Coffee Prices Research Articles

Sustainable Sip: Learning Concepts Of Business Sustainability Through A Hybrid Game

We present Sustainable Sip, a hybrid multiplayer round-based game designed to provide an experiential learning environment for university-level students at the University of Queensland, Australia. It aims to facilitate literacy around the fundamental concepts of business sustainability, specifically the tensions and interplay between economics and sustainability, and systems thinking. This paper represents stage 1 of this project (design, development, testing). Impact assessment will be covered by stage 2 (application), which is outside the scope of this paper. Each player manages a coffee shop in a competitive market, seeking to maximise their customer base, whilst minimising the production of waste (unsold coffee tokens). Each round, players must decide how much coffee (inventory) to buy from the wholesaler, and the price to sell coffee to customers. Players aim to balance the dimensions of economic performance, environmental sustainability, and customer loyalty; the player that best achieves this wins the ‘Sustainable Sipper’ award. ‘Customer loyalty’ is a central concept, calculated in the app for each player and is influenced by the shop’s coffee price, quantity of waste the shop produces, and a player’s ability to meet customer demand. The game design explicitly draws from system thinking, user-centred and hybrid design, and from self-determination theory (motivation). Sustainable Sip has undergone early testing with preliminary feedback highlighting that the gameplay is simple, intuitive and interactive, aspects that are attributable in part to the game design and the hybrid approach.

Pengaruh Tingkat Pemanfaatan Media Komunikasi Inovasi Baru (Cyber Extension) dalam Mewujudkan Keberdayaan Petani Kopi di Kabupaten Lampung Barat

The importance of utilizing information technology, including Cyber Extension, in West Lampung is becoming increasingly apparent along with the development of globalization and digital transformation. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of utilization of cyber extension, determine the level of empowerment of coffee farmers and analyze the effect of the level of utilization of cyber extension on the empowerment of coffee farmers. This research was conducted in West Lampung Regency using a quantitative descriptive approach with a sample size of 125 respondents. The level of utilization of cyber extension by coffee farmers in West Lampung Regency is generally classified in the high enough category, meaning that farmers have used and utilized digital technology to manage information related to coffee farming, besides that the level of empowerment of coffee farmers is low, this is due to the lack of ability of farmers in managing results and determining coffee prices. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that the level of utilization of cyber extension has a significant influence on the empowerment of coffee farmers in West Lampung.

The Status and Challenges of Contract Farming Engagement in Gimbo District, Kafa Zone, South West Ethiopia People’s Region, Ethiopia

Contract farming has long been used in industrialized nations' agricultural production systems as a system of institutions to help smallholder farmers commercialize their farms in an effort to increase revenue and reduce poverty. This study aimed to assess the state of contract farming and challenges of engagement in Gimbo District, Kafa Zone, South West Ethiopia People’s Region, Ethiopia. A focus group discussion, observations, key informant interviews with fifteen experts and authorities, and surveys of 361 farm households were used to collect data. The study revealed that the productivity of coffee improved from 3-4 qt/ha to the average productivity of about 10 qt/ha and the price of coffee improved from 7 birr/kg to 19 birr/kg. This suggests a considerable increase in production and price improvement resulting from the adoption of contract farming. According to the study, the local community benefited from 345 temporary and 44 permanent jobs that were established by contract farming operations in the study area. According to the report, external variables posed challenges to contract farming initiatives in the research area. These external factors included lacking of a legislative instrument that serves as a guide, the lack of infrastructure, the inadequate assistance of governmental organizations, and the failure to integrate the necessary stakeholders to support the sectors. Thus, the study recommended that the government should focus on raising awareness, enhancing extension services and organizational setup, ensuring transparency and accountability in the contract process, and improving financial services.

Coffee market price as a reflection of the brazilian harvest

Brazilian agribusiness has great importance in the constitution of national gross domestic product, reaching values of more than 27% representativeness. Within the agricultural products we have coffee as one of the great crops in our country. As it is known its market value fluctuates, like all products, by the most diverse factors. This work aimed to evaluate the existence or not of a correlation in the market price of coffee with production factors in Brazil. Variation along the years of Brazilian total coffee production, total area in production and area of crop formation was explored via a Pearson’s correlation analysis with significance of 95%. Pearson's correlation analysis identified a negative correlation of -0.33 between the negotiation price of the coffee sack (60 kg) and the total production volume of the Brazilian crop. Considering that the market value of this product can be affected by numerous factors we conclude the significant existence of this correlation.

Perbandingan Ekspor Kopi Indonesia Pada Tahun 2021 Dan 2022

This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the comparison of the amount of capacity (kg) of Indonesian coffee exports between 2021 and Indonesian coffee exports in 2022. The data used in this study were gathered through library research, which allowed us to collect data from literature related to the object of our research, such as documents or archives containing data on coffee production, coffee plantation area, total capacity (kg) of Indonesian coffee exports, and the behavior of Indonesian coffee prices. The data sources were kindly provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Center for Agricultural Data and Information Systems of the Secretariat General, Ministry of Agriculture. In this research, we employed two data analysis techniques: the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Wilcoxon test. The results of these tests indicate a comparison between Indonesian coffee exports in 2021 and 2022. This comparison is characterized by a decrease and also an increase in mean rank and sum of rank.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Sistem Pemasaran Warkop Kopi Kampus (KOKAM) di Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

The purpose of this service is to find out how and how much influence the use of the management control system (SPM) and marketing strategies implemented at the Campus Coffee Shop has to improve quality so that it can survive in the competition of similar coffee shop businesses. Marketing development strategy for campus coffee shops (KOKAM). Several approaches that can help coffee shops around campus increase their attractiveness and business success include understanding the target market, strong branding, menu variations, special promotions for students, collaboration with student organizations, a comfortable and instagrammable atmosphere, promotions on Social Media. Conclusion Warkop campus coffee (KOKAM) is growing and attracting more customers, prioritizing the quality of the products sold, warkop is a comfortable place with affordable coffee prices with the aroma and taste of coffee being the main attraction, by creating a variety of different coffee flavors, take advantage of social media platforms to introducing warkop.

Changes in the economics of coffee production between 2008 and 2019: a tale of two Central American countries

Increasing costs of coffee production relative to coffee prices has led to concern across the industry of lack of profitability of coffee production especially for smallholders who comprise a large majority of producers. This study compares coffee production costs and income over a decadal interval of 2008 versus 2019 for coffee farmers in some of the main coffee growing regions of Costa Rica and Guatemala. Costs and income were collected by farmer recall using a standard questionnaire with trained research surveyors. Net income as assessed by EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) increased by about 30% in Costa Rica, but declined to a third of its 2008 level in Guatemala. Agronomic costs of production per hectare increased by 31% in Costa Rica and 62% in Guatemala, mostly due to increased labor costs (higher daily wage rates), while fertilizer usage increased but unit costs remained stable. Gross income was stable in Guatemala but increased in Costa Rica due to receiving significantly higher prices for their coffee in 2019 compared to 2008, while in Guatemala prices declined. Nevertheless, the response was not uniform between farms in Costa Rica while high and medium productivity groupings of farms had higher EBITDA, low and very low productivity farms experienced a decline similar to Guatemala. The difference in performance of farm groups in Costa Rica was due to a decline in production per hectare of the lower productivity group; while the difference between Guatemala and Costa Rica was firstly due to price differences, and secondarily due to lower productivity of some farm groups. The investment of Costa Rican farmers was undoubtedly supported by the substantially increased price received by farmers (as compared to Guatemala), reflected in the increase in export price of coffee from Costa Rica relative to Guatemala. This shows the importance of farmers receiving higher prices for their produce in enabling them to cover increasing production costs, invest in increasing productivity and maintain profitability.

Assessing the Current Status of Vietnam's Coffee Exports in the Period 2014-2023 in the Global Coffee Value Chain

Vietnam has favorable geographical location and weather to grow and develop robusta coffee varieties. Vietnam's production area is more than 95% of robusta coffee output out of a total planting area of 600,000 hectares. In 2022, coffee productivity will reach about 28.2 tons/1 hectare, reaching the highest level since 2005, according to Department of Crop Production data. The robusta coffee variety in Vietnam is also considered the best coffee variety in the world. Therefore, according to statistics from the Vietnam Commodity Exchange, in 2023, Vietnam will be the country with the world's highest robusta coffee export value, accounting for 36% of the total global coffee export value, followed second by Brazil with 28%. In 2021, Vietnam ranks 5th globally, with coffee exports reaching 2.35 billion USD. In 2022, Vietnam exported 1.68 million tons of coffee, but the turnover reached only about 3.9 billion USD. Of these, 82% of Vietnam's coffee is exported raw (mainly Robusta), valued at 2.9 billion USD. In contrast, the export turnover of Arabica coffee is only 260 million USD for decaffeinated coffee. 76.9 million USD and roasted, ground-illat coffee worth 598 million USD. Colombia and Switzerland have a small amount of coffee exported, but the value is high thanks to the quality and coffee brands that the country has built. Vietnam's coffee exports set a new record with a turnover of 4.24 billion USD in 2023. Just past the beginning of the new year, Robusta coffee prices continue to record many new peaks. With this advantage, the coffee industry has a solid foundation for its export goal in 2024.

Indonesian Coffee Exports in The Global Market and The Variables That Affect Them

The aim of this research is to analyse the situation of Indonesian coffee exports in the short and long term and the reasons why Indonesian coffee exports are able to compete in the global market. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of numerical data with time series data type over a period of 72 months (January 2016 - December 2021). The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) using the dependent variable the volume of Indonesian coffee exports and the independent variables, namely coffee production, exchange rate, inflation, international coffee prices and substitute prices. The research results show that there are no variables that significantly influence Indonesian coffee export volumes in the short term. In the long term, only coffee production has a significant positive effect, and the exchange rate has a significant negative effect, while the other variables have no significant effect. There are several reasons for the demand for coffee exported from Indonesia, namely the type, taste quality, aroma and uniqueness of the coffee produced in Indonesia.

Lifeways of families in coffee-growing territories: vulnerability and response capacity

Abstract Multilateral and research organizations have developed studies in coffee-growing zones that are focused on sustainable livelihoods; however, the origin of this research and its emphasis on capital limits the explanatory capacity of this approach. To overcome this gap in knowledge and analysis, we developed the lifeways and territorial innovation approach that has been used in research in Chiapas, Mexico, through quantitative and qualitative methodology: workshops and interviews, with the aim of analysing complementarity between capital, strategy, expected results and values of the lifeways of coffee-growing families that facilitate or limit their capacity of response to problems. Our study identified that generational change, coffee pests and diseases, the effects of climate change and the volatility of coffee prices and staple crops are the principal problems that, depending on the typology of the coffee-growing territory (the dynamics of the regime, transition to local initiatives, identity appropriation, appropriation and autonomy), affect each family differently.

Modification of Milk Coffee Jam Using Low-Grade Coffee Based on Consumer Acceptance (Coffee Grade 4-6)

Garut is a city with abundant agricultural wealth. One of the commodities produced by Garut plantations is coffee. Many entrepreneurs are looking for the best quality coffee so that poor- quality coffee does not sell on the market, even if the selling price is meager. Efforts made to increase the selling price of low-quality coffee are to process the product into new, valuable products. This research aims to improve the selling price of low-quality coffee by modifying the product in the form of milk coffee jam by determining the recipe formula, packaging and selling price label, form of promotion, and consumer acceptance of the milk coffee jam product. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a quantitative approach through organoleptic tests on 30 semi-trained panelists by giving three samples of coffee milk jam products to get the best with the SK1, SK2, and SK3 formulations. The research results show that the SK1 formulation is the best product. Next, a consumer acceptability test was carried out on 100 consumer panelists. The resulting score for coffee milk jam is 4,507 on a class interval scale of 4,200 – 5,000, where the scale shows that consumer panelists can accept the product with a calculated selling price for coffee milk jam of IDR 34,000.

INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONS BETWEEN COFFEE PRICES AND THE GROWTH OF SELECTED COFFEE EXPORTING COUNTRIES

Coffee, one of the most important commodities traded in the world, is mainly grown in Latin America and Africa under certain altitudes and climatic conditions. In this study, causality relationships between world coffee prices and GDPs of four coffee producer countries, two from Latin America (Brazil and Colombia) and two from Africa (Kenya and Ethiopia), were tested. Using the series from 1981-2021, the relationships were investigated empirically with Engle-Granger cointegration analysis, error correction model, and Toda-Yamamoto causality methods. According to the analysis, while unidirectional causality between GDP and world coffee price was found for Brazil, Colombia, and Kenya, there was no causality for Ethiopia. As a result of the Engle-Granger cointegration analysis, which tests the long-term relationship, a significant relationship has been found between GDP and coffee prices for all selected countries. According to the results of the error correction model results model that tests the short-term relationship, the relationship between GDP and world coffee price is obtained for Brazil and Colombia. However, such a relationship could not be found in Kenya and Ethiopia.

Analyzing Stationarity in World Coffee Prices

AbstractThis paper investigates the degree of persistence of monthly coffee prices of five different groups (ICO Composite, Brazilian Naturals, Other Milds, Colombian Milds, and Robusta) between the years 1965 and 2020 by using long memory and fractional integration processes. The results show high degrees of persistence for all coffee groups, rejecting the hypothesis of I(0) stationarity, and showing a lack of mean reversion towards the long-run price level for most coffee groups. The results imply that in the case of an exogenous shock in coffee price levels, strong policy measures must be introduced to regain their original levels.

Navigating retail inflation in Brazil: A machine learning and web scraping approach to the basic food basket

In response to the escalating challenges of global inflation, particularly in developing countries like Brazil, this study combines web scraping and machine learning to analyze inflation dynamics within the retail sector. By systematically real-time pricing and product data from a sponsor company and its four main competitors, we focus on Brazil's most consumed staple foods—beans, rice, sugar, and coffee. Our analysis reveals critical insights into how inflation impacts consumer choices and supply chain operations, highlighting the effectiveness of this approach in providing strategic solutions for managing retail sectors under economic stress. The findings highlight the effectiveness of this approach in providing strategic solutions for managing retail sectors under economic stress. Notably, we observed a 400% increase in sales volume for beans following a 50% price reduction and discovered coffee's price stability as a competitive advantage. Additionally, managerial insights emphasize the importance of diversified sourcing and strategic inventory management to mitigate the adverse effects of inflation.

Teknologi Dekafeinasi Biji Kopi Sederhana Untuk Industri Kecil di Desa Sriwulan Kabupaten Kendal

Coffee is one of the leading commodities in Sriwulan Village, Kendal. This certainly has great potential for the economy to grow the MSME movement in the local community. The superior product that has been marketed is ground coffee in general which has quite a high caffeine content. Coffee with low caffeine content is currently a trend on the market and is popular with many health-conscious people. At the industrial level, widely developed decaffeination processes often use imported technology, both at the hardware and software level, which results in the price of low-caffeinated coffee still being relatively high. Limited public access to information regarding decaffeination techniques in coffee means consumers of low-caffeine coffee are willing to pay high prices to get a product that suits their tastes. The process of decaffeinating coffee beans can add value to the selling value of Indonesian coffee commodities, especially in Sriwulan Village, Kendal Regency. The aim of this service activity is to provide education and equipment assistance to the Sriwulan Village community about low-caffeine coffee and its production process to more attractive packaging, so that partner communities can take advantage of this to improve the economy of Sriwulan Village. The method of implementing this activity is carried out through the survey stage, training and monitoring stages. The implementation stage is carried out by processing coffee beans that have been peeled and dried in the sun, then steamed at a temperature of 100oC for 90 minutes. Coffee beans that have been steamed are ready to be dried and roasted according to the steps usually carried out by coffee farmers in Sriwulan Village. This service succeeded in increasing the understanding and interest of coffee producers in Sriwulan Village to develop low-caffeine coffee products. The program implemented can produce coffee beans that experience a reduction in caffeine levels of up to 80.8% after testing caffeine levels.

Commodity price volatility and the psychological well‐being of farmers

AbstractWe examine the effects of income uncertainty on mental health in Vietnam. We assess this issue using volatility in the price of coffee, a key export commodity, that exposes small coffee farmers to income uncertainty. Using household panel data collected over 2016–2020, we find an increase in volatility of the international coffee price to be positively associated with psychological distress among coffee farmers. The magnitude is greater for men, and the findings are robust to several checks. These results are further substantiated by corresponding estimates for related health measures and self‐reported happiness. Channels include an increase in mental stress due to pessimistic expectations of future economic well‐being, increased cognitive load and alcohol consumption, and reduced social capital. The results highlight the psychological toll of living with income uncertainty and provide support for the provision of social safety nets that protect farmers from frequent commodity price fluctuations.

Analyzing the Performance of Diversified Commodity Derivatives Portfolios in Brazil

This paper seeks to investigate how we invest in commodity derivatives by comparing the performance of portfolios constructed using the mean-variance model, hierarchical risk parity, and the naive strategy with the stock market and the risk-free rate. For this purpose, daily closing future prices of ethanol, corn, cattle, gold, coffee, and soybeans traded in Brazil from 2015 to 2023 are considered, in addition to the rate of interbank deposit certificates (CDI or DI) and the performance of the theoretical portfolio. of shares in the Ibovespa index. The constructed portfolios are analyzed using the Sharpe Ratio, CVaR, Beta, and Maximum Drawdown metrics and the comparison of their returns. The results indicate that the portfolio constructed using the mean-variance model presented the lowest risk ratios and generated the highest return, followed by the hierarchical risk parity, the naive strategy, and the Ibovespa index. These findings are useful for scientific literature that investigates finance by bringing empirical evidence of Brazilian commodities to portfolio managers, investors, and other agents in the supply chain.

Decomposition of the Coffee Value Chain Among Smallholder Farmers in Embu and Kirinyaga Counties in Central Kenya

The coffee value chain is lengthy and complex with numerous actors and this exposes the farmers to inherent financial risks. This study sought to decompose the coffee value chain and its dynamics. The study was undertaken in Embu and Kirinyaga counties in Central Kenya and the target population was smallholder coffee farmers. The study used multistage stratified sampling techniques to draw a sample of 385 respondents. Majority (97%) of the sampled farmers were processing and marketing their coffee through cooperative societies. Socioeconomic analysis of these farmers showed that majority were middle‐aged, fairly educated and with adequate coffee farming experience but their cherry production was very low averaging 2.3 kgs per tree for 2022/2023 crop year. The cooperative societies were playing key roles in the coffee value chain including farmers’ training, input and credit provision, coffee processing and marketing. There were numerous coffee marketing challenges, including high middlemen involvement, which lowered the coffee prices and reduced the trade volumes. Value adding activities such as roasting, grinding, and packaging were rare and farmers’ involvement in the upstream value chain was minimal. The local demand for the produced coffee was very low with domestic consumption taking only 2% of the output. The multilevel mixed effect model results revealed that value adding and farmer involvement were found to have a significant positive influence on the traded volumes and coffee prices while middlemen involvement had a negative influence. There is need for enhanced value adding and farmers involvement in the upstream value chain as well as strengthening the cooperative societies’ role in coffee marketing for more accountability and increased incomes.

Robusta Coffee Marketing Channel Analysis Picking Rainbows and Picking Reds in Pagar Alam City

Pagar Alam City is one of the cities in South Sumatra Province located between Bukit Barisan and Mount Dempo. It has the potential for developing Robusta coffee because it has characteristics that match the criteria for growing Robusta coffee. The coffee plantation area in Pagar Alam City is 8,237 hectares, with Robusta coffee productivity reaching 12,782 kg/year, which influences marketing activities, which generally involve farmers, village intermediaries, city intermediaries, exporters, coffee powder industry, roasteries, coffee shops, and consumers. The involvement of various marketing institutions results in differences in the price of robusta coffee between marketing channels due to the implementation of marketing functions. In this research, the technique used in determining the sample was purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The number of informants in the research was 35 people, and the analysis used was descriptive qualitative with marketing channel analysis. There are three marketing channels for rainbow-picked Robusta coffee channels, namely first Farmers – Village Middlemen – City Middlemen – Exporters, second Farmers – City Middlemen – Exporters, and third Farmers – Exporters. There are four marketing channels for red-picked Robusta coffee, namely the first, Farmers – Coffee Powder Industry, second, Farmers – Roastery, third, Farmers – Consumers, and Farmers – Coffee Shop. Keywords: Marketing Channels, Robusta Coffee, Petik Pelangi, Petik Merah The majority of rainbow picked robusta coffee farmers to sell in the first channel Farmers - Village Middlemen - City Middlemen - Exporters because this channel is the longest and most farmers sell, and the majority of red picked farmers sell in the first channel Farmers - Coffee Powder Industry and second Farmers - Roastery because their orders are always there. Keywords: Marketing Channels, Robusta Coffee, Petik Pelangi, Petik Merah

Evolution of Coffee Policies in Mexico. XIX-XXI Centuries

This paper characterizes the evolution of Mexican coffee policies, addressing how the state’s interest and its mechanisms for supporting coffee production have changed significantly over time. Three major phases of coffee policies were identified. First, during the late XIX and early XX centuries, the state was focused on expanding the number of hectares for coffee and facilitating land acquisition by large-scale farmers. Second, from 1958 to 1989, the state was interested in expanding coffee plantations and increasing productivity with higher-yield varieties and fertilizer. The state played a strong regulatory role in overseeing coffee prices and collecting farmers’ harvests; during this phase, small-scale farmers were the main target of support. Third, from 1989 to 2018, the state continued to promote increased productivity, but it also began to focus on improving quality. While small-scale farmers continued to be the principal target of support, the state significantly reduced its intervention in the coffee sector and primarily aided small-scale farmers through programs supplying plants and fertilizer.