Coconut Farmers Research Articles

CocoSense: Coconut Tree Detection and Localization using YOLOv7

Coconut farming in the Philippines often needs help with challenges in efficient tree monitoring, directly affecting its productivity and sustainability. Although prevalent, traditional methodologies, such as field surveys, exhibit labor intensiveness and potential data inaccuracy constraints. This study sought to leverage the capabilities of the YOLOv7 object detection algorithm to enhance coconut tree monitoring. Our objectives centered on (1) precise detection of coconut trees using orthophotos, (2) their enumeration, and (3) generating accurate coordinates for each tree. The DJI Phantom 4 RTK unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to capture high-resolution images of the study area in Tiaong, Quezon. Post-acquisition, these images underwent processing and annotation to generate datasets for training the YOLOv7 model. The algorithm's output shows a remarkable 98% accuracy rate in tree detection, with an average localization accuracy of 86.30%. The results demonstrate the potential of YOLOv7 in accurately detecting and localizing coconut trees under diverse environmental conditions.

Integrating Adopter Categories into Adoption Trends among Coconut Growers in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu

Coconut, a versatile tropical fruit, holds significant importance globally, with India being a major contributor to its cultivation. In recent years, innovative practices in coconut cultivation have gained momentum by enhancing yield, quality, and resilience. However, the adoption of coconut production technologies among small-scale farmers remained slow. Therefore this research study aimed to shed light on the dynamic adoption behaviour of coconut growers’ in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu, India. The study comprised of 120 farmers, who were selected through proportionate random sampling from two villages in the Coimbatore district. Based on the adoption of the latest technology available in coconut production, coconut grower’s adoption level was measured using percentage analysis. Findings revealed that the largest adopter category was innovators. The deviation was attributed to the uniqueness of the recommended varieties and coconut tonic adoption, regional cultural influences, and targeted awareness campaigns. The study highlights the importance of tailored awareness campaigns and incentives aimed at promoting innovation adoption among farmers to enhance production. With enhanced adoption of these practices, the coconut farming sector in the Coimbatore district and beyond can experience improved productivity, economic growth, and sustainable development.

Strengthening palm sugar product competitiveness through digital marketing

Palm sugar, derived from coconuts, holds longstanding cultural significance in Indonesian society, offering substantial economic value. The hamlet of Nganti in Yogyakarta thrives on coconut farming and palm sugar production. Despite its potential, the palm sugar industry grapples with challenges such as limited market access and a lack of technological awareness. To address these issues, the application of digital marketing is envisioned to broaden market reach and establish robust branding. This community service program is designed to empower and optimize palm sugar marketing through digital strategies, targeting local palm sugar farmers and producers. Activities encompass discussions, digital marketing training, the creation of a video profile, and the establishment of digital marketing accounts. The program has successfully enhanced public understanding of digital marketing, facilitating effective product promotion. The initiation of social media accounts and profile videos serves to broaden product visibility to a wider audience. The most notable outcome is the increased accessibility to markets and heightened product sales.

Evaluation of the properties of solid biofuel produced from coconut fibre

ABSTRACT It is believed that processing biomass into biofuel is an efficient way to create clean energy with no carbon footprint while also assuring suitable waste disposal methods. The objective of this study was to assess the qualities of biochar, a solid biofuel made from coconut fibres using the carbonisation process. A retort heating system was used to create the biochar, which was then subjected to a number of analytical techniques to assess its physical characteristics. The findings demonstrated that the biochar has better thermal stability than raw biomass and a high resistance to degradation. The biochar is mesoporous and has pore diameters of 3.0 nm and a BET surface area of 167.3 m2/g. The composition analysis of the biochar revealed that it contains a number of inorganic components, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, indicating its usefulness for the creation of fertilisers and the improvement of soil nutrients. The biochar's porous structure and the many pores seen during the morphological study further support its ability to act as an adsorbent. The study aids in the production of solid fuel biochar, which can be used for a variety of applications, as well as waste management associated with increased coconut farming.

PELATIHAN TATA KELOLA KEUANGAN PRODUK KELAPA KOPRA PADA KELOMPOK UMKM DESA LAPEO KECAMATAN CAMPALAGIAN KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR

Lapeo village is an area with a quite large produce of agricultural, especially copra coconut farmers. It is usually used as a raw material for making VCO (virgini coconut oil). One of the SMEs in Lapeo village carries out these businesses. However, the SMEs have a problem in financial process. Precisely, they do not know how much income they earn, expenses, and capital they spend. Therefore, the aim of this service is to provide training regards to financial management to the copra coconut SMEs. The method to implementing this activity is carried out through 3 steps, firstly, direct inspection, secondly, analyzing problems, and thirdly, carrying out financial training. The results are the SMEs expected to be able to carry out routine financial records and separate personal and business financial records. Furthermore, this training received a positive responsesfrom the participants.

Willingness of Coconut Growers to Join Farmer Producer Companies in Western Tamil Nadu–An Exploratory Study

Coconut, a versatile crop called as ‘Kalpaviriksha’ – A tree of Heaven. India, with the rich biodiversity of coconut, is the largest producer with 33.02 percent share or 22167 million nuts of the world's largest production of 67128 million nuts. But still, the farmers facing difficulties in marketing coconut. The constraints pertaining to the marketing of coconut were lack of government procurement system, lack of co-operative marketing, lack of proper market information, monopoly of market intermediaries, fluctuation in market price, and high commission among intermediaries were the major problems faced by the coconut growers. This study analyses the perception and preference of coconut farmers in joining coconut producer companies in the Western Tamil Nadu. Descriptive analysis and Garret raking technique has been used and concluded that price provided by the FPC was good and fair enough compared to the market price, which was the major reason for joining the FPC and lack of awareness on benefits obtained, share capital contribution requirement, and benefits not distributed evenly are the major problem in not joining the FPCs.

Community farm school approach for coconut seedlings/juveniles through collaborative social actions

Three Grama Panchayats in Kerala's Alappuzha district undertook community-level participatory action research in 2019–2021. A total of 90 coconut farmers participated in the adoption of ICAR-CPCRI technology to produce West Coast Tall (WCT) coconut seedlings that are resistant/tolerant to the root (wilt) disease at the community level. Partners included extension agents, coconut producers' societies (CPS) and clusters, women self-help groups (WSHGs), and agricultural labor organizations. The characteristics of technologies that are suggested for adoption in root (wilt) disease-affected tracts, such as the scientific management of young coconut trees and the production of high-quality seedlings through community nurseries, challenge the idea of adoption. There are a lot of variances in the homestead gardens' marginal holdings, including expertise, the use of technology, and access to advisory services. Government agencies provided the majority of the seedlings and extension advisory services, emphasizing the necessity for FPO-based or private extension in the coconut growing industry. The coconut farmers' understanding has significantly improved as a result of the participatory interventions for managing seedlings. The participatory demonstration and community farm school (CFS) strategy is discussed in the paper as a way for homesteads to manage juvenile coconuts while integrating new ideas and fostering cross and reciprocal learning. Refining the current extension approach requires integrating new knowledge about the characteristics of seedling growth, future economic performance, and social evaluation of choices of technological, individual, and skill-oriented interventions in risk-prone areas with debilitating root (wilt) disease.

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Business Analysis in Terms of Economic Income

High fluctuations in coconut prices have resulted in coconut farmers in North Minahasa Regency experiencing uncertainty about their economic conditions, so derivative products from coconuts, such as Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), which can be processed, are needed. This study aims to calculate the feasibility of making Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), which is processed traditionally, and analyze sensitive indicators from each aspect studied. Traditionally processed Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) quality highly depends on raw materials and processing. The business feasibility analysis parameters used are marketing, technological, management, legal, and economic. The method used is the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) Method. The analysis showed that the financial aspect obtained Net Present Value NVP value = IDR 482,378,746, IRR = 93.88%, Gross B/C Ratio = 2.193, PR = 3.64, PBP = 1 year eight days. The feasibility index assessment of five aspects obtained values: marketing aspects 83.50%, technology aspects 52.28%, management aspects 60.91%, legal aspects 65.39%, and economics 74.83%. The average value of the feasibility index shows that the traditional VCO manufacturing business in North Minahasa Regency can be declared feasible.

Predictive Analysis for Inventory Management of Coconut Warehouse (Case Study: Banio Lahewa)

Inventory management plays a pivotal role in the coconut farming business, directly influencing sales and income. An essential component of this management is warehousing, which not only affect revenue but also involves suppliers in the coconut storage process. Warehousing management and technology are two elements that can help companies operate more effectively and efficiently. This research focuses on efforts to improve warehouse management efficiency in the agricultural sector, particularly at Banio Lahewa, a company that operates as a coconut supplier in a small village with limited resources. Currently, the company still records data manually and lacks a real-time system to monitor demand patterns, stock rotation, and restocking frequency in the warehouse. This situation is caused by uncertainty about the products entering the warehouse, leading to the company’s focus being more limited to daily operational issues rather than future planning. To address this challenge, this research uses future event prediction methods, specifically forecasting by applying two neural network models: the Feed Forward Neural Network and the Long Short Term Memory. The implementation of this system is expected to provide new insights to the company, enabling them to be more adaptive in efficiently managing warehouse systems. With an understanding of patterns and predictions of future events, it is expected that the company can be more prepared and responsive to changes in customer demand and able to expand products more quickly. The results of this research are expected to make a positive contribution to the company, helping them optimize warehouse management and become more adaptive to market dynamics.

PENYUSUNAN NILAI TUKAR PETANI (NTP) PADA TANAMAN PANGAN DAN PERKEBUNAN DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

South Konawe Regency, as an agricultural region with a large population and a dominant proportion of households working in agriculture, pays attention to farmers' welfare as very strategic. One of the tools to measure farmer welfare currently used is the Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP). The aim of carrying out this research activity is to determine the farmer's exchange rate (NTP), and the factors that influence the farmer's exchange rate food crop and plantation sectors in South Konawe Regency. This research uses a quantitative research approach. The sample for this study was determined to be 600 farmers, consisting of 300 food crop farmers (150 lowland rice farmers, 85 corn farmers, and 65 cassava farmers) and 300 plantation crop farmers (105 cocoa farmers, 65 cashew farmers, 65 pepper farmers, and 65 coconut farmers). The sampling technique that will be used is multistage random sampling. To collect research data, use the observation method, questionnaire method, and documentary method. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, NTP analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The research results showed that the Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP) in the food crop and plantation sectors in 2021 was 97.21% and 97.21% (NTP < 100), meaning that food crop and plantation farmers experienced a deficit. Production prices rose less than increases in consumption prices and production costs. The level of farmer welfare has decreased compared to the previous level of farmer welfare. The factors or variables of land area and farmer expenditure significantly influence the NTP of farmers in the field of food crops by 93%. The farmer's land area variable has a significant positive effect on NTP, while farmer expenditure has a significant negative effect on NTP in the field of food crops. Factors or variables of family responsibilities, income and farmer expenses significantly influence the NTP for plantation crops at 96%. Farmers' income has a significant positive effect on NTP, while family responsibilities and farmers' expenses have a significant negative effect on NTP in plantation crops in South Konawe Regency.

Harvesting of tender coconuts improves yields and profitability of coconut farming in India

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted at Kasaragod, Kerala, India for six years to study the impact of different coconut harvesting treatments on growth, yield and return. The treatments were; harvesting tender nuts from January to June and mature nuts from July to December, harvesting tender nuts from July to December and mature nuts from January to June, harvesting tender nuts throughout the year, harvesting tender nuts in alternate years, harvesting alternate bunches for tender nuts and harvesting of mature nuts throughout the year. The results showed that palms that underwent tender nut harvesting throughout the year, compared with harvesting mature nuts throughout the year, recorded high yields (175 nuts/palm), three times high net returns, and 68.7% high energy use efficiency. This study demonstrated the potential of harvesting tender nuts to improve the profitability and energy balance of coconut production.

RELASI SOSIAL EKONOMI ANTARA PETANI DENGAN TOKEH KELAPA DI KELURAHAN PULAU KIJANG KECAMATAN RETEH KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR PROVINSI RIAU

Socio-economic relations are everything related to economic actions in meeting community needs such as clothing, food and shelter. In meeting economic needs, a person no longer looks at differences in ethnicity, race or religion. Kijang Island Village is the capital of Reteh District with land used as a coconut plantation by coconut farmers. The phenomenon that occurs is that farmers prioritize selling their harvest to tokeh in Kijang Island Village. This cannot be separated from the influence of a tokeh who is highly trusted by the community so that coconut farmers are very dependent on selling their harvest to the tokeh. The aim of this research is to find out about the socio-economic relations between farmers and coconut tokeh in Pulau Kijang Village, Reteh District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province, as well as to find out the cooperative relationship between farmers and coconut tokeh in Pulau Kijang Village, Reteh District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. . In this study the method used was qualitative by checking the validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The results of the research show that the socio-economic relationship between farmers and coconut tokeh occurs because they have the same relationship goals, namely the goal of needing each other's help in buying and selling and receivables and tokeh needs farmers to become regular customers.

Linking the Coconut Farmers in the Philippines to Better Market Opportunities through Community-based Participatory Action Research

This research aimed to empower eight selected coconut farmers by building an economically sustainable and resilient community. Specificall , it focused on: 1. Improve coconut farmers’ economic conditions through value-added coconut products; 2. Link them with other stakeholders for producing and commercializing coconut products; 3. Design the sustainability plan in partnership with the stakeholders. The researcher employed each content, which is (1) Needs and Support Assessment. (2) the capacity-building activities on Training on Developing Entrepreneurial skills among Coconut Farmers of Burias, Training on “Bukayo” Making, Business Model Canvas, and One-on-One Consultation, Entrepreneurial Mind Setting and Intro to Business Planning and Seminar-workshop in Marketing. (3) Innovative Marketing Strategies; establish a presence on the online platform, specifically digital marketing, by creating a Facebook page that serves as a platform in which their coconut food products bring a better income for coconut farmers. The Coconut 2.0 research initiated by the researcher positively affected the quality of coconut farmers’ lives, thus building a sustainable and resilient community of coconut farmers. A memorandum of agreement was bound between the stakeholders and coconut farmers based on the sustainability plan. These documents were presented to the coconut farmers during the turning-over activity of the research.

Nilai Tukar Subsisten Dan Kesejahteraan Petani Kelapa di Desa Teluk Ketapang Kecamatan Senyerang Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat

This study was carried out in Teluk Ketapang Village, Senyerang District, Tanjung Jabung Barat. It used a survey method which the number of samples taken were 37 farmers. The aimed of this reseach were to describe the coconut farming, to analyze the subsistence exchange rate of the and to know the welfare of coconut. This study informed that the planting was done of 9x9x9 meters as a distance . Farmers applied fertilization (NPK and Urea) and sprayed with herbicides ( gramaxone and round-up), The collecting coconut products were sold to middlemens. The Subsistence Exchange Rate was 0.70 (0.70 < 1), and it means that the revenue of coconut farming was not enough to meet the total expenditure costs of the farmers (both for input of coconut farming and consumtion expenditure). So it can be classified as unwelfare.

Coconut Plant Disease Identified and Management for Agriculture Crops using Machine Learning

This research paper introduces an innovative approach to improve the quality and sustainability of coconut farming and exports in Sri Lanka. It employs advanced image processing techniques to detect, classify, and grade pests and diseases early in coconut palms. This allows for swift interventions and reduces the need for harsh chemical treatments, promoting eco-friendly farming practices. Furthermore, the study goes beyond pest control to evaluate optimal conditions for coconut growth, considering factors like soil quality, water availability, and climate. It empowers farmers with insights to maximize coconut palm yield. Additionally, the system incorporates a growth prediction component using historical data and machine learning, enabling farmers to plan and allocate resources effectively. By combining early pest detection, pest management, growth classification, and predictive analysis, this research offers a comprehensive strategy to enhance Sri Lanka's coconut quality for export. This approach not only improves product quality but also safeguards the industry's sustainability by reducing economic losses and ecological impact. Leveraging cutting-edge tools like image processing and machine learning, this research aims to boost efficiency, economic viability, and international competitiveness in Sri Lanka's coconut farming sector.

Coconut farmers’ knowledge of host and management approaches of rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin) in Bangladesh

Rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin) has become a major pest of coconut in Bangladesh. To assess farmers’ knowledge on host and management approaches of this pest, a survey of 240 farmers was conducted in eight districts of Bangladesh. Farmers noticed an expanding dispersion of this pest in Bangladesh since 2019. Among all the districts examined, Cox’s Bazar district was highly infested. Farmers mainly cultivated local coconut varieties in their homesteads. Forty percent (40%) of the farmers among all districts estimated that the pest reduced coconut yield to more than half. Only 1% of all farmers knew about all life stages of the pest. Consultation with extension officers significantly improved farmers’ knowledge of the pest. Summer was the peak season for the whitefly infestation. Farmers identified 22 hosts of the pest and almost four out of ten (40.4%) applied management methods against the pest. Among them, 22% used chemical methods, 42% used non-chemical methods, and 24% used both methods. Farmer’s types, purposes, and knowledge influenced their management approaches.

Pollinator Insect Found in Coconut Tree in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera

Insect pollinators are insects that play an important role in maintaining the existence of a plant species through pollination and maintaining the genetic diversity of plants in the population maintaining the existence of a plant species through pollination and maintaining the genetic diversity of plants in the population. Pollinator insects generally come from the Hymenoptera order. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of pollinator insect species that dominate coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area of South Sumatra. Data were collected by field observation using the plant survey method. The survey was conducted through direct observation of coconut plants owned by coconut farmers in the Banyuasin area. Observations were made on coconut plants by observing pollinator insect species that associate with flowers on coconut plants. Insect pollinator species found in coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area include Vespa affilish, Apis mellifera, and Apis dorsata. The most dominant type of pollinator insect found in coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area is Apis dorsata with 201 individuals. So, the results show that the abundance of individuals is high but has a low diversity index.

Pollinator Insect Found in Coconut Tree in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera

Insect pollinators are insects that play an important role in maintaining the existence of a plant species through pollination and maintaining the genetic diversity of plants in the population maintaining the existence of a plant species through pollination and maintaining the genetic diversity of plants in the population. Pollinator insects generally come from the Hymenoptera order. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of pollinator insect species that dominate coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area of South Sumatra. Data were collected by field observation using the plant survey method. The survey was conducted through direct observation of coconut plants owned by coconut farmers in the Banyuasin area. Observations were made on coconut plants by observing pollinator insect species that associate with flowers on coconut plants. Insect pollinator species found in coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area include Vespa affilish, Apis mellifera, and Apis dorsata. The most dominant type of pollinator insect found in coconut plantations in the Banyuasin area is Apis dorsata with 201 individuals. So, the results show that the abundance of individuals is high but has a low diversity index.

A Study of Customer Differences on UCPB Savings Bank’s Product and Services, Performance, and Reliability

The global banking sector experienced a slight rise in market capitalization in the third quarter of 2022, reaching 7.5 trillion euros. This was largely due to the rise in mobile payment services in China, where Alibaba and Tencent transformed the commercial landscape. The Chinese government has approved the implementation of the Digital Yen, a digital currency project, to help regulators combat money laundering and corruption. The Philippines' banking industry has experienced significant expansion, with double-digit credit growth in four out of five years from 2013 to 2017. The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) reported that the combined assets of the country's banks amounted to 81.4% of the total assets held by the financial system. The Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) provided credit policies for coconut farmers, with UCPB being one of the beneficiaries. In March 2022, UCPB merged with Landbank of the Philippines, allowing it to serve more players in the agribusiness value chain nationwide. The study aims to assess how clients perceive the bank's products and services and customer-driven programs as performance indicators to alleviate customer experience and impact customer satisfaction.

Marketing of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province

Coconut is a plantation crop that has high economic value. Central Sulawesi is a producer of coconut plants in Indonesia, this can be seen from the area and production, and the plants are spread in every district within the province of Central Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the channels, margins, and marketing efficiency of coconut farming in Central Sulawesi Province. The research locations were determined purposively, namely Parigi Moutong and Tojo Una-una Regency. The study’s sample size was 244 people. The result of the research shows that there are two types of coconut marketing channels in Central Sulawesi. The marketing margin on channel I at the collector is IDR 300 per item and from collector to wholesalers, has a marketing margin of IDR 400 per item. The marketing margin on channel II at wholesalers is IDR 400 per item and from wholesalers to the industry, the marketing margin is IDR 500 per item. The farmer share on channel I is 70.29% while on channel II is 70.06%. Coconut marketing efficiency in Central Sulawesi on channels I and II is 21.25% and 26.00%, respectively.