Coconut Crop Research Articles

A Novel Graph-Based Innovative Trend Analysis Technique for Studying the Crop Trends in Kerala, India

This study introduces a novel graph-based innovative trend analysis (GBITA) technique for detecting trends in time series data, thus fundamentally challenging conventional assumptions in trend assessment. Unlike traditional methods, which often rely on the assumption of a serial correlation, the proposed methodology only requires that the data values conform to a non-negative distribution. The effectiveness of GBITA was validated through 200 Monte Carlo simulations, and it was subsequently applied to analyze the productivity and cultivated area of paddy and coconut crops across Kerala and its 14 districts. The results indicate an upward trend in the productivity of both crops; however, the area under paddy cultivation is decreasing, while the coconut cultivation area is increasing. Notably, the southern districts of Kerala exhibited a declining trend in both the productivity and cultivated area for these crops. This innovative approach holds promise for broader applications across various crop varieties and regions, with potential implications for fields such as statistics, economics, and computer science.

Infestation index and damage rating scale for bondar's nesting whitefly (Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi) infestation in coconut plantations in southern Tamil Nadu

Abstract Surveys were conducted at fortnightly intervals in major coconut gardens across the southern districts of Tamil Nadu, including Thoothukudi, Tenkasi, Tirunelveli, and Kanyakumari, from December 2020 to October 2021, to assess the intensity of damage caused by the whitefly complex in coconut. Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi, commonly known as Bondar's Nesting Whitefly, poses a significant threat to coconut crops, affecting both yield and overall plant health. During the study a comprehensive Damage Rating Scale was tailored for the assessment of Bondar's Nesting Whitefly infestation in coconut crops. In Thoothukudi district, P. bondari infestation was generally low, except during early December 2020 and March 2021, when the infestation index ranged from 1.01 to 2.00. Tenkasi district saw the infestation index peak at 1.06 in early August 2021, with a low of 0.54 recorded in late July 2021. In Tirunelveli district, the infestation index varied from 1.38 in early December 2020 to 0.14 in late October 2021, while Kanyakumari district reported the highest infestation index of 1.54, categorizing it as medium. This scale aims to provide a standardized and practical tool for growers, researchers, and agricultural practitioners to quantify the extent of damage caused by this particular pest. Keywords: Bondar’s nesting whitefly, damage rating scale, Woolly wax nests, Sooty mold

Spiralizer Strategy with Wolf Pack Algorithm and Temporal Convolution Network – Gated Recurrent Unit for Coconut Crop Yield Prediction

Spiralizer Strategy with Wolf Pack Algorithm and Temporal Convolution Network – Gated Recurrent Unit for Coconut Crop Yield Prediction

Kajian Beberapa Status Hara Pada Areal Replanting Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) di Kebun Aek Nabara Utara Kecamatan Bilah Hulu

Rubber plants (Hevea brasiliensis) will experience a decrease in production as plants age and the nutrient content in the soil decreases. This study aims to find out the chemical properties of soil on plantations of rubber crops that are converted into palm and coconut crops. The research was conducted from Februari 2023 to Agustus 2024 at the palm coconut plantation of PTPN III Aek Nabara North Garden in Labuhanbatu district and analyzed in the Land Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Northern Sumatra. The methods used are observation methods, field sampling, and analysis in the laboratory to obtain quantitative data. Observation parameters include soil pH, C-organic, Total Nitrogen, Available P, Cation Interchange Capacity, and Base Fulness. The results of the survey showed that the level of soil fertility at the site of the research was included in the low category. The main limiting factor that causes the low fertility of the soil is the low content of organic material in the soil. In order to improve the fertility status of the ground at the research site for further planting, it is necessary to make efforts such as irrigation and fertilization, as well as the addition of organic materials, to make the availability of nutrients for plants more affordable. Keywords: replanting area, rubber plants, conversion, soil fertility, quantitative data

Kajian Identifikasi dan Dominansi Gulma pada Areal Pertanaman Kelapa di Dusun Hulung Kabupaten Maluku Tengah

Coconut crop production cannot be maintained and tends to decline. This research aims to identify types of weeds and find the dominant weed types in coconut planting areas. This research was carried out in a coconut farming area in Hulung in May 2024. The tools used in this research were a camera, a frame measuring 1x1 m, a cutter, an oven, analytical scales, a handheld, and an analytical balance manual. This research uses the vegetation survey method to collect data by field observations. In carrying out the vegetation analysis, the quadratic method was used by placing sample plots measuring 1m x 1m on 6 trees randomly. From the results of observing weeds in Hulung village, it shows that in the coconut plantation area, there are 20 types of weeds, 14 types of broadleaf weeds, 3 types of fern weeds, 2 types of grass weeds and 1 type of grass weed.The weeds Digitaria cilliaris, Commelina diffusa burn, Digitarius sanguinalis and weeds and Sphagneticola trilobata L) have high SDR values ​​compared to other types of weeds. The dominant weed types in the coconut plantation area in Hulung Hamlet are the grass weed Digitaria ciliaris and broadleaf weed types. Annual weeds dominate coconut plantation areas.

Performance Evaluation of Predictive Models for Coconut Crop Production in Karnataka Using Weather Parameters

Coconut farming is a major industry in Karnataka that helps the state's agriculture sector. Karnataka is the third-largest coconut producer in India, behind Tamil Nadu and Kerala, with 3.38 billion coconuts produced on 0.42 million hectares of coconut agriculture in 2019–20, yielding an average of 8,095 nuts per hectare. These statistics come from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics. The production trends of the coconut crop in Karnataka are assessed in this study using linear, cubic, exponential, and log-logistic models. The best-fitting model is the one with the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Between 1950 and 2019, the area under coconut crops grew cubically, while production showed loglogistic model to be the best fit, according to our data. Furthermore, we evaluate predictive models with coconut production as the dependent variable and independent factors including area, rainfall, temperature (both greatest and lowest recorded), and relative humidity. For this assessment, Stepwise MLR (SMLR) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) methods are used. Notably, the minimum temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) have negative correlations with coconut production according to both stepwise regression estimates and maximum linear regression (MLR) estimates. These results imply that the minimum temperature in Karnataka and relative humidity have an inverse association with coconut crop productivity.

Problems and Issues of Tropical Coconut Cultivation

A complicated web of issues threatens the productivity and long-term viability of tropical coconut agriculture. The health and vitality of coconut palms are seriously threatened by illnesses including Rhincosporium Palm Leaf Spot, Lethal Yellowing Disease, and infestations by coconut mites. The fragility of coconut crops is exacerbated by the increasing effects of climate change, which show up as rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns. In coastal areas, where coconut farming is common, soil erosion and saline intrusion provide additional challenges that reduce the resilience of coconut trees. The use of monoculture techniques, which are common in coconut farming, depletes the nutrients in the soil and increases vulnerability to pests and illnesses. Inadequate management of water and nutrients in agricultural operations makes these problems worse and may even hinder the growth of coconuts. Coconut cultivation is made less profitable by urbanisation and market complexities including price swings and limited market access. Adoption of sustainable practices is hampered by limited access to contemporary farming technologies, financial constraints, and unstable land tenure, which further impedes long-term investments. To strengthen the resilience and sustainability of tropical coconut cultivation in the face of various adversities, a comprehensive strategy that includes strong research initiatives, widespread technology dissemination, supportive policies, and community engagement is essential in navigating this complex landscape. Keywords: Tropical coconut cultivation, challenges, diseases, pests, climate change, soil erosion, salinity intrusion, monoculture, nutrient management, water management, urbanization, market fluctuations, technology access, financial constraints, land tenure, resilience, sustainability.

From ground to gut: Evaluating the human health risk of potentially toxic elements in soil, groundwater, and their uptake by Cocos nucifera in arsenic-contaminated environments

This study aimed to gauge the toxicity of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in coconut crops cultivated in arsenic-contaminated areas while offering a global perspective encompassing more than 100 impacted countries. The current investigation provides crucial insights into the assessment of PTEs pollution using the Bioaccumulation factor, Geo-accumulation index, Potential ecological risk index, Hazardous index, and Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and highlights the potential human health risks posed by contaminated food, water, and soil. From 22 severely polluted sites in West Bengal, India, soil, groundwater (GW), and coconut water (CW) samples were collected, acidified, and digested using microwave digestion, for PTEs quantification using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Results revealed that despite high concentrations of arsenic in soils (4.6 ± 3.4 mg kg−1), and GW (22.2 ± 150.9 μg L−1), CW (0.7 ± 3.1 μg L−1) levels were within permissible limits. Groups of PTEs with comparable sources and distributions were discovered through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A speciation diagram was used to predict the prevalence of arsenic species in all three matrices. The Hazardous Index (HI < 1) indicated no probability of non-carcinogenic diseases for children and adults in all the compartments. However, exposure to GW and soil contaminated with Cr, As, and Cd by children (9.02 × 10−13 to 2.77 × 10−4) and adults (6.51 × 10−14 to 1.18 × 10−4) would increase their susceptibility to cancer (LCR >10−6). The study concluded that moderate lifetime consumption of CW is safe and has no significant impact on healthy individuals. Additionally, CW is a rich source of essential micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Mn, and B. Overall, the findings of this study could help in developing appropriate strategies for reducing PTEs contamination and protecting human health.

Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Quality of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Grown as a Component Crop in Coconut Based Cropping System

A field experiment was conducted under coastal Odisha conditions. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with 9 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consisting of T1: 75% RDF + 25% N through Vermicompost; T2: 75% RDF + 25% N through Vermicompost + FYM; T3:75% RDF + 25% N through Vermicompost + FYM +Bio fertilizers; T4:50% RDF + 50% N through Vermicompost; T5:50% RDF + 50% N through Vermicompost + FYM; T6: 50% RDF + 50% N through Vermicompost + FYM +Bio fertilizers; T7: 100% N through Vermicompost.; T8: 100% N through Vermicompost + FYM; T9:100% N through Vermicompost + FYM +Bio fertilizers. The result of the study revealed that maximum total soluble solids (11.420Brix and 10.93 0Brix), Vitamin-C (199.60 mg/100g and 189.08 mg/100g), total phenol contents (113.05 mg GAE/100g fresh weight and 88.21 mg GAE/100g fresh weight), total flavonoid contents (38.64 mg QE/100g fresh weight and 34.14 mg QE/100g fresh weight), FRAP value (21.61 mM Fe(II)/100g fresh weight and 18.39 mM Fe(II)/100g fresh weight), scavenging activity (62.03 % and 58.65 %) were observed with the plants treated with 50% RDF +50% N through Vermicompost + FYM +Bio fertilizer in both mrig and hasth bahar. The incorporation of nutrients through organic and inorganic resources leads to enhanced quality attributes of guava in Coconut Cropping System.

Fertilização com zinco melhora o crescimento e desempenho fotossintético de mudas de coqueiro anão verde

ABSTRACT Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant metabolism and has been studied in several crops of economic interest. However, there is no evidence of its use in coconut crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of foliar zinc fertilization with doses of zinc on dwarf green coconut seedlings based on their nutritional status, growth attributes, and gas exchange. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of different zinc doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g per plant) with five replicates. Seedlings were positively influenced by zinc dose, mainly in terms of growth variables and gas exchange. Zinc fertilization reduced iron and manganese content and increased zinc concentrations in the leaf tissue. Zinc fertilization promoted an increase in leaf area, height, shoot dry mass, and total dry mass. Furthermore, zinc fertilization improved photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic water use efficiency. The improvement in these growth indices and gas exchange, in most variables, was up to an estimated dose of approximately 16 g of zinc per plant and decreased with increasing doses.

Optimalisasi Limbah Sabut Kelapa Sebagai Media Tanam Hidpronik Di Desa Cinangka

Cinangka Village is a village in the Cinangka District that has the greatest economic potential in the plantation sector, especially coconut production. The potential yield of coconut plants in Cinangka Village contributes to coconut production so that in 2021 Cinangka District can produce 1113.75 tonnes of coconut crops. The results of this coconut production are distributed to meet consumption needs in the tourism sector. The high consumption of coconut fruit has an impact on the high amount of coconut husk waste produced. The method for implementing these KKM-PkM activities uses participatory counseling methods, where this counseling is carried out by providing verbal and visual counseling. The results of KKM-PkM activities have had a positive impact, namely increasing public knowledge and awareness about the benefits of utilizing coconut husk waste into coconut husk powder (cocopeat) which is used as a planting medium using hydroponic techniques. Apart from that, if the utilization of coconut husk waste management is carried out on a massive scale supported by the use of coconut husk grinding machines, it can directly increase the income of the people of Cinangka Village.

Analysis of Coconut (Cocos Nucifera L) Commodities Based on Land Suitability in the Pining District of Gayo Lues

Using a survey method, this study aimed to examine the characteristics of the land and the direction of land usage for cultivating coconuts. The land's features are described in a land map created from the overlapping findings of each land map unit, which serves as a foundation for additional study to fit the environment for growing coconut plants. According to the results of the analytics and planning of the land conservation of coconut crops in Gayo Luwes, for the crops to survive, it is vital to pay attention to soil characteristics such as temperature, rainfall, soil type, and the number of wet months. Gayo Luwes District is a coconut region in the centre of the country. Not only were the results of matching for the coconut commodity in each SST obtained by using map-based planning geographic information systems, but it was also discovered that rainfall ranged from 3100 mm/year, temperatures went from 23oC to 24oC, base saturation was in the very low to low category (3.91% -35.16%), pH H2O is classified as acidic (4.6-4.9), drainage is slightly obstructed, relatively fast and good, slopes are sloping to steep (12%-26 ) and textures with values little fine, smooth and rather rough are the limiting factors dominant. Other findings also suggest that applying organic material in garbage and compost to Red Yellow Podzolic soil in Batanghari, Jambi, increases Ca-dd and base saturation, and liming is done to raise the pH of H2O in soil units. Moderate to high levels of management can improve the slope limiting factor, such as delaying erosion, establishing a terrace, planting according to the contour, and growing covering plants. Irrigation and irrigation systems can assist in increasing the factors that limit rainfall. Keywords: Development, Coconut, Land Suitability, Gayo Lues

Effect of Various Organic Amendments on Growth of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) under Coconut Cropping System

Ginger is one of the most important spices which has been utilised for centuries as a food flavouring agent as well as a key ingredient in pharmaceutical products. Since organic food is considered to be healthy by the consumers, the demand for organic products are increasing and organic farming is gaining popularity worldwide. As ginger is a shade loving crop, it can be grown well under coconut ecosystem. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of organic amendments on the growth and yield of ginger (IISR Varada) under coconut based cropping system. The results revealed that the maximum plant height (72.08 cm) was recorded in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (71.86 cm), the number of leaves per plant were maximum (86.57) in the combined application of poultry manure and microbial consortium (T8) followed by T6 - FYM + microbial consortium (83.03), the largest leaf length (26.75 cm) was observed in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (25.83 cm) and similarly, the largest leaf width was observed in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium (3.92 cm) followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (3.87 cm). The application of T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium produced more number of tillers (9.48) followed by T6 - FYM + microbial consortium (9.23). Thus, the combined application of poultry manure and microbial consortium is considered as the best and effective organic amendment for ginger under coconut based cropping system.

A study on GHG emission assessment in agricultural areas in Sri Lanka: the case of Mahaweli H agricultural region.

Agricultural activities contribute 7% to Sri Lanka's economy and account for 20% of the national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The country aims to achieve zero net emissions by 2060. This study was aimed at assessing the present state of agricultural emissions and identifying mitigation strategies. The assessment involved estimating agricultural net GHG emissions from non-mechanical sources in the Mahaweli H region, Sri Lanka, in 2018 using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2019) guidelines. New indicators were developed to measure emissions for major crops and livestock and used to show the flow of carbon and nitrogen. The region's agricultural emissions were estimated to be 162,318 t CO2eq y-1, of which 48% was from rice field methane (CH4) emissions, 32% from soil nitrogen oxide emissions, and 11% from livestock enteric CH4 emissions. Biomass carbon accumulation offset 16% of the total emissions. Rice crops exhibited the highest emission intensity of 4.77 t CO2eq ha-1 y-1, while coconut crop had the highest abatement potential of 15.58 t CO2eq ha-1 y-1. Approximately 1.86% of the carbon input to the agricultural system was released as carbon-containing GHG (CO2 and CH4), whereas 1.18% of the nitrogen input was released as nitrous oxide. The findings of this study suggest extensive adaptations of agricultural carbon sequestration strategies and increased nitrogen use efficiency to achieve GHG mitigation targets. The emission intensity indicators derived from this study can be used for regional agricultural land use planning to maintain designated levels of emissions and implement low-emission farms.

Promising Combination Systemic Fungicides in Combating Basal Stem Rot Disease of Coconut

Basal stem rot disease is the most challenging disease in coconut crop, caused by Ganoderma lucidum. Combating the disease with new generation fungicides is a viable strategy for the promising disease control. Single and combination of new systemic fungicides in different commercial formulations were tested against the Ganoderma lucidum. Under in vitro study at 100, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations. The results revealed that Hexaconazole 4% + Carbendazim 16% SC, Hexaconazole 5% + Validamycin 2.5%SC and Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC W/W were found superior in inhibiting the mycelial growth of Ganoderma as compared to other fungicides. Per cent inhibition indicated the effectiveness of potent fungicides against the pathogen even at lower concentration.

Distribution and Identification of Invasive Whiteflies on Coconut Palms in Eastern India and Its Natural Enemies: A Biosecurity Perspective

Regular movements of planting materials between countries pave the way for the entry of exotic pests. Despite rigorous quarantine regulations, various insect pests have hitherto entered India and raised biosecurity concerns. The occurrence of rugose spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin and bondar’s nesting whitefly, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi on coconut crop has drawn the attention of the scientific and farming community due to their unique damaging behavior and rapid progression. Understanding their invasion, a study was undertaken to explore their incidence pattern in West Bengal (India). The survey revealed the occurrence of these species in different regions and habitats. The species was confirmed by standard morphological characters and molecular techniques by amplifying the cytochrome oxidase gene (COI) of mDNA. The representative sequence of A. rugioperculatus and P. bondari has been deposited to the NCBI with accession numbers OP024192 and OP024193, respectively. At present, two species co-exist on coconut leaflets with a rare exception of Gause’s principle. The incidence and severity of these pests were found greater on coconut palms. The damage inflicted by siphoning of plant sap by A. rugioperculatus was more severe than P. bondari. A shift in the weather pattern and continuous dry spells favor their proliferation and spread. The extensive field survey identified potential natural enemies of these whiteflies in the Eastern region of the country. Coconut plays a significant role in the agrarian economy and this comprehensive work would be much useful as a diagnostic guide for farmers, researchers, extension workers and organizations.

Area Estimation of Mango and Coconut Crops using Machine Learning in Hesaraghatta Hobli of Bengaluru Urban District, Karnataka

Timely and accurate estimation of acreage and production of horticulture crops is necessary for deciding how much, where and when to export these commodities in the national and global markets. Remote sensing has been one of the methods adopted, in addition to conventional sampling methods, for improving the estimates. Parametric image classification algorithms have been used by many researchers for identification and area estimation of horticulture crops. But these algorithms result in several unclassified pixels leading to over/underestimates. This study has been undertaken to estimate the area of two horticulture crops (i.e., mango and coconut) of Hesaraghatta hobli of Bengaluru urban district using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on Google Colaband Random Forest (RF) algorithms on Google Earth Engine (GEE). Remotely sensed data acquired by the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) onboard Sentiel-2A satellite was used. Spectral signatures of horticulture crops and other associated cover types have been generated to identify the cover types and for selecting appropriate band combinations. Two different band combinations were used for area estimation of selected horticulture crops: i) Near-InfraRed (NIR), Red, and Green all three having a spatial resolution of 10 m, ii) Red edge-3, Short-Wave InfraRed1 (SWIR1) and Short-Wave InfraRed2 (SWIR2) having 20 m spatial resolution. Area estimates of horticulture crops and associated cover types were validated with respect to ground truth and statistical reports from Karnataka State Directorate of Horticulture (KSDH). It was found that the CNN model performed better than RF using NIR, Red, and Green band combination with an overall accuracy of 84%, but it failed to give similar accuracies with Red edge 3, SWIR1, and SWIR2 band combination. We attempted transfer learning using the trained CNN model at two different study areas far away from the study area and found encouraging results.

Topical effect of thiamethoxam on adults of Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in laboratory

Due to the ability to locate the host plant over long distances, and the direct and indirect damage that are caused, Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is considered a key pest of coconut crop. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency by contact of the insecticide thiamethoxam on adults of R. palmarum, determining the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90), under laboratory conditions. One mL of insecticide solution was applied to the insect body at concentrations of 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm, 4 ppm and 5 ppm. Insect mortality in the treatments was evaluated after five days. The comparison of means was performed by the Tukey test at 5% significance. For determining the lethal concentrations of 50 and 90%, Probit analysis was performed. The LC50 (2.16 ppm) and LC90 (4.23 ppm) remained within the confidence interval. The concentration of 5 ppm caused 100% mortality, evidencing the efficiency of the insecticide by contact, demonstrating a promising alternative in controlling this pest.

Potential of Omics to Control Diseases and Pests in the Coconut Tree

The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) is a common crop in pantropical areas facing various challenges, one of them being the control of diseases and pests. Diseases such as bud rot caused by Phytophthora palmivora, lethal yellowing caused by phytoplasmas of the types 16SrIV-A, 16SrIV-D or 16SrIV-E, among others, and pests like the coconut palm weevil, Rhynchophorus vulneratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the horned beetle, Oryctes rhinocerus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), are controlled by applying pesticides, pheromones and cultural control. These practices do not guarantee eradication since some causal agents have become resistant or are imbedded in infected tissues making them difficult to eradicate. This review condenses the current genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies which are being conducted with the aim of understanding the pathosystems associated with the coconut palm, highlighting the findings generated by omics studies that may become future targets for the control of diseases and pests in the coconut crop.

Irrigation demand of economically significant crops in the Araras Norte and Baixo Acaraú districts, Ceará, Brazil

The aim of this study was to analyze the water demand in banana, papaya and coconut crops grown in the irrigation districts of Araras Norte and Baixo Acaraú, located in the State of Ceará. A historical meteorological series of the regions where the irrigation districts from this study are located was used. Precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures, and relative humidity data were obtained from these historical series. From the acquired precipitation data, to analyze the frequency and intensity of dry and rainy years in the area, the Rainfall Anomaly Index was calculated. Based on the meteorological data from the historical series, the reference evapotranspiration by the Hargreaves-Samani method and the crop evapotranspiration were determined. The crop water requirement was obtained based on crop evapotranspiration and precipitation. In the plots, irrigation systems were evaluated and the application efficiency was determined in order to obtain the supplementary irrigation requirement. The irrigation depths used in the Araras Norte and Baixo Acaraú irrigation districts were underestimated, not meeting the supplementary irrigation requirement. For banana and papaya crops in the Araras Norte irrigation district, performing irrigation in the first semester and applying irrigation management throughout the year could correct the water deficit. For banana and coconut crops in the Baixo Acaraú irrigation district, it would be necessary to correct the irrigation depth in the second semester, through adequate irrigation management, because in the first semester precipitation would be sufficient to meet the crop water requirement.