Coconut Fruit Research Articles

Pattern of coconut oil quality during storage

Coconut oil can be deteriorated by oxidation during storage and formed a rancid odor. The objective of the research is to evaluate coconut oil quality during storage by the addition of tocopherol as an antioxidant. The 11-12 months of coconut fruits harvested from Mapanget Tall coconut are used as raw materials. The oil is extracted by the wet method, and it was then formulated by the addition of tocopherol as an antioxidant on various concentrations (0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 % w/v). The oil samples were then stored at room temperature for 2 months and evaluated for their quality for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. The oils are measured for moisture, free fatty acids, peroxide value, and TBA value. The results of the research showed that the moisture of coconut oil is stable during storage with or without antioxidants. The addition of antioxidants affected the free fatty acid of coconut oil, whereas the oil without antioxidants having free fatty acid compared to others treated with antioxidants.

Rancang bangun mesin pengupas tempurung kelapa

The first work that must be done on coconuts after the coir stripping process is to strip the coconut shells. This is because the part of the coconut that is processed further is part of the coconut meat itself. Coconut shell is the hardest part of the coconut fruit. On this coconut shell, coconut meat is attached. Manually removing coconut meat will take a relatively long time, around 3-5 minutes for 1 coconut. Of course, with this time the capacity and production efficiency cannot be maximized. This research was conducted with the aim of designing and testing the capabilities of coconut shell peeling machines. This machine is operated by using 2 blades, namely a flat peeler blade as a barrier to the surface of the coconut shell and a toothed peeler to press the surface of the shell. The results of the functional testing of this machine obtained the best value at the rotational speed of the peeler teeth of 14 rpm with an average shelling time of 20.96 seconds per piece. Keywords : coconut, machine, coconut shells, shelling time .

Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) dengan Cara Fermentasi di Desa Gunung Megang Kecamatan Gunung Megang Muara Enim

Processing of coconut fruit in Gunung Megang Village, Gunung Megang Muaraenim District aims to produce pure oil or Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) which is the result of processed fresh coconut fruit by fermentation without going through a heating process, no additional chemicals, dyes, and preservatives so that it can survive. as vegetable oil. The method in this research is experimental. The results showed that making VCO using 2 coconuts produced 100 ml of VCO while VCO using 3 coconuts produced 300 ml of pure oil. It is hoped that the use of coconut fruit is not only sold in the form of unprocessed fruit but coconut fruit can be processed into pure oil or Virgin Coconut Oil and can be developed more broadly through village entrepreneurship programs so as to increase people's income, especially the people of Gunung Megang Village. Keywords: virgin coconut oil, fermentation, gunung megang village

Analytical Behaviour of Coconut Coir Roofing Sheet

In world wide the ever increasing population in most developing countries and the corresponding increase in demands and need for infrastructural development, there is an urgent need to focus attention on low-cost alternative construction materials. Lignocellulosic fibers from green coconut fruit were dried under suitable conditions. After this, mixture of phenol cardanol formaldehyde resin and hardener are added to the fiber for binding purpose. Then it is impacted and compressed between two corrugated sheets, in order to obtain the shape of the roofing sheets, for 12 hours. After 12 hours of drying, it is then subjected to various tests such as tensile test, flexural test, impact test, compression test, and hardness test. The results are tabulated in order to compare it with GI sheet and asbestos cement sheet. This coconut coir roof sheet can be replace the former roofing sheets because of its durability, high strength, heat resistivity and low cost which i have been collected data from literature survey. The choose of this alternative is based on economic interest because it is very cheap, available with good mechanical properties, and also based on environmental interest because it is eco friendly. Thus this review paper addresses the characterization and performance of the coconut coir roofing sheet.

Existency of Green Coconut Fruit (Cocos nucifera Linn Var. Viridis) as a Sufi Education Media

Every word that is mentioned by Allah in the Qur'an, is related to giving lessons to humans or inviting people to think. In Al-Qur’an, Surah An-Nur:35, explained that the nature of Allah's light in the form of a parable, something that was known to the people at that time, namely the olive tree. Indonesian scholars interpret it as a coconut tree. This research uses literature study method with phenomenological analysis, functionalism analysis and critical analysis . The results are Coconut has an important meaning in Indonesian public belief. People believe that the coconut fruit is a symbol that represents the spiritual life of humans towards the divine. The use of the coconut fruit symbol has been used by Sufi scholars in delivering advice which is full of philosophical meanings. Each part of the coconut fruit has its own meaning representing a spiritual journey to the Divine. Coconut skin and coir as Sharia. The use of green coconut fruit as a medium for Sufi education is expected to provide Sufis with good and easy to understand learning so that Sufis can take the knowledge given by their teachers.

A comprehensive review on the techniques for coconut oil extraction and its application.

Virgin coconut oil is a useful substance in our daily life. It contains a high percentage of lauric acid which has many health benefits. The current industry has developed several methods to extract the oil out from the coconut fruit. This review paper aims to highlight several common extraction processes used in modern industries that includes cold extraction, hot extraction, low-pressure extraction, chilling, freezing and thawing method, fermentation, centrifugation, enzymatic extraction and supercritical fluid carbon dioxide. Different extraction methods will produce coconut oil with different yields and purities of lauric acid, thus having different uses and applications. Challenges that are faced by the industries in extracting the coconut oil using different methods of extraction are important to be explored so that advancement in the oil extraction technology can be done for efficient downstream processing. This study is vital as it provides insights that could enhance the production of coconut oil.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Nata de coco di Perkebunan Kelapa Desa Margomulyo Kecamatan Seyegan Kabupaten Sleman

Coconut plants are very potential commodities, all parts of the coconut plant are beneficial to the needs of human life. All parts of coconuts are not wasted and can be used to produce industrial products. The partners are coconut farmers who sell peeled coconut and coconut flesh. Farmers in Margomulyo village have difficulty in handling the waste of untreated coconut water. Sometimes the coconut water causes inundated land without being used. Sometimes when the coconut water is not directly absorbed in the ground, it will cause bad odor in the environment. Therefore, the use of coconut water is a way to optimize the use of coconut fruit. The content of sucrose sugar in coconut water will be used by Acetobacter xylinum as a source of energy, as well as a carbon source to form metabolite compounds such as cellulose that form Nata de Coco. In conclusion, Nata de coco making training in Margomulyo village gave positive response for the community to establish business unit. The barrier to the implementation of this activity was that there was no solution for handling waste production of Nata de coco of which aroma was quite disturbing. Thus, the implementation of nata de coco waste treatment program will be overcomed in further implementation of community service program which will be held in the next period

Production of Coconut Oil and Protein for Food and Cosmetic Ingredients

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is a tropical plant that is almost spread throughout the archipelago. Coconut is a plant of the genus Cocos widely used in various fields ranging from food to cosmetics. Most coconut parts can be utilized so that the coconut is dubbed a versatile plant and has high economic value. This tree has a fruit which is also called coconut. Coconut fruit is the most widely used and processed. Coconut meat can be directly consumed or processed into coconut milk, coconut flour (desiccated coconut), and cooking oil. Coconut oil was obtained from dried or fresh coconut flour using the Soxhlet extraction method with organic solvents. Defatted coconut flour contained a high protein of approx. 19-20%. Coconut protein has a good quality compared to other vegetable protein sources. This research investigated solvent’s effect on solid ratio and oil content on coconut protein extraction yield and recovery from coconut flour. Based on experiments, the highest value of extracted protein and yield was obtained after coconut flour extraction at a solvent to flour ratio of 30 g/g. Coconut protein isolate and coconut whey protein were expected to have different functional properties which need to be further evaluated to determine their application as cosmetics or food ingredients.

Training on Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Making from Coconut Fruit in Batang Anai District, Padang Pariaman Regency

Kataping, Batang Anai District, Padang Pariaman Regency is a suitable area for growing coconut. Coconut fruit has been used mostly for ingredients cook. Whereas this coconut fruit can be made the Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) which is beneficial for health and also has antiviral properties. Therefore, the people of Ketaping, Batang Anai District, Padang Pariaman Regency need to be equipped with knowledge and skill to process the coconut fruit into Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) which is used as an antiviral functional food product that can be consumed by families by attending a training. The activity carried out was the delivery of material by the resource person then continued with the direct practice of making Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). This activity has a positive impact which can increase public knowledge about VCO, its benefits, and how to make it.

A Review on Coir fibre Reinforced Composites with Different Matrix

The coir versatile natural fibre or Husked coconut fruit extracted from mesocorp tissues. The husk varies in length from 20% to 30%. After grinding the husk, Long threads are removed and rope and mat made Such as are used for various industrial purposes. This study includes mechanical properties, coil fibre reinforced compounds, chemical treatments, morphological analysis, tensile strength, application in concrete, and the mechanical properties of an object are usually tested under a given load. The natural thread of mechanical properties is compound and structural defects in many affected the most common advanced compounds are polymer matrix compounds. These compounds can be fibre-reinforced polymer thermoplastic or thermosetting. Chemical modification can make fibre Cell walls are highly dimensionally stable, which can reduce water absorption resistance or increase fungal decay, but not cause decay. May have strengths such as reduced dynamic strength or attack strength. How things like the decoration of animals and plants or the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of words are intertwined the study of is morphology. A function with the amount of traction force is recorded as folds. Consumption in developed countries made of fibre reinforced cement structured components. Will increase exponentially.

Physical characterization of coconut fruit (Cocos nucífera L) in the region of Jember regency

Jember is known as the region that produces the source of coconut in abundant yet it is not utilized optimally in processing. The research was carried out in May to November 2020 at Jember: 1) in the lowland Wuluhan and Puger subdistrict with a height of 10-100 m above sea level; 2) in Medium region in Arjasa and Silo Subdistrict with an altitude of 100-350 m above sea level and 3) High region in Sumberjambe and Panti subdistrict, with an altitude 400 m above sea level. The measurement of the fruit was analyzed by using a ruler and digital weighing, involved 1) the weight of coconut, 2) fiber of the coconut, 3) water, 4) shell, 5) flesh coconut, and 6) Copra. Data of research are by description. Physical characteristics include the weight of the coconut fruit, the weight of coconut water, the weight of coconut flesh, the weight of the coconut shell, the weight of the copra and the thickness of the coconut flesh. The coconut showed optimally physical characteristics in the medium region (100-350 m above sea level).

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF TWO COCOS NUCIFERA FRUITS.

A quantitative analysis of two species of coconut fruit aimed at determining the levels of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, iodine, iron, phosphorus, zinc, calcium, fats, protein, vitamin A and C were carried out using standard methods. The results show that the alkaloid content was 0.6% and 1.1%, saponins (0.2% and 2.8%), tannins (0.5% and 3.0%), flavonoids (0.03% and 0.01%), iodine (7.40mgI/g and 6.30mgI/g), iron (3.47ppm and 5.00ppm), zinc (0.97ppm and 0.76ppm), phosphorus (1.15ppm and 1.26ppm) and calcium (5.66ppm and 7.17ppm). Others were include vitamin A (61.55mg/kg and 147.40mg/kg), vitamin C (5.24mg/kg and 7.84mg/kg), fat (16.0% and 9.0%) and protein (4.8% and 1.1%). The study shows that the samples contain phytonutrients in varying proportions and therefore highly recommended for human consumption.

Evaluation of the critical points of the most adequate nonlinear model in adjusting growth data of ‘green dwarf’ coconut fruits

Abstract ‘Green Dwarf’ coconut is a fruit of great economic interest, since all its components are used, in addition to water, its main component. It is a culture of humid tropics, widely produced in northeastern Brazil, being an important income source for the region. The phenology study of this type of fruit is extremely important, but there are few studies in literature. Regression models, especially nonlinear growth models, can be of great value to understand how fruit growth behaves. The scarcity of works of this nature may be linked to some difficulties in estimating parameters of nonlinear models, such as assigning initial values to the itterative process. Overcoming this difficulty, for regression analysis, linear or not, several steps need to be respected to ensure the validity of information. Much information can be extracted from nonlinear growth models, such as the asynotic value, growth rate and critical points (maximum acceleration point, inflection point, maximum deceleration point and asynotic deceleration point). The aim of this work was to describe the stages of nonlinear regression analysis and to estimate the critical points of ‘Green Dwarf ’ coconut growth curves. After initial adjustments, the only unmet assumption was independence, adding a first order autoregressive term. Again, models were adjusted and all parameters were significant, with both models, Gompertz and Logistic, adjusting well to data, with slight advantage for the Logistic model with better adjustment quality criteria values, with maximum expected LED and LEDKP values of 21.4037 cm and 21.5478 cm, respectively. The x and y axis of critical points were estimated, with values that can help producers to make more objective decisions about the appropriate time to harvest coconut fruits, considering the most diverse uses of this type of fruit.

Virgin Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Oil Attenuates Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in Fruit Flies (Drosophila melanogaster)

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with pathogenic mechanisms traceable to oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Rotenone, a chemical compound commonly found in pesticides, has been found to inhibit mitochondrial complex-I and initiate PD-like symptoms in mammals and several invertebrates. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCNO) obtained from the coconut fruit has been found to possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Objectives: The present study evaluated the effect of VCNO on rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in fruit flies- Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster). Methods: Canton special (CS) strains of D. melanogaster, aged between 1 to 3 days were orally exposed for 7 days to 0, 250, 500 and 750 μM rotenone diet for toxicity assay, and 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 % w/w VCNO diet for longevity assay. Thereafter, 5 % VCNO diet was selected for evaluation against 500 μM rotenone. Subsequently, behavioural test (negative geotaxis), markers for redox status and enzyme activities were evaluated. Results: The results showed that rotenone induced toxicity in the flies, while VCNO increased the lifespan of D. melanogaster in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, VCNO ameliorated rotenone-induced locomotor deficits, elevated MDA, as well as the depleted GSH levels. It also mitigated the inhibited activities of SOD, CAT and ATPase in the flies. Conclusions: VCNO protected D. melanogaster against rotenone-induced toxicity by extending longevity, preventing locomotor deficits and reducing oxidative stress.

Synthesis and preparation of bacterial cellulose/calcium hydrogen phosphate composite film for mulching film application

This research aims to prepare mulching film from starting substrate of Acetobacter xylinum in bacterial cellulose (BC). BC was extracted from rotten coconut fruit. At the same time, CaHPO4 fertilizer was prepared from waste cockle shell. Both BC and CaHPO4 were analyzed by XRD and SEM for investigation of crystal structure and morphology. The results reveal well specific characterization of BC and CaHPO4. The BC and CaHPO4 composite film were further forming by solvent casting method. It was found that the increasing amount of CaHPO4 to 3 and 5%w/w were dramatically increased the percent of water absorption and rate of biodegradation, but it must sacrifice to mechanical properties. The morphology results were also disclosure that the higher amount of CaHPO4 (3 and 5 %w/w) composite film obviously caused phase separation that was correspondent to lower in mechanical properties. Thus, BC/1%CaHPO4 composite film was selected for mulching film because of good mechanical properties and gradually slow degradation.

Antioxidant; Coconut water; Drosophila melanogaster; Free radicals; Phenolic compound

Coconut water (CW) has gained wide attraction as a known functional food that offers additional benefits to its basic nutritional value. CW is employed in the management of oxidative stress-associated diseases for its natural antioxidant features. This study sought to investigate CW antioxidant capacity and effect upon its dietary inclusion in an Alcl3-induced amnesic Drosophila melanogaster. CW was extracted from the coconut fruit cotyledon and supplemented in the flies’ diet for five days. The CW extract antioxidant activity was examined in vitro through the total phenol, total flavonoid content, ferric reducing power, iron-chelating ability, ABTS* and DPPH* scavenging ability assays. Likewise, the anti-lipid peroxidation potential of CW extract was also measured in vivo using D. melanogaster. The CW extract has a total phenol content of 1.48 ± 0.43 (mg/g GAE) and a total flavonoid content of 0.53 ± 0.02 (mg/g QE) which could be attributed to its scavenging ability against ABTS* and DPPH* in vitro with an increase in extract concentration. Similarly, a positive trend was detected in the ferric reducing antioxidant power and iron-chelating ability tests. Furthermore, dietary inclusion of CW in groups fed with 0.1% and 1% CW lowers Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.0001 respectively) in Alcl3 induced flies. This correlates with CW’s ability to considerably (p < 0.05) reduced MDA in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner (0.01 – 0.03 mg/mL). These findings provide substantial information that affirms CW's natural antioxidant ability, thus bolstering its therapeutics usage.

Effects of Surface Sterilization Protocol and Haustorium Removal on Germination and Growth of Hybrid PB121 Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera L.) Zygotic Embryos Cultured in vitro

Aims: This study aims to identify the best surface sterilization and evaluate the effect of haustorium suppression on in vitro germination of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) zygotic embryos.&#x0D; Study Design: Survival rate and contamination rate of zygotic embryos after different surface sterilization treatments, regeneration rate and organogenesis through the number of leaves and the length of shoots after haustorium suppression were determined. For data processing, the Analysis of Variance was used to compare the means which were separated according to Tukey test (P = 0.05).&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Coconut fruits (hybrid PB121) were collected 12 to 14 months after controlled pollination from CRAPP (Centre de Recherches Agricoles Plantes Pérennes), station of Sèmè-kpodji in Benin. Experiments were done in Central Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, University of Abomey-Calavi and conducted from june to december in 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: For the zygotic embryos surface sterilization, four treatments combining three concentrations (3%, 6% and 15%) of commercial bleach (Javel la Croix© containing 12° active chlorine) and immersion durations (5 min, 10 min and 20 min) were tested and the survival rate were determined for each treatment after two months culture. The zygotic embryos were then divided in two sets (haustorium excised embryos set and the whole embryos set) and cultured in modified Y3 medium supplemented with 7 g L-1 agar, 2.5 g L-1 activated charcoal, 5% sucrose, 6.10-3 mM 2.4 D (2.4-dichlorophonoxyacetic acid), gibberellic acid and 0.3 mM BAP(6-benzylaminopurine). After five months culture, the regeneration rate, the number of leaves and the length of shouts were recorded.&#x0D; Results: The high survival rate (80%) was obtained with 6% of bleach and 20 min for the immersion duration without pre-disinfection. The suppression of haustorium have significantly increased the number of leaves (4.3 ± 0.02) and the length of shoots (16.2 ±0.7cm) compared to the whole zygotic embryos.&#x0D; Conclusion: This protocol can help to ensure better surface sterilization of zygotic embryos before their in vitro culture and the development of vigorous plantlets in order to improve the slow growth of plantlets, when transferred to the greenhouse or field.

The Utilization of Kampung Coconut Fruit (Cocos Nucifera) for a Herbal Massage Oil as an Effort to Improve the Economy of the Cening Village, Pandeglang

The purpose of this research is as an effort to improve the economy of the Cipening village community in Pandeglang by utilizing the coconut fruit. The research method used a qualitative method to explain the training activities of the Coconut Fruit Processing into Herbal Massage Oil. The results showed that there was still minimal use of coconut fruit as an innovative product in the community or MSMEs in Cening Village in particular, which became the basis for this service. The lack of product innovation and diversification of processed coconut products as well as unattractive and standardized packaging encourages the implementation of this service. Meanwhile, the abundance of coconut raw materials in the Cening village environment can be a big capital that can be used as a superior product. As a solution, training in producing herbal massege oil as an effort to develop product innovation, marketing of products and good packaging will also be given to the Cening village community. It is expected that after receiving training, the community and SMEs in Cening Village can innovate products, design their own packaging and be able to independently operate promotional and marketing media. The output result is a standardized product with an attractive product packaging design.

Facile and Benign Method to Produce Large Scale Graphene Nano Sheets

The large scale production of Graphene Nano Sheets (GNS) has fascinated many researchers. GNS was produced base on a sustainable raw material namely coconut fruit. Coconut fruit was converted directly to be GNS with ethanol assisted. Then, it was characterized by XRD and TEM. Interestingly, XRD data show the C(002) peak is broad and weak appear, indicating GNS was formed. This data is also consistent with TEM data. Therefore, the formation of GNS may definitely be affected by the immersing process of coconut fruit by ethanol. Base on this research, the large scale GNS may be produced with the facile and benign method.

PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI KERAKYATAN: PEMBUATAN MINYAK KELAPA MURNI (VIRGIN COCONUT OIL) DAN BLONDO DI DUSUN KRAJAN DESA BALET BARU KECAMATAN SUKOWONO KABUPATEN JEMBER

The aim of this operation is to improve the economy of the new community of ballet villages by using pure coconut fruit as a medium to become virgin coconut OIL and Blondo. The strategy employed is to use approach learning. And using the tool for interviewing, socializing and recording. (1) This determination results in virgin coconut oil being very healthy for the skin. (2) Blondo and pure coconut oil are ideal for continuous production, since they have a reasonably high economic value. The opportunity for profit is very positive. (3) The nationalist economic policy focussing on the production of virgin coconut oil (VCO / Virgin Coconut Oil) and blondo has a positive influence on job growth. (4) Can conserve local culture (local wisdom), that is to say, making traditional cooking oil which is an ancient practice so that it needs to be produced.&#x0D; Keyword: Economy of the People; Pure coconut oil