Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques Research Articles

P39 Virtual reality headset as an alternative to Entonox for intraarticular corticosteroid injection

P39 Virtual reality headset as an alternative to Entonox for intraarticular corticosteroid injection

Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an internet-based self-help intervention to cope with psychological distress due to COVID-19 in the Italian general population: the RinasciMENTE project

BackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the RinasciMENTE program, an Internet-based self-help intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles and techniques in supporting individuals experiencing psychological impairments during the COVID-19 pandemic. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) design with random allocation at the level of individual will be conducted to compare the impact of the RinasciMENTE program with a waiting list control in improving the psychological functioning of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA minimum sample of 128 participants experiencing mild/subthreshold levels of psychological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic will be recruited. After the initial screening, participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control condition. The program will last 2 months, during which participants will receive 8 weekly CBT treatment modules. The impact of the RinasciMENTE program on selected primary and secondary psychological outcomes will be tested at the end of the intervention (2 months) and 6- and 12-month follow-ups.DiscussionWe expect people to show an increased level of psychological functioning and to acquire the skills and self-confidence necessary to deal with the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak and its related social isolation during and following the pandemic.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT0497903 Registered on 28 May 2021

Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Effectiveness in Overcoming Binge Eating Disorder (BED) in Adolescents

This study aims to see the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in reducing binge eating disorder (BED) in adolescents. The research method used is an experimental study, namely a single experimental design in a home setting, where the subject is treated with CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy) techniques to overcome Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Data collection in this study used the methods of observation, interviews and psychological tests (DAP, BAUM, HTP, and SSCT). Data analysis in this study used an evaluation which was also continuously monitored using a monitoring table during the implementation of the intervention. Thus, the success of the CBT intervention was seen based on the achievement of the targets previously agreed upon by the subjects, especially in the Binge Eating Disorder (BED) eating disorder. The results showed that the intervention process in the form of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) which was carried out for 10 days got satisfactory results. This is also consistent with the good prognosis of the subjects. Subjects were able to control their excessive appetite, and even changed their snacks to healthier foods, so as not to interfere with their health.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Plus a Serious Game as a Complementary Tool for a Patient With Parkinson Disease and Impulse Control Disorder: Case Report.

BackgroundImpulse control disorders (ICDs) are commonly developed among patients who take dopamine agonist drugs as a treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). Gambling disorder and hypersexuality are more frequent in male patients with PD, with a prevalence over 4% in dopamine agonists users. Although impulsive-compulsive behaviors are related to antiparkinsonian medication, and even though ICD symptomatology, such as hypersexuality, often subsides when the dopaminergic dose is reduced, sometimes ICD persists in spite of drug adjustment. Consequently, a multidisciplinary approach should be considered to address these comorbidities and to explore new forms of complementary interventions, such as serious games or therapies adapted to PD.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to present the case of a patient with ICD (ie, hypersexuality) triggered by dopaminergic medication for PD. A combined intervention was carried out using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for ICD adapted to PD, plus an intervention using a serious game—e-Estesia—whose objective is to improve emotion regulation and impulsivity. The aim of the combination of these interventions was to reduce the harm of the disease.MethodsAfter 20 CBT sessions, the patient received the e-Estesia intervention over 15 sessions. Repeated measures, before and after the combined intervention, were administered to assess emotion regulation, general psychopathology, and emotional distress and impulsivity.ResultsAfter the intervention with CBT techniques and e-Estesia, the patient presented fewer difficulties to regulate emotion, less emotional distress, and lower levels of impulsivity in comparison to before the treatment. Moreover, the frequency and severity of the relapses also decreased.ConclusionsThe combined intervention—CBT and a serious game—showed positive results in terms of treatment outcomes.

Sport Psychology Consultants’ Views on Working With Perfectionistic Elite Athletes

The purpose of this study was to explore the views and experiences of sport psychology consultants who have worked with perfectionistic elite athletes and, particularly, their views on the use of cognitive behavioral therapy. Semistructured interviews were conducted with four professional sport psychology consultants who identified themselves as having experience of working with athletes they consider to be perfectionistic. Two themes were generated: manifestations of perfectionism and management of perfectionism. The consultants found perfectionistic athletes to have rigid attitudes and strong negative emotional experiences, to use safety behaviors, and to regularly underperform. Cognitive behavioral therapy techniques such as mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, and psychological skills training were most commonly used and were largely viewed as effective against a backdrop of sporting environment that could often encourage athletes to be perfectionistic. The findings highlight the complexity of perfectionism from a consultancy perspective and the potential challenges associated with working with perfectionistic athletes.

Assessment of the quality of mobile applications for smoking cessation and its potential for the modification of psychosocial and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Aim. To analyze the functionality and characteristics of quit smoking applications available to Russian-speaking users using validated scales for its evaluation.Material and methods. Applications were searched in the App Store and Google Play, and a specialized MARS scale was used to evaluate applications. A total of 598 applications were found, of which 54 applications met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study.Results. It was found that 54% of applications use short- and medium-term goals as methods and techniques to increase the likelihood of quitting tobacco, while 31% of applications use various educational materials in order to form a negative attitude towards smoking. In addition, 22% of applications use cognitive and behavioral techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy. A negative moderate correlation was established between the application user rating and MARS score (r=-0,32).Conclusion. The Russian-language anti-smoking mobile applications included in this study demonstrated satisfactory quality on average. A significant number of applications use proven effective cognitive behavioral therapy techniques. At the same time, mobile applications in healthcare has shortcomings, especially in terms of compliance with guidelines, and needs to be further improved.

The role of metacognition, negative automatic thoughts and emotions in migraine-related disability among adult migraine patients

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between problematic metacognitions, negative cognitive content and emotional distress, and migraine-related disability among adult migraine patients. The migraine group consisted of 74 patients. Forty-seven healthy volunteers with similar sociodemographic characteristics were selected as the comparison group. Sociodemographic form, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Automatic Thought Questionnaire, and Metacognition Questionnaire-30 were administered. Our results showed that higher depression, anxiety, stress levels, and negative automatic thoughts are significantly associated with more significant migraine disability. Our data also showed that high levels of depression and increased headache frequency predict migraine-related severe disability. We found that the frequency of headaches over three months and positive beliefs about worry significantly predicted the presence of chronicity in migraine. Our findings may help determine different approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation techniques in treating migraine.

The Advances of Immersive Virtual Reality Interventions for the Enhancement of Stress Management and Relaxation among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

The rapid changes in human contacts due to the COVID-19 crisis have not only posed a huge burden on the population’s health but may have also increased the demand for evidence-based psychological programs delivered through digital technology. A systematic review, following the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines, was therefore conducted to explore the advances in stress management interventions utilizing VR and suggest up-to-date directions for future practice. The relevant literature was screened and the search resulted in 22,312 records, of which 16 studies were considered for analysis. The Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) was also employed to assess the quality of the included studies. The results suggest that VR-based interventions can facilitate positive changes in subjective stress levels and stress-related biomarkers. However, special attention should be paid to the development of rigorous VR protocols that embrace natural elements and concepts deriving from traditional treatment approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy techniques. Overall, this review aims to empower future researchers to grasp the opportunity that the COVID-19 pandemic generated and utilize digital technologies for strengthening individuals’ mental health. Future projects need to conduct large-scale VR studies to evaluate their effectiveness compared to other mental health interventions.

Implementing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Specialty Medical Settings.

This article is an introduction to the second issue of a two-part special series on integrating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) into medical settings. The first issue focused on integrating CBT into primary care, and this issue focuses on implementing CBT in other specialty medical settings, including cancer treatment, HIV care, and specialized pediatric medical clinics. Models for treatment delivery to improve ease of implementation are also discussed, including telehealth and home-delivered treatment. The six articles in this series provide examples of how to transport CBT techniques that are largely designed for implementation in outpatient mental health settings to specialized medical settings, and discuss unique considerations and recommendations for implementation. Reprinted from Cogn Behav Pract, Vol. 21:4, pp. 367-371, with permission from Elsevier. Copyright 2014.

TEKNIK COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY (CBT) DALAM GANGGUAN KEPRIBADIAN BIPOLAR

Bipolar is a form of mental disorder that refers to mood disorders that include emotional disorders that make a person not perform their life functions properly where the sufferer will experience sadness from the phase of depression to euphoria and unrealistic in the mania phase. The goal of the study was to outline how cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) approaches play a role in bipolar disorder as well as counseling techniques through cognitive behavior therapy approaches. Research is done through literature studies by collecting relevant data from books, journals, magazines, and so on. The result of this study is that CBT is present to change the perception of a wrong mindset about a sufferer who has an impact on maladaptive behavior, using CBT techniques, namely: supportive guidance, positive thinking therapy, Socratic method, and thought stopping.

Efektivitas Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Menggunakan Teknik Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian Belajar Remaja

The Effectiveness of Group Guidance Services Using Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) Techniques to Improve Adolescent Learning Independence. This study aims to determine the differences in the learning independence of adolescents in the experimental and control groups after being given group guidance services using cognitive behavior therapy techniques. This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group design. The research subjects were teenagers from the Aisyiyah Orphanage Koto Tangah Ampang, Padang City. Determination of research subjects using the purposive sampling technique. The instrument used in this study was a learning independence scale with an average validity of 0.001 and reliability of 0.938. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and the Kolmogorov Smirnov 2 independent sample. The results showed that there were differences in scores on the pretest and posttest of the experimental group after being given group guidance services using CBT techniques to increase adolescent learning independence. Then, there was no difference in scores in the pretest and posttest of the control group after being given group guidance services without the CBT technique. Furthermore, there are differences in the posttest scores of the experimental and control groups after being given group guidance services using CBT techniques.

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques on Academic Anxiety in Final Year Students

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) techniques on academic anxiety problems that occur in final year students. The object of this research is final year students who have academic anxiety problems. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, where the researcher deepens the problem with the subject through various information about the factors that cause academic anxiety and then after therapy how the changes, so that it will be able to describe how the CBT technique can be implemented. Data collection is done by interviewing counselors. The results showed that the Cognitive Behavior Therapy technique could reduce final-year students’ academic anxiety.

Sleep's role in the development and resolution of adolescent depression.

Two adolescent mental health fields — sleep and depression — have advanced largely in parallel until about four years ago. Although sleep problems have been thought to be a symptom of adolescent depression, emerging evidence suggests that sleep difficulties arise before depression does. In this Review, we describe how the combination of adolescent sleep biology and psychology uniquely predispose adolescents to develop depression. We describe multiple pathways and contributors, including a delayed circadian rhythm, restricted sleep duration and greater opportunity for repetitive negative thinking while waiting for sleep. We match each contributor with evidence-based sleep interventions, including bright light therapy, exogenous melatonin and cognitive-behaviour therapy techniques. Such treatments improve sleep and alleviate depression symptoms, highlighting the utility of sleep treatment for comorbid disorders experienced by adolescents.

Клініко-терапевтичні особливості пацієнтів із шизотиповим розладом з обсесивно-компульсивною симптоматикою

Introduction. The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in modern conditions of high stress and the lack of detailed recommendations for this category of patients determine the relevance of this publication. The emergence of suffering at a young age forms insufficiently adaptive behaviors and complicates the socialization of such persons. And the emergence of these symptoms within different etiological disorders requires the development of differentiated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Materials and methods. The study involved 69 outpatients with leading obsessive-compulsive disorder within schizotypal disorder (F21). The following methods were used: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, clinical-follow-up and mathematical statistics. Patients were examined using psychodiagnostic techniques: clinical scale of obsessions and Yel-Brown compulsions (Y-BOCS - Obsessive-compulsive Scale); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); quality of life scale (Chaban OS, 2008); multidimensional scale of perception of social support ("MSPSS" D. Zimet); questionnaire "Lifestyle Index" ("LSI" by R. Plutchik - G. Kellerman - H. R. Conte), method "Psychological diagnosis of coping behavior strategy" by R. Lazarus. Results. The clinical typology of these symptoms: type of avoidance, type of ambivalence and type of accumulation was studied by processing the clinical scale of obsessions and Yel-Brown compulsions (Y-BOCS) in patients with schizotypal disorder (F21). It was found that these symptoms were accompanied by anxiety and depressive symptoms only at the subclinical level, which indicates a lack of criticism of one’s condition. In patients with the leading obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizotypal disorder, not quite mature variants of the protective structure are actualized, namely, substitution (62.3%), displacement (60.9%), regression (58%) and denial (26.1%). The leading coping strategies of such individuals are self-control (73.9%) and escape-avoidance (55.1%), which differs significantly from the strategies more often used by patients with ACS at the neurotic level. We have proposed a program of comprehensive treatment of this group of patients. Patients were divided into 2 groups, the first of which received a combined (differentiated psychopharmacological interventions and psychotherapy) option of therapy, and the second – only differentiated psychopharmacotherapy. The psychotherapeutic formulation was determined by different focus targets depending on the type of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and consisted of a combination of techniques of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and gestalt therapy (GT). The results of the follow-up study indicate the effective impact of the developed treatment and rehabilitation program on all components of the mental state and social functioning of patients with all types of obsessive-compulsive symptoms of subpsychotic level. Conclusions. The leading types of ACS in schizotypal disorder and features of psychosocial functioning in patients have been identified, which allowed to create a differentiated approach to the formation of a program of their comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation. Such persons need mandatory psychopharmacotherapy and differentiated psychotherapeutic intervention. The application of the program made it possible to improve the mental state and quality of life and achieve the optimal level of adaptation of patients in various spheres of life, increase periods of remission and prevent recurrence of the disorder.

Diagnosis and Management of Perinatal Depression

Perinatal depression is a mood disorder that may occur during pregnancy or within a year after childbirth. It can be disabling for the birthing parent and cause attachment and developmental problems for the infant. A host of risk factors, including genetics, reproductive history, and life experiences, are associated with perinatal depression. With validated screening tools, health care providers can assess individuals, initiate treatment, and/or refer as appropriate. Successful treatment, which may include modalities such as cognitive behavioral therapy and/or pharmacologic therapies, helps individuals maintain a sense of control, develop self-confidence, take control of their thinking, and learn coping skills. Integrative therapies and lifestyle changes have some success but may not be adequate for many individuals. Patients may benefit from providers learning and initiating cognitive behavioral therapy techniques while awaiting therapy.

Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy on the Single Case Study Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

This study is a single case therapeutic intervention based report; we have to design pre and post assessment with the help of some psychological rating tools. The present study examined to the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral and some techniques used of same therapeutic relational approaches, this is a pure or predominant obsession is a subtype of obsessive compulsive disorder case according to (ICD-11 under the categories “Obsessive Compulsive Disorder with fair to good Insight, 6B20.0. Depressive Disorder, GA 34.41. Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 6B00”). This study used based of cognitive behavior, CBT Model, ERP and used multiple therapeutic techniques of Cognitive behavioral therapy. The present study W, 23 yrs old married male came with chief complaints of the multiple blasphemous thoughts, unwanted sexual images running in the mind, unseen images of sexual area of mother and God since 12 years and seen multiple symptoms of the generalized anxiety or depressive psychopathology. Studying in graduation and belong to middle SES according to kuppuswamy scale. He brought by his parents in IMHH, Agra in OPD and done pre assessment before the applied therapy session. His result showed high severity of OCD symptoms. After 3 months again applied same tools, and seen approximately 50% to 55% major reduction his symptoms that further gradually decreased his symptoms and sessions continued till 2 months. Follow-up continued and patient no longer meet the criteria for OCD, Generalized Anxiety disorders and Depressive symptoms.

It's Been Utility All Along: An Alternate Understanding of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and The Depressive Realism Hypothesis

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), one of the most popular schools of psychotherapy, associates mental illnesses such as depression, with patterns of distorted thoughts, referred to interchangeably as "cognitive distortions" or "negative automatic thoughts." CBT's theoretical account claims: first, that these distortions involve various epistemic issues and second, that its therapeutic techniques are capable of rectifying these epistemic issues. Together these claims spell out a model of mental illness and a mechanism of action, that is, a means through which CBT's techniques act to address mental illness. In this paper, I challenge both these claims and thus CBT's epistemic characterization of mental illness and its therapeutic mechanism. I begin with the second claim and show that the ability of CBT's therapeutic techniques to address epistemic issues is likely to be overstated. In turning to the first claim, I show that even if CBT were able to rectify epistemic issues, the thinking of mentally ill individuals is not characterized straightforwardly by epistemic issues. In concluding, I suggest an alternate way in which CBTs account of mental illness and its mechanism should be understood.

The effects of psychological interventions on menopausal hot flashes: A systematic review.

BackgroundMenopause is a normal physiological phenomenon, closely identified with a great deal of physical-psychological symptoms, including hot flashes (HFs) with a prevalence rate of 20-80%. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been thus far practiced to reduce this common symptom of the menopausal transition.ObjectiveThis systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of psychological interventions on menopausal HFs.Materials and MethodsIn this review, the databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, and Scientific Information Database were searched applying the Boolean searching operators as well as the keywords of `hot flashes', `menopause', `psychological intervention', and `vasomotor symptoms'. Accordingly, a total number of 20,847 articles published from January 2000 to June 2019 were retrieved. After excluding the duplicate and irrelevant ones, the risk of bias of 19 clinical or quasi-experimental clinical trials was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.ResultsThe interventions implemented in the studies on menopausal HFs included cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, hypnotherapy, and relaxation techniques. All of the articles reported improvements in HFs in postmenopausal women, except for 4 studies.ConclusionBased on the findings of this systematic review, psychological interventions, especially cognitive behavioral therapy and relaxation techniques, are potentially effective for vasomotor symptoms and HFs in healthy postmenopausal women, although the quality of published research on this topic is sometimes questionable.

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment to Prevent Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Gunshot Wounds.

Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an intervention originally developed to prevent and deter substance abuse. Adaptation of the SBIRT model to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may potentially reduce acute stress symptoms after traumatic injury. We conducted a prospective randomized control study of adult patients admitted for gunshot wounds. Patients were randomized to intervention (INT) vs. treatment as usual (TAU) groups. INT received the newly developed SBIRT Intervention for Trauma Patients (SITP)-a 15-minute session with elements of cognitive behavioral therapy techniques. SITP took place during the index hospitalization; both groups had followup at 30 and 90 days at which time a validated PTSD screening tool, PCL-5, was administered. Most of the 46 participants were young (mean age = 30.5y), male (91.3%), and black (86.9%). At three-month follow-up, SBIRT and TAU patients had similar physical healing scores but the SBIRT arm showed reductions in PTSD symptoms.

Interventions Using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Techniques for Caregivers of People With Stroke (January 1, 1999- December 31, 2019).

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Practice Project. Each Systematic Review Brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This Systematic Review Brief presents findings from the systematic review on stroke and interventions using cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques for caregivers of people with stroke.