Coal Mining Enterprises Research Articles

Critical factors to green mining construction in China: A two-step fuzzy DEMATEL analysis of state-owned coal mining enterprises

The efficient deployment of green mining policies is an essential precondition for China to achieve its 2025 green mining construction goal. To identify the critical factors in green mining construction and help policy makers develop more effective policies, this paper conducts an overall investigation on executed green mining policies and proposes an evaluation system of green mining construction. For the sake of clarity, all the related policies has been divided into 5 categories including financial factors, regulatory factors, organizational factors, social factors and technical factors. To disentangle the interrelations between factors and ascertain the critical factors, an improved two-step fuzzy DEMATEL model is adopted for assessment with group knowledge from several long-term and experienced experts in state-owned coal mining enterprises. Results reveal that the regulatory factors and organizational factors, especially the political pressure of local governments and the administrative ranking of enterprise leader, are the critical factors to green mining construction in China, and the social factors are relatively insignificant. It can be concluded that the green mining construction is still politically driven campaign-based governance. Thus, it need priority stipulate the respective benefits and responsibilities, and then run the punitive and incentive policies such as environmental taxes, subsidies, and rewards.

Management concept of economic potential development of Donbass coal mining enterprises

Balanced development of all aspects of a company’s activity requires creating appropriate development strategies with economic potential as the basic category. The issue of efficient company management and its development is connected with the management of its economic potential development. Special attention should be drawn to Donbass coal mining enterprises which have been seriously affected by the political situation in the state environment of the Ukraine. Due to the abolition of subsidies and reduction of budget investments a huge number of unprofitable mines have been closed. Problems with supplies of utilities and sales of coal outside Donetsk region interfere with the smooth manufacturing process. Thus, development of coal mining industry is impeded by lack of market pricing mechanisms and appropriate railway traffic, poorly developed banking and other social, economic and environmental problems. Yet, mining is one of the most significant industries and occupies an important place in the economy of Donetsk region, and is very capable of increasing its production volumes. The authors have analized the research on the problem of management of economic potential development of economic entities of different levels. They introduce the notion of «potential development of coal mining entreprise». The authors have analized the macroenvironment of the region and used it to reveal limitations, threats and opportunities of development of coal industry. They present qualitative analysis of the internal environment of mining enterprises which identifies factors and parameters of their economic potential and suggest the most appropriate method for its assessment and prognosis. They have created a concept of management of economic potential development of a company adapted to the modern conditions and specific character of coal mining enterprises of Donbass.

Monitoring and Control Model for Coal Mine Gas and Coal Dust

In order to provide production safety and determine the optimal ventilation scheme in coal mining, the mines should be classified by their gas emission and mine security rank. In this paper the three models of mine classification, mine insecurity, and the optimal ventilation required by the mine are established and solved by MatLab and Lingo software. In answer to question 1, firstly, the daily absolute gas emission amount and relative gas are evaluated by average values of absolute and relative gas emission rates. It is shown that average values distribution complies with the normal distribution and fluctuation around the stable value. Finally, according to the standard requirements, the mine is classified as a high gas mine. In answer to question 2, the relationship is established between the gas concentration and the lower limit of coal dust explosion concentration, and a specific function relationship between gas concentration and coal dust explosion concentration is obtained by logarithmic fitting. The fuzzy membership function is derived, and the fuzzy statistical evaluation model is established to evaluate the mine safely. The probability safety value calculated by MatLab software is 4.63 %. In answer to question 3, firstly, according to the relationship between gas concentration, coal dust concentration and ventilation speed, the minimum air volume actually required by the coal mining face under the condition of safe production is established. Through MatLab programming calculation, the minimum air volume of coal mining face 1 and face 2 is 385.10 and 531.08 m3/min, respectively. According to the diversion of the air volume of each working zone and the specific requirements for ventilation speed in each zone, a ventilation optimization model is established and solved by Lingo software. The calculated air volume of the local ventilator and the optimal (total) air volume required by the mine are 150 and 1491.18 m3/min, respectively. Finally, through the solution and analysis of the model, it is shown that the simulation method is reasonable and can produce reliable guidance for management of high-risk coal mining enterprises.

Ecological Risks in the Coal Mining in Tuva

The problems of ecological risks and technogenic hazards in the coal mining in Tuva based on the materials of geoecological research of the Tuva Institute for the Integrated Development of Natural Resources of the SB RAS and Tuva State University in 2015—2019 are considered. The results of coal analyzes of two typical coal mining of the Ulug-Khem coal basin with open and underground mining are presented, and the danger of dust and noise pollution of nearby pastures, catastrophic pollution of coal from the spawning of the Elegest spawning river, fires due to spontaneous combustion of coal are emphasized. There is possible influence of trace elements of coal — heavy metals, arsenic, mercury, etc. on the environment. Recommendations on improving the design and organization of coal mining enterprises, in particular on the placement of dumps and reclamation of their surface, as well as on the mandatory use of treatment facilities are made in the article.

Signal Game Analysis on the Effectiveness of Coal Mine Safety Supervision Based on the Affective Events Theory

The main cause of coal mine safety accidents is the unsafe behavior of miners who are affected by their emotional state. Therefore, the implementation of effective emotional supervision is important for achieving the sustainable development of coal mining enterprises in China. Assuming rational players, a signaling game between miners (emotion-driven and judgement-driven) and managers is established from the perspective of Affective Events Theory in order to examine the impact of managers’ emotions on coal miners’ behavior; it analyzes the players’ strategy selections as well as the factors influencing the equilibrium states. The results show that the safety risk deposits paid by managers and the costs of emotion-driven miners disguising any negative emotions affect equilibrium. Under the separating equilibrium state, the emotional supervision system faces “the paradox of almost totally safe systems” and will be broken; the emotion-driven miners disguising any negative emotions will be permitted to work in the coal mine, creating a safety risk. Under the pooling equilibrium state, strong economic constraints, such as setting suitable safety risk deposits, may achieve effective emotional supervision of the miners, reducing the safety risk. The results are verified against a case study of the China Pingmei Shenma Group. Therefore, setting a suitable safety risk deposit to improve emotional supervision and creating punitive measures to prevent miners from disguising any negative emotions can reduce the number of coal mine safety accidents in China.

The Importance of the Social License to Operate at the Investment and Operations Stage of Coal Mining Projects: Application using a Decision Support System

The Social License to Operate (SLO) and the Value Chain business model are basic elements that need to be considered both at the planning and operation stages of mining operations and in particular in coal mining projects. If a coal mining enterprise loses its SLO, it may face risks in operations, which may lead to value chain risks. One of the causes of enterprise failure as related to coal mining operations is the inability to reliably assess/manage risk holistically and the inability to understand that lack of SLO is a critical risk. Although financial risks are typically assessed for mining projects, lack of SLO risk should also be taken into account starting as early as the bankable feasibility study.Furthermore, as it is difficult to establish a proactive decision-making policy for SLO risk in coal mining operations, the Operational Risk Management (ORM) methodology is probably a good tool to apply towards that goal. For this reason, a Mining Operational Risk Management Model (MORMM) was developed to incorporate risk probabilities and risk severities evaluated by experts. The final risk assessment is coded using Risk Assessment Codes (RACs). A hypothetical scenario was developed utilizing the MORMM model in order to illustrate how risks can be managed during the SLO granting process. This scenario describes a hypothetical coal mining project evaluated by virtual risk evaluators under specific hazard categories. Risk evaluation involves the assessment of risk probability and risk severity. Through this scenario this paper presents ways: (i) to establish a baseline ORM process that will be applicable to any coal mining operation environment, and (ii) to provide a theoretical example to demonstrate how the method can be applied to coal mining operations. The resulting RACs can provide critical information to decision makers regarding the rejection, acceptance or re-engineering of the mining business plan.

Competency-based approach as a basis for controlling the development of innovations in a coal mining enterprise

Relevance. To ensure competitiveness in the coal, capital and labor markets, coal mining enterprises need to seek, develop and implement innovations aimed at improving the safety, efficiency and productivity of personnel and production. Existing approaches while working with personnel are aimed at organizing conditions and involving workers in the process of improving production by including responsibility for improving processes, searching for and mastering innovations in their job responsibilities. For the effective implementation of innovative activities, it is required that, when forming the system of management functions for this activity, managers master their relevant competencies. Purpose of work: substantiation of the competency-based approach in controlling the development of innovations in a coal mining enterprise and improvement of the methodology for assessing the conformity of competencies that managers have with the required and performed management functions. Method and methodology of the work. The methods of system and structural-functional analysis, expert assessments were used. Results and scope of their application. The analysis of interpretations of the concept of “competence” is carried out and a definition is formulated, the use of which is advisable in controlling the development of innovations. Scales for assessing the development of competencies and performing management functions, including five levels, are proposed. The main competencies of a manager are the following: competence of responsibility, competence in understanding the goal, competence in understanding the strategy for achieving the goal, competence in determining means of achieving the goal, competence in choosing a control method. The results of assessing the competencies and functions of managers of production departments achieved by controlling the development of innovations at SUEK-Krasnoyarsk, are presented. Conclusions. The use of a competency-based approach in controlling the development of innovations at a coal mining enterprise allows one to purposefully improve the managerial activity of the managerial staff of divisions, and to increase the dynamics of enterprise development.

Construction of safety training course system under crisis theory

Based on the statistical analysis of coal mine accidents in 2018, it is found that there are some problems in coal mine, such as the poor effect of safety training, the poor initiative of employees in learning, and the loopholes in assessment, which are the main reasons for the illegal operation of employees. In view of the above problems, by introducing the concept of crisis education, a set of crisis education curriculum system is developed for the safety training of on-site operators in coal mining enterprises. Taking wechat mini program as the carrier, a comprehensive safety training function module is designed, and three ports of teachers, trainees and managers are configured at the same time to meet the needs of different users. And through JS, hbuilder and other technologies to achieve the development of wechat mini program. This course system has certain guiding significance to optimize the training course, improve the training effect, enhance the learning enthusiasm of employees, and reduce the three violations.

Discussion on Some Problems of Regulations and Standards of Coal Industry

In order to ensure the safety and health of the coal mine safety production and personnel, the state had issued a variety of laws and regulations and industry standards. Coal mining enterprises must abide by these laws and regulations. However, due to the fuzzy or inconsistent conditions of individual clauses, these regulations and industry norms lead to various problems in the actual production practice of coal mines. Combining with coal mine production practice, several issues such as the definition of coal and gas outburst, gas drainage standards and pore pressure measurement in tunnelling face, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the revision of the rules and standards for the specific industries of coal mine, which will provide reference for the revision of the rules and standards in the future.

Цели устойчивого развития регионального уровня: постановка и реализация на примере Кузбасса

The research features integration of Russian economy into the model of sustainable development proposed by the United Nations Organization. The authors considered the main goals of sustainable development and their prospects in Russia. The paper focuses on the case of Kuzbass (Kemerovo region) as a typical resource-type mining region. The authors studied how the local authorities implement the sustainable development concept, solve demographic problems, preserve biodiversity, and protect forests. The research involved elements of systematic and integrated approach. The authors believe that the sustainable development of a mining region depends on the implementation of the best available technologies, energy efficiency, creating green spaces, and production safety. The research also featured the role of coal mining enterprises in the formation of the regional model of sustainable development and achieving the main target priorities of sustainable development in accordance with the UN Program. The article describes the roadmap of the sustainable development model for Russian territories, as well as regional national projects, e.g. digital platforms in coal mining and environmental protection. The authors emphasize the need for reclamation of disturbed lands by coal mining companies.

Complex Approach to Evaluating Genotoxicity from Occupational Factors in Coal Mining Industry

The level of cytogenetic damage was analyzed in coal miners (N = 116) and the control sample (N = 169) using an assay for scoring of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and the DNA comet assay in lymphocytes, as well as the micronucleus test in buccal epithelial cells (MN in BEC). The group of coal miners was characterized by a statistically significantly increase in the main index values of the used test system, compared to the control group. Specifically, the level of chromosomal aberrations in the miner and control groups was 4.69 ± 0.28 and 2.13 ± 0.10%; the proportion of DNA in the comet tail was 4.33 ± 0.38 and 2.16 ± 0.24%; and the micronucleus level was 1.44 ± 0.21 and 0.23 ± 0.12‰, respectively (Р < 0.05). Moreover, in the sample of coal miners, a considerable increase in the levels of additional test indices was observed. For CAs, these parameters included the frequency of single fragments, chromatid-type aberrations, paired fragments, dicentrics without fragments, chromosome exchanges, and chromosome-type aberrations; for the DNA comet assay, these were the comet tail moment and Olive tail moment; for the MN in BEC, the frequencies of binucleated cells, cells with notched nuclei, geminate nuclei, karyorhexis, and apoptotic bodies. Ranking of the results according to major cytogenetic abnormalities made it possible to establish that, in the group of miners, the proportion of individuals with the index values above the background was 68.97% for CAs, 52.13% for the DNA comet assay, and 36.08% for the MN in BEC. The proportion of individuals with cytogenetic damage higher than the background simultaneously in three test systems was 20% of the total sample of miners. To assess the mutagenic effects from occupational factors of coal mining enterprises, it seems reasonable to use a complex of test systems (CA test, DNA comet assay, and MN in BEC).

Chromosomal aberrations in coal mine workers with lung diseases

Introduction. It is known that despite the achievements of modern science and technology and the introduction of modern safe technologies in coal mining enterprises, working in coal mines remains one of the most dangerous for health. It is established that one of the most important and signifi cant causes of occupational diseases in miners is respiratory pathology. Miners working in underground conditions are exposed to a long-term set of harmful physical and chemical factors that contribute not only to increasing the risk of various chronic occupational diseases, but also to genotoxic risk. Accounting for chromosomal aberrations is one of the most highly sensitive methods of biological indication, which allows us to assess the General patterns and specifi cs of the impact of genotoxic exposure. The aim of the study is to conduct a chromosomal analysis of somatic cells of workers of Kuzbass coal mines who are suffering from occupational pulmonary pathologies. Materials and methods. To assess the genotoxic impact of the production environment of coal mines, a cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal aberrations in the blood lymphocytes of 169 miners with lung diseases was performed. Of these, 93 people were diagnosed with “chronic dust bronchitis”, and 76 people — “anthracosilicosis”. For comparison, we used data from cytogenetic analysis of 376 conditionally healthy miners, without signs of lung diseases. As a control, 250 male individuals who did not work in industrial enterprises were studied. The material for the study was whole peripheral blood. Blood cells were cultured using a standard semi-micrometer method. The proportion of aberrant metaphases was determined by calculating the frequency of metaphases with chromosome aberrations (as a percentage of the studied number of cells). Results. It was found that the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the group of miners with lung diseases (5.04±2.40%) and healthy miners (4.12±2.32%) was signifi cantly higher than in the group of individuals who did not work in production (1.78±1.26%, p &lt;0.00001). There was a signifi cant increase in aberrant cells, single fragments, and chromatid-type aberrations in miners with pulmonary pathologies compared to healthy miners. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate a high genotoxic hazard of working conditions in coal mines. Chronic lung diseases in miners caused by prolonged contact with production factors are accompanied by a statistically signifi cant increase in chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The highest values of the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities were recorded in miners performing basic production operations. Data were obtained on the modifying eff ect of work experience on the frequency of certain types of chromosomal aberrations in miners. It is shown that smoking miners with more than 20 years of experience registered an increase in the level of chromosomal aberrations .

Predicting Hidden Danger Quantity in Coal Mines Based on Gray Neural Network

The hidden danger is the direct cause of coal mine accidents, and the number of hidden dangers in a certain area not only reflects the current safety situation, but also determines the development trend of safety production in this area to a large extent. By analyzing the formation and development law of the hidden dangers and hidden danger accident-induced mechanism in coal mines, it is concluded that there are some objective laws in the process of occurrence, development, weakening, and even stabilization of hidden dangers in a certain area. The development of the number of hidden dangers for a coal mine generally presents the law of similar normal distribution curve, with a certain degree of partial symmetry. Many years of hidden danger elimination in coal mines will accumulate large-scale hidden danger data. In this paper, by using the average value of hidden danger quantity in consecutive months to weaken the oscillation of hidden danger quantity sequence, and combining with gray model (1,1) and the neural network of extreme learning machine, and employing big data of hidden dangers available, a hidden danger quantity prediction model based on the gray neural network was established, and the experimental analysis and verification carried out. The results show that the model can achieve good prediction effect on the number of hidden dangers in a coal mine, which not only reflects the complex gray system behavior of hidden dangers of a coal mine, but also can predict dynamically. The safety management efficiency and emergency capacity of the coal mine enterprise will be greatly improved.

Evolutionary game analysis of coal-mine enterprise internal safety inspection system in China based on system dynamics

Safety regulation is an important approach to urge coal-mine enterprises to ensure safe production. The existing literature on the analysis of coal mine safety regulation through game methods focuses mainly on external supervision methods such as national and local governments, and lacks research on coal enterprises internal supervision methods. Moreover, these research focus on static analysis of the game between two stakeholders, ignoring the dynamic process of the game. Therefore, this paper explores the use of evolutionary game theory to describe the interactions between the stakeholders in China's coal enterprises internal safety inspection system, which includes the coal-mine owners, the coal-mine safety regulation departments, and rank-and-file miners. Furthermore, the multi-player evolutionary game is simulated by using system dynamics to analyze the stability of stakeholder interactions and the impact of different reward and punishment strategies on the game process and equilibrium state under different scenarios. The simulation results are as follows. First, under the static reward and punishment strategy, increasing the reward and punishment intensity can quickly reduce their unsafe behavior ratio, but at the same time increase the fluctuation in the game. Second, under the dynamic reward and punishment strategy, the stability of the game process is enhanced, but it cannot reach a satisfactory equilibrium value stable state. Last, in order to make the game process with both high stability and high safety behavior ratio, it is necessary to introduce external regulatory forces to act on the internal game system of coal mining enterprises under the dynamic reward and punishment strategy, and at the same time, the punishment intensity of regulation departments and miners should not be the same.

Myocardial deformation and parameters of diastolic function of the left ventricle in workers of coal mining enterprises in the South of Kuzbass with arterial hypertension

Introduction. Long-term persistent hypertension can lead to heart failure. The study of its early markers, which include diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle and reduction of longitudinal myocardial deformation, is of importance for workers engaged in harmful and dangerous working conditions.The aim of the study is to evaluate the parameters of myocardial deformation and diastolic function of the left ventricle, as well as their interrelation with arterial hypertension in workers of the coal mining industry in the South of Kuzbass.Materials and methods. 384 people were examined (men), including 266 workers of coal mines in the South of Kuzbass (drifters, stope miners, operators of rock removing machines) and 118 persons who were not employed in the coal industry, aged from 40 to 55 years. Arterial hypertension was detected according to the clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of arterial hypertension in 2019. The structural and functional state of the heart was studied by echocardiography with evaluation of the longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle by 2D-strain method and its diastolic function using pulse-wave and tissue dopplerography.Results. The prevalence of persons with arterial hypertension in the group of workers employed in the coal industry was established: 43.2% against 26.3% in the comparison group (p=0.002). Longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium in all subjects was significantly less in the presence of high blood pressure: -21.0±0.18 vs. -19.2±0.22% (p&lt;0.001) in the main group and -21.54±0.22 vs. -19.84±0.38% (p&lt;0.001) in the comparison group. It should also be noted that there is a tendency to differ in subgroups of subjects without arterial hypertension towards a greater reduction in longitudinal myocardial deformation in coal miners (-21.54±0.22 and -21.0±0.18%, p=0.062). In miners, diastolic left ventricular dysfunction was significantly more common than in the group without occupational hazards: 52.5 and 39.3%, respectively, p=0.021. Its presence in the cohort of coal miners with arterial hypertension was detected significantly more often (58.9%) than in individuals with normal blood pressure (25.9%), p&lt;0.0001. In turn, in the group of people not employed in the coal industry, diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle was also more common in the presence of arterial hypertension: in 42.6 and 13.9% of cases, respectively (p&lt;0.001).Conclusions. The incidence of arterial hypertension among coal miners was significantly higher than in people who do not work at coal mining enterprises. In all patients with arterial hypertension, the longitudinal deformation of the left ventricular myocardium with the preserved ejection fraction was lower than in those with normal blood pressure. Diastolic myocardial dysfunction of the left ventricle was significantly more common among those examined with underground working conditions, especially in the group of people with arterial hypertension.The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Assessment of economic security at coal mines Vinacomin (Vietnam)

Article is devoted to questions of economic security of industrial enterprises. The increasing value of this concept at the present stage of development of economy is noted. The system from several groups of economic indicators, evaluation criteria and limits of economic security by the chosen criteria is considered. The role of the coal industry in economy of Vietnam and the prospect of its development is considered. It is noted that almost all coal mining in the country is controlled by the state coal and mineralogical corporation Vinacomin. Assessment of current state of economic security of the coal-mining enterprises of the Vinacomin company is executed and some solutions for increase in economic security of the considered enterprises are proposed.

The efficiency of the coal industry based on the factor of labor productivity growth

Relevance. Insufficiently high labor productivity at coal mining enterprises actualizes a study to increase the efficiency of their activities based on the factor of productivity growth. Purpose – substantiation of a possible increase in labor productivity with a change in the ratio of open and underground mining methods. Methodology – analysis of changes in labor intensity with various options for the share of open and underground development methods, as well as assuming an increase in production. Results. Issues of effective production and economic activity of coal industry enterprises are considered taking into account the factor of increasing labor productivity of workers. For the efficient functioning of coal mining enterprises, certain correlations should be fulfilled between the rates of change in the volume of coal production, labor productivity and the cost of coal production. Changes in coal production can be achieved mainly by the ratio of underground and open-cast mining. An approach to determining the level of labor intensity of work in the coal industry with a change in the ratio of underground and open coal mining methods is proposed; with a corresponding increase in labor productivity, the unit cost of production in the planning period is determined. The factors of growth of labor productivity in the coal industry are given: an increase in the utilization rate of combines for sewage treatment and bucket excavators for opencast mines; progressive changes in the design and operational characteristics of the main coal mining equipment; the use of imported equipment only in economically feasible mining conditions; the possibility of growth of stimulating factors to ensure the corresponding labor productivity of coal mining workers; increase in the share of coal from mines and opencasts with low cost of coal mining. Conclusions. The approach developed by the authors to determine the level of reduction in the labor intensity of work in the coal industry can be used in conditions of changing the ratio of open and underground mining methods, and accordingly, the change in the cost of production of one ton of coal as a whole for the joint-stock company can be forecasted.

The concept of socio-economic regulation of labor activity of employees of a coal-mining enterprise

Relevance of the work. Nowadays, Russian enterprises and their employees are subjects of the labour, product, services market, and capital market. An analysis of the theory, methodology and practice of labour standards for workers in coalmining enterprises has shown that rate fixing, as one of the important institutions that regulate the quality, quantity and efficiency of labour use, restrains an employee’s subjectivity in the labour market. Lack of subjectivity is disadvantageous either to employees, or to management (to the owners of the enterprise, or the state), since it does not allow increasing labour efficiency, which is a source of workers’ dissatisfaction with the quality of working life and incomes, labour conflicts, insufficient to ensure the competitiveness of enterprises with increased productivity and labour safety, insufficient growth tax revenues to the state budget. These circumstances indicate the need to develop the theory and methodology of labour standards for workers of coal-mining enterprises aimed at increasing the market subjectivity of each employee of the enterprise by means of socio-economic standardization of his labour activity allowing the employee to satisfy his socioeconomic needs, and the enterprise to carry out socio-economic development as one of the conditions for effective functioning in a market environment. Purpose of the work – theoretical and methodological substantiation of the socio-economic standardization of labour activity of coal-mining workers as a real socio-economic phenomenon and a means to increase their market subjectivity, and for an enterprise to successfully realize the goals of socio-economic development in the conditions of high dynamics of the functioning environment. Methodology and methods of research. The methodology of socio-economic regulation of labour activity of workers is based on the theoretical and methodological provisions of the scientific organization of labour, the results of modern research on the development of labour standards in the context of the formation of a socially oriented market economy and an institutional approach that allows us studying the problems of functioning and changing the role of labour standards as one of the social and economic institutions that form the market subjectivity of the employee and the level of social -economic development of the enterprise. Results of the research. The key concepts of the methodology of socio-economic standardization are identified, the main provisions of the concept of socio-economic standardization of labour activity of coal-mining workers are developed. Conclusions. The increase in the market subjectivity of workers is ensured by the formation and adoption by the enterprise management of the socio-economic standardization of the labour activity of workers at all levels of management, which is based on the determination, establishment and maintenance of a measure of conformity of the social and economic benefits received by the employee, the results of his labour activity and the conditions for obtaining these results.

Structure orderliness assessment of grid development to improve the reliability of coal mine external electrical power supply

State-of-the-art reliability assessment methods require a large amount of initial statistical data, which does not always have the necessary degree of accuracy for accurate assessment. Moreover, this data is often difficult to obtain, which can ultimately delay the execution of calculations and increase error within results. This paper explores an alternative assessment method using the “structural orderliness indicator” and minimal initial data to calculate the change in reliability indicators in connection with reinforcement decisions. This paper includes the cost of reconstruction associated with the introduction of a new unit cost indicator for increasing the structure orderliness index. As a real-world application, the following discussion proposes improvements to external electrical power supply reliability for coal-mining enterprises within the Russian Federation, such as in the Kemerovo region (the biggest coal-producing region of Russia). In recent years, the number of production process suspensions and emergency shutdowns of life support facilities has increased due to external power supply disruptions. The performed calculations made possible qualitatively comparison the proposed method and state-of-the-art method based on the determination of reliability indices (SAIDI, SAIFI, etc.).

Green Mining Efficiency and Improvement Countermeasures for China's Coal Mining Industry

Abstract：This study defines green mining system as a synergetic operation system composed of mining subsystem and environmental governance subsystem. Based on the concept of green mining, this study identifies the mining subsystem as the first production stage and the environmental governance subsystem as the second production stage through conducting case study in China coal enterprise. To evaluate green mining efficiency, an entire green mining efficiency indicator system is constructed through analyzing the main elements of input and output of the two subsystems in two stage in this article. This study furthermore presents a two-stage combination Data Envelopment Analysis model to assess green mining efficiency composed of mining efficiency and environmental governance efficiency by using the data of 2019 collected from China coal mining enterprise grounded on the constructed indicator system. According to empirical study results, the main findings are unveiled from four aspects. First, the coal enterprise can be divided into three categories in accordance with the efficiency value ranking of two stage and the corresponding synergetic development levels of two stage. Second, the percentage distribution of coal enterprises based on their green mining efficiency level embodies the attributes of spindle structure. Third, the exported parameters information from two-stage combined DEA model can support green mining efficiency improvement as quantitative evidences. Fourth, the policy implications and improvement countermeasures are proposed from three perspectives.