Coevolution Theory Research Articles

Nonconvex resource control and lifetime optimization in wireless video sensor networks based on chaotic particle swarm optimization

Wireless video sensor networks (WVSNs) have attracted a lot of interest because of the enhancements that they offer to existing wireless sensor networks applications and their numerous potential in other research areas. However, the introduction of video raises new challenges. The transmission of video and imaging data requires both energy efficiency and quality of service (QoS) assurance in order to ensure the efficient use of sensor resources as well as the integrity of the collected information. To this end, this paper proposes a joint power, rate and lifetime management algorithm in WVSNs based on the network utility maximization framework. The optimization problem is always nonconcave, which makes the problem difficult to solve. This paper makes progress in solving this type of optimization problems using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Based on the movement and intelligence of swarms, PSO is a new evolution algorithm to look for the most fertile feeding location. It can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently. First, since chaotic mapping enjoys certainty, ergodicity and the stochastic property, the paper introduces chaos mapping into PSO with adaptive inertia weight factor to avoid the disadvantage of original PSO of easily getting to the local optimal solution in the later evolution period and keep the rapid convergence performance. Second, based on the distribution characteristics of the actual network, we decompose the resource control problem into a number of sub-problems using the hierarchical thought, where each user corresponds to a subsystem which is solved using the proposed CPSO3 method. Through the cooperative coevolution theory, these sub-optimization problems interact with each other to obtain the optimum of the system. Numerical examples show that our algorithm can guarantee fast convergence and fairness within a few iterations. Besides, it is demonstrated that our algorithm can solve the nonconvex optimization problems very efficiently.

The ‘Global Phylogeny’ and its Historical Legacy: A Critical Review of a Unified Theory of Human Biological and Linguistic Co-Evolution

In a critical review of late twentieth-century gene-culture co-evolutionary models labelled as ‘global phylogeny’, the authors present evidence for the long legacy of co-evolutionary theories in European-based thinking, highlighting that (1) ideas of social and cultural evolution preceded the idea of biological evolution, (2) linguistics played a dominant role in the formation of a unified theory of human co-evolution, and (3) that co-evolutionary thinking was only possible due to perpetuated and renewed transdisciplinary reticulations between scholars of different disciplines—especially within the integrative framework of the ‘humanid’ and the ‘hominid’ branches of anthropology.

Assessing population structure and host specialization in lichenized cyanobacteria

Coevolutionary theory predicts that the distribution of obligately symbiotic organisms will be determined by the dispersal ability and ecological range of both partners. We examined this prediction for lichen-forming fungi that form obligate symbioses with cyanobacteria. We compared genotypes of both partners of 250 lichens collected at multiple spatial scales in British Columbia, Canada. Multilocus sequence data collected from a subset of 128 of the specimens were used to determine the degree of recombination within the cyanobacterial populations. We found that six distinct clusters of cyanobacterial genotypes are distributed throughout the known global phylogeny of the genus Nostoc, and that each appears to be evolving clonally. Fungal specialization is high, with each species associating with either one or two of the cyanobacterial clusters, while cyanobacterial specialization varies, with clusters associating with between one and 12 different fungal species. Specialization also varies geographically, with some combinations restricted to a single site despite the availability of both partners elsewhere. Photobiont association patterns are determined by a combination of genetically based specificity, spatial population structure, and ecological factors and cannot be easily predicted by photobiont dispersal syndromes.

Social complexity parallels vocal complexity: a comparison of three non-human primate species.

Social factors play a key role in the structuring of vocal repertoires at the individual level, notably in non-human primates. Some authors suggested that, at the species level too, social life may have driven the evolution of communicative complexity, but this has rarely been empirically tested. Here, we use a comparative approach to address this issue. We investigated vocal variability, at both the call type and the repertoire levels, in three forest-dwelling species of Cercopithecinae presenting striking differences in their social systems, in terms of social organization as well as social structure. We collected female call recordings from twelve De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus), six Campbell's monkeys (Cercopithecus campbelli) and seven red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus) housed in similar conditions. First, we noted that the level of acoustic variability and individual distinctiveness found in several call types was related to their importance in social functioning. Contact calls, essential to intra-group cohesion, were the most individually distinctive regardless of the species, while threat calls were more structurally variable in mangabeys, the most “despotic” of our three species. Second, we found a parallel between the degree of complexity of the species' social structure and the size, diversity, and usage of its vocal repertoire. Mangabeys (most complex social structure) called twice as often as guenons and displayed the largest and most complex repertoire. De Brazza's monkeys (simplest social structure) displayed the smallest and simplest repertoire. Campbell's monkeys displayed an intermediate pattern. Providing evidence of higher levels of vocal variability in species presenting a more complex social system, our results are in line with the theory of a social-vocal coevolution of communicative abilities, opening new perspectives for comparative research on the evolution of communication systems in different animal taxa.

Using the theory of coevolution to predict protein-protein interactions in non-small cell lung cancer

Systems biology has become an effective approach for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of lung cancer. In this study, sequences of 100 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-related proteins were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases. The Theory of Coevolution was then used to build a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of NSCLC. Adopting the reverse thinking approach, we analyzed the NSCLC proteins one at a time. Fifteen key proteins were identified and categorized into a special protein family F (K), which included Cyclin D1 (CCND1), E-cadherin (CDH1), Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12), epidermal growth factor (EGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), TNF receptor superfamily, member 6 (FAS), FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin associated protein 1 (FRAP1), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), parkinson protein 2, E3 Ubiquitin protein ligase (PARK2), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), calcium channel voltage-dependent alpha 2/delta subunit 2 (CACNA2D2), tubulin beta class I (TUBB), SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 2 (SMARCA2), and wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7A (WNT7A). Seven key nodes of the sub-network were identified, which included PARK2, WNT7A, SMARCA2, FRAP1, CDKN2A, CCND1, and EGFR. The PPI predictions of EGFR-EGF, PARK2-FAS, PTEN-FAS, and CACNA2D2-CDH1 were confirmed experimentally by retrieving the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID) and PubMed databases. We proposed that the 7 proteins could serve as potential diagnostic molecular markers for NSCLC. In accordance with the developmental mode of lung cancer established by Sekine et al., we assumed that the occurrence and development of lung cancer were linked not only to gene loss in the 3p region (WNT7A, 3p25) and genetic mutations in the 9p region but also to similar events in the regions of 1p36.2 (FRAP1), 6q25.2-q27 (PARK2), and 11q13 (CCND1). Lastly, the invasion or metastasis of lung cancer happened.

Plant–animal communication

There are numerous excellent books about plant–pollinator and plant–herbivore interactions, and books about plant defence, but none of these covers the process of communication between plants and animals as comprehensively as this volume. The authors define communication as occuring ‘if traits of the sender stimulate the sensory systems of the receiver in such a way as to cause a change in the behaviour of the receiver’. In most cases the signal – visual, olfactory, gustatory or acoustic – is released by the plant. The focus in this book is on olfactory and visual signals. In addition, the authors give examples of how insects can detect plant quality just by walking on it and sensing the taste with gustatory sensors in their legs. Acoustic communication is exemplified by the noise of fruit falling into water, where fruit-feeding fish are alerted to this food source, eat the fruit and subsequently disperse seeds. Acoustic communication is also linked to bat-pollinated plants, which have mirror-like structures in their flowers to strongly reflect bat echolocation calls back to the sender. The authors have taken an evolutionary ecological approach, setting the key questions of whether communication between plants and animals is primarily adaptive or whether it is a by-product of other selective pressures. The book has eleven chapters, including ones on animal sensory ecology and biochemistry, animals as seed dispersers, visual and non-visual fruit traits, floral communication and pollination, plant crypsis, aposematism and mimicry, chemical communication between plants and herbivores, and sensory aspects of carnivorous plants. Chapter 7 is devoted to the potential for leaf colouration to communicate to animals. When the evolutionary biologist W. D. Hamilton and colleagues presented the co-evolutionary theory to explain the autumn colouration of temperate tree foliage, it stimulated research on leaf colouration and provoked a rather heated debate between supporters and critics. Theory suggests that intensity of colouration is a signal revealing the defensive commitment of the individual plant, and autumn-migrating insects use this signal to select less-defended plants. Of the book's authors, Schaefer has shown a critical attitude towards the autumn leaf co-evolution hypothesis in his earlier publications, but the review and analysis of the issue in this book is very balanced. The authors suggest more choice trials to test the hypothesis and to assess different selective pressures that might contribute to the relationship between leaf colouration and insect choice. The four-page colour plates in the book give good examples of visual communication. The illustration of functional camouflage, showing how differently coloured, folivorous insects can take advantage of the variable colours of leaf venation when positioned on leaves, is particularly educational. The redrawn black and white figures are clear and informative throughout the book. The book covers most of the aspects related to biological communication between plants and animals, particularly in terrestrial ecosystems. As the ecosystems of our planet are facing extremely rapid changes due to human activity, the impacts of environmental disturbance on plant–animal communication ought to have deserved its own chapter, or better treatment in the future perspectives section of each chapter. Changes in plant–animal interactions are considered one of the most sensitive indicators of environmental and climatic change, and the change is often attributed to a dramatic decline in communication. A good example is the function of plant scents as long-distance communication signals in ecological communities, with essential roles in a range of interactions. These molecules display sensitivity to present-day atmospheric pollutants resulting in much faster degradation of molecular structure and shorter communication ranges than in pre-industrial atmospheres (e.g. McFrederick et al., 2009). When this loss of communication by long-distance olfactory signals is combined with the current trend for faster fragmentation of the natural habitats of many plant and animal species, we may better understand ecologically important trends such as the swift decline of pollinators across the world. Perhaps the next edition of this book could discuss if evolution of plant–animal communication is fast enough to respond to this anthropogenic challenge. Otherwise, the authors have put together an excellent book on communication, ranging from sensory ecology to plant physiology, evolution and the behavioural sciences. For researchers it will give a critical synthesis of the current literature in the diverse field of biological communication research. For students it will be an excellent source of information for advanced courses related to botany, zoology, pollination biology, evolution and ecology.

Rethinking Primate Origins Again

In 1974, Cartmill introduced the theory that the earliest primate adaptations were related to their being visually oriented predators active on slender branches. Given more recent data on primate-like marsupials, nocturnal prosimians, and early fossil primates, and the context in which these primates first appeared, this theory has been modified. We hypothesize that our earliest primate relatives were likely exploiting the products of co-evolving angiosperms, along with insects attracted to fruits and flowers, in the slender supports of the terminal branch milieu. This has been referred to as the primate/angiosperm co-evolution theory. Cartmill subsequently posited that: "If the first euprimates had grasping feet and blunt teeth adapted for eating fruit, but retained small divergent orbits…" then the angiosperm coevolution theory would have support. The recent discovery of Carpolestes simpsoni provides this support. In addition, new field data on small primate diets, and a new theory concerning the visual adaptations of primates, have provided further evidence supporting the angiosperm coevolution theory.

Evaluation of insect CAP2b analogs with either an (E)-alkene, trans- or a (Z)-alkene, cis-Pro isostere identifies the Pro orientation for antidiuretic activity in the stink bug

The CAP2b neuropeptide family plays an important role in the regulation of the processes of diuresis and/or antidiuresis in a variety of insects. While Manse-CAP2b (pELYAFPRV-NH2) and native CAP2bs elicit diuretic activity in a number of species of flies, native CAP2b sequences have been shown to elicit antidiuretic activity in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus and the green stink bug Acrosternum hilare, the latter being an important pest of cotton and soybean in the southern United States. Analogs of CAP2b containing either a (Z)-alkene, cis-Pro or an (E)-alkene, trans-Pro isosteric component were synthesized and evaluated in an in vitro stink bug diuretic assay, which involved measurement of fluid secretion by Malpighian tubules isolated from A. hilare. The conformationally constrained trans-Pro analog demonstrated statistically significant antidiuretic activity, whereas the cis-Pro analog failed to elicit activity. The results are consistent with the adoption of a trans orientation for the Pro in CAP2b neuropeptides during interaction with receptors associated with the antidiuretic process in the stink bug. In addition, the results are further consistent with a theory of ligand-receptor coevolution between the CAP2b and pyrokinin/PBAN neuropeptide classes, both members of the ‘-PRXamide’ superfamily. This work further identifies a scaffold with which to design mimetic CAP2b analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting CAP2b-regulated diuretic/antidiuretic functions.

Una teoría darwinista de la coevolución gen-cultura

Darwin believed that his theory of evolution would stand or fall on its ability to account for human behavior. The ideas in the Descent of Man were widely discussed by his contemporaries although they were far from the only evolutionary theories current in the late 19th Century. Darwin’s specific evolutionary ideas and those of his main followers had very little impact on the social sciences as they emerged as separate disciplines in the early 20th Century. The social and biological sciences continued to diverge until the late part of the twentieth century. In the 1960s, Donald T. Campbell, an American social psychologist, published some of the first theoretical work that adapted principles of evolutionary theory to the problem of the evolution of cultures. Since the pioneering work of Campbell several research programmes on evolutionary approaches to human culture have been developed. Here we sketch our own theory of gene-culture coevolution. Despite his prestige, Darwin convinced only a few of his contemporaries that he had the correct theory of the origin of the human mind. His strongest influence was on the pioneering psychologists, Romanes, Morgan, James, and Baldwin, but their importance in psychology waned drastically after the turn of the 20th Century (Richards, 1987). No 20th Century social science derives any significant influence from the Descent of Man, and to this day, eminent social scientists are quite hostile to Darwinism. How can it be that a theory can generate so much controversy, and yet not attract enough critical work to test its worth for over a century? Can we flesh out a satisfactory theory of the evolution of human behavior along Darwinian lines, or is the enterprise really fatally flawed?

The Population Structure of Antibiotic-Producing Bacterial Symbionts ofApterostigma dentigerumAnts: Impacts of Coevolution and Multipartite Symbiosis

Fungus-growing ants (Attini) are part of a complex symbiosis with Basidiomycetous fungi, which the ants cultivate for food, Ascomycetous fungal pathogens (Escovopsis), which parasitize cultivars, and Actinobacteria, which produce antibiotic compounds that suppress pathogen growth. Earlier studies that have characterized the association between attine ants and their bacterial symbionts have employed broad phylogenetic approaches, with conclusions ranging from a diffuse coevolved mutualism to no specificity being reported. However, the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution proposes that coevolved interactions likely occur at a level above local populations but within species. Moreover, the scale of population subdivision is likely to impact coevolutionary dynamics. Here, we describe the population structure of bacteria associated with the attine Apterostigma dentigerum across Central America using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of six housekeeping genes. The majority (90%) of bacteria that were isolated grouped into a single clade within the genus Pseudonocardia. In contrast to studies that have suggested that Pseudonocardia dispersal is high and therefore unconstrained by ant associations, we found highly structured ([Formula: see text]) and dispersal-limited (i.e., significant isolation by distance; [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) populations over even a relatively small scale (e.g., within the Panama Canal Zone). Estimates of recombination versus mutation were uncharacteristically low compared with estimates for free-living Actinobacteria (e.g., [Formula: see text] in La Selva, Costa Rica), which suggests that recombination is constrained by association with ant hosts. Furthermore, Pseudonocardia population structure was correlated with that of Escovopsis species ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), supporting the bacteria's role in disease suppression. Overall, the population dynamics of symbiotic Pseudonocardia are more consistent with a specialized mutualistic association than with recently proposed models of low specificity and frequent horizontal acquisition.

The roles of ecological fitting, phylogeny and physiological equivalence in understanding realized and fundamental host ranges in endoparasitoid wasps

Co-evolutionary theory underpins our understanding of interactions in nature involving plant-herbivore and host-parasite interactions. However, many studies that are published in the empirical literature that have explored life history and development strategies between endoparasitoid wasps and their hosts are based on species that have no evolutionary history with one another. Here, we investigated novel associations involving two closely related solitary endoparasitoids that originate from Europe and North America and several of their natural and factitious hosts from both continents. The natural hosts of both species are also closely related, all being members of the same family. We compared development and survival of both parasitoids on the four host species and predicted that parasitoid performance is better on their own natural hosts. In contrast with this expectation, survival, adult size and development time of both parasitoids were similar on all (with one exception) hosts, irrespective as to their geographic origin. Our results show that phylogenetic affinity among the natural and factitious hosts plays an important role in their nutritional suitability for related parasitoids. Evolved traits in parasitoids, such as immune suppression and development, thus enable them to successfully develop in novel host species with which they have no evolutionary history. Our results show that host suitability for specialized organisms like endoparasitoids is closely linked with phylogenetic history and macro-evolution as well as local adaptation and micro-evolution. We argue that the importance of novel interactions and 'ecological fitting' based on phylogeny is a greatly underappreciated concept in many resource-consumer studies.

Can a Place Learn?

Site-specific performance concerned with environmental change involves reciprocal, if uneven, influences between changes in human perception and experience and changes in the creative manifold that is called ‘place’ or ‘site’. Learning is a form of change associated with living beings. This essay poses the question of whether learning is a capability also found within the wider systems of relations between the living beings and non-living entities composing a place. The question requires keeping the subject who learns, but proposes another realm of capacity, the relational field. The steps to consider the question begin with Naess' theories of reality as a relational, experienced as a complex of internally related gestalts. Uexküll's ecological theory finds that there are no autonomous entities, only the entwining of co-evolving organisms and their milieu. This entwining is expanded on by Bateson in his theories of mind, systems and co-evolution. Three of Bateson's categories of learning apply to the question: that of zero-learning; learning to make varying choices in repeatable contexts; and of deutero-learning, the cross-species learning about the context of learning from which new patterns of interaction are generated. Learning is cognate with but different to creativity, adaptation and emergence. This learning within the relational field would pre-date the human and human normative intentions; what is being learned may be toxic. The question is offered as a provocation, as a heuristic for experimentation, asking whether and how performance can engage with the realm of deutero-learning in relation to place. It asks how performance can recognise and represent a phenomenon in which human capabilities are de-stabilised, and in which human experience is inherent, as in the constitution of a place, but off-centre. The question, too, is like a concept or abstraction. For Whitehead, abstractions are raised in response to a problem, and they lure one's attention to something that matters.

Genes, Culture, and Agriculture

Theory and empirical data from a variety of disciplines strongly imply that recent human history involves extensive gene-culture coevolution, much of it as a direct result of human agricultural practices. Here we draw on niche-construction theory (NCT) and gene-culture coevolutionary theory (GCT) to propose a broad theoretical framework (NCT-GCT) with which archaeologists and anthropologists can explore coevolutionary dynamics. Humans are enormously potent niche constructors, and understanding how niche construction regulates ecosystem dynamics is central to understanding the impact of human populations on their ecological and developmental environments. We use as primary examples the evolution of dairying by Neolithic groups in Europe and Africa and the rise of the “sickle-cell allele” among certain agricultural groups in West Africa and suggest that these examples are broadly representative of much of human recent history. Although the core aspects of these case studies are familiar, we lay out the exam...

Social Chronology Theory: A Multiperspective Approach to Career Studies

Using three perspectives inherent in career studies – ontic, spatial, and temporal – and the respective core operations, constructs and distinctions, Social Chronology Theory, a multiperiod, multilevel and coevolutionary process theory, offers a framework and language that links career and broader organizational studies. In addition, it provides a blueprint for systematically developing theoretical concepts and models for concrete research and uncovers connections between seemingly unconnected areas of career studies.

Co-evolution theory and its application in fertilization model

Due to the limitation of the fixed mathematical structure,it can not fit all the data;as a result,some experimental results may be discarded in constructing fertilization model,which results in a waste of some data.To solve these problems,the algorithm of fertilization construction model based on co-evolution theory was proposed.The algorithm divided the whole construction model problem into two sub-problems: model structure construction and model parameter optimization.In addition,the two sub-problems were abstracted as co-evolution among various groups.The processes of using genetic programming to construct the model structure and genetic algorithm to optimize the model parameters were carried out in collaboration.The results show that the algorithm not only generates the dynamic model automatically based on the historical experimental data but also has higher accuracy.

The Context of Innovation Journeys

While the innovation literature offers many insights about the dynamics of innovations and to some extent their embedding in society, the contexts in which this happens are often treated as specific and/or contingent. After a brief theoretical discussion of co‐evolutionary and actor‐network theories, I show that there are general patterns (‘layers’) in the context, in particular, niches, regimes and socio‐technical landscapes. A new ‘layer’ of institutionalized anticipatory co‐ordination is emerging, stimulated by the challenge of handling emerging technologies like nanotechnology. The analysis in terms of ‘layers’ raises questions about what the scope of agency can be.

Co-evolutionary dynamics in strategic alliances: The influence of the industry lifecycle

This article examines the application of co-evolutionary theory to the way in which firms form, perform, compete and change within alliance relationships over the period of the industry life cycle. This extends the work of Volberda and Lewin who extensively critiqued the use of single-theme explanations for explaining the adaption and selection of firms. Delineating the aspects of change (adaptation) and selection, and using case material from different stages of the Industry life cycle, we propose that co-evolution is a better explanator of strategic alliance and industry dynamics at early and late stages of the cycle, whilst evolution and survival of the fittest is more useful in the middle stages.

Clusters, entrepreneurial ecosystem co-creation, and appropriability: a conceptual framework

Extant literature on clusters underplays the role of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial management in creating and co-creating organizations, markets, and supporting ecosystems. We employ transaction costs, resource-knowledge-capabilities and power-control-based theories to provide a comparative static governance-based perspective on clusters. We embed this into a more general co-evolutionary entrepreneurial theory of the emergence, evolution and co-evolution of markets, ecosystems, and clusters. We suggest that clusters can involve advantages that help engender superior appropriation of co-created value, as compared to alternatives. Entrepreneurial managers, faced with a degree of choice, will help co-create clusters and be part of them, for as long as they can appropriate more value in this way than through alternatives.

Deinternationalisation: towards a coevolutionary framework

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine deinternationalisation through the lens of coevolutionary theory. The intention is to offer a fuller understanding of the processes and strategic challenges involved in this process and establish a path for future research in this area of internationalisation theory.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws links between emerging themes in organizational theory and internationalisation to aid the conceptual development and understanding of the process of deinternationalisation.FindingsThe exploration of links between organizational theory and internationalisation allows for the process of deinternationalisation to be more fully distinguished. The paper identifies processes of managed selection and retardation that will inform this process of organizational change.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst there are concerns over the applicability of concepts from natural sciences within the social sciences, the paper does offer a number of research propositions to guide future academic investigation within the field of deinternationalisation.Originality/valueBy linking research on coevolution to the study of internationalisation, the paper contributes to the understanding of the emergence of differing paths and trajectories involved in the process of international contraction and expansion. Furthermore, coevolutionary theory allows the process of deinternationalisation to be conceptualized as a means of generating and guiding future study on this under‐explored area of internationalization research.

Co-evolutionary immuno-particle swarm optimization with penetrated hyper-mutation for distributed inventory replenishment

This article is betrothed to serve as a continuation of the emerging swarm techniques to solve supply chain problems. Our aim is to map some of the pressing research challenges contributed by the artificial intelligence community and to develop an improved algorithm: Co-evolutionary immuno-particle swarm optimisation with penetrated hyper-mutation (COIPSO-PHM). In this paper, we proposed a new algorithm which uses clonal selection approach in particle swarm optimisation by embedding co-evolutionary theory to solve the problem of inventory replenishment in distributed plant–warehouse–retailer system. Constraint handling is explicitly taken care by implanting augmented lagrangian concept. To demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm, its performance are evaluated and compared on 10 benchmarked problems (made constrained problem via random initialisation in the infeasible zone) including functions with uni-modalities as well as multi-modalities. The result follows shows superior performance of the algorithm in every respect.