Coexistence Of Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide Research Articles

Ultrastructural evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in secretory vesicles of peripheral nerves in the guinea pig

Using double immunogold staining procedures, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like and substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivities were localized at the ultrastructural level to guinea pig trigeminal ganglia, dorsal root ganglia and peripheral nerve fibres associated with the vascular system. CGRP-like and SP-like immunoreactivities were found consistently in large granular secretory vesicles (70-100 nm in diameter), and both peptide immunoreactivities were co-localized to the same vesicle in both sensory ganglion cells and within axons and their terminals in the adventitia and adventitial-medial border of the superior mesenteric artery. These results suggest that CGRP and SP are co-stored and may be released together from peripheral axons in the guinea pig.

Coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide in cholinergic sympathetic innervation of rat sweat glands

Immunoreactivity for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been localized with indirect immunofluorescence techniques in the cholinergic sympathetic fibers that innervate eccrine sweat glands in the rat. This innervation also contains vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity (VIP-IR). A small proportion of principal neurons in stellate and lumbar sympathetic ganglia which provide innervation to the sweat glands contain detectable CGRP-immunoreactivity. The CGRP-IR neurons are immunoreactive for VIP; however, many VIP-IR neurons in these ganglia do not contain detectable levels of CGRP-IR.

Innervation of the feline cerebral vasculature by nerve fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide: Trigeminal origin and co-existence with substance P

The presence of a population of nerve fibers containing immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been demonstrated around cerebral arteries of the cat with immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. CGRP immunoreactivity in the feline cerebral vasculature, as characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, is similar to authentic rat CGRP. Numerous perikarya containing CGRP are present in the trigeminal ganglia, and surgical lesions of the trigeminal ganglia significantly reduce the levels of CGRP in the cerebral vasculature, suggesting that this cranial nerve is the principal origin of these cerebrovascular nerve fibers. As demonstrated by sequential immunocytochemistry, CGRP coexists with substance P both in the trigeminal ganglion and nerve fibers around cerebral blood vessels. The presence of CGRP in the cerebrovascular trigeminal innervation provides further versatility and complexity for this sensory afferent system putatively involved in the transmission of intracranial pain.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide coexists with substance P in capsaicin sensitive neurons and sensory ganglia of the rat

Immunohistochemical and radioimmunoassay studies revealed that both CGRP- and SP-like immunoreactivity in the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract, the substantia gelatinosa and the dorsal cervical spinal cord as well as in cell bodies of the trigeminal ganglion and the spinal dorsal root ganglion is markedly depleted by capsaicin which is known to cause degeneration of a certain number of primary sensory neurons. Higher brain areas and the ventral spinal cord were not affected by capsaicin treatment. Furthermore CGRP and substance P-like immunoreactivity were shown to be colocalized in the above areas and to coexist in cell bodies of the trigeminal ganglion and the spinal dorsal root ganglia. It is suggested that CGRP, like substance P, may have a neuromodulatory role on nociception and peripheral cardiovascular reflexes.

Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide- and choline acetyltransferase-like immunoreactivity in neurons of the rat hypoglossal, facial and ambiguus nuclei

The present immunocytochemical study demonstrates that calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRPI) coexists with acetylcholine in single cells of hypoglossal, facial and ambiguus nuclei. The experiments were done using alternate frozen sections from relevant regions of the rat brain. We further show that CGRPI is localized in the nerve terminals that form neuromuscular junctions in the tongue muscles.

Coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P-like peptide in single cells of the trigeminal ganglion of the rat: immunohistochemical analysis

The localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in the rat trigeminal ganglion was examined by means of the indirect immunofluorescent method. About 40% of neurons in the ganglion contained CGRP-like immunoreactivity (CGRPI), while about 20% of neurons showed SP-like immunoreactivity (SPI). In serial sections, nearly all the SPI neurons contained CGRPI.

Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide- and choline acetyl transferase-like immunoreactivity in the rat brain

Our study investigates the distribution of neurophysins (Nph), proteins that are part of the precursors for vasopressin and oxytocin, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the human brainstem by immunohistochemistry. Both peptides were found in discrete regions of the human hindbrain. Nph could be demonstrated exclusively in fibers and punctate perineural varicosities that were travelling within the mesencephalic central gray, substantia nigra, as well as locus coeruleus, medial longitudinal fascicle, raphe, nucleus of the solitary tract, lateral reticular nucleus and area postrema. A few varicosities were seen in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal trigeminal tract and its continuation into the dorsal horn of the cervical spinal cord. In contrast to these observations, CGRP-immunoreactive fibers were found to be densest in the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. In addition, fibers and varicosities could be demonstrated in numerous distinct brain regions, such as locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus, solitary tract, cuneate nucleus, raphe and periaqueductal gray. CGRP-immunoreactivity was also present in perikarya in the ventral horn of the spinal cord, as well as motor nuclei of cranial nerves, i.e. hypoglossal nucleus, ambiguus nucleus. Our results suggest that Nph-immunoreactivity in the human brainstem may be present predominantly within long fiber projections from hypothalamic neurosecretory nuclei, in analogy to data obtained from rodents, whereas CGRP may play a role in the branchiomotor system as well as in intrinsic or extrinsic projections involved in autonomic regulation and integration of sensory information.

Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide- and choline acetyl transferase-like immunoreactivity in the rat brain

Immunohistochemical evidence for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide- and choline acetyl transferase-like immunoreactivity in the rat brain

Immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P coexist in sensory neurons to the spinal cord and interact in spinal behavioral responses of the rat.

Using immunohistochemistry evidence was obtained for the coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- and substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivity in spinal sensory neurons. Analysis of caudally directed biting and scratching (CBS) behavior was carried out after intrathecal administration of CGRP and SP alone or in combination. Thus, SP (up to 20 micrograms) alone caused CBS only for a few minutes after injection, whereas SP (10 micrograms) plus CGRP (20 micrograms) caused a response with a duration up to 40 min. CGRP (20 micrograms) alone had no effects in this model. These findings provide support for a possible interaction of the two peptides at synapses in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

Na and Cl transport across gill chamber epithelium of Rana catesbeiana tadpoles.

ARTICLESNa and Cl transport across gill chamber epithelium of Rana catesbeiana tadpolesTH Dietz, and RH AlvaradoTH Dietz, and RH AlvaradoPublished Online:01 Apr 1974https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.226.4.764MoreSectionsPDF (2 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByRoad salt compromises functional morphology of larval gills in populations of an amphibianEnvironmental Pollution, Vol. 292Molecular mechanisms of local adaptation for salt‐tolerance in a treefrog20 March 2021 | Molecular Ecology, Vol. 30, No. 9Enhanced salt tolerance of euryhaline tadpoles depends on increased Na+, K+-ATPase expression after salinity acclimationComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol. 227Adaptive responses to salinity stress across multiple life stages in anuran amphibians1 August 2017 | Frontiers in Zoology, Vol. 14, No. 1Low salinity increases survival, body weight and development in tadpoles of the Chinese edible frog Hoplobatrachus rugulosus9 April 2015 | Aquaculture Research, Vol. 47, No. 10Changes in gastric sodium–iodide symporter (NIS) activity are associated with differences in thyroid gland sensitivity to perchlorate during metamorphosisGeneral and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 219Salinity acclimation enhances salinity tolerance in tadpoles living in brackish water through increased Na + , K + -ATPase expression8 October 2013 | Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology, Vol. 321, No. 1Irreversibility of a bad start: early exposure to osmotic stress limits growth and adaptive developmental plasticity29 October 2011 | Oecologia, Vol. 169, No. 1Damage to the gills and integument of Litoria fallax larvae (Amphibia: Anura) associated with ionoregulatory disturbance at low pHComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Vol. 155, No. 2Immunohistochemical coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P in the nerve fibers of the internal gills of bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) larvaeNeuroscience Letters, Vol. 158, No. 1Osmoregulatory-like mitochondria-rich cells in the developing pancreatic ducts of young anuran tadpoles6 February 2005 | Journal of Morphology, Vol. 216, No. 3Salinity tolerance and structure of external and internal gills in tadpoles of the crab-eating frog, Rana cancrivoraCell & Tissue Research, Vol. 267, No. 1Aerial Versus Aquatic Oxygen Consumption in Larvae of the Clawed Frog, Xenopus Laevis1 January 1984 | Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 108, No. 1Corticosteroids in serum of Rana catesbeiana during development and metamorphosisGeneral and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 52, No. 2A carrier enzyme basis for ammonium excretion in teleost gill. NH+4-stimulated Na-dependent ATPase activity in Opsanus betaComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 74, No. 4Sulfatide content and (Na++K+)-ATPase activity of skin and gill during larval development of the chilean frog,Calyptocephalella caudiverberaThe Journal of Membrane Biology, Vol. 51, No. 3-4Prolactin action on short circuit current in the developing tadpole skin: A comparison with ADHGeneral and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 38, No. 3A quantitative analysis of plasma osmotic pressure during metamorphosis of the bullfrogRana catesbeianaExperientia, Vol. 33, No. 11Thyroxine-induced gill resorption in the axolotl(ambystoma mexicanum)Journal of Morphology, Vol. 153, No. 3SOLUTE AND WATER MOVEMENT IN FRESHWATER BIVALVE MOLLUSKS (Pelecypoda; Unionidae; Corbiculidae; Margaritiferidae)CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS OF IONIC UPTAKE IN FRESHWATER ANIMALSIonic regulation in the freshwater mussel,Ligumia subrostrata (Say)Journal of Comparative Physiology B, Vol. 104, No. 1Active chloride transport across the skin of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris LComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 49, No. 2Tolérance ionique chez les larves de Salamandra salamandra L. (amphibien, urodèle), immergées dans l'eau distillée27 September 2008 | Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie, Vol. 82, No. 4 More from this issue > Volume 226Issue 4April 1974Pages 764-770 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1974 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.226.4.764PubMed4545045History Published online 1 April 1974 Published in print 1 April 1974 Metrics