Multiple Correlation Coefficient Research Articles

Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Puskesmas Mijen Semarang

This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of work stress and workload on employee performance at the Mijen Semarang Community Health Center partially and simultaneously. The location of this research is the Mijen Semarang Community Health Center. The research sample consisted of seventy-two people according to the total number of employees at the Mijen Semarang Community Health Center using the census method. The analysis in this research uses multiple regression analysis, f test, t test and coefficient of determination. Based on multiple regression analysis, it shows that work stress has a significant negative influence on employee performance. The higher the work stress, the lower the employee's performance. Workload has a significant negative influence on employee performance. The higher the workload, the lower the employee's performance. The results of the f test show that the work stress and workload variables simultaneously influence employee performance. The t test results show that the test results are in accordance with the proposed hypothesis and can be accepted. The coefficient of determination shows the magnitude of the influence of work stress and workload on employee performance. Keywords: Workload, Employee Performance, Work Stress

Validation of OpenCap: A low-cost markerless motion capture system for lower-extremity kinematics during return-to-sport tasks

Low-cost markerless motion capture systems offer the potential for 3D measurement of joint angles during human movement. This study aimed to validate a smartphone-based markerless motion capture system’s (OpenCap) derived lower extremity kinematics during common return-to-sport tasks, comparing it to an established optoelectronic motion capture system. Athletes with prior anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (12–18 months post-surgery) performed three movements: a jump-landing-rebound, single-leg hop, and lateral-vertical hop. Kinematics were recorded concurrently with two smartphones running OpenCap’s software and with a 10-camera, marker-based motion capture system. Validity of lower extremity joint kinematics was assessed across 437 recorded trials using measures of agreement (coefficient of multiple correlation: CMC) and error (mean absolute error: MAE, root mean squared error: RMSE) across the time series of movement. Agreement was best in the sagittal plane for the knee and hip in all movements (CMC > 0.94), followed by the ankle (CMC = 0.84–0.93). Lower agreement was observed for frontal (CMC = 0.47–0.78) and transverse (CMC = 0.51–0.6) plane motion. OpenCap presented a grand mean error of 3.85° (MAE) and 4.34° (RMSE) across all joint angles and movements. These results were comparable to other available markerless systems. Most notably, OpenCap’s user-friendly interface, free software, and small physical footprint have the potential to extend motion analysis applications beyond conventional biomechanics labs, thus enhancing the accessibility for a diverse range of users.

Evaluating the Repeatability of Musculoskeletal Modelling Force Outcomes in Gait among Chronic Stroke Survivors: Implications for Contemporary Clinical Practice

This study aims to evaluate the consistency of musculoskeletal modelling outcomes during walking in chronic post-stroke patients, focusing on both affected and unaffected sides. Understanding the specific muscle forces involved is crucial for designing targeted rehabilitation strategies to improve balance and mobility after a stroke. Musculoskeletal modelling provides valuable insights into muscle and joint loading, aiding clinicians in analysing essential biomarkers and enhancing patients’ functional outcomes. However, the repeatability of these modelling outcomes in stroke gait has not been thoroughly explored until now. Twelve post-stroke, hemiparetic survivors were included in the study, which consisted of a gait analysis protocol to capture kinematic and kinetic variables. Two generic full body MSK models—Hamner (Ham) and Rajagopal (Raj)—were used to compute joint angles and muscle forces during walking, with combinations of two muscle force estimation algorithms (Static Optimisation (SO) and Computed Muscle Control (CMC)) and different joint degrees-of-freedoms (DOF). The multiple correlation coefficient (MCCoef) was used to compute repeatability for all forces, grouped based on anatomical function. Regardless of models and DOFs, the mean minimum (0.75) and maximum (0.94) MCCoefs denote moderate-to-excellent repeatability for all muscle groups. The combination of the Ham model and SO provided the most repeatable muscle force estimations of all the muscle groups except for the hip flexors, adductors and internal rotators. DOF configuration did not generally affect muscle force repeatability in the Ham–SO case, although the 311 seemed to relate to the highest values. Lastly, the DOF setting had a significant effect on some muscle groups’ force output, with the highest magnitudes reported for the 321 and 322 of non-paretic and paretic hip adductors and extensors, knee flexors and ankle dorsiflexors and paretic knee flexors. The primary findings of our study can assist users in selecting the most suitable modelling workflow and encourage the widespread adoption of MSK modelling in clinical practice.

Factors Influencing Shopee Users’ Purchase Decisions: An Islamic Economics Perspective

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of product reviews and trust on Shopee purchasing behavior from the perspective of Islamic Economics. Data was gathered via surveys and analyzed using data analysis procedures such as the validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F test, and coefficient of determination. This study makes use of product review factors, trust variables, and purchasing decision variables. The result indicates product review and trust are significant positives to purchasing decisions. The study emphasizes the importance of product evaluations and trust in influencing shopping decisions on Shopee within the context of Islamic Economics. Recognizing the interaction of these elements may help firms, platform operators, and legislators make strategic decisions about how to create a climate conducive to internet trade while adhering to ethical and Islamic standards.

Pengaruh Return On Asset (ROA), Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), Dan Earning Per Share (EPS) Terhadap Harga Saham PT Mayora Indah Tbk

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of Return On Assets (ROA), Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), and Earning Per Share (EPS) partially and simultaneously on the share price of PT Mayora Indah Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. This research method uses secondary data taken through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange regarding the financial reports and share prices of PT Mayora Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. With descriptive statistical analysis tools, classic assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and coefficient of determination test (R𝟐). Based on the analysis, it was concluded that partial Return On Assets (ROA) did not have a significant effect on the share price of PT Mayora Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR) partially has no significant effect on the share price of PT Mayora Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. Earnings Per Share (EPS) partially has a significant effect on the share price of PT Mayora Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. Return On Assets (ROA), Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), and Earning Per Share (EPS) simultaneously do not have a significant effect on the share price of PT Mayora Tbk for the 2015-2022 period. Keywords: Return On Assets (ROA), Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Share Price.

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Kualitas Produk Dan Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Warung Tepi Setu

This scientific research aims to analyze the influence of product quality, service quality and price on consumer satisfaction at Warung Tepi Setu (case study of consumers at Warung Tepi Setu, Jalan Citayam. Cipayung, Depok City). The data collection method used was a questionnaire with a sample size of 100 respondents who are consumers of Warung Tepi Setu. The analysis methods used are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Autocorrelation Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Partial Test (t), Simultaneous Test (F) and Coefficient of Determination Test (R2). The testing tool used is SPSS v.22. The results of research using the Partial Test (T) show that the variables of product quality, service quality and price partially influence consumer satisfaction. Through the Simultaneous Test (F), it shows that the variables product quality, service quality and price simultaneously influence consumer satisfaction. Meanwhile, the Coefficient of Determination Test (R2) shows that product quality, service quality and price have a 26.2% effect on consumer satisfaction. Keywords: Service Quality, Product Quality, Price, Consumer Satisfaction

Evaluation of the nexus between student attitude, teacher teaching methods, and achievement in junior secondary school mathematics

This study investigated the relationship among students’ attitudes, teachers’ teaching methods, and mathematics achievement in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study employed a correlational research design. The population consisted of all the public junior secondary school students in Lagos State. The stratified sampling technique was used to select 30 junior secondary schools across the six education districts in the state, and the simple random sampling technique was used to select 900 students from the selected schools. Participants completed standardised instruments: the Student Attitude Questionnaire (α=0.77), the Teacher Teaching Methods Questionnaire (α=0.92), and the Mathematics Achievement Test (α=0.89). The data collected were analysed using frequency, percentage, Pearson product moment correlation, and multiple regression at α=0.05. The majority of the respondents (75 %) were between 12 and 15 years old, of which 341 were boys and 342 were girls. There is a low positive significant relationship between students’ attitudes and students’ mathematics achievement (r=0.24) and between teachers’ teaching methods and students’ mathematics achievement (r=0.17). The multiple correlation coefficients (R) of all the variables were 0.25. The adjusted R2, which estimates the variance of the dependent variable measured, was 0.06. This implies that all the independent variables students’ attitudes and teachers’ teaching methods—made a 6 % contribution to the variance in students’ achievement in mathematics (F=29.029). It is recommended that students be motivated to have the right attitude towards mathematics and that appropriate teaching methods be employed throughout the teaching-learning process.

The Influence of Principal Leadership and Teacher Motivation to Improve Student Learning Achievement in Public Elementary Schools

This research aims to analyze the influence of principal leadership and teacher motivation to improve student learning achievement in State Elementary Schools in Batee District. This research uses a quantitative approach, this type of research uses correlation research methods. This research used 125 samples by dividing them into each elementary school in Batee District. Data collection in this research used questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis in this research used the SPSS version 26 program. In this research, validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, hypothesis tests and coefficient of determination tests (R2) were used. The research results prove that the principal's leadership partially has a significant effect on student learning achievement. Teacher work motivation partially has a significant effect on student learning achievement. The principal's leadership and teacher work motivation simultaneously have a significant effect on student learning achievement.

Correlation of Leg Length and Leg Muscle Strength on Leg Muscle Explosive Power of Men's Volleyball Student Activity Unit (UKM) Participants, PGRI Mahadewa University Indonesia

This study is a correlational study, because there is no relationship (correlation) between free variables and bound variables. The study population was the participants of the Student Activity Unit (SAU) of Putra Volleyball Universitas PGRI Mahadewa Indonesia, the total number of 39 people, while the technique used to take samples was by inclusion and exclusion techniques, namely: of the same sex, age ranges from 18-22 years, with good physical fitness, height 170-190 cm, body weight between 65-85 kg, and willing to participate in research. From the results of the data analysis, the value of the multiple correlation coefficient (R) =0.946 was obtained. This shows that there is a very strong correlation between limb length and limb muscle strength and limb muscle explosiveness of the participants of Student Activity Unit (SAU) of Putra Volleyball Universitas PGRI Mahadewa indonesia. From the calculation of the coefficient of determination or coefficient of determination (CD) is obtained KP= 89.49%. This means that the length of the limb and the strength of the limb muscles determine or determine by 89.49% the explosive power of the limb muscles of the participants of Student Activity Unit (SAU) Putra Volleyball Universitas PGRI Mahadewa indonesia, while the remaining 10.51% was determined by other factors not studied in this study. The F test calculation obtained an F-count value of 153.29 greater than the F-table of 3.26; so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted (significant). Thus, it can be concluded that, there is a correlation of limb length and limb muscle strength to limb muscle explosiveness of participants of Student Activity Unit (SAU) of Putra Volleyball Universitas PGRI Mahadewa Indonesia.

Civic Responsibility among Young Generation: A Case Study of Universities in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

The objectives of the study was to explore the levels of the civic participation, civic characteristics of the university students and efforts made by the universities to develop a good sense of civic responsibility in the students. Present study was a quantitative descriptive research based on survey questions asked from the students belonged to four out of nine large universities from Southern Punjab. A Stratified random sampling (SRS) technique was used to select a suitable size of sample. After data collection SPSS V.29.0.1 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used to analyse the descriptive statistics using percentage frequencies, mean values, multiple regression analysis and correlation coefficient. Among respondents 70% had an average level of sense of civic responsibility and 30% had low level of sense of civic responsibility in terms of civic participation (Table 1). Results of civic responsibility in terms of civic characteristics explored that 42% of the respondents have high level of civic characteristics, 30% of the respondents have average level of civic responsibility and 28% of the respondents have low level of civic characteristics (Table 2). Results of regression analysis had also predicted that civic characteristics of the students and civic participation both variables have significant impact on student’s sense of civic responsibility (Table 3) and that there is positive correlation between perceptions about civic participation and services provided by the university (Table 4).Overall conclusion of the study was that the students have an average level of civic responsibility and universities should take necessary initiatives to make students responsible citizens.

Pengaruh Manajemen Kas, Manajemen Piutang, Dan Manajemen Persediaan Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to test the influence of Cash Management, Accounts Receivable Management and Inventory Management on Profitability in Indonesian Food and Beverage Subsector Manufacturing companies registered in Indonesia in the period 2020-2022. The population used is 35 Manufacture companies of the Food and Beverage subsector registered in Indonesia. Sample determination is carried out using the purposive sampling method approach, based on sample determination criteria that have been carried out by 20 companies during the period 2020-2022. The study also uses quantitative approaches and techniques of multiple linear regression analysis, correlation analysis and coefficient of determination, as well as hypothesis tests using T test and F test previously performed classical assumption test first. The result of this study is that simultaneously the influence of cash management (X1), accounts receivable management (X2), inventory management (X3) on profitability (Y) obtained Fcompat (3,680) is greater than Ftable (2,680) 76). This indicates that simultaneously Cash management (X1), Accounts receivable management (X2), Inventory management (X3) against profitability (Y). The test results partially show that there is a positive and significant influence on inventory management on profitability. Cash management and accounts receivable have a negative and insignificant effect on profitability.

Comparative Analyses on Factors of the Pedestrian Numbers in a Downtown Area at Two Points of Time Using Space Syntax Indicators – in the Case of Sakae-South, Nagoya CBD in Japan

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the factors of the estimated pedestrian numbers in Nagoya, Japan at two points of time, with the aim of clarify the impact from two Space Syntax indicators, intensity of space use, distance from the station and pavement width on the pedestrians at two points of time. Theoretical Framework: The factor ranking for pedestrians in some prior reports shows the Space Syntax indicators to be higher ranking. This suggests a possibility of pedestrian factor analysis in which the Space Syntax indicators are added to factors. However, no one has checked if the Space Syntax indicator has an influence as a factor of the pedestrian number even if the time is changed. Therefore, it is meaningful to conduct the factor analyses in multiple times and compare the models. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises the creation of the correlation matrix between pedestrian numbers and the candidate explanatory variables, conduction of the multiple linear regression analysis at two points of time and comparison of two models. Data collection was carried out through the survey of the pedestrian numbers, calculation of Space Syntax Indicators. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the multiple correlation coefficients of the models decreased from 0.701 at first point of time to 0.562 at second point of time, but the Space Syntax indicator satisfied a significant difference at a 5% level in a t-test for the two points of time. In the discussion section, as tasks to be tackled in the future, further examination of points of time along with understanding the likely influence of Space Syntax indicators if other factors significantly change will clarify the validity of the Space Syntax indicators. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by showing that the Space Syntax indicator has a certain degree of influence as a factor of the pedestrian number even though a point of time and pedestrians are changed.

Factors Influencing Pre-Service Technical Teachers' Academic Performance: Cross-Sectional Study

This research aims to identify factors predicting pre-service technical teachers’ academic performance in a technical teacher training context. This study employed a predictive correlational design. We developed the conceptual framework by combining previous research, and then created a survey to gather data. Between August 1 and August 30, 2022, 109 undergraduates from the Faculty of Technical Education at Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep (RMUTK) received an online self-administered questionnaire. The statistical analysis employed the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The findings of the research showed that there was a positive correlation between various factors such as gender, motivation and attitude towards learning, study habits, family support, curriculum quality, and teaching quality with pre-service technical teachers' academic performance, with the correlation coefficients ranged from .230 to .292 and were all statistically significant (p < 0.05). The multiple correlation coefficient (R) was .474 showed a significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables at the .05 level. The R-squared value was .225, indicating that these six variables combined explain 22.5% of the variation in academic performance. However, this also suggests that our model fails to explain around 77.5% of the variance. Some aspects of the findings derived from this study are expected to result in the creation of digital interventions to better track students' academic performance, aiming to provide equitable educational experiences that maximize the academic performance of each gender group in the future.

Proposal and Validation of a New Index to Assess the Difficulty of Lower Third Molar Extraction.

A prospective cohort study on a sample of patients of the Master of Oral Surgery of the University of Seville in which multiple linear regression coefficients were calculated with a subsequent validation study of the results in the sample of patients operated in the Hospital Palmaplanas of Mallorca. The regression line obtained after applying the statistical methodology to the cohort of patients from the University of Seville obtained significant dependent variables such as depth, roots, and odontosection. Once applied to the cohort of patients from the Palmaplanas Hospital in Mallorca, a regression coefficient was obtained between the data received and the estimated 0.770. The formula proposed in this article presents significant validity in the prediction of the surgical time of extraction of the lower third molars included.

Organisational justice and employee commitment in Nigeria banking sector

Despite the potential benefits of incorporating organisational justice and employee commitment into daily operations, many organisations lack a long-term strategy for doing so, making it a pressing issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse and examine organisational justice and employee commitment within the banking industry in Nigeria. The research collected primary data through the completion of 147 questionnaires out of a total of 192. The collected data underwent data testing and analysis through the application of descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and correlation coefficients with the assistance of the statistical package for the social sciences. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between organisational justice constructs and employee commitment. Results show that there is a strong and significant relationship between distributive justice and affective commitment in the Nigerian banking industry (R = 0.807, F* = 2,712.536, p < 0.05), and the regression result suggests that the independent variables (distributional justice) have a significant relationship with affective commitment. The findings highlight that organisations prioritise the implementation of fair and just procedures, encompassing both distributive and procedural justice. Results show that there is a significant positive relationship between procedural justice and continuance commitment (R = 0.874, F* = 2,122.507, p < 0.05), and it was determined that there is a linear correlation between the model’s dependent and independent variables. These findings emphasise the importance of fair and just procedures within organisations to elicit favourable responses from employees, such as commitment, positive behaviour, and increased productivity. The conclusions were drawn from the findings, and thus it is recommended that employers should recognise the significant benefits that organisational justice can bring in terms of employee trust, commitment, and overall organisational success. Practitioners can use the study’s findings and suggestions to guide the development of socialisation, involvement, training, and development systems in their own organisations

Analysis of Patient Satisfaction at the Ngudi Sehat Clinic Manang Baki Sukoharjo

Analysis of the Influence of Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction at the Ngudi Sehat Manang Baki Sukoharjo Clinic. This research aims to determine and explain the influence of Service Quality consisting of Reliability, Guarantee, Physical Evidence, Empathy and Responsiveness on Patient Satisfaction at the Ngudi Waras Manang Baki Sukoharjo Clinic. The population of this study was all 257 patients of the Ngudi Sehat Manang Baki Sukoharjo Clinic in 2023 with a sample of 125 people using the Ferdinad formula. Data collection using questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used for statistical analysis are multiple linear regression test, F test, t test, and coefficient of determination. The research results show that service quality has a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction at the Ngudi Sehat Manang Baki Sukoharjo Clinic. Physical evidence contributed to patient satisfaction by 97%, while the remaining 3% was explained by other variables not proposed in this study. The suggestion from this research is that the Ngudi Sehat Manang Baki Sukoharjo Clinic needs to improve all dimensions of service quality so that patient satisfaction can increase.

Social Support as a Correlate of Depression and Quality of Life Among Nigerian Older Adults: a Cross-Sectional Study.

Reduced social support has been associated with presence of depression and reduced quality of life among older adults. The relationships may be better understood by exploring the interactions of individual domains among the constructs. This cross-sectional survey involved a consecutive sample of 206 (116 females and 90 males) older adults living in a Southern Nigeria community. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Geriatric Depression Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD Questionnaire, were used to measure social support, depression, and quality of life respectively. Data was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, multiple regression and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient, at 0.05 alpha level. Prevalence rate of depression among participants was 45.5%. Social support was perceived to be low by 37.4% of participants with the lowest mean social support score coming from friends domain. Participants' quality of life was generally fairly good (> 60%) with the lowest scores coming from the intimacy domain. Significant correlations between social support domains and each of quality of life (p < 0.05) and depression were respectively positive and negative; but weakest for the friend and strongest for significant others domains. All quality of life domains were significantly correlated with social support except the death and dying domain. All the domains of social support (family and significant other) were significant predictors of depression except the friend domain. Significant others around individual older adults particularly those with depression ought to be educated on the importance of their roles. Stakeholders including healthcare providers may create and support programmes for improved social networking for the older adults in order to enhance their general wellbeing and quality of life.

Patient Satisfaction The Seger Waras Pratama Clinic in Polokarto Sukoharjo

This research aims to determine the influence simultaneously (simultaneously) and partially of variablestherapeutic communication, service quality, brand image and trust in patient satisfaction at the Pratama Seger Waras Clinic in Polokarto Sukoharjo. This research method uses a quantitative research design. The population in this study were 863 patients at the Pratama Seger Waras Clinic in Polokarto Sukoharjo. The sampling technique used in this research was a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 86 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used for statistical analysis are multiple linear regression test, F test, t test, and coefficient of determination. The research results show that therapeutic communication, service quality, brand image and trust simultaneously and significantly influence patient satisfaction at the Pratama Seger Waras Clinic in Polokarto Sukoharjo. Suggestions from this research, Pratama Seger Waras Clinic in Polokarto Sukoharjo continues to improve therapeutic communication, service quality, brand image and existing trust, so that patient satisfaction will increase and be better than before.

Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram dan Harga Tiket terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Event Deliland Festival 2023

This research aims to determine the influence of Instagram social media and ticket prices on the decision to visit the Deliland Festival 2023 event partially and simultaneously. This research uses quantitative methods. The object of this research is the Deliland Festival 2023 with data collected through questionnaires and observations. This research was analyzed using data quality tests, classic assumption tests consisting of normality and reliability, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination tests. The results of this research show that partially the social media Instagram has a positive and significant influence on the decision to visit the Deliland Festival 2023 event. The ticket price partially has a positive and significant influence on the decision to visit the Deliland Festival 2023 event. Simultaneously the social media variables Instagram and the ticket price have an influence positive and significant towards the decision to visit the Deliland Festival 2023. Then based on the determination value it lies in R Square. It is known that the coefficient of determination value is R2 = 0.527, which means that all independent variables, namely social media Instagram and ticket prices, influence the decision to visit by 52.70% and the remaining 47.30% can be explained by other variables not examined in this research. Keywords: Instagram, Price, Visiting Decision.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Corporate Social Responsibility Pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Iindonesia Tahun 2018-2022

This research aims to determine the factors that influence corporate social responsibility in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a sampling technique using a purposive sampling method and a data collection technique using documentation data taken from the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests, normality tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression tests, hypothesis tests and coefficient of determination tests with the help of SPSS. The results of this research show that simultaneously tax aggressiveness and liquidity have an effect on corporate social responsibility in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018-2022, then partially tax aggressiveness has no effect on Corporate Social Responsibility in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018-2022, while liquidity influences Corporate Social Responsibility in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2018-2022.