home. Of those discharged home, 82% (n=105) were discharged to the care of family members, and 11% (n=15) were discharged home alone. Patients from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds were significantly more likely than White patients to be discharged while cognitively dependent. ConclusionsThe majority of physically independent patients with TBI were cognitively dependent at the time of discharge from acute inpatient rehabilitation. Further research is needed to understand the effect of cognitive dependence on caregiver stress and strain and the disproportionate burden on racial and ethnic minority patients and families. Given the potential functional and safety limitations imposed by cognitive deficits, health care policy and practice should facilitate delivery of cognitive rehabilitation services in acute TBI rehabilitation.

Students’ Attendance Management in Higher Institutions Using Azure Cognitive Service and Opencv Face Detection &amp; Recognition Attendance System

This research aimed at studying the current methods of attendance used at higher institutions of learning in Uganda and the feasibility of using facial biometrics as a new method of capturing attendance. Facial biometrics is distinct from other biometrics because it can be carried out without the consent of the person involved. As a result, the researcher developed a face recognition attendance system using OpenCV and Microsoft Azure CS. Questionnaires, interviews, and observations were used to capture data for the research. The data were analyzed using SPSS to get the requirements and systems functionalities. Object-Oriented Design tools were used to model the architecture of the system. Data Flow Diagram, Use-Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, and Flow Chart were used for processing whereas Entity Relation Diagram was used for data modeling. The system was designed to facilitate attendance management of a large number of attendees with ease. Efficiency and reliability were essential features of the system. Data visualization was provided to help management make informed and timely decisions on management matters that are related to attendance. The system was developed using python Tkinter, OpenCV, and Azure CS as mentioned above. The data (images) used by the system were stored in the cloud for accessibility by multiple users. The system was tested thoroughly using various testing types to uncover and fix errors and to minimize the severity of failures.

Why am I satisfied? See my reviews – Price and location matter in the restaurant industry

The main purpose of this study is to identify relationships between customers’ service evaluations embedded in online reviews and customer satisfaction and demonstrate the unique role of price and location in the restaurant industry. Approximately 250,000 online reviews of restaurants were analyzed to answer (1) How cognitive and affective evaluations written in a review influence customer satisfaction and (2) How price plays a moderating role in the relationship between text-based service evaluations and customer satisfaction. By incorporating spatial dependency, geographically weighted regression analysis was conducted to identify the pure impact of affective and cognitive evaluations of restaurant services and to develop a sophisticated satisfaction prediction model. This study found the significant impact of cognitive and affective service evaluations on customer satisfaction, which was moderated by price. Moreover, this study highlighted geo-spatial dependency by demonstrating that spatial auto-correlation matters only for restaurants in the lowest ($) and highest ($$$$) price groups.

A Proposed Cognitive Framework Model for a Student Support Chatbot in a Higher Education Institution

The proposed student support chatbot is a framework model that enables the discovery of theoretical and conceptual design. It is aimed at responding to students' frequently asked questions (FAQs) about pedagogical information, including course registrations, fees, exams, course assessments, grades, appeals against the grades, and anything related to students in a higher education institution (HEI). All the student-related information can be implemented as a real-time conversational system on the web or on a mobile platform of any HEI, such as institutional websites, mobile apps, or integrations with their social media like WhatsApp, Twitter, Facebook Messenger, or Instagram. This design intends to provide cognitive services by identifying the benefits, challenges, and various ways of implementation. Most students individually ask the same question repeatedly to their advisors and course lecturers, which could be discussed and explained earlier, in which the faculties are spending too much time responding to their advisees' or students' questions. The cognitive services include different languages for text-based, voice-based, and graphical user interface requests with sensitive as well as non-sensitive requests. Thus, a student support chatbot is recommended for any HEI to minimize the time spent repeatedly answering questions, and this helps the staff, advisors, and faculties utilize the time on other academic performance.

Digital Twin Network for the IIoT using Eclipse Ditto and Hono

Digital twins are beginning to revolutionize many industries in the last decade, offering a plethora of benefits to optimize the performance of industrial systems. They aim to create a continuously synchronized model of the physical system that allows for rapid adaptation to dynamics, primarily to unpredicted and undesired changes. A vast range of industrial domains have already benefited from digital twin technology, such as aerospace, manufacturing, healthcare, city management and shipping. In addition, recent research is beginning to explore the integration of digital twins into computer networks to enable more innovation and intelligent management. One of the building blocks of digital twin technology is the Internet of Things, where wireless sensors and actuators are deployed to provide interaction between the physical and digital worlds. This type of network is complex to manage due to its strong constraints, especially when controlling critical industrial applications, which gave rise to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). We believe that optimizing IIoT will lead to effective integration of digital twins in Industry 4.0. In this paper, we design a Digital Twin Network (DTN) for IIoT where sensors, actuators, and communication infrastructure are replicated in the digital twin to enable real-time intelligent management of these networks. By taking advantage of Eclipse Hono which allows an efficient connectivity for the network devices and Eclipse Ditto for representing the devices states in a digital form and also providing easy access to these states for the DTN. In this way, cognitive network services such as predictive maintenance, sustainability features, network diagnostics, security management, resource allocation, energy optimization can be efficiently integrated and operated in the network lifecycle. We validate the proposed architecture by providing a resource allocation case study where we explain how the Time Slotted Channel Hopping mechanism is exploited in our architecture.

Experience Design for Cognitive Education Based on the SAPAD-AHP Vocational Rehabilitation for Mental Retardation People

Reorganize community functional service modules, construct cognitive services for vocational rehabilitation of mental disorders in care institutions, and improve the level of cognitive vocational rehabilitation for people with disabilities. Integrating the SAPAD model and hierarchical analysis to design and research the process of supported employment for persons with mental disabilities, the study delves into user behaviour, completes the mapping of user's behaviour-object-meaning through the model framework, completes the mapping of meaning-object with core meaning clusters, finds the key behaviour of the user and uncovers the real needs of the user, thus systematically improving the service experience of the childcare institution. The AHP quantitative research method is used to find out the core needs of users and to think about and solve problems in a more objective and comprehensive way. In this way, the SAPAD model is refined and innovations are realised at the methodological level, and finally it is applied to the Mindfulness Supported Disability Service System to provide new ideas for improving the problem of supported employment for people with disabilities.