Cogeneration Cycle Research Articles

Thermodynamic and exergetic analyses of a biomass-fired Brayton-Stirling cogeneration cycle for decentralized, rural applications

Access to electricity in many remote rural areas of the world is wanting and often relies on decentralized concepts that are environmentally detrimental, costly, and unreliable. The purpose of this study was to examine an approach to meet this need that is based on an external biomass-fueled cogeneration system incorporating combined cycles for maximizing efficiency while ensuring robust operation. Specifically, the first and second laws of thermodynamics were analyzed in a system composed of a Brayton-Stirling cycle and a water boiler to compare efficiency, heat and electricity generation under three different power layouts of cogeneration for applications in the range of 100–200 kW electrical power output. The results show that overall efficiency is maximized at 85% with a hybrid power layout for cases where the turbine inlet temperature is 1273 K, the pressure ratio is 0.4, the regenerator effectiveness is 0.95, and the dead volume of the Stirling engine is 0.3. These findings provide a basis for implementing cogeneration systems to improve the reliability and robustness of power systems for rural electrification.

4E Transient Analysis of a Solar-Hybrid Gas-Turbine Cycle Equipped with Heliostat and MED

The current study investigates a cogeneration cycle of power and freshwater integrated with a solar system. The solar system is of the heliostat type, which is considered to preheat the inlet air in the combustion chamber of a 25-MW gas turbine. The waste heat of the turbine output stream is used to produce freshwater. Parameters such as the ambient temperature and solar irradiance significantly affect the system’s performance; hence, all analyses, including those pertaining to energy, exergy, economics, and environment, were conducted transiently, with a one-hour time step throughout the year so that the impacts of these effective parameters could be examined. Besides the analysis assuming a constant mass flow rate for the air entering the compressor, the calculations were repeated with the assumption of a constant volumetric flow rate to evaluate the cycle in the same conditions as those of natural gas power plants. Given the constant volumetric flow rate, for every 10-degree increase in temperature, the compressor power consumption decreased by approximately 2%. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis of the cycle performance in terms of ambient temperature was performed, and the corresponding results are presented. Finally, some correlations are presented to estimate variations in compressor power consumption and net turbine power due to temperature variations. The results demonstrate that in Bushehr, Iran, every one-degree increase in ambient temperature leads to an approximately 0.67 percentage decrease in net-generated power. In the end, the performance of the cycle was investigated under climatic conditions and solar irradiation intensities in several cities in Iran and some cities in different countries in which heliostat power plants have already been established. The results obtained in these cities were compared; it was concluded that the lowest annual cost of electricity generation is related to Isfahan in Iran, which reduces the cost of electricity generation by more than 20% (2.32 Cents/kWh) compared to the base cycle.

A new approach based on off-design R-curve and thermal load duration curve for the design and optimization of bioresources driven cogeneration Rankine cycle: Application on industrial site in Nova Scotia, Canada

Decarbonization objectives in industrial processes impose major changes for industrial energy supply. The combination of decarbonization of heat and electric load can be achieved by cogeneration plant driven by clean energy resources. Despite of new innovative cogeneration cycle being investigated, Rankine cycle cogeneration plant driven by biomass or biofuels stills the most attractive solution in low solar irradiance countries. The aim of this study is to establish a new original method combining a steady state and dynamic approach to solve and link optimal conceptual design problem and operation strategies of the plant. This approach is applied also to evaluate the worthiness of adopting a thermal energy storage solution. Breakdown of electricity and thermal cost of cogeneration plant is established for the first time for the sake of mapping energy prices of different decarbonization solutions. A thermodynamic and economic model to predict the performances of the cogeneration plant at design and off-design conditions was developed.Three off-design operation strategies are identified: the first engenders steam throttling, the second induces part-load operation of the condensing turbine, and the third requires an auxiliary boiler to meet peak thermal demand. A new R-curve named off-design R-curve is developed to predict cycle performances during these operations, and then combined with the thermal load duration curve to predict energy consumption. Subsequently, an optimization procedure combining the R-curve tool and cost break-down of electricity and thermal energy is carried out. The energy prices and the annualized capital cost R-curves are summed up to optimize the design of power to heat ratio.A case study in an industrial site in Nova Scotia (Canada) is considered. The method proves its simplicity and effectiveness in the conceptual design of the plant, as well as predicting different costs of energy and the optimization of the R ratio. Case study results show that biomass energy cost saving rises with power production to achieve its maximum at Rd equal to 1.23, while biofuel energy cost saving decreases with Rd and was achieved only when Rd is lower than 0.7. Combining the annualized cost with the energy cost reveal that the optimal Rd is at 1.07 for biomass and 0.21 for biofuel, respectively. Moreover, with the introduction of the off-design R curve, it was found that the cogeneration efficiency drops down to 18 % (from 0.52 to 0.34 at Rd equal to 1.23) and the power production down to 60 % when the process load is double the average load. Hence, more accurate energy cost-saving values and optimal on-site power production are achieved. Energy cost saving drops by 7 %, which lowers the value of Rd where biofuel cost saving is achieved to 0.3, while the optimal value stays the same for biomass. Besides, the maximum potential of thermal energy storage in energy saving is accounted. The saving in the case study is low at 5–6 %, but generally it is dependent on the frequency at which the thermal load occurs. The method developed proves its effectiveness in solving conceptual design problems, and can used to rigorously evaluate new innovative configurations of cogeneration plants. Challenges and future works to improve this method are also addressed.

Reconfiguration of a small, inefficient district heating systems by means of biomass Organic Rankine Cycle cogeneration plants – Polish and German perspective after 2035

The majority of small district heating systems (DHS) in Poland are supplied with coal and do not have a status of efficient ones according to Energy Efficiency Directive. They should transform into efficient ones by taking an appropriate measures by the end of 2035. At the same time, a significant reduction of CO2 emissions is expected in this sector. One of the possible solution for such systems is to apply unites fueled with fuels alternative to coal such as biomass. Cost benefits analysis of implementation a biomass ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) cogeneration unit in municipal district heating system of 22 MW thermal capacity is the subject of the paper. The research included building configuration scenarios of a heat source regarding ORC size and operation modes. Different economic inputs such as electricity, fuel and European Union Allowance (EUA) for CO2 prices as well as financial support mechanisms were considered. Economic indexes (Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return and payback times) have been derived for both Polish and German conditions.

Proposal and Investigation of a New Tower Solar Collector-Based Trigeneration Energy System

These days, the low efficiency of solar-based thermal power plants results in uneconomical performance and high-cost uncompetitive industries compared with conventional fossil fuels. In order to overcome such issues, a novel combined cooling–power–heating (trigeneration) system is proposed and analyzed in this paper. This system uses an ammonia–water binary mixture as a working fluid and a solar heat source to produce diverse types of energy for a multi-unit building in a sustainable fashion. In addition to the basic cooling–power cogeneration cycle, a flashing chamber that will boost the flow rate of refrigerant without any additional heat supply is employed. By developing a mathematical model, the system performance is analyzed using varying parameters of solar irradiation, hot oil temperature, process heat pressure, and ambient temperature to investigate the influence on electrical power, cooling capacity, refrigeration exergy, energy utilization factor (EUF), and system exergy efficiency. Increasing direct normal irradiation (DNI) from 500 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 reduces the system EUF and exergy efficiency from 53.62% to 43.12% and from 49.02% to 25.65%, respectively. Both power and refrigeration exergy increase with increasing DNI and ambient temperature, while heating exergy remains constant. It is demonstrated that of 100% solar energy supplied, 46.03% is converted into energetic output and 53.97% is recorded as energy loss. The solar exergy supplied is distributed into 8.34% produced exergy, 29.78% exergy loss, and the remaining 61.88% is the destructed exergy. The highest destruction of solar exergy (56.89%) occurs in the central receiver.

Performance analyses of detonation engine cogeneration cycles

AbstractAircraft engines such as gas turbines and detonation engines have very important attention by the researchers in the last decades. However, using detonation engines for producing electrical and heat power was not researched efficiently. In this study, gas turbine and pulse detonation engines cogeneration systems were analyzed and compared by using first and second laws of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method. Three different cycles, namely, basic gas turbine, Zeldovich–von Neumann–Döring (ZND) detonation engine and steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems were investigated. The performance analyses and the advantage of these three cycles were obtained and discussed. The performance analyses were done for different compression ratios (r), and the combustion outlet temperatures and pressures, exergy efficiencies, specific fuel consumption, electrical efficiency, exergy fuel consumption, electrical heat rates and other performance parameters of the three cycles were obtained and discussed. It is found that gas turbine cogeneration systems have some advantages and disadvantages in some conditions than ZND cycle. The steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems can compete with the Brayton cycle cogeneration systems.

Exergetic performance analyses of three different cogeneration plants

Abstract Energy cost and consumption are increasing, so that efficiency becomes more important, from the production to the end users. Energy reserves are limited; increasing demand and environmental concerns make efficiency important. To provide cost-effective and clean power generation, gas turbines and cogeneration are becoming the key technology that must be researched and developed. Three different cogeneration cycles are analyzed by using first and second laws of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method. The three cycles are basic, air heated, and fuel air heated cycles. The performance analysis of the devices such as turbine, recuperator, combustion chamber, compressor, and heat exchanger for the whole cycle is obtained and discussed. For different excess air rates, compression ratios (r), and ambient (inlet air) temperatures, the Z factor (ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy), specific fuel consumption, and specific work and other performance parameters of the devices were obtained and discussed. It is found that excess air rates have the most effect on the performance of the three cycles.

A computationally efficient heuristic approach for solving a new sophisticated arrangement of cogeneration combined heat and power cycle

Cogeneration combined heat and power cycle components are continually optimized using new methods and solutions. Due to the interconnection of two different power generation cycles, the design of the cogeneration cycle is extremely complex and any changes in the structure directly affect the power, efficiency, costs, and other variables. To address this issue, a new arrangement of the cogeneration combined heat and power cycle is presented in this study, as well as a suitable fit function for exergy analysis and evolutionary algorithms used for model optimization. Several objectives are considered when optimizing, such as reducing costs, increasing profitability, etc. Optimization algorithms increased energy efficiency by 2.7% and exergy efficiency by 8.6%, indicating substantial long-term energy savings. A significant improvement was made in all desired parameters as well. Therefore, we can conclude that the upgraded algorithm considered in this study is effective in designing power generation cycles due to the particular importance of optimal design in power generation cycles.

Exergetic and environmental life cycle assessments for waste cooking oil microemulsion biofuel in compression ignition engine

Biofuels are considered as the alternative to petrofuels in Compression Ignition (CI) engines. However, investigations on combustion exergy, exergetic life cycle, and environmental impacts are imperative for understanding the sustainability of biofuel in engine applications. In the present study, the sustainability of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) microemulsion biofuel in CI engines is validated by evaluating the life cycle performances, emission characteristics, and cogeneration potential. The life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis indicated that the environmental impact of fossil resource exploitation could be reduced up to 34% with WCO microemulsion biofuel–petrodiesel blends (WMBDs) in comparison to petrodiesel. Moreover, CO, CO2, and NOx emissions decreased for WMBDs at different load conditions. In addition, WMBDs exhibited higher cylinder pressure and the highest net heat release rate (NHRRmax) than petrodiesel. WMBDs showed the net system exergy output, relative shares of brake power, and exhaust exergy comparable to petrodiesel, justifying the cogeneration potential of the formulated WCO microemulsion blends. In addition, WMBDs exhibited higher utilization efficiency over petrodiesel in exergetic life cycle assessment analysis. Furthermore, the resource utilization efficiency and environmental sustainability could be increased up to 27.76% and 26.62%, respectively, with waste heat recovery (cogeneration) facility for WMBDs. CI engines (both with and without integrated cogeneration facility) fueled with WMBDs outperformed petrodiesel in terms of environmental sustainability.

Thermodynamic analysis on the effect of supercritical CO2 ejector in cogeneration cycle for dairy application

Dairy plants are energy-intensive due to the combined loads of milk pasteurization (heating), chilling (cooling), and the demand for various supplementary equipment, making the cogeneration cycle suitable. Solar based cogeneration cycle with CO2 as a working fluid is eco-friendly and has a small real estate footprint. Ejectors are passive devices providing compression by energy exchange between coflowing fluid streams with the potential to reduce overall energy consumption. A new CO2 cogeneration circuit that better utilizes thermal energy is first proposed. Thereafter, further improvements are made by adding a supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) ejector. A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of both cogeneration systems is carried out. Substantial real gas effects and thermodynamic property variations of CO2 render the system intractable for analytical solutions requiring numerical iterative solutions, where the algorithms use REFPROP 9.0 coupled with MATLAB 2019a. The performance maps of the proposed cycles due to variations in gas cooler pressure, ejector primary pressure, ejector secondary pressure, turbine inlet temperature, turbine inlet pressure and turbine discharge pressure are elaborated. The system operating parameters are constrained to produce a net positive power output. The new cogeneration circuit adds a recuperator in the power cycle for dairy applications improving the circuit performance. However, exergy losses due to throttling and recuperation prevailed in the system, impeding further COP improvement. The implementation of an s-CO2 ejector reduces throttling and recuperation exergy losses, consequently improving the system COP by a maximum of 35%. Additionally, the milk handling capacity of the ejector based system increases by 20%.

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Combined Heat and Power Systems with SOFCs

The article presents an overview of experimental layout design solutions and the general operation scheme of combined heat and power systems with a high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). This system is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving way to produce electricity and heat. The use of high-temperature SOFCs makes it possible to obtain an electrical efficiency of 45–55%. Combining the electrochemical and mechanical system can increase the total efficiency by up to 60–65% in a hybrid power plant. This article discusses the structure and relationship between the components of a hybrid power plant and various modification options for efficient power generation. The technological schemes for existing and tested hybrid power plants with an SOFC and gas turbine are presented and described in detail. When designing a hybrid power plant, the key factors are the choice of design, heat source, and fuel-reforming method; the design of a solid oxide fuel cell and the number of modules in a stack; selecting devices for generating electricity with the development of cogeneration or trigeneration cycles (for possible use in thermal power plants and for the energy supply of social facilities); the direction of material flows within the system; pressure and tightness; and the interconnection of the hybrid power system elements. Researchers have accumulated and described in scientific papers extensive experience in designing, theoretical research, and numerical modeling of hybrid power plants with high-temperature SOFCs. It is shown that experimental hybrid power plants based on SOFCs of the megawatt class are in operation. Hybrid systems with an SOFC are designed only for the kilowatt power class. Trigeneration systems with a steam turbine exist only in the form of theoretical calculations. Trigeneration systems show the highest electrical efficiency, but the highest construction and service costs. Systems based on high-temperature SOFCs can be used for autonomous systems, and in combination with gas and steam turbines only at thermal power plants. Experimental laboratory studies are limited by the high cost of installations and the difficulties of testing the possibility of using combined heat and power systems on an industrial scale. Therefore, a more detailed study of the relationship between the units of a combined heat and power system is recommended in order to achieve the high efficiency indicators obtained from theoretical studies.

Time-Transient Optimization of Electricity and Fresh Water Cogeneration Cycle Using Gas Fuel and Solar Energy

In this study, a cogeneration cycle in a time-transient state is investigated and optimized. A quasi-equilibrium state is assumed because of the small time increments. Air temperature and solar power are calculated hourly. The cycle is considered in terms of energy, exergy, and economic and environmental analyses. Increasing the net present value (the difference between the present value of the cash inflows and outflows over a period of time) and reducing exergy destruction are selected as two optimization objective functions. The net present value is calculated for the period of 20 years of operation according to the operation parameters. The optimization variables are selected in such a way that one important variable is selected from each system. To optimize the cycle, the particle swarm optimization method is used. The number of particles used in this method is calculated using the trial-and-error method. This cycle is optimized using 13 particles and 42 iterations. After optimization, the energy efficiency increased by 0.5%, the exergy efficiency increased by 0.25%, and the exergy destruction decreased by 1% compared to the cycle with existing parameters.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Solar-based Combined Power and Cooling Cogeneration Cycle

The performance of a solar-powered Rankine cycle that combines absorption refrigeration with solar thermal technology is examined in this communication. The research finds regions of irreversibility in the system and takes into account fluctuations in direct normal irradiance (DNI). In order to evaluate the cycle's performance at different DNI levels ranging from 600 to 1050 W/m², the research does a thermodynamic analysis of the cycle. It also assessed the irreversibility of each cycle's distinct parts, which resulted in potential performance-enhancing actions. Furthermore, the central receiver contributes 31.37% irreversibility to the cycle's exergy distribution, the heliostat contributes 27.4%, and other components like the HRSG, steam turbine, and VARs contribute the rest amounts. Only 25.43% of the cycle's energy production is useable.

Evaluation of Process and Economic Feasibility of Implementing a Topping Cycle Cogeneration

Industrial applications that require steam for their end-use generally utilize steam boilers that are typically oversized, citing operations flexibility. Similarly, gas turbine-based power plants corroborate a gas turbine system that may eventually relieve the usable exhaust into the atmosphere. This study explores the economic and technical feasibility of a topping cycle combined heat and power (CHP) system. It does so by leveraging a partially loaded boiler or gas turbine by increasing its unused load to generate steam and heat for subsequent usage. To this end, a decision support tool (COGENTEC) was developed, which emulates a given facility’s boiler or gas-turbine system, and its operational parameters with the application of steam turbines. The tool provides necessary insights into the most appropriate parameters that enable a CHP system to be technically and economically advantageous. Based on input variables such as boiler-rated capacity, steam pressure, steam temperature, and existing boiler load, among others, COGENTEC designs a topping cycle CHP system to inform a user whether this system is feasible in their facility or not. If applicable, the tool assists the user to realize the point of break-even (fuel cost incurred and cost savings) at the desired steam flow rate. It also conducts sensitivity analyses between energy usage, cost savings, and payback on the investment of the operating parameters to understand the relationship between relevant variables. By utilizing parameters from a pulp and paper manufacturing facility, the research determines that the fuel cost, electricity cost, and steam flow rate are the most important parameters for the feasibility of the system with a desirable payback on the investment.

Investigation of inlet air pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration cycles

Abstract The objective of this study was to search the effects of the inlet air compressor pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration plants that are absorption cooling (ab), basic (bsc), air heating (airh), and air fuel heating (airfh) cogeneration systems by using the first law and the second law of thermodynamics, and the exergy analysis methods. For analysis, a program is written by the author in the FORTRAN programming language. Decreasing the atmospheric pressure or increasing the installation altitude of the plants increases the Z factor (ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy) of the four cycles about 10–13%. Also, decreasing inlet air pressure decreases the specific work about 25–28%, and the fuel energy saving ratio of the four cycles decreases about 29–30%. The method of water spray cooling of the compressor inlet air especially in the summer months, the humidity increases and the evaporative cooling can be obtained. By using this method, the ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy can be decreased for the four cycles about 0.5–2%. Also, the specific work of the four cycles can be increased about 1.2–6%.

General methodology and optimization for the analysis of bottoming cycle cogeneration

This paper aimed to develop a general calculation methodology for bottoming cycle cogeneration. The methodology considered the simultaneous generation of heat, power and cold; the energy rate demands curves of the process; the storage of cold thermal energy; the local environmental conditions for the calculations of the electricity generated; the performance coefficients of chillers; and the commercialization of electricity and carbon credits. The methodology shows the main performance indexes for bottoming cycle cogeneration, as well as the results of the minimum requirements for the cogeneration unit qualification, besides environmental and economic gains. A case study done for a small steel mill with 5,500 tons of pig iron average monthly production shown that ambient temperature and altitude influence remarkably on the electricity generation and cold production. It is observed that at lower ambient temperature and altitude, higher values of electricity generation and cold are given. Average environmental gains with electricity and fuel can reach 1,862,212 kg(CO2-Eq)/TT and 562,728 kg(CO2-Eq)/TT, respectively. Average economic gains from electricity, fuel and carbon credits can reach 1,893,249 US$/TT, 88,578US$/TT and 124,933 US$/TT, respectively. Performance indexes shown 26.15 % of energy efficiency, 1,326.78 kW of primary energy consumption reduction, 4,395.60 kW of primary energy saving and 6.085 % of primary energy savings gain. The presented methodology could assist governmental and non-governmental agencies in the elaboration of standards and laws to verify the performance indexes, environmental gains, and economic viability study of bottoming cycle cogeneration projects.

Thermodynamic Analysis and Modeling of a Novel Solar Absorption Cogeneration System With an Adjustable Cooling-to-Power Ratio

Abstract In this work, a novel solar double-effect absorption combined cooling and power (DECCP) system with an adjustable cooling-to-power ratio is proposed. This cogeneration system uses water–LiBr as the working fluid. The novel cycle upon which this system is based has been mathematically modeled, simulated, and parametrically analyzed to generate the system’s performance characteristics for several scenarios. The performance has been compared with those of other similar combined cogeneration cycles. It was found that the proposed cycle outperforms the other cycles from the vantage point of the power produced and the cycle’s ability to produce cooling. For specific operating parameters, the DECCP cycle achieves an exergetic efficiency that varies between 36.55% and 59.13% based on the refrigerant split ratio used. An effective operating strategy is proposed for the cycle when it is powered by solar energy.

Performance Analysis of Air Fuel Heating Effects on Cogeneration Cycles

The electrical energy consumption is increasing in our country and in the world. The electrical energy and heat energy are primary energies and has a vital role on industry and our lives. The production of these two energies in different cycles leads to energy loss and low efficiency. With the production of both in the same cycle, the efficiency increases a lot, and the energy losses and emission values decrease a lot. By installing cogeneration system to produce electrical and heat energy, the energy consumption costs can be reduced importantly. The cycle in which the fuel and the air entering into combustion chamber is heated by the heat taken from the exhaust gases at the outlet of the gas turbine is analyzed by using exergy analysis method and, first and second laws of thermodynamics. The heat energy remained in the exhaust gases are used to produce in steam production, after some heat energy is consumed to heat the air and the fuel, in this cycle. The performance analysis of the devices that make up the cycle such as turbine, recuperator compressor, combustion chamber, and heat exchanger and for the whole cycle and were obtained and discussed. Exergy efficiency, exergy losses and other performance parameters of the devices were obtained and discussed.

Exergy Analysis of Inlet Air Absorption Cooling Effects on Basic Cogeneration Systems

The use of the electrical energy is increasing in our life and in the world. The electrical energy is lost in the connection lines about 11%, as it is known. By producing the electrical and the heat energy in a cogeneration system to meet the needs, it can be obtained more efficiency in the use of fuel, and that can reduce energy costs. In a cogeneration cycle, by the absorption cooling system, the air entering into the compressor is cooled, and the cooling is obtained from energy of the heat of the exhaust gases. The system in this study is analyzed by using exergy analysis method and 1. and 2. laws of thermodynamics. Some of the heat energy is consumed to cool the air, in this cycle and the remaining heat is used to produce steam. The performance analysis of the whole cycle and also the devices that make up the cycle such as compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and heat exchanger were obtained and discussed. Also exergy losses, exergy efficiency and other performance parameters of the devices were obtained and discussed. The results showed that using absorption cooling (abc) system in a basic cycle made better than the basic one in electrical efficiency. However, because of the absorption cooling (abc) system the exergy efficiency is slightly less than the basic one. The absorption cooling (abc) cogeneration system can be used when the steam demand decreases or electrical demand increases for production more electricity.

Comparative study of steam injection modes for a proposed biomass-driven cogeneration cycle: Performance improvement and CO2 emission reduction

Biomass fuel energy can be utilized in cogeneration cycles through the gasification process. This reduces pollution and increases the efficiency of conventional cycles, and makes use of renewable energy instead of fossil fuels. In this paper, in order to generate both electricity and cooling, a cogeneration system has been proposed using biomass fuels. Then, various ways of injecting steam into each proposed cycle are proposed in order to improve its efficiency and performance. The following cycles are suggested and modeled: CHP with the steam injection into the combustion chamber, CHP with the steam injection into gasifier, and CHP with the steam injection into the gasifier and combustion chamber simultaneously. All proposed cycles are initially analyzed from energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and environmental perspectives. Following analyses of the cycles, results are compared and discussed to select the cycle with the best balance in terms of thermodynamics, economics and pollutant emissions. Then, a parametric study is discussed in which, along with determining the influence of changing an important thermodynamic parameter on cycle performance, the simultaneous influence of two parameters is calculated and verified. The results show that the steam-injected gasifier cycle is about 5.43% more efficient than the steam-injected combustion chamber cycle, and its carbon dioxide emissions are about 5.2% lower. Also, the cycle by simultaneous injection of steam into both the gasifier and combustion chamber offers the highest efficiency and pollution reduction. Additionally, by simultaneously increasing the mass flow rates of steam injection into the proposed system with simultaneous steam injection into both the gasifier and combustion chamber, the exergy efficiency and costs are increased by 11.2% and 3.5% respectively, and CO2 emission are reduced by 12.5%.