Use Of Cognitive Reappraisal Research Articles

Affective predictors of social support in individuals with schizophrenia.

Social Support has been found to contribute to lower mental illness burden, higher treatment adherence, enhanced social functioning, and better quality of life. Individuals with schizophrenia report lower social support compared to non-clinical populations, yet the factors contributing to this discrepancy are not fully clear. Specifically, the person-related variables that may enhance or hinder SS in people with schizophrenia are unknown. Evidence from affective neuroscience research has implicated emotion awareness and regulation as key predictors of social functioning, a correlate of social support. However, their potential impact on social support in schizophrenia has not been investigated. We examined emotion awareness, emotion regulation and social support in 90 individuals with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls. The schizophrenia group reported significantly poorer emotion awareness, more frequent use of suppression to regulate emotions, as well as lower social support. Within the schizophrenia group, results from mediation analyses pointed to significant indirect effects of specific emotion regulation strategies on social support through emotion awareness, with use of suppression predicting lower social support via decreased emotion awareness, and conversely, use of cognitive reappraisal predicting greater social support via increased emotion awareness. Notably, emotion awareness was more strongly associated with social support from friends than from family members. The results highlight poor emotion awareness as a key variable critical to enhancing social support in people schizophrenia. We discuss potential mechanisms underlying the links between emotion awareness, emotion regulation, and SS, along with the therapeutic implications of the findings.

The Effect of Emotion Regulation Training on Nurses: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

This study investigated the impact of emotion regulation training on nurses, which is crucial for enhancing their emotional well-being and job performance. We implemented a psychoeducation program to help nurses effectively manage emotional distress and examined how this training affected their use of cognitive reappraisal and suppression strategies. The quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to June 2020, involving 72 nurses (36 in the training group and 36 in the control group) from a university hospital. We used descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA for data analysis. The results indicate that the training group had significantly higher cognitive reappraisal scores than the control group, with scores increasing significantly at post-test, 1 month, and 3 months after training (F = 24.41; p < 0.001). Additionally, suppression scores decreased significantly for the training group compared to the control group. Our findings demonstrate that emotion regulation training is more effective than the control condition for cognitive reappraisal and suppression strategies in the training group. Future research should explore additional strategies to further enhance emotion regulation skills, potentially improving job performance and patient care.

Predicting analog intrusions from neural correlates of immediate and lasting effects of cognitive reappraisal.

Emotional dysregulation is considered as an etiologically relevant factor for posttraumatic stress disorder. The relevance of immediate and lasting effects of cognitive reappraisal, a prominent emotion regulation strategy, and its habitual use for the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms in response to an experimental trauma are therefore investigated in our study. Eighty-five healthy women participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, which included an emotion regulation paradigm prior to the conduction of the trauma film paradigm, which was used to assess the development of analog intrusions. During the first phase of the emotion regulation paradigm, participants were instructed to use two reappraisal tactics (reinterpretation and distancing) to reduce negative feelings toward aversive pictures or to passively watch aversive and neutral pictures. One week later, these pictures were presented again during a passive reexposure phase. Ratings of negative feelings and blood oxygen level dependent responses in regions of interest served as main outcome variables. The habitual use of cognitive reappraisal was assessed by questionnaire. Reduced habitual use and stronger lasting effects of cognitive reappraisal, as indicated by reduced insula activation during reexposure to pictures previously reinterpreted and distanced from, predicted the development of long-term analog intrusions. Stronger lasting effects of both reappraisal tactics for women with long-term analog intrusions seem to result from stronger emotional reactivity processes. Women with long-term analog intrusions in response to an experimental trauma seem to benefit to a greater extent from a cognitive reappraisal training than women without long-term intrusions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Emotion regulation strategies as moderators of the relationship between negative life events and trait anxiety

BackgroundAnxiety commonly occurs after experiencing negative life events. However, the role of emotion regulation strategies in moderating the relationship between negative life events and anxiety remains unclear. The current study 1) examines the associations between emotion regulation strategies and trait anxiety, and 2) explores whether the relationship between negative life events and trait anxiety is moderated by emotion regulation strategies, in particular, adaptative strategies such as cognitive reappraisal. MethodsWe used data from 1384 adolescents and young adults (ages 12–27) who completed measures of negative life events, emotion regulation strategies, and trait anxiety. Emotion regulation was measured using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale – Short Form. ResultsMultiple regression analyses showed that limited access to emotion regulation strategies, difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior, lack of emotional awareness, lack of emotional clarity, nonacceptance of emotional responses, and use of cognitive reappraisal were associated with trait anxiety. Additionally, the positive association between negative life events and trait anxiety was moderated by difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior and use of cognitive reappraisal. Sex differences were apparent for difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior. Age-based analyses revealed that these interactions were specific to young adults. LimitationsLimitations include a cross-sectional design and reliance on self-report measures. ConclusionsLess use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies was associated with greater trait anxiety. Further, the relationship between negative life events and trait anxiety in young adults may depend on one's ability to engage in goal-directed behavior and use cognitive reappraisal.

Interoception, emotion regulation strategies and skin-picking behaviors – Results of an intensive longitudinal study

Compulsive skin-picking is associated with emotion regulation difficulties, whose origins remain unclear. Interoception, plays an important role in effective emotion regulation. This study examined the relationship between interoception, emotion regulation strategies, and skin-picking in 136 individuals (85% women, aged 18–41), including 71 engaging in skin-picking and 65 psychologically healthy controls. We were interested in between-group differences in maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation and aspects of interoception as well as associations of the latter with skin-picking symptoms and use of emotion regulation strategies. At baseline, we assessed habitual emotion regulation strategies (rumination, suppression, distraction, engagement, arousal control, reappraisal) and Interoceptive Sensibility (e.g., emotional awareness, body listening, self-regulation, noticing) through self-report questionnaires. Moreover, Interoceptive Accuracy (IAc) was measured via a Heartbeat Counting Task. Additionally, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) over seven days was used to register use of emotion regulation strategies and the occurrence and severity of skin-picking episodes during that period. At baseline, the skin-picking group exhibited lower IAc, emotional awareness, and higher habitual use of rumination than control group. Lower IAc was associated with higher odds of reporting skin-picking episodes assessed during EMA. Body listening correlated with a reduced sense of control over skin-picking during EMA. In total sample, self-regulation was related to lower odds of using rumination during EMA and noticing with less use of cognitive reappraisal. The study highlights the complex relationship between interoception, emotion regulation, and skin-picking, offering new insights into the mechanisms underlying skin picking disorder.

Factors associated with loneliness, depression, and anxiety during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic was an unparalleled stressor that enhanced isolation. Loneliness has been identified as an epidemic by the US Surgeon General. This study aimed to: (1) characterize longitudinal trajectories of loneliness during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) identify longitudinal mediators of the relationship of loneliness with anxiety and depression; and (3) examine how loneliness naturally clusters and identify factors associated with high loneliness. Two hundred and twenty-nine adults (78% female; mean age=39.5±13.8) completed an abbreviated version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, State Anxiety Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 longitudinally between April 2020 and 2021. Trajectory analyses demonstrated relatively stable loneliness over time, while anxiety and depression symptoms declined. Longitudinal analyses indicated that loneliness effects on anxiety and depression were both partially mediated by perceived stress, while emotion regulation capacity only mediated effects on anxiety. Three stable clusters of loneliness trajectories emerged (high, moderate, and low). The odds of moderate or high loneliness cluster membership were positively associated with higher perceived stress and negatively associated with greater cognitive reappraisal use. Our results demonstrate the important interconnections between loneliness and facets of mental health throughout the early phases of the pandemic and may inform targeted future interventions for loneliness work.

Linking Creative Self-Efficacy and Emotional Exhaustion: Mediation Through Cognitive Reappraisal.

Drawing from the motivational emotion regulation perspective and self-verification theory, this study demonstrates the mechanism linking creative self-efficacy and emotional exhaustion in which cognitive reappraisal serves as a mediator. Study 1 (N = 137) conducted in an experimental setting provided evidence for a causal relationship between creative self-efficacy and cognitive reappraisal. Individuals who have higher creative self-efficacy are more likely than those who have lower creative self-efficacy to engage in cognitive reappraisal because they reinterpret potentially emotion-eliciting situations in a way that reduces their emotional impact. Study 2 (N = 206), a survey study, revealed the indirect effect of creative self-efficacy on emotional exhaustion such that creative self-efficacy drives a mechanism that reduces emotional exhaustion by fostering the use of cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy. Finally, Study 3 (N = 210) verified the mediation mechanism in the experimental setting, suggesting that creative self-efficacy can reduce momentary emotional exhaustion through the mediating effect of cognitive reappraisal. The findings provide implications for the research and practices on emotional exhaustion by highlighting the motivational process underlying emotion regulation.

Parenting under pressure: a cross-sectional questionnaire study of psychological distress, parenting concerns, self-efficacy, and emotion regulation in parents with cancer.

As many as one in four adults with cancer have children under 18 years. Balancing parenting and cancer is challenging and can be a source of psychological distress. This study aimed to examine psychological distress in parents with cancer and its associations with parenting concerns, self-efficacy, and emotion regulation. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire study of 406 parents (aged 25-60 years) diagnosed with cancer within the last 5 years, with at least one dependent child (≤ 18 years). Parents completed questionnaires on psychological distress (DASS-21), parenting concerns (PCQ), self-efficacy (GSE), emotion regulation (ERQ), mental and physical health, and sociodemographics. Data were analysed using multiple logistic regressions on depression (yes/no), anxiety (yes/no), and stress (yes/no). Higher parenting concerns were associated with greater odds of depression (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.64-3.31), anxiety (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.64-3.20), and stress (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 2.20-4.69) when adjusting for health and sociodemographic factors. Poorer self-efficacy was associated with increased odds of anxiety (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99, p < 0.05), whereas lower use of cognitive reappraisal and higher use of expressive suppression increased the odds of depression (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.98 | OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.80). The findings highlight the complexity of parental well-being in relation to parenthood and cancer, stressing the need for interventions that address relevant psychological factors to improve overall mental health in this population.

An Application of the Stressor-Vulnerability Model of Drinking in College Student Drinkers

Background: The stressor vulnerability model provides theoretical support for conditions under which drinking to cope (DTC) is likely to occur (i.e., decreased adaptive coping, increased positive alcohol expectancies). However, research has only tested this model in a college sample reporting trauma. Generalizability to a non-trauma-specific sample college drinkers would support applications of the model and inferences about coping-related drinking across a broader group of young adults. Objectives: Our sample included 565 college student drinkers (M age = 20.3 years; SD age = 2.0 years; 77.0% female; 54.2% White) from a large southeastern university. Mediation analyses examined DTC as a mediator between negative affect and alcohol-related outcomes (i.e., drinking quantity, drinking frequency, binge drinking frequency, and alcohol-related consequences). Moderated mediation models tested the influence of tension reduction expectancies and cognitive reappraisal on mediation pathways. Results: Drinking to cope was found to be a full mediator for associations between negative affect and drinking-related outcomes. For associations between negative affect and alcohol-related consequences, DTC was a partial mediator. For all alcohol outcomes, results indicated the mediation between negative affect and outcomes through DTC is strongest for individuals with greater cognitive reappraisal use. Positive alcohol expectancies did not moderate any indirect effects. Conclusions: Although cognitive reappraisal is typically considered an adaptive emotion regulation technique, our results suggest that this may not always be the case with drinking outcomes. Given our findings, further research is needed to discern the conditions wherein cognitive reappraisal may and may not be adaptive. This could be useful in informing interventions to reduce harmful DTC behaviors.

Emotion malleability beliefs matter in emotion regulation: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Individuals’ beliefs about the malleability of emotions have been theorised to play a role in their psychological distress by influencing emotion regulation processes, such as the use of emotion regulation strategies. We conducted a meta-analysis to test this idea across studies with a focus on the relationships between emotion malleability beliefs and five distinct emotion regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal, suppression, avoidance, rumination, and acceptance. Further, using two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modelling (TSSEM), we examined whether the emotion regulation strategies mediate the cross-sectional relationship between emotion malleability beliefs and psychological distress across studies. Thirty-seven studies were included in the meta-analyses and 55 cross-sectional studies were included in the TSSEM. Results demonstrated that, across studies, emotion malleability beliefs were significantly associated with greater use of putatively helpful strategies (particularly with cognitive reappraisal) and less use of putatively unhelpful strategies (particularly with avoidance). The use of cognitive reappraisal and avoidance partially mediated the relationship between emotion malleability beliefs and psychological distress. These results highlight the importance of considering beliefs about the malleability of emotions in the context of emotion regulation. These findings suggest the potential role of emotion malleability beliefs in interventions for individuals with emotion regulation-related difficulties and psychological distress.

The Lum emotional availability of parents scale among Portuguese adolescents: a psychometric evaluation

ABSTRACT Emotional availability of parents plays a crucial role in the psychological well-being and development of adolescents. However, previous studies have primarily focused on assessing maternal emotional availability. The Lum Emotional Availability of Parents (LEAP) scale was developed, considering both mothers’ and fathers’ emotional availability. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the LEAP scale among Portuguese adolescents (N = 202). The results confirmed the unifactorial structure of the LEAP scale. Convergent construct validity was supported. Specifically, adolescents’ perceptions of higher emotional availability from parents were related to better health-related quality of life. The LEAP scale also demonstrated small but positive associations with emotion regulation, with higher emotional availability being linked to lower use of expressive suppression and greater use of cognitive reappraisal. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the LEAP scale is a valid instrument for assessing adolescents’ perceptions of both mothers’ and fathers’ emotional availability.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Reappraisal and Psychological Well-Being During Early Adolescence: A Scoping Review

During early adolescence, individuals can refine their use of cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy while experiencing instability of psychological well-being through changes to positive affect, negative affect and life satisfaction. This scoping review aimed to identify and summarise the key findings from studies that have examined early adolescent cognitive reappraisal and psychological well-being. Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology, this review yielded 63 studies; 58 studies found a positive relationship between cognitive reappraisal and psychological well-being. Most studies that examined age found no association between the frequency of reappraisal use and age. Findings connected to sex differences and contrasts between discrete emotions were inconsistent. The positive association between cognitive reappraisal and well-being indicates that cognitive reappraisal should be actively promoted in youth contexts. Future research should specify the direction of this relationship, how it develops and how effective the relationship is across sexes and discrete emotions.

Emotion Regulation Mediates the Association Between Child Abuse and Adult Suicidal Ideation: An Exploratory Study

Emotion regulation (ER) problems have been shown to mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidality. However, evidence is sparse regarding specific types of maltreatment and ER strategies involved. ObjectiveTo explore cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression as potential mediators of the association between three types of child abuse (sexual, physical, and emotional) and suicidal ideation. MethodsA cross-sectional design was used. A total of 375 Mexican young adults (77.1% female) responded to an online survey. Measures of child abuse, ER, and suicidal ideation were administered. Three mediation models were tested (one for each type of abuse), each with two mediators (the two ER strategies). The presence of mediation was formally tested through bootstrapping applied to the indirect effects. ResultsExpressive suppression significantly mediated the relationship between two types of abuse (physical and emotional) and suicidal ideation. Also, lower use of cognitive reappraisal mediated the association between sexual abuse and suicidal ideation. ConclusionsStudying different types of abuse and ER strategies separately provides a more complete understanding of how suicidal thoughts develop. This could also affect how interventions are tailored for different groups. The present results can be used as a starting point for further, more detailed research.

Contributing factors to well-being in a sample of long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the role of social support in emotional regulation

ABSTRACT Objectives: To understand why some long-term childhood cancer survivors experience positive adjustment in the long run,[Q1] this study aimed to (1) explore associations between well-being, health status, social support, and emotion regulation (ER) strategies in a cohort of long-term childhood lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) survivors, (2) identify the individual contribution of each ER strategy to well-being (3) and their interaction with social support. Methods: We used data from 92 participants from the PETALE cohort (51% female, aged 24 ± 7 years). Measures included well-being (WHO-5), health status (15D), social support (SSQ-6), cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression (ERQ), and emotional processing and expression (EAC). We modeled the odds of high well-being adjusting for health status in logistic regressions and explored the moderating role of social support with bootstrap techniques. Independent of clinical history, high well-being was associated with better health status, higher social support, more frequent use of cognitive reappraisal and emotional processing. Results: We found a main contribution of emotional processing to well-being (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.09-5.37). The interaction between low suppression and high social support was significant (OR = .40, 95% CI = .13-.79). Probabilities for high well-being were 96% when expressive suppression was low and social support was high. Results suggest approaching one's own emotions may contribute to well-being in long-term childhood cancer survivors. Clinical implications: Combining curbing emotional suppression with promoting supportive social environment could be a promising target for future supportive care interventions in survivors.

Emotion regulation and executive functions in young and older Brazilian adults

Introduction/objective: The healthy aging process involves changes in neurobiological functions at various levels and is associated with a slight impairment in various cognitive domains, such as executive functions (EF), as well as the enhancement of emotional skills. The objective of this study was to compare the use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies in young adults (YA) and older adults (OA) and explore the association between ER skills and EF between age groups. Method: Participants were 40 YA between 18 and 39 years of age (50% women) and 40 OA &gt; 60 years old (50% women), residents in the Federal District, Brazil. Phonological Verbal Fluency (FAS), semantic and switching (animals and fruits) and action tests were administered, along with the Stroop Test. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation of the Cognitive Reappraisal (CR) strategy and both semantic and switching verbal fluency tests in YA, and between the CR strategy and the FAS test and the Stroop Test in OA. That is, executive performance showed a direct relationship with ER in both groups, with greater use of cognitive reappraisal by older adults. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the relevance of continuing to investigate the relationship between these abilities and analysing in greater depth their alterations during the aging process.

GENERATIVITY, COGNITIVE REAPPRAISAL, AND OPTIMIZING SELF-ACCEPTANCE ACROSS MID LIFE AND OLD AGE

Abstract Midlife is an opportune time during which individuals can establish patterns of behavior (e.g., generativity) and self-regulatory processes (e.g., emotion regulation) that will optimize their psychological wellbeing and aging. We sought to test whether: 1.) generativity is directly associated with better self-acceptance, 2.) the effect of generativity is indirect and mediated by emotion regulation (i.e., cognitive reappraisal), and 3.) age moderates associations among generativity, cognitive reappraisal, and self-acceptance. Using data from the second and third waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study (N=935, Mage=54.36, SD=11.05, Range = 34-83, 55.08% Female), results revealed that cognitive reappraisal (β= 0.07, p&amp;lt; .01) and older age (β= 0.06, p= .02) were associated with higher self-acceptance; however, generativity was not, and age did not predict generativity nor cognitive reappraisal. Generativity was associated with more frequent use of cognitive reappraisal (β= 0.16, p&amp;lt; .001), with cognitive reappraisal then significantly mediating the association between generativity and self-acceptance (Natural Indirect Effect= 0.02, SE= .01, p= .02). Age significantly interacted with generativity when predicting self-acceptance (β= 0.39, p= .02), such that the effect of generativity increased with age. These findings are important for reframing midlife as a critical developmental stage during which individuals can engage in behaviors and self-regulatory processes that optimize their self-acceptance throughout the aging process. As age did not moderate most associations, interventions could target generativity to promote effective emotion regulation and cognitive reappraisal to enhance self-acceptance across adulthood and into later life given its positive implications for wellbeing, health, and longevity.

Who cares for those who care? The role of healthcare leaders’ regulation of followers’ emotions on follower job satisfaction

In Australia and worldwide, healthcare is experiencing a workforce crisis, making the maintenance or improvement of job satisfaction a critical focus for healthcare leaders. This study examines how healthcare leaders influence followers’ affective experience by regulating their followers’ emotions. Building on Affective Events Theory and Conservation of Resources Theory, we investigate the influence of leaders’ use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies on follower affect and job satisfaction. Data were collected from 337 healthcare workers and 54 leaders over two timepoints. Leaders’ reappraisal increased followers’ job satisfaction whereas suppression decreased job satisfaction (controlling for followers’ own emotion regulation strategies). These effects were mediated by followers’ affect and moderated by followers’ capacity to cope with change. Our results provide new theoretical and practical insights into how healthcare leaders regulate followers’ emotions. JEL Classification: D23, J24, M50

Facing Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases: The Role of Disease Activity and Parental Emotion Regulation Strategy in Parents' and Children's Psychological Adjustment.

Pediatric rheumatic diseases (PRDs) are a group of chronic disorders that start in childhood and are characterized by periodic exacerbations and remissions of symptoms, with limitations in family, school, and social activities. The aim of this study was to detect differences in parents' psychological adjustment and emotion regulation strategies, and parent-reported children's adjustments in families of children with active and inactive PRDs. Fifty-four parents (38 mothers and 16 fathers) of children with PRD were recruited from a pediatric unit. Disease activity was evaluated by their pediatric rheumatologist, while parents' depressive and anxiety symptoms, emotion regulation strategies, and children's emotional difficulties and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms were assessed through a web-based survey. Parents of children with active PRDs reported higher levels of their child's emotional difficulties and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that having a child in the active phases of PRD and lower use of cognitive reappraisal lead to higher children's emotional symptoms, while active disease, low use of cognitive reappraisal, and greater expressive suppression were associated with higher hyperactivity-inattention symptoms. Our study highlights that children with PRDs and their parents may be at increased risk for psychological problems, especially during the active disease phase, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.

Differences by Emotion Regulation in the Association Between Discrimination and Tobacco Use Among Sexual Minority Young Adults

ABSTRACT Little research has examined factors, such as emotion regulation strategies, that amplify or mitigate associations between discrimination and tobacco use among sexual minority young adults (SMYAs). SM-identifying YA (ages 18–34) women (N = 450; M age = 24.11; 31.1% racial or ethnic minority) and men (N = 254; M age = 24.68; 28.0% racial or ethnic minority) residing in 6 US metropolitan areas were surveyed. Bivariate analyses examined associations of sociodemographics (i.e. age, race, ethnicity, education), discrimination, and emotion regulation strategies (i.e. cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) with tobacco use outcomes (i.e. past 30-day cigarette, e-cigarette, other tobacco [aggregated across cigars, hookah] use). Multivariable logistic regressions were built for each tobacco use outcome and included sociodemographic covariates, discrimination and emotion regulation strategies, and interactions between discrimination and emotion regulation strategies. Among SMYA women, a significant interaction of discrimination and cognitive reappraisal indicated that discrimination was associated with greater odds of past 30-day e-cigarette use only among women with lower levels of cognitive reappraisal. Discrimination and emotion regulation were not significantly associated with tobacco use among men. SMYA women with lesser use of cognitive reappraisal may be at heightened risk for e-cigarette use if they experience discrimination. Tobacco cessation programs for SM women should incorporate emotion regulation skills.

Investigating the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between childhood trauma and alcohol problems in American Indian adults

ObjectiveTo investigate whether use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression interact with childhood trauma burden to predict alcohol problems in a sample of American Indian adults. MethodsFour hundred and twenty-nine American Indian adults (Mean age = 37.62, 59.5 % male) completed an online survey to measure childhood trauma exposure, perceived impact of childhood trauma, trait use of expressive suppression, and alcohol problems in adulthood. ResultsTrait use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression interacted with childhood trauma burden to predict alcohol problems in adulthood. American Indian adults who reported high levels of childhood trauma burden who also reported frequent use of both cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression had significantly more alcohol problems compared to individuals who reported similarly high levels of childhood trauma burden who reported low use of these emotion regulation strategies. ConclusionsThese findings provide initial evidence that emotion regulation interventions which focus on different emotion regulation strategies could be an effective way to offset the risk for alcohol problems associated with childhood trauma.