Cognitive Abilities In Early Childhood Research Articles

Educational Word Box Game Tool To Enhance Cognitive Development In Early Childhood

This study aims to investigate the improvement of cognitive abilities in early childhood by utilizing the educational game "Word Box." The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection methods including Documentation, Interviews, and Observations. Data analysis follows the Miles and Huberman model. The results indicate that the utilization of the educational game "Word Box" has a positive impact on the cognitive development of children through their interaction with the game. There is a significant improvement in cognitive aspects, such as memory skills, understanding, and language usage in children.

Unraveling the effects of maternal breastfeeding duration and exclusive breast milk on children's cognitive abilities in early childhood.

This study investigated the putative associations between mothers' use of exclusive breast milk and the duration of breastfeeding with child cognitive development. This study is based on 2,210 Canadian families with children assessed longitudinally from age 4 to 7 years on their memory-span and math skills. These cognitive abilities were measured with standardized tasks. Breastfeeding practices were collected via maternal reports. We applied propensity scores to control the social selection bias for breastfeeding. Results adjusted for propensity scores and sample weight revealed no significant differences between non-breastfed children with those being non-exclusively breastfed for 5 months or less, and with children being exclusively breastfed for 9.2 months on average, on their early math skills and memory-span. We found that children who were non-exclusively breastfed for 6.8 months on average had a slightly higher levels of memory-span at age 4 than children who were never breastfed, and this small but significant difference lasted up to age 7. Our findings suggest no significant differences between children being exclusively breastfed and those fed with formula on their early math skills and memory-span. The encouragement of breastfeeding to promote child cognitive school readiness may, in some case (non-exclusive breastfeeding for more than 5 months), show a small but long-lasting advantage in early memory-span.

Development of Haber Media Based on Illustrated Number Letters to Early Childhood Cognitive Abilities

This study aims to describe the level of needs, determine the design of Haber's media development in developing AUD cognitive abilities, and determine the effectiveness and practicality of developing Haber's media and guidebooks in developing AUD cognitive abilities. This type of research includes R&D development research. Data collection techniques in this study were conducted using interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The subjects of this study were four teachers in group B. The methods of quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The results show that level of need for Haber's media development is very much needed in developing cognitive abilities in early childhood, the form of the Haber media development design in developing AUD cognitive abilities is designed in the order of preparation of the instrument guidebook for using Haber's media development in developing cognitive skills AUD functional and operational basis, level the practicality and effectiveness of Haber's media development in the development of AUD's cognitive abilities got results from very effective teachers.

Efforts to develop aspects of cognitive ability for early childhood based on Western and Eastern concepts

Cognitive development is one of the important elements for child development. this is where the reasoning lies that the child will go through during his lifetime. This study aimed to discover the efforts in developing aspects of children's cognitive abilities based on western and eastern concepts. The method used is classroom action research using two cycles. Playing activities are carried out to empower all the potential they have so that it is hoped that, in the future, they will be able to actualize themselves in society. Teachers made various efforts to develop aspects of cognitive abilities in early childhood by referring to theories put forward by experts from both western and eastern theories. From the research findings obtained by researchers, namely children accustomed to home visit activities, children's cognitive abilities have reached 75%. Based on the study's results, it was found that in cycle one, the children began to develop and was not yet developing. Then, it was continued with the 2nd cycle to meet the targets set by the researchers, which resulted in the child's cognitive development developing well.

Association between maternal reflective function and preschool children's cognitive abilities.

Children's cognitive abilities (e.g., working memory) are associated with mental health, adaptive behaviors, and academic achievement, and may be enhanced by parental reflective function (i.e., capacity to reflect on mental states, feelings, thoughts, and intentions in one's child and oneself). We evaluated associations between maternal reflective function and children's cognitive abilities alone and while controlling for parent-child attachment and interaction quality, and psychosocial (i.e., maternal depressive symptoms, adverse childhood experiences) and sociodemographic (e.g., socioeconomic status) factors. Our sample, recruited in Canada, was primarily white and included 73 mothers and their 4-5 year old preschool children. Maternal reflective function was measured with the Reflective Functioning Scale applied to the Parent Development Interview and the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses revealed that maternal reflective function was associated with children's cognitive abilities. The Parent Development Interview rated child-reflective function was associated with children's higher verbal comprehension alone and while adjusting for covariates (e.g., parent-child interaction quality, socioeconomic status), and the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire Interest and Curiosity with higher verbal comprehension while adjusting for parent-child interactions and attachment pattern. The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire Certainty in Mental States was associated with higher working memory scores for children while adjusting for covariates. Full Scale IQ and Visual Spatial Index were not significantly associated with maternal reflective function. Associations were found between secure and disorganized attachment with higher verbal comprehension and lower working memory, respectively. These findings highlight the importance of high maternal reflective function to cognitive abilities in early childhood.

Increasing Cognitive Abilities In Early Childhood Through The Patting Method In T.A Al-Manaar Ngabar Group B2

This study was structured with the aim of knowing the effectiveness of using the pat method to improve the cognitive abilities of early childhood in T.A Al-Manaar Ngabar for the academic year 2021/2022, totaling 14 students. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of 2 cycles with each cycle consisting of 4 stages, namely the first stage is plaining (planning), the second stage is acting (implementing). Observing (observation) and the fourth stage is reflecting (reflecting). This research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year, which is from November to December. The subjects of this study were early childhood group B consisting of 14 students. The object of research is physical motor skills and the clapping method. Data collection techniques using observation. Research data obtained during action research until the final assessment of the action. The results showed that the results of the initial test after the action in the first cycle of 14 students there were 7 students (51.66%) experienced an increase, while in the second cycle students (81.66%). Thus the use of the pat method in the theme of introducing the pillars of Islam can improve children's cognitive abilities.

Brief report: bidirectional association of core autism features and cognitive abilities in early childhood.

We explored associations among the core behavioural features and developmental/cognitive abilities of 155 autistic children, assessed between ages 13-67 months and again around 1-year later to understand predictive directionality. Bidirectional, cross-domain association was apparent, albeit with stronger direction of effect from earlier cognition to later autism features (than vice versa). Exploratory sub-domain analysis showed that early non-verbal developmental/cognitive abilities (only) predicted subsequent social- and restricted/repetitive autism features, whereas early social features (only) predicted both subsequent verbal and non-verbal abilities. Although observational study design precludes causal inference, these data support contemporary notions of the developmental interconnectedness of core autism presentation and associated abilities-that behavioural autism features may influence cognitive development, but are likely also influenced by an individuals' cognitive capacity.

The Relationship of Gross Motor Ability to Early Childhood Cognitive Ability

This study aims to find out and explain the picture of gross motor skills in early childhood, cognitive abilities of early childhood and the relationship of gross motor abilities with cognitive abilities in early childhood. The research method used in this study is the correlational method. The sample in this study was 16 grade B students of Tunas Cempaka Kindergarten who had an age of 5-6 years. The data collection instruments in this study used TGMD-2 for gross motor ability and observation sheets for cognitive abilities. The conclusion of the data analysis results is that gross motor ability is in the average category, cognitive ability is in the category of developing according to expectations (BSH) and positively there is a relationship between gross motor ability and cognitive ability in early childhood.

Eskalasi Kemampuan Kognitif Melalui Imaginative Thingking dan Experience Directly

Cognitive is a child's ability to think or know something. Cognitive development refers to the ability of a child to understand something. Cognitive is a process and product of the mind for knowledge in mental activities such as remembering, symbolizing, categorizing, solving problems, creating, and fantasizing. Given the importance of cognitive development for children, teachers and parents are very important and responsible for carrying out educational interactions in developing students' cognitive abilities. The focus of the research in this study is 1) How to improve the cognitive ability of early childhood in the symbolic thinking aspect?, 2) How to increase the cognitive ability of early childhood in the egocentric thinking aspect?, and 3) How to increase cognitive ability in early childhood in intuitive thinking aspect?. This study indicates the escalation of cognitive abilities in early childhood using number cards with the following details: 1) Improved cognitive abilities of symbolic thinking aspects by using imagination techniques (Imaginative Thinking). 2) Increasing the cognitive ability of egocentric thinking by using imagination techniques and egocentric language (Imaginative Thinking and egocentric language). 3) Increasing cognitive abilities in intuitive thinking aspects, namely by providing direct experience to children (experience directly)

MUSIK TRADISIONAL BAGI PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI

This study discusses the music traditional for early childhood to cognitive development. Through music education of children can develop a variety of cognitive abilities, especially in the cognitive development. Based on some of theories cognitive ability in early childhood in a musical activity able to develop well because of the music, children will be interested to learn. Music is important to someone, especially children who are still happy to move freely and play. Based on the theory that music will help explain the cognitive development of children. Fact music can give a good impact on the brain development of infants and children if he hears music playing softly, rhythmically quiet and not loud.

Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Melalui Bermain Eksperimen

This study aims to improve the cognitive abilities of early childhood aged 5-6 years through playing experiments in science at Nur Annisa Ciracas School, East Jakarta, the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year. This research is a classroom action research. This research method is a classroom action research which refers to the model of Kemmis Taggart. This study consisted of II cycles where each cycle included 4 stages, namely planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research implementation time was 2 months, namely August and September with 12 students as research subjects, while the data were collected through observation, interview and observation. Based on the research results in cycle I and cycle II, there was an increase in cognitive abilities through playing science experiments. This is evidenced by the increase in the average value per class in cycle I = 60.06% and an increase of 20.14% in cycle II = 80.20% which has exceeded the 75% success criteria. This study concluded that playing science experiments can improve cognitive abilities in early childhood.

Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and cognitive ability in early childhood

BackgroundPrenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children, but evidence remains mixed regarding sex differences in this association. ObjectiveTo examine the prospective association between prenatal PBDE exposure and cognitive ability in young children, as well as potential sex differences. MethodsThe study was conducted in a multi-site Canadian pregnancy cohort recruited in 2008–11. PBDEs were measured in maternal plasma samples collected early in pregnancy. Cognitive ability was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III) in children at age 3 years (mean = 3.4). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association between maternal PBDE plasma concentrations (lipid-standardized and log10-transformed) and Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQ scores on the whole sample and stratified by sex, adjusting for confounders. ResultsThe sample was composed of 592 children (291 boys and 301 girls). A tenfold increase in maternal blood PBDE concentration (sum of BDE-47, −99, −100, and −153) was associated with lower Full Scale scores in boys (−3.4 points; 95% CI: −7.0, 0.1), after adjusting for confounders. BDE-47 was the congener with the highest concentrations in maternal blood and a tenfold increase in exposure was associated with significantly lower Full Scale IQ scores in boys (−4.4 points; 95% CI: −7.9, −0.9), after adjusting for confounders. Verbal and Performance IQ scores were similarly associated with PBDE exposure. Maternal blood PBDE concentrations were not associated with IQ scores in girls. ConclusionsPrenatal exposure to background levels of PBDEs, especially BDE-47, was associated with lower IQ scores in boys, but not in girls. Our results support that exposure to PBDEs during early development may be sex-dependent and detrimental to a child’s neurodevelopmental trajectory.

Development of Traditional Creative Game Models to Improve Cognitive Ability in Early Childhood: A Preliminary Study

A critical aspect of children's development is cognitive aspect. To accumulate this aspect can be done by applying a traditional game model at the kindergarten level. The purpose of this study is to explore the needs of teachers in developing traditional creative play models to improve the cognitive aspects of children. The method used in this study is a qualitative method using interviews and observations as research instruments. There are several essential points in the findings of this study, namely (1) the cognitive abilities of children who are still lacking, (2) the lack of teachers who use play media in the form traditional games, (3) the learning process is still impressed in teacher-centred learning or learning that is dominated by the role of the teacher in the classroom, (4) many teachers still use conventional methods (lectures & storytelling) so that only one-way responses occur, and (5) ) teachers need a game model for children that is interesting, fun, and not boring. These findings indicate the need for teachers to design traditional creative play models that can improve children's cognitive abilities.

The Impact Of Wonder Share Quis Creator Application To Improve Cognitive Abilities in Early Childhood

This study aims to know the effect of the Wonder Share Quis Creator Application towards the Children’ Cognitive Ability of Aged 5-6 Years in B2.. This studywas experimental research, with the form of one-group pretest-posttest design. The study population was B1 and B2. The sample of the study included a B2 group consisting of 16 children. The study instruments used in the study were tests and documentation. The test in the form of a Wonder Share Quis Creator game that used a computer consists of 15 items that have been valid. Data analysis techniques using the normality test, and hypothesis testing using t-test. The results of calculation of hypothesis testing which showed that tcount (11.17) > ttable (2,131). Where the table was calculated with a 5% confidence level was 2,131. So, the results of testing the hypothesis were significant, then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. So from the results of these test data it can be concluded that the Wonder Share Quis Creator Application Affects The Children’s Cognitive Abilities of Aged 5-6 old.

The Role of Executive and General Cognitive Functioning in the Attention Problems of Very and Extremely Preterm Adults.

To determine whether the attention problems in adults born very preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW; <32 weeks' gestation/<1500 g) or extremely preterm (EP; <26 weeks' gestation) are associated with specific executive or general cognitive deficits. Cohorts of VP/VLBW (the Bavarian Longitudinal Study [BLS]) and EP (the EPICure Study) participants were followed from birth to early adulthood, each also following a respective control group. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were assessed via self-report in both cohorts and additionally by parent report in the BLS. Participants in both cohorts also had their attention span rated by trained observers. Performed separately in each cohort, hierarchical regression analyses were used to assess whether the association between preterm birth status and attention problems remained after accounting for executive functioning (inhibitory control and working memory) in adulthood, childhood intelligence score (IQ), or sex. In the discovery cohort of the BLS, significant differences were found between VP/VLBW adults and controls for parent-rated inattention (p < 0.001). However, for self-reported measures of ADHD, no significant differences were found in the BLS or in the EPICure replication cohort. In both cohorts, observer-rated attention spans were lower for VP/VLBW and EP participants in comparison to their respective control groups (p < 0.001). In final models for the BLS, inhibitory control and childhood IQ were significantly associated with parent-rated inattention symptoms (p < 0.006), whereas working memory and childhood IQ were significantly associated with observer-rated attention span (p < 0.001). The effect of childhood IQ on observer-rated attention span was replicated in EPICure. VP/VLBW and EP adults are at increased risk of observer-rated attention problems. These problems were predominantly associated with poorer general cognitive ability in early childhood and somewhat with adult executive functioning.

OXIPO GAME COLLECTION FOR DEVELOPING COGNITIVE ABILITIES

This study is a presentation of the first phase of a complex research project which aims to present the theoretical background of a new game collection (based on OxIPO model). We have compiled a game collection to improve cognitive abilities in early childhood. Concerning cognitive abilities, Affolter's (1972), Sindelar's (1994) and others' earlier developmental approaches took into account visual, auditive or motoric (inter) modalities of perception, however, we believe we need a more complex model to cover the full capability. Within the framework of the OxIPO model (Mező, 2002, 2016), learning is interpreted as an information processing process. In the OxIPO model (Field, 2002, 2016), Learning = Organization x (Input + Process + Output) allows us to control and systemize not only the input modalities but also the output modalities and also to interpret some cognitive abilities in the process phase. We have created a game-collection based on six input (visual, auditive, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile) modalities and five cognitive abilities (perception, attention, memory, conceptual thinking, problem-solving thinking) and three output (visual, auditive, motoric) modalities. The outcome of the six input modalities and the five target abilities and the three output modalities there are 90 different games that can be described by the OxIPO model. In the future, we would like to prove with empirical studies that this game collection can be used for testing and developing 90 independent cognitive abilities. On the other hand, we need to prove that these cognitive abilities indeed influence the daily lives of children and their effectiveness.

Visceral Adiposity and Diet Quality Are Differentially Associated With Cognitive Abilities and Early Academic Skills Among Preschool-Age Children.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and diet quality influence cognitive health in preadolescents; however, these relationships remain understudied among preschool-age children.Objectives: Investigate the relationship between VAT, diet quality, academic skills, and cognitive abilities among preschool-age children.Methods: Children between 4 and 5 years (N = 57) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Woodcock Johnson Early Cognitive and Academic Development Test (ECAD™) was utilized to assess General Intellectual Ability, Early Academic Skills, and Expressive Language. DXA was used to assess VAT. Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) based on 7-day food records.Results: Greater VAT was associated with poorer Early Academic Skills (r = −0.28, P = 0.03) whereas a diet pattern that included Fatty Acids, Whole Grains, Saturated Fats, Seafood and Plant Proteins, Total Vegetables, and Dairy was positively associated with General Intellectual Ability (r = 0.26, P = 0.04).Conclusions: Higher VAT is negatively related to Early Academic Skills whereas diet quality was positively and selectively related to intellectual abilities among preschool-age children. These findings indicate that the negative impact of abdominal adiposity on academic skills is evident as early as preschool-age while providing preliminary support for the potentially beneficial role of diet quality on cognitive abilities in early childhood.

Genetic and Environmental Links between : General Factors of Psychopathology and Cognitive Ability in Early Childhood.

In adults, psychiatric disorders are highly comorbid, and are negatively associated with cognitive abilities. Individual cognitive measures have been linked with domains of child psychopathology, but the specificity of these associations and the extent to which they reflect shared genetic influences are unknown. This study examines the relation between general factors of cognitive ability (g) and psychopathology (p) in early development using two genetically-informative samples: the Texas "Tiny" Twin project (TXtT; N = 626 individuals, age range = 0.16 - 6.31 years) and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B; N ≈ 1,300 individual twins, age range = 3.7 - 7.1 years). The total p-g correlation (-.21 in ECLS-B; -.34 in TXtT) was primarily attributable to genetic and shared environmental factors. The early age range of participants indicates that the p-g association is a reflection of overlapping genetic and shared environmental factors that operate in the first years of life.

Child Sleep and Socioeconomic Context in the Development of Cognitive Abilities in Early Childhood.

Despite a robust literature examining the association between sleep problems and cognitive abilities in childhood, little is known about this association in toddlerhood, a period of rapid cognitive development. The present study examined the association between various sleep problems, using actigraphy, and performance on a standardized test of cognitive abilities, longitudinally across three ages (30, 36, and 42months) in a large sample of toddlers (N=493). Results revealed a between-subject effect in which the children who had more delayed sleep schedules on average also showed poorer cognitive abilities on average but did not support a within-subjects effect. Results also showed that delayed sleep explains part of the association between family socioeconomic context and child cognitive abilities.

Language ability in preterm children is associated with arcuate fasciculi microstructure at term.

In the mature human brain, the arcuate fasciculus mediates verbal working memory, word learning, and sublexical speech repetition. However, its contribution to early language acquisition remains unclear. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the role of the direct segments of the arcuate fasciculi in the early acquisition of linguistic function. We imaged a cohort of 43 preterm born infants (median age at birth of 30 gestational weeks; median age at scan of 42 postmenstrual weeks) using high b value high‐angular resolution diffusion‐weighted neuroimaging and assessed their linguistic performance at 2 years of age. Using constrained spherical deconvolution tractography, we virtually dissected the arcuate fasciculi and measured fractional anisotropy (FA) as a metric of white matter development. We found that term equivalent FA of the left and right arcuate fasciculi was significantly associated with individual differences in linguistic and cognitive abilities in early childhood, independent of the degree of prematurity. These findings suggest that differences in arcuate fasciculi microstructure at the time of normal birth have a significant impact on language development and modulate the first stages of language learning. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3836–3847, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.