Coagulans Fruits Research Articles

Comparative Estimation of Withaferin-A Content using HPLC Technique from Fruit Parts of the Two Chief Species of Withania Genus used as in Ayurvedic System of Medicine

Species of Withania genus is most important medicinal plant in Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani (ASU) and indigenous system of medicine, Withania species is help to support physical and mental health of human health. Withania coagulans and Withania somnifera were the two most esteem species of Withaniagenusit’s having high medicinal significance. These species were natural source of Withaferin A (steroidal lactones) is used as variety of diseases. The present study to compare the Withaferin A content is present in the Withaniacoagulans and Withania somnifera fruit using HPLC technique. The separation was achieved on C18 Eclipse, XDB, 4.6mm × 150mm, 5μm particle size column using mobile phase consisted of Acetonitrile and Buffer (35:65 v/v) in isocratic elution with flow rate 1.5ml/min. The detection of analytes at 227nm was carried out by using Diode Array Detector (DAD) for Withaferin A reference standard and test samples. The quantitative evaluation and comparison of Withaferin-A present in fruit part of Withania coagulans was 0.0121% and Withania somnifera was 0.0075%, respectively. The WithaferinA content was observed higher amountin Withania coagulans fruit compare to Withania somnifera.

Co-Combination of Pregabalin and Withaniacoagulans-Extract-Loaded Topical Gel Alleviates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in the Chronic Sciatic Nerve Constriction Injury for Neuropathic Pain in Animal Model.

The current study reports the fabrication of co-combination gel using Pregabalin and Withania coagulans fruit extract to validate its effectiveness for neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models. Three topical gels were prepared using Carbopol 934 through a pseudo-ternary phase diagram incorporating the Pregabalin (2.5%), Withania coagulans extract (2%), and co-combination of both Pregabalin (2.5%) and Withania coagulans extract (2%). Gels were characterized. FTIR showed a successful polymeric network of the gel without any interaction. The drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. The AFM images topographically indicated the rough surface of gels with a size range from 0.25 to 330 nm. DSC showed the disappearance of sharp peaks of the drug and extract, showing successful incorporation into the polymeric network of gels. The in vitro drug release of co-combination gel was 73% over 48 h. The mechanism of drug release by combination gel was Higuchi+ fickian with values of n (0.282) and R2 (0.947). An in vivo study for pain assessment via four methods: (i) heat hyperalgesia, (ii) cold allodynia, (iii) mechano-hyperalgesia, and (iv) dynamic mechano-allodynia, confirmed that topical treatment with co-combination gel reduced the pain significantly as indicated by the p value: R1 (p < 0.001), R2 (p < 0.001), R3 (p < 0.015), and R4 (p < 0.0344). The significance order was R2 (****) > R1 (***) > R3 (**) > R4 (*) > R5 (ns).

STUDY OF ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF WITHANIA COAGULANS FRUITS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED NON-INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS IN RATS

Withania coagulans Dunal (fam. Solanaceae) is an indigenous plant used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes and associated complications. However, the mechanistic approach of antihyperglycemic potential of the plant is not scientifically validated. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potential of aqueous extract of W. coagulans fruits (AEWC) in streptozotocin-induced non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in rats and to focus on its possible mechanism of action. NIDDM was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg kg-1 i.p.) in male Wistar rats. Animals were divided in five groups (n=6) and treated with AEWC (250 mg kg-1 and 500 mg kg-1). Glibenclamide (4 mg kg-1) was used as a standard drug. At the end of 4 weeks, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum insulin, lipid profile, glucose uptake from rat hemidiaphragms, liver glycogen, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), serum alanine transaminase (ALP) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined. Antioxidant enzymes of liver including superoxide dismutase and catalase were evaluated. Histopathology of pancreas was studied. The results of our study demonstrate antihyperglycemic potential of AEWC because of improvement in the lipid metabolism and by relieving the oxidative stress as well.

Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Potential of an Isolated Hydroalcoholic Fraction from the Fruit of Withania coagulans.

The hydro-alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits was investigated for preliminary phytochemical screening and characterized by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Column chromatography of the hydro-alcoholic extract of W. coagulans eluted with four different combinations of ethyl acetate and methanol yielded four fractions (WCF01, WCF02, WCF03, and WCF04). One of these fractions, WCF02, significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity with IC50 values of 104.71 μg/mL and 70.79 μg/mL, respectively. WCF02 further reduced blood glucose levels in comparison to control in the starch tolerance test. The extract showed a relative dose-dependent effect. It was observed that none of the extracts could delay the peak blood glucose that was achieved after 60 min of carbohydrate challenge, but these blunted the glycemic peak.

SCREENING &amp; EVALUATION OF ANTI-DIABETIC SPECTRUM OF WITHANIA COAGULANS

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder. This review article is planned to The anti-diabetic effect of Withania Coagulans have been successfully used in Ayurvedic and other traditional formulations and found to be efficient and inexpensive as compared to synthetic drugs. It also aims to test and verify the W. coagulans fruits, showed significant inhibition on postprandial rise in hyperglycemia post-sucrose load in normoglycemic rats as well as streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. which is comparable to the standard antidiabetic drug Glibenclamide for medical care, The present study defines the systematic evaluation and the role of minerals in glycemic potential of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in order to develop an effective and safe alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus.&#x0D; These studies conducted to determine the antidiabetic effect of Withania coagulans and pancreatic histological features in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat.&#x0D; Results: The study is based on results of lowering in blood glucose levels of normal, sub, mild diabetic rats assessed during fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance test studies.&#x0D; The dose of 1000mg/kg was identified as the most effective dose, which reduce the blood glucose level maximum by 35.2% at 5 hours in normal rats during blood glucose studies.&#x0D; Glucose tolerance test studies is normal, sub and mild diabetic rats showed the maximum reduction of 16.7, 29.8 and 38.5% at 4hour respectively.&#x0D; Long term study incase of severely diabetic rats showed reduction fasting glucose level respectively after 30 days of treatment.&#x0D; The present study confirming antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of Withania Coagulans, helps in identifying the role of trace minerals like Mg and Ca responsible for antidiabetic potential of this potent indigenous shrub.&#x0D; Conclusion: The present research has presented comprehensive details of antidiabetic plants used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Most of these plant derived medicines.&#x0D; Keywords: Anti-Diabetic effect, Screening &amp; Evaluation, Streptozocin, Glibenclamide, Diabetic rats.

The antidepressant activity of alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice by tail suspension test

Background: There are many antidepressant drugs used today have the adverse drug reactions. Withania coagulans – a species to be extinct, is not explored much for its effects on mood except in late seventies. As a result, it was thought worthy to explore antidepressant activities of alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice (SAM) using tail suspension test (TST). Aim and Objective: This study aims to study the alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits’ antidepressant effect in SAM by TST. Materials and Methods: TST was used for evaluating the antidepressant action of W. coagulans fruits alcoholic extract. If the extract had antidepressant action, then it was estimated that the period of mobility would rise and immobility would reduce. This reduction in immobility, if found statistically significant, was considered for antidepressant action. Results: There was statistically substantial (P < 0.001) association observed between alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits with depressant action on mood in SAM by TST. Conclusion: The alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits did not prove antidepressant action in SAM. On the other hand, it showed depressive effect on the mood in the TST.

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND MEDICINAL INVESTIGATION AND APPLICATIONS OF WITHANIA COAGULANS (DUNAL) FRUITS

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND MEDICINAL INVESTIGATION AND APPLICATIONS OF WITHANIA COAGULANS (DUNAL) FRUITS

A comparison study on the cow and mare milk-clotting activity of Withania coagulans

The limitations of rennin application in cheese crafting usually urge the discovery of novel proteases. The Withania coagulans fruits are well-known for their caseinolytic activity in cheese production. The study aims to evaluate some of the factors affecting the milk-clotting activity (MCA) of W. coagulans fruit enzymatic extract in even and odd-toed hoofed-mammals milk. The extracts were prepared by distilled water and normal saline and their protein content were evaluated. The time necessary for the appearance of discernible and discrete particles in the mare and cow milk by the two concentrations of saline and hydro W. coagulans extracts (SE and HE, respectively) was assessed at 35 and 40°C while exposing different levels of calcium chloride. The interaction of these factors on MCA was evaluated using mixed-design ANOVA. Three significant interaction patterns considering the maximum number of factors were revealed (p < 0.05). The higher extract concentration and incubation temperature (40°C) was always effective in producing the utmost MCA in these interactions. The SE was faster than HE in milk clot formation. The cow milk was a more suitable substrate than mare milk for the enzyme activity.

The antidepressant activity of the alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice by forced swimming test

Background: Depression is one of the most upsetting mood disorders. The various antidepressant medications used today are having the adverse drug effects. Withania coagulans – a vulnerable species, is not explored much for its effects on mood except in the late 70s. Therefore, it was thought worthy to explore anti-depressive activities of the alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice using forced swimming test. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study the antidepressant activities of the alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice using forced swimming test. Materials and Methods: Forced swimming test was used for assessing the anti-depressive activity of W. coagulans fruits alcoholic extract. If the extract had antidepressant activity, then it was expected that the period of mobility would increase and immobility would decrease. This decrease in immobility, if found statistically significant, was considered for antidepressant activity. Results: There was statistically highly significant (P < 0.001) association observed between alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits with depressive effect on mood in Swiss albino mice. Conclusion: The alcoholic extract of W. coagulans fruits did not demonstrate antidepressant activity in Swiss albino mice. In contrast, it revealed depressive effect on the mood in the forced swimming test.

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF WITHANIA COAGULANS FRUIT ON THE FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVELS OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of supplementation of Withania coagulans fruit on the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of type 2 diabetic subjects.Methods: In the natural system of medicine, many plants have been claimed to be useful for the management of diabetes mellitus. W. coagulans (Paneer poo) is one such source in which the fruit of the plant possesses hypoglycemic properties. The study was designed to determine the effect of a 60-day supplementation of W. coagulans fruit drink on the FPG levels of Type 2 diabetic subjects. W. coagulans fruit (6 numbers - approximately 2.5 g) was soaked overnight in 100 ml of water. This was administered to the experimental group. The control group received a placebo.Results: There was a significant decrease in the FPG levels of the experimental group on the 61st day. There was a statistically significant increase in the FPG level of the control group on the 61st day, showing that the placebo did not have any hypoglycemic effect.Conclusion: A significant reduction in FPG levels in the experimental group at the end of the study period proves that W. coagulans is a good hypoglycemic agent.

CNS depressant and analgesic effects of Withania coagulans (Stocks) dunal fruits collected from Khuzdar district of Balochistan, Pakistan

Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (Solanaceae) have been reported with various uses such as emetic, sedative, diuretic, alterative in chronic liver disorders, dyspepsia, intestinal infections and colic pain. This study aims to investigate the central nervous system (CNS) depressant, anxiolytic and analgesic effects of methanolic extract of W. coagulans. CNS depressant activity of crude methanolic extract of W. coagulans fruits was evaluated using standard animal behavioural models such as open field, cage crossing, rearing and traction test. Anxiolytic activity was evaluated through forced swimming test whereas analgesic activity was carried out via acetic acid induced writhing and formalin test in mice. The extract (100 and 250mg/kg) showed a dose-dependent suppression of motor and exploratory (Neuropharmacological) activity for mice in open field, cage crossing, rearing and traction test. Significant writhing effect i.e. decrease in number of writhes as well as analgesic effects were observed (P<0.05).The findings of current research work supports the CNS sedative and analgesic potential of W. coagulans. Keywords: Analgesic; Writhing test; Balochistan; Khuzdar; Withania coagulans http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2017.60066

Purification and characterization of a milk-clotting aspartic protease from Withania coagulans fruit

Withania coagulans fruit has traditionally been used as milk coagulant. The present study reports the purification and characterization of an aspartic protease from W. coagulans fruit. The enzyme was purified via fractional ammonium sulfate precipitation and cation exchange chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the presence of a monomeric protein with molecular weight of 31kDa. Proteolytic activity (PA) of the protease was evaluated using casein, and the milk-clotting activity (MCA) was analyzed by skim milk. The Km and Vmax values of the enzyme for casein were obtained to be 1.29mg/ml and 0.035μmol Tyr/min, respectively. Optimal temperature and pH were 65°C and 5.5, respectively. After incubation of enzyme at 65°C for 1h, 73% of PA was remained which demonstrated high thermal stability of the enzyme. Mass spectrometry analysis of the purified protease and enzyme assays in the presence of protease inhibitors indicated that aspartic protease was the only responsible enzyme in milk coagulation. Furthermore, by investigating the effect of salts on enzyme activity, it was observed that both NaCl and CaCl2 reduced enzyme activity. These characteristics of the protease suggest that the enzyme may be suitable for producing low salt content cheeses.

Protective Effect of Withania coagulans Fruit Extract on Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats.

Background:Fruits of Withania coagulans (Solanaceae) reported to possess several bioactive compounds as curative agents for various clinical conditions. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug to treat sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, cervical cancer, germ cell tumors, etc. The major factor that limits its clinical use is its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity.Aim:To explore the nephroprotective effect of W. coagulans extract and its modulatory effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity.Materials and Methods:W. coagulans fruit extract was quantitatively standardized with withaferin A using high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The subacute toxicity study was performed according to OECD guidelines in experimental rats. Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by a single dose of cisplatin (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Nephroprotective role of W. coagulans fruit extract at different doses had been evaluated. It includes quantification of serum kidney toxicity markers, renal tissue oxidative stress biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines level, DNA fragmentation assay, and histopathological examination of renal tissue.Results:Withaferin A was found 3.56 mg/g of W. coagulans fruit extract. It significantly prevented the rise in serum urea and creatinine level and also preserve rat kidneys from oxidative stress and free radical induced DNA damage. Histopathological study showed extract treatment eliminates tubular swelling, cellular necrosis, and protein cast deposition in cisplatin treated kidney tissue. It averted the decline in glutathione content, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. These parameters were restored to near normal levels by extract in a dose of 400 mg/kg, per oral. Conclusion: It can be justified that W. coagulans possess dose dependent protective effect against cisplatin induced kidney damages, primarily through its free radical scavenging and anti inflammatory activitySUMMARY Authentication and standardization of Withania coagulans fruitsSubacute oral toxicity studyEvaluation of nephroprotective activity against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicityDNA fragmentation assay and histopathological examination of kidney tissue in experimental rats. Abbreviations Used: WHO: World Health Organization, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, CAT: Catalase, HPTLC: High-performance thin layer chromatography, p.o.: Per.oral, i.p.: Intraperitoneal, TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β: Interleukin 1-beta, IL-6: Interleukin-6

The effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Withania somnifera root, Withania coagulans fruit and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on immune response and small intestinal morphology of broiler chickens

ABSTRACTThis study was performed to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Withania somnifera (WS) root, Withania coagulans (WC) fruit, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] on immune response and small intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 550 male one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 55 pens, with 10 birds per pen (replicate), and reared for 42 days. Broiler chickens were fed 11 dietary treatments including a positive control diet with adequate Ca; a negative control diet (Ca concentration reduced by 30%); and the negative control diet supplemented with either WS or WC extracts at three levels (0, 75, and 150 mg/kg diet) or 1,25(OH)2D3 at two different levels (0 and 0.5 μg/kg diet). Antibody response against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was measured on days 32 and 39. Administration of 150 mg/kg WS and WC significantly increased the production of IgG specific to SRBC on primary and secondary antibody response, respectively. Birds given a negative control diet supplemented with only 150 mg/kg WS displayed the highest villus width compared to those given 75 mg/kg WS or WC with 1,25(OH)2D3. The present study showed that supplementation of WS or WC at 150 mg/kg had beneficial effects on humoral immune response. Also, administration of WS significantly increased villus width.

New fatty acid, aromatic ester and monoterpenic benzyl glucoside from the fruits of Withania coagulans Dunal

The fruits of Withania coagulans Dunal (family: Solanaceae) are sweet, sedative, emetic, alterative and diuretic; used to treat asthma, biliousness, strangury, wounds, dyspepsia, flatulent colic, liver complaints and intestinal infections in the indigenous system of medicine. Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of W. coagulans fruits led to the isolation of a new fatty acid, an aromatic ester and a monoterpenic benzyl glucoside characterised as n-octatriacont-17-enoic acid (3), geranilan-10-olyl dihydrocinnamoate (4) and geranilan-8-oic acid-10-olyl salicyloxy-2-O-β-d-glucofuranosyl-(6″→1‴)-O-β-d-glucofuranosyl-6‴-n-octadec-9‴′,11‴′-dienoate (5) along with two known fatty acids, n-dotriacont-21-enoic acid (1) and n-tetratriacontanoic acid (2). The structures of isolated phytoconstituents were established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, FT-IR, UV, and MS data and chemical means.

English

Tofu is a nutritional, gel-like soy food. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Withania coagulans extract on the soymilk coagulation for producing tofu. For this purpose, soymilk was coagulated by W. coagulans extract, and the properties of the prepared tofu were analyzed. The results indicate that the extract of W. coagulans as a coagulant significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced yield and moisture content when compared with calcium sulfate tofu, but fat and protein contents of W. coagulans tofu and calcium sulfate tofu were the same. Results of sensory evaluation show that the sensorial properties of W. coagulans tofu are not different from that of calcium sulfate tofu. In this way, it was concluded that the extract of W. coagulans fruits could be used as a natural coagulant in coagulation processes of soymilk. Key words: Withania coagulans soymilk, tofu, coagulant, syneresis.

The Aqueous Extract ofWithania coagulansFruit Partially Reverses Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats

Withania coagulans fruit has been shown to possess antihyperglycemic properties and is used in the traditional Indian system of medicine. However, there has no systematic study of its mechanism of action. In a rat model diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide (230 mg/kg of body weight) followed by streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg of body weight. After 96 h, mildly diabetic (MD) (fasting plasma glucose [FPG]=7-11.1 mmol/L) and severely diabetic (SD) (FPG>11.1 mmol/L) rats were treated with aqueous extract of W. coagulans fruit at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of body weight/day orally. FPG, postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), plasma insulin, tissue glycogen, and glucose-metabolizing enzymes were assayed at Day 30. Treatment of diabetic animals (MD and SD) with different doses of aqueous W. coagulans resulted in significantly decreased FPG, PPPG, and HbA(1c) (P<.01), whereas serum insulin increased significantly compared with that in diabetic-untreated rats (P<.01). MD and SD animals treated with aqueous W. coagulans also showed significant increases in liver and muscle glycogen compared with diabetic-untreated animals (P<.01). Moreover, activities of glucokinase and phosphofructokinase were also significantly increased (P<.01), whereas glucose-6-phosphatase activity was significantly decreased (P<.01) in MD and SD groups treated with aqueous W. coagulans compared with diabetic-untreated groups. The most effective dose of aqueous W. coagulans was 250 mg/kg of body weight. These results show that the aqueous extract of W. coagulans fruit has significant antihyperglycemic effects, which may be through the modulation of insulin levels and related enzyme activities.

HYPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF WITHANIA COAGULANS FRUIT ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN NORMAL AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

ABSTRACT The study deals with the effect of ethanolic extract of Withania coagulans fruits on normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic models. The maximum reduction of 39.2% in fasting blood glucose at 4 h and 39.9% during oral glucose tolerance test at 2 h was observed with the dose of 750 mg/kg in normal rats, whereas the reduction observed was 47.1 and 42.7% in blood glucose levels of sub- and mild diabetic rats, respectively, at 2 h during oral glucose tolerance test with the same dose. Long-term study of severely diabetic rats showed reduction of 48.5 and 52.6% in fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose levels, respectively, after 30 days of treatment. In addition 75% decrease in urine sugar and 13.08% increase in body weight of treated group was found at the end of the experiment. Trace elements present in the text were identified through laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The Withania coagulans has been shown to possess varied medicinal properties. The aqueous extract of the fruits has been shown to exert hepatoprotective, antiinflammatory and antidiabetic activity. Recently, it has been reported by our research group that the aqueous extract of W. coagulans has hypoglycemic potential. The present communication is an endeavor in the direction of evaluating the in vivo hypoglycemic as well as antidiabetic effect from ethanolic extract W. coagulans fruits in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats so that it can be used as a value added agent for managing diabetes.

Antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidaemic effect of poly-constituents, in aqueous and chloroform extracts, of Withania coagulans Dunal in experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats

Withania coagulans is used in indigenous system of medicine in several conditions, and its aqueous extract alone has reported antihyperglycemic activity. As per the principles of Indigenous System of Medicine, the combined use of aqueous and chloroform extracts of W coagulans fruits, containing multi-constituents, has been evaluated for the effect on blood glucose, lipid profile and body weight in type 2 diabetic rats. The aqueous and chloroform extracts were prepared by simple maceration and hot refluxing using Soxhlet apparatus, respectively. They were administered orally singly and concurrently as combination, once daily, a dose of 1 g kg(-1) for 14 days in different groups of normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats. Orally normal saline 1 mL 100 g(-1), and Metformin 500 mg kg(-1), were used as control and standard, respectively. Aqueous extract showed highly significant (p < .01) decrease in the blood glucose (52%), triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL level and highly significant (p < .01) increase in HDL level. The antihyperglycemic effect was found slightly (6%) superior to metformin. The combination of aqueous and chloroform extracts showed highly significant (p < .01) decrease in the blood glucose (55%), triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL levels, and a highly significant (p < .01) increase in HDL level. The antihyperglycemic effect being better than Metformin and aqueous extracts, 9% and 3%, respectively.

Hypolipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans Dunal in albino rats

Administration of an aqueous extract of fruits of Withania coagulans (1 g/kg; p.o.) to high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats for 7 weeks, significantly reduced elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein levels. This drug also showed hypolipidemic activity in triton induced hypercholesterolemia. The histopathological examination of liver tissues of treated hyperlipidemic rats showed comparatively lesser degenerative changes compared with hyperlipidemic controls. The hypolipidemic effect of W. coagulans fruits was found to be comparable to that of an Ayurvedic product containing Commiphora mukkul.