Coffee Farmers Research Articles

Pelatihan Pengolahan Kopi Manual Brew, Latte Art dan produk olahan Kopi Dengan Mesin

The business opportunity of selling coffee drinks is quite good, this is evidenced by the many coffee outlets in several places. The coffee outlets that we can find are usually in the form of cafes, coffee shops, or just stands that offer a limited selection of coffee. this has a positive impact on both coffee drink sellers, distributors and coffee farmers. There is a lot of knowledge that we can get and develop from this coffee drink which in the end can provide economic benefits for coffee drink businesses. We can give this knowledge to several people who have the desire and pursue the profession and business of drinking coffee. One of the suitable places to be given education about the knowledge of both coffee beans and drinks is SMA. SMA is the last education before and female students go on to college or want to find a job. one of the favorite high schools in Batam City is SMAK Yos Sudarso. SMAK Yos Sudarso is a high school that has quite a lot of students. The Batam Tourism Polytechnic has the opportunity to provide education and training to students there. students and female students are given education about coffee drinks and coffee beans, then later students and female students are shown and demonstrated how to make processed coffee drinks using machines and also made manually. and finally the point is how to make latte art.

Commodity Marketing Supply Chain Analysis Arabic Coffee

Based on the results of the study, it was shown that one of the goals was to analyze the supply chain for marketing Arabica coffee commodities in Rumbia District, Jeneponto Regency. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, namely from CV. Reski Ilahi consisted of 6 informants (1 owner, 2 cafe employees, 3 picking employees) and 7 Arabica coffee farmers so that the total sample size was 12 people. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data in the form of primary and secondary data. The data analysis used is margin analysis and marketing efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the supply chain for marketing Arabica coffee commodities, namely: the first supply chain channel consists of Farmers–CV. Reski Ilahi–Consumers and the second supply chain channel starting from CV. Reski Ilahi–Retailer–Consumer. Channel I efficiency value is 0.17 which means efficient. While the Channel II Efficiency Value is 0.06, which means efficient. Because the efficient value < 1 which means efficiency if the efficient value is > 1 which means it is not efficient.

Profitability of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora L.) at farm level in Quirino, Philippines

This research study was conducted to determine the profitability of the robusta coffee at farm level from the crop year 2015-2017 in Quirino province, the top two coffee-producing in Cagayan Valley. It specifically aimed to: describe the production and financial management practices of the coffee farmers, analyze the profitability of coffee crop production, identify gaps/constraints encountered by the farmers, and determine innovative solutions to enhance the coffee industry. Three producing municipalities namely, Aglipay, Diffun, and Maddela were selected purposively for the study. Primary data were collected from the coffee farmers and key informants. Secondary data were also obtained from various government and private agencies. The study used a descriptive research method with a structured survey questionnaire as the primary research tool. The study revealed that the average net profit margin in the farmer’s level from the crop year 2015-2017 was 63.21% which was lower than the industry standard. The problems and constraints identified were: the high cost of farm inputs, climate change, inadequate post-harvest facilities, and limited transportation facilities. This resulted in loss of crops, limited access to the market, and high transportation costs. The study recommends that the support and assistance from the local government and national agencies such as capacity building, technology transfer, and shared service facilities will help improve the profitability of coffee.

Effects of Crop Diversification on Households’ Food Security Among Smallholder Coffee Farmers in Kirinyaga Central and East Sub-Counties, Kirinyaga County, Kenya

Effects of Crop Diversification on Households’ Food Security Among Smallholder Coffee Farmers in Kirinyaga Central and East Sub-Counties, Kirinyaga County, Kenya

Challenges in conserving forest ecosystems through coffee certification: a case study from southwestern Ethiopia

Certification schemes, aimed at simultaneously promoting ecologically sustainable agriculture and improving livelihood, are being utilized at a global scale. Among such certification schemes, the Rainforest Alliance is known as one of the most widely used environmental certification programs throughout the world. Previous studies have compared the ecological impacts of certified and non-certified farmlands, or evaluated the economic outcomes of certification. However, few studies have assessed the long-term impacts of the certification scheme. This paper attempts to analyze the long-term outcomes of the Rainforest Alliance certification program through a case study of coffee farming practices in southwestern Ethiopia. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with key informants who were deeply involved in the certification program, together with field observations and secondary data collection. The results of the assessment indicated that some areas of the certified coffee forests have been deforested or ecologically degraded and that the Rainforest Alliance program requirements were not uniformly applied. The possible causes include rapid population increase, government policies promoting intensive coffee production, presence of members who did not participate in the certification program, a lack of conservation incentives, and loopholes in the auditing process. To determine the overall success of the Rainforest Alliance certification program would require: monitoring of population growth rates and providing alternative livelihood opportunities, promoting collaboration between environmental and agricultural government authorities, conducting a more stringent on-site inspection, and to provide direct incentives for environmental conservation to all farmers living in or near the certified areas.

Self-selection versus population-based sampling for evaluation of an agronomy training program in Uganda

ABSTRACT One of the challenges in evaluating the impact of agronomy training programs, particularly on downstream impacts such as yield, is identifying a sample of farmers who are likely to participate in the training. We assess farmers’ participation in a farm business training activity before the agronomy training intervention as a sample identification mechanism. The screening activity was designed to appeal to the same group of farmers targeted by a coffee agronomy training program, while having minimal impact on the program’s goal of increasing coffee yields. A three-session training on farm business management was conducted in 22 study villages in central Uganda. Coffee agronomy training was then offered in half of these villages, based on random assignment. The results show that 52% of coffee farmers who attended the first business training session subsequently attended agronomy training, compared to 22% of those identified through a census. Applying these results to the design of a large ongoing randomised controlled trial, we find that using a self-selected sample reduces the minimum detectable effect of agronomy training on coffee yield to 15.83%, compared to 38% if population-based sampling were used.

The understory microclimate in agroforestry now and in the future – a case study of Arabica coffee in its native range

Climate change is having a major impact on crop production and food security worldwide, and particularly so for smallholder farmers. As agroforestry is common with smallholder farmers, it is important to not only model the macroclimate, but also the microclimate that crops experience below the canopies. However, there are few high-resolution spatiotemporal climate projections for forest understories, because of constraints related to the lack of i) development of models for downscaling global climate projections, ii) high-resolution gridded datasets of environmental factors influencing microclimate, and iii) spatially replicated in-situ microclimate measurements. We focused on a landscape in southwestern Ethiopia where Arabica coffee originated, and, in the present day, is commonly grown as a shade crop. We first examined the relative contribution of in-situ field measurements vs. GIS-derived estimates of vegetation and topographic features in explaining in-situ microclimate. Second, we used a statistical downscaling approach to obtain past and future microclimate maps at 30-meter spatial resolution for the part of the landscape that is covered by trees. Predictive models using in-situ variables performed equal to models with GIS variables, indicating that remote sensing data might substitute for in-situ field measurements. Vegetation and topographic features were both important in explaining microclimatic variation. Our spatiotemporal projections of the microclimate indicate that coffee farming might have to relocate to higher altitudes due to increasing temperatures, that vegetation might buffer the macroclimate at middle altitudes to some extent, and that decreasing trends in relative humidity at the beginning of the wet season might become problematic for coffee production. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that we can rely on remote sensing data to create microclimate maps in landscapes where in-situ field measurements are challenging, and we suggest how these microclimate projections can be used as a tool to promote climate-resilient agriculture at the local and landscape levels.

Weed Availability as A Ruminant Forage Source on Coffee Farmers' Land in Kandang Village, Indonesia

The study aimed to calculate the availability of weeds as a source of forage for livestock in coffee farmers' land, Kandang Village, Seberang Musi District, Kepahiang Regency, Indonesia. The study employed the survey approach, with observations in the field and a questionnaire distributed to 81 families as the research sample. The research sample comprises 42 hectares of land. Weed samples were collected on a 1 m x 1 m square plot. The 17 squared plots were set randomly on the research site to identify weed species, production, nutrient content, and land-holding capacity of ruminants. The results of the study showed that there were 14 types of weeds in the field, namely Setaria plicata, Asystasia gangetica, Imperata cylindrica, Mikania micrantha, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Arachis pintoi, Kyllinga monocephala Rottb., Digitaria adscenden, Peperomia pellucida, Ageratum conyzoides, Chromolaena odorata, Borreria alata, Clidemia hirta, and Mimosa pudica. Weed production was estimated at 26.4 tons/ha/year. Five types of weeds contain good nutrition to be used as feed for ruminants. The weeds were S. plicata with water content (11.87), ash (7.11), fat (0.50), protein (11.15), crude fiber (26.43); B. alata, water content (9.52), ash (8.92), fat (1.66), protein (13.14), crude fiber (19.67); C. crepidioides, water content (15.80), ash (21.03), fat (1.47), protein (19.46), crude fiber (9.37); M. micrantha, water content (11.40), ash (6.53), fat (2.08), protein (12.93), crude fiber (17.35) and A. gangetica, water content (11.405), ash (9,135), fat (1,635), protein (13,645), crude fiber (23,91). The land-holding capacity of ruminants reaches two livestock units per year.

ANALISIS PENGARUH KALOR TERHADAP MUTU KOPI PADA PENGGUNAAN ALAT PENGERING HYBRID KOPI

Coffee is one of the plantation products that is highly recommended to be developed because it is able to become a source of state income and improve the economy where almost half a million Indonesians are entrepreneurs and coffee farmers. Heat is the process of transferring energy from a substance to another substance due to temperature differences. During this time, the coffee drying process is done in the traditional way. This drying process is not optimal because the temperature cannot be controlled properly, which affects the quality of the coffee. During rainy conditions, coffee is dried for a long time so that mold can occur. However, temperatures that are too high can also have a negative impact on coffee quality, especially on coffee aroma. The solution that can be done is to use a hybrid coffee drying machine. This study aims to analyze the effect of heat on the quality of coffee which in its production uses a hybrid coffee dryer. This research was conducted using the literature study method or literature study. The results showed that heat plays an important role in the quality of coffee quality in a hybrid coffee dryer. The quality of coffee depends on the temperature of the machine. The hybrid coffee drying machine is automatically designed where the temperature in the drying chamber is constant at the minimum temperature.

The Design of a Contract Farming Model for Coffee Tree Replanting

Coffee tree replanting is needed in Indonesia, yet a financing scheme is not available at the moment due to its economic feasibility and farmers’ reluctance to reinvest. This research aims to design contract farming for coffee tree replanting in Indonesia to support coffee farmer welfare. The method used in this study is Soft System Methodology (SSM), including interviews with several coffee cultivation respondents, with case studies in the Lampung region. The initial study indicates that the replanting program must integrate coffee farmers with banks or investors and coffee processing companies. The study of one farmer community successful in profiting from a new coffee production method enables the possibility of a new model of replanting through contract farming. Aside from banks, institutions that will have an essential role in the development of successful replanting are land owners and exporters or processing companies as offtakers. The implementation of the European Union Deforestation Regulation on traceability will impact Indonesia’s replanting effort, as exporters or importers will be accountable for the compliance of their supply chain. The five main factors that need to be evaluated consist of (1) financing as an initial investment, (2) farmer competencies as the farmer’s skill to implement the coffee tree replanting, (3) technology to ensure the successful implementation of coffee tree replanting, (4) production to maintain the income flow, and (5) synergy between actors to ensure the role in contract farming development.

Produktivitas Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica Linden.) pada Penaung Berbeda di Hutan Lindung Desa Sukalaksana Kabupaten Garut

The protected forest area managed by Perum Perhutani in Sukalaksana village is dominated by pine trees (Pinus merkusii) and rasamala trees (Altingia excelsa). Coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village grow arabica coffee using an agroforestry system under pine and rasamala stands within the framework of joint forest management. So that the arabica coffee commodity can have optimal economic value, coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village need to observe the productivity of arabica coffee plants. The research location is in the protected forest area of Sukalaksana village, Talegong district, Garut Regency. The object of observation was the soil in coffee plantations, Timtim varieties of arabica coffee plants, planted using an agroforestry system with rasamala trees and pine trees as shade. Data were analyzed descriptively using an uncorrelated t-test and linear regression analysis. Descriptively, there is no difference in the fertility level of coffee planting soil on land shaded by rasamala and land shaded by pine. The productivity of coffee plants under the rasamala shade is higher than that of coffee plants under the pine shade. This is caused by significant differences in the branch-free bole height of shade trees. The rasamala shade has its first crown branch, which is higher than the pine shade.

Establishing an Integrated Pest Management Program for Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in Hawaii and Puerto Rico Coffee Agroecosystems: Achievements and Challenges.

Coffee berry borer (CBB) is the most serious insect pest of coffee worldwide, causing significant reductions in yield and quality. Following the introduction of CBB to Puerto Rico (2007) and Hawaii (2010), researchers, extension agents, industry representatives, and coffee growers have worked together to develop an integrated pest management (IPM) program that is both effective and economically feasible for each island. Since the introduction of the IPM program in Hawaii, research efforts have led to a better understanding of CBB population dynamics, as well as optimized monitoring, cultural practices, and commercial Beauveria bassiana applications. As a result of these efforts, a substantial reduction in average CBB infestation and an increase in coffee yields and quality have been documented in Hawaii over the last decade. However, significant challenges remain in addressing high production and labor costs, limited availability of labor, and a lack of training for field workers in both regions. Although considerable effort has gone into research to support CBB IPM in Hawaii and Puerto Rico, the adoption of these strategies by coffee farmers needs to be increased. More diversified methods of outreach and education are needed to reach growers in rural, isolated areas. Significant gaps exist in the ability and willingness of growers and workers to access and digest information online, emphasizing the importance of on-farm workshops and farmer-to-farmer teaching. Additional methods of training are needed to help coffee farmers and field workers learn how to properly conduct cultural controls and optimize the use of biological control agents such as B. bassiana.

Coffee cooperatives and cross-border side-sales in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: two sides of the same coin

Abstract In the Eastern DRC, coffee farmers combine the different sales outlets available to them. Cooperative members sell coffee to the cooperatives they belong to as well as to informal markets, which include a channel of illegal cross-border smuggling. In this conflict affected region, the informal cross-border markets persist irrespective of the presence of cooperatives. This paper seeks to understand the motivating factors of the side-selling behavior of coffee cooperative members. We study the coffee production and sales of 339 cooperative members in the region and use a double hurdle model to understand which farm characteristics relate to the side-selling behavior. The omnipresence of side-selling in the cooperatives suggest that the unstable political and economic environment is conducive to this co-existence of informal trade and cooperative membership. Side-selling seems a deliberate strategy by the farmers that is tolerated by the cooperatives. The results suggest that farmers who are in a more precarious situation are more inclined to engage with informal markets. This is further underscored by the effect of food insecurity and lack of credit. Hence, the informal market is a safety net that allows immediate payment of coffee in contrast to cooperatives that are more formally organized.

SEKO ALAS MLEBU GELAS

Coffee is a potential commodity in Tegalsari, Menoreh Hills, Kulonprogo. Despite the potential for development, proper "black gold" cultivation activities; such as red picking, post-harvest handling, roasting, marketing and brewing methods have not yet become a culture among coffee farmers. Therefore, empowerment of coffee farmers through training is important. The research method and empowerment strategy were carried out using Participatory Action Research (PAR) procedures. The strategy of empowering coffee farmers was carried out through a process of adaptive, collaborative, and interactive with coffee farmers and enthusiasts as well as the local community of Menoreh. The three strategies are used to find a meeting point between the socio-cultural system of the coffee farming community and the coffee-loving community as stakeholders. The results of the analysis of the living conditions of coffee farmers in Tegalsari showed that the main problem for farmers to develop the coffee business is knowledge and technology. Based on these conditions, training was conducted for coffee farmers with materials; cultivation, post-harvest and brewing. The results of the training showed that the farmers were generally enthusiastic in participating in the training. There was an increase in knowledge based on the pre-test and post-test results. The key to increasing the income of coffee farmers is when they can unite the upstream activities of cultivation and post-harvest with the downstream activities of processing, roasting and brewing or in the expression bringing coffee "seko alas mlebu gelas" (from the field in the forest to the glass).

Attack Level Of Coffee Fruit Borer Pest (Hypothenemus hampei) And Branch Borer Pest (Xylosandrus compactus) In Central Dempo District Pagaralam City

Pagaralam is a city in South Sumatra Province with five districts: North Dempo, Central Dempo, South Dempo, North Pagaralam and South Pagaralam. The main commodity is coffee. Coffee cultivation has a major problem, namely the attack of fruit and branch borer pests because it can reduce the quality and productivity of coffee. This study was to determine the level of attack by fruit borer and branch borer in the Dempo Tengah sub-district. Coffee farmers in Pagaralam use monoculture and polyculture cultivation systems. This field practice method is observation, observation in this study, and interviews with coffee farmers. The results showed that the attack of young coffee berry borer pests can cause the fruit to wither and fall off, while ripe fruit has holes in its seeds. Branch borer attacks cause branches to wither and dry. The highest percentage of fruit and branch borer attacks on coffee plants was found in young mixed-aged coffee plantations. In conclusion, fruit borer and coffee branch borer are more susceptible to attacking coffee at a young age, because young coffee plants have soft plant organs. Lush shade creates high humidity and low temperatures, which can make it easier for pests to breed.

DESAIN DAN ANALSIS RANGKA PADA MESIN PENGUPAS BIJI KOPI BASAH MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE SOLIDWORKS

Coffee is a commodity that is currently developing. However, many coffee farmers in remote areas experience problems in increasing their business along with high market demand due to a lack of business support tools. The purpose of this paper is to find out the materials used in designing a wet coffee bean peeler machine. Design the frame of a wet coffee bean peeler machine using Solidwork software. Wet coffee bean peeler analysis. The type of iron to be used in the frame of this wet coffee bean peeler is galvanized angle iron with a size of 22 x 22 x 1.8 mm. The results obtained show that the von misses stress calculated using solidworks has the greatest stress of 69,654 Mpa. For von misses stress by manual calculation, a value of 71.707Mpa is obtained. The results obtained show that the displacement calculated using solidworks has the greatest stress of 0.293 mm. For displacement with manual calculations, a value of 0.163 mm is obtained. The results obtained show that the Factor of Safety value calculated using Solidworks has the greatest stress of 2,928 ul. For the Factor of Safety with manual calculations, a value of 2,830 ul was obtained.

Factors Affecting The Learning Process In Extension In Kepahiang District

Indonesia's coffee consumption over the last five years has shown an increase that is consistent with the current average estimate of coffee consumption per capita in Indonesia at around 1.11 kg/capita/year. Exports in the form of beans (green beans and roasts) decreased, on the other hand exports in the form of powder, instant coffee, and coffee drinks continued to increase, except for instant coffee in 2019 which suddenly declined. The stock of coffee beans in Indonesia in the last 5 years has decreased. Coffee imports by Indonesia over the last 5 years have continued to increase, except in the form of roasted beans which have decreased slightly. The stock of coffee beans in Indonesia for the last 5 years has continued to decline. Seeing this phenomenon, researchers are interested in factors that influence the learning process in counseling in Kepahyang Regency. Determination of respondents using the method of arikunto 10% of the total population, then obtained as many as 496 respondents who will be selected randomly. Analysis of research data using path equations, while data processing uses AMOS 22 software. The results show that the variables that have a significant influence on farmers' perceptions of the learning process in extension are; X2 (Farming experience), X4 (Farmers' participation in community institutions), X5 (Access to information), X7 (Farmers' perceptions of government policies).
 Keywords; Factors, Learning, Counseling, Coffee Farmers

Effectiveness of different traps and lures for coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) in São Tomé Island

Coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867), is a serious insect pest of organic coffee plantation in São Tomé Island. To date, limited information regarding the seasonal phenology of this pest species on the islands limits the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. As part of a coffee farmer training programme, three attractants were evaluated in red vs. transparent traps to assess olfactory and visual stimuli. The experiment was delineated in a split-block design with three types of attractants: commercial ethanol + 40 g of ripe Robusta coffee (A1), proportion 3:1 methanol and ethanol (A2), and commercial ethanol + 10 g of ground roasted Arabica coffee (A3); and two home-made transparent (D1) and red (D2) traps. The results showed that there was significant interaction between the trap model and the attractant for borer capture. The transparent trap baited with methanol and ethanol exhibited the best result with an average of 14.3 ± 5.4 adults/trap/week. Transparent traps baited captured more borers and largest numbers of beetles were trapped late May through September. In short, home-made traps alone are not effective for controlling the coffee berry borer, but they are useful in monitoring this species.

Social Capital and Its Role in the Development of Tambi Coffee

Agricultural development at various regional levels is largely determined by the active participation of all subjects of agricultural business actors both upstream and downstream. Main actors and business actors in agriculture play an important role in increasing products and productivity is also one of the indicators of the success rate of development in agriculture. The purpose of this study is to determine and interpret the forms of social capital that are owned by its use in the sustainability of the Tambi coffee business. The research methods used are in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study found that the social capital of Tambi coffee farmers was built with mutual trust in establishing good cooperative relationships, not only with fellow coffee farmers but also relationships with other parties. The sustainability of the coffee business is colored by norms found in daily life formed between coffee farmers, coffee entrepreneurs, and PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Dieng Unit. They adhere to these norms together in their business activities to make a profit. There is a value of the spirit of learning and working hard which aims to increase productivity, the value of friendliness, cleanliness as a form of action to bind relationships with consumers and customers, and creativity as a value to overcome competition in business. The use of social capital also has an impact on the preservation of Tambi coffee, Wonosobo Regency.

PEMANFAATAN SISTEM RESI GUDANG DI CV TRIANOM AGROTEKTUR (KADATUAN KOFFIE) DENGAN IKATAN KELOMPOK TANI

Coffee farmers are still often faced with the problem of unstable coffee selling prices during the harvest season to a price level that is not profitable for farmers. This problem often occurs in almost all agricultural commodity producers. Meanwhile, agricultural commodities themselves are very vulnerable to price fluctuations where during the main harvest the price will fall, while during a famine, prices will soar. One way to overcome this problem is to delay the sale of their crops, but farmers will need money in cash to finance their daily needs. One alternative way to deal with the various losses incurred by farmers due to the drop in coffee prices is to implement a warehouse receipt system. The Warehouse Receipt System (SRG) is a system innovation created by the Ministry of Trade (Kemendag). This WRS aims to overcome various problems that occur during the harvest season. The main problem that often occurs when the harvest season arrives is the decline in commodity prices. This will certainly be detrimental to both farmers. When using SRG, farmers will feel the benefits. Utilization of WRS that will be obtained by farmers is the profit from the difference in selling prices obtained during harvest and post-harvest. The benefits of this WRS will be obtained by the availability of facilities and infrastructure in the warehouse. However, not all farmers are willing to use this WRS. Therefore, in implementing WRS, it is necessary to provide training in the form of outreach, education, and success stories to farmers and institutions such as cooperatives to accommodate their crops. Based on the results of the implementation of community service entitled "Utilization of the Warehouse Receipt System at CV Trianom Agrotektur (Kadatuan Koffie) with Farmers Group Association", the following conclusions are obtained: (1) Training can increase farmers' knowledge regarding the use of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS); (2) Training encourages better problem solving through discussion and exchange of opinions regarding the utilization of the Warehouse Receipt System (WRS).