Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a learning model that is often used and is believed to be able to improve the skills needed by students in the 21st century. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of PBL on Cognitive and Affective abilities in learning mathematics. This research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) study, in this study 19 relevant articles were selected from the 73 articles collected. The findings from the process of analyzing the article are that PBL can improve students' thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and students' mathematical understanding which also results in a positive impact on student learning outcomes, these abilities are the cognitive aspects of students. PBL also has an influence on students' affective aspects, after getting PBL learning students have learning motivation, self-efficacy, and positive mathematical communication skills.