Cooperative Research Research Articles

Comparative analysis of demographics and outcomes in hospitalized patients with young- versus average-onset colorectal cancer in New York state (2017-2022).

27 Background: Recent studies have shown an increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among young patients. This study investigates clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization among young (<50) versus average onset (≥50) CRC patients admitted to hospitals in New York State (NYS). Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database from 2017 to 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: young-onset colorectal cancer patients (YOCRC, <50 years) and average onset colorectal cancer patients (AOCRC, ≥50 years). The study population was further stratified by demographic and clinical characteristics. All associations were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test, along with multivariate linear and logistic regression in RStudio version 4.4.1, at a significance level of ≤0.05. Clinical characteristics, including severity of illness and risk of mortality, were defined using the All Patient Refined (APR) grading system. Results: A total of 9,904 patients were identified (948 YOCRC and 8,956 AOCRC) with a primary admitting diagnosis of CRC from 2017 to 2022. In comparing the two age groups, AOCRC patients had a higher proportion of White, and female patients, whereas the YOCRC group included a higher proportion of Black and male patients (p<0.001). The median length of stay was greater for AOCRC patients (5 days) compared to YOCRC patients (4 days), p<0.001. Both age groups showed an upward trend in total cost of stay in the recent years. AOCRC patients were more likely to have increased severity of illness graded as major-extreme (60% vs 48%), while a higher proportion of YOCRC patients were classified as minor-moderate disease (51% vs 40%), p<0.001. Similarly, AOCRC patients experienced a higher risk of mortality compared to YOCRC patients (p<0.001). Regarding procedures, AOCRC patients needed more transfusions (13%) than YOCRC patients (9.3%), p<0.001. YOCRC patients were also more likely to be discharged home (71% vs 46%), while AOCRC patients often required home health services or skilled nursing (p<0.001). Notably, while the risk of mortality was higher for AOCRC patients, it has been decreasing overall from 2017 to 2022 [OR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84-0.99), p=0.039]. Conclusions: AOCRC patients experienced greater severity of disease, higher mortality risk, and required more assistive care at discharge compared to YOCRC patients. The total cost of hospital stays has been rising for both groups. Policies focused on earlier outpatient interventions may help reduce the burden of inpatient care and rising costs.

Correction: Access to and use of Data for better Healthcare: A Plea for a cooperative data and Research Infrastructure of Statutory and Private Health Insurers and the Network University Medicine (NUM)

Correction: Access to and use of Data for better Healthcare: A Plea for a cooperative data and Research Infrastructure of Statutory and Private Health Insurers and the Network University Medicine (NUM)

P-2118. False-positive Aspergillus Galactomannan Test in Multiple Myeloma

Abstract Background Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IA) is a common infectious disease in patients with hematological diseases. The prevention, early detection, and establishment of treatment strategies for IA are important clinical issues. One of the mycological tests for IA is the serum galactomannan antigen (GM), which is included in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycosis Study Group (EORTC/MSG) mycological criteria and is widely used because of its high sensitivity and specificity. However, whether this method is useful for all diseases and situations is unclear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the results of all GM tests performed in our department between April 2003 and January 2012. Results Of 330 cases and 2155 samples, 540 (25%) were positive (0.5≦). The positivity rates for underlying diseases were 10.1%, 6.6%, 4.8%, 20%, 21.2%, and 61.3% for acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, respectively, with the highest positivity rate for myeloma. By type, IgG, IgA, Bence Jones protein, and IgD were 71.7%, 33.3%, 57.1%, and 34.6%, respectively, and the positivity rate of IgG type was high. All 18 IgG-positive cases at the time of diagnosis of MM were false positives according to the 2019 EORTC/MSG criteria. There was no direct correlation between the IgG and GM values. Of the 18 false-positive cases, 12 patients received antifungal prophylaxis, two of whom developed IA during treatment with steroids, and five who did not receive prophylaxis did not develop IA. When the Aspergillus antigen was measured using the serum from which IgG-type monoclonal protein in some patients with IgG-type myeloma was purified and extracted using protein G, the Aspergillus antigen values decreased. Conclusion Although it is possible that the GM test for myeloma captures subclinical IA, the GM antigen test may be prone to false positives in IgG-type myeloma, and the results should be interpreted with caution. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Analysis of Studies on Interpreter’s Role on International Journals by Citespace (2000-2022)

Interpreters play important roles in international communication, and the international research on interpreter’s role has a history of over 50 years. This study use Citespace tool to analyse the data of Web of Science from 2000 to 2022 in order to understand the status quo and trend of research. It is found that such research saw a general trend of increase in fluctuation and there seems to be lack of cooperative research with much room for future cooperation between different research institutions. Current research can be categorized into conference interpreting, medical interpreting, court interpreting, prison interpreting, community interpreting, sign language interpreting, telephone interpreting, etc. It can also be classified into professional and non-professional interpreting, self-perspective and others ’ perspective, interpreting practice, interpreting quality, interpreting history, professional and inter professional education, etc. Future research could further the traditional domains and integrate the research with other domains of interpreting studies and that of other sectors. It could be further combined with sociological theories, adopt more diversified research methods, take a broader view in terms of interpreter’s working environment, and combine more closely with technology.

Status and prospect of esophageal cancer screening

Esophageal cancer is one of the global public health problems, which is a serious threat to life and health. Screening is not only an important main measures to reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer, but also an effective strategy for early prevention and early treatment. There are significant differences in the screening status of esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cancer between China and abroad. Internationally, there are several guidelines for screening and monitoring of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma, but most guidelines do not recommend screening in the general population. The primary screening by sponge ball then endoscopic diagnosis is a new focus. In China, the screening of esophageal cancer and its precancerous lesions is mainly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, which has been relatively mature and gradually transformed from population screening to opportunistic screening. However, due to the high cost, high technical difficulty and certain invasiveness, it is difficult to popularize and be applied widely; and the canceration rate of precancerous lesions is low, so it is very important to control the cost of screening and scientific follow-up. Moreover, high-risk population should raise their awareness of cancer prevention, actively take primary prevention and the initiative to participate in screening. About medicine institutions, it is urgent to improve the awareness and capacity of early screening. The multi-disciplinary research cooperation, minimally invasive, simple and economical screening methods and multi-omics biomarkers are still explored to detect and concentrate high-risk populations, which will help to optimize screening programs of esophageal cancer and further reduce the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer.

Optimization of international talent training program in biological and biomechanical field of Shaanxi universities by integrating Transformer-GRU model under the “Belt and Road” initiative

In the field of biology of Shaanxi universities, there are problems such as insufficient internationalization of course content, limited internationalization level of teachers, and difficulty in meeting the personalized needs of students’ foreign language ability. To this end, under the Belt and Road Initiative, this paper proposes an intelligent solution based on Transformer and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) models, aiming to improve the quality of international education in the field of biology of universities by optimizing course content and teaching methods. This study first uses the Transformer model to integrate and analyze a large number of international education resources, identify global cutting-edge knowledge and cross-cultural education elements in biology courses, including biomechanical principles that underpin biological functions and interactions. This provides scientific support for the optimization of course content. At the same time, the GRU model is used to dynamically analyze the progress of teachers’ international teaching and students’ learning feedback. Just as organisms can adjust their metabolic rate according to the changes in the environment, the model automatically adjusts the pace and difficulty of the subsequent teaching content according to the students’ speed of mastery and difficulties in understanding biomechanics knowledge, ensuring that each student can keep up with the pace of teaching. Additionally, the integration of biomechanical concepts into the curriculum helps students understand the mechanical properties and behaviors of biological systems, fostering interdisciplinary thinking and enhancing their global vision. Experimental results show that the students in Class A who adopt this research program are significantly better than the control Class B in terms of knowledge mastery, interdisciplinary thinking, and global vision (P < 0.05); after the experiment, the average foreign language ability score of the students in Class A is 7.04 points higher than that of Class B; the overall satisfaction of the students in Class A with the new teaching program is as high as 82.5%. This paper, based on the combination of Transformer and GRU models, can effectively promote the international talent training process of biology majors in Shaanxi universities, particularly by incorporating biomechanical insights, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of this major in global academic and scientific research cooperation.

Creative-Motivated Citizen Science After-School STEAM Programme for Motivating Actions Related to the Oceanic Microplastics Problem

Citizen science (CS) projects focused on microplastics (MP), small plastics that cause widespread ocean pollution, have gained interest from international research communities. However, research is lacking on designing citizen science educational programmes that promote microplastic problem-solving and enhance local understanding. These programmes could use STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) education and creative activities for children, supported by local adults such as parents and teachers. We, therefore, created a nine-week STEAM education CS after-school programme for primary school children. In addition to MP sampling, we have also incorporated elements of STEAM education, combining creative projects and motivational activities, in this creative-motivated after-school programme. Our goals are to encourage long-term community cooperation in research, learning about MP issues, and thinking about local solutions through this community participatory CS programme. As a result, our qualitative results showed that five primary school children and five community adults were actively involved in the programme. Three creative project outputs were produced, and four MP data sampling sessions were conducted. Three pairs of children and their mother participants remained engaged in this ongoing problem-solving activity 10 months after its conclusion. During our programme progression, we observed familial engagement between local children and parents, which has not commonly been studied in the context of CS programmes. We believe that designing action-motivating long-term programmes to raise participants’ awareness of issues and interest in research is important. This CS programme has the potential to encourage long-term community interaction with research and enhance community involvement in environmental issues.

Inventory & Analysis of Minor Concrete Infrastructure for the City and County of Denver

The City and County of Denver (CCD) and the University of Colorado Denver (UCD) have been involved in cooperative research since 1997. Although a variety of projects have been completed, the main deliverable has been a comprehensive Geographic Information System (GIS) database containing both major and minor infrastructure. Major infrastructure included assets such as bridges and streets, while minor infrastructure includes assets of alleys and street subsystems, which include curbs, gutters, inlets, sidewalks, driveways, crosspans, and curb ramps. This paper presents the equipment and methodology used for the inventory and analysis summary of CCD’s concrete curbs, gutter pans, and alleys.

How does the collaboration work? An Analysis of Power in the Disabled in Politics Cooperative Project and its Implication for Action Research

The article addresses the problem of power relations in cooperative and action research projects. The Disabled in Politics project, a cooperative research project, was conducted in Switzerland by three institutions: 1) the Tatkraft Association, an association of disabled people; 2) the Centre for Social Law at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW); and 3) the Chair of Special Education: Society, Participation, and Disability at the University of Zurich. However, the different resources of the cooperation partners led to practical problems with power. Therefore, we analyze the collaboration within the project through Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital and reveal power relations and shifts based on critical project decisions. This article examines the influence of the partners’ institutional backgrounds on the collaboration and how their positions changed throughout the project. Finally, Bourdieu’s template is proposed to better understand power relations in action research projects.

A long and fruitful cooperation in atmospheric aerosol research between Cuba and Spain

A long and fruitful cooperation in atmospheric aerosol research between Cuba and Spain

Co-operative and mutual enterprises research

Co-operative and mutual enterprises research

Time's Sublimest Target: Practices of Forgetting in HCI and CSCW

In our contemporary moment, there exists a hegemonic design practice and a general social desire to retain information. With the help of sociotechnical platforms and other contemporary technologies, information has changed its temporal and spatial boundaries, creating unbounded, algorithmic, and emergent forms of retention. The consequences of such retention are numerous, ranging from an overabundance of autobiographical information that cannot be fully understood by the individual to the improper use and economization of such information by state and corporation alike. Within this context, this paper investigates a counter-hegemonic practice of forgetting, specifically from the perspective of human-computer interaction and computer-supported cooperative work research, with additional insight drawn from adjacent fields. In doing so, we present forgetting as a significant area of research with HCI and CSCW, a burgeoning and contradictory space that may offer solutions to issues we face within a moment of persistence by default. This paper also explores potential directions for future research and design on forgetting in HCI and CSCW through an investigation of an art piece by Chinese artist Song Dong.

Rural-urban disparity in survival and use of PCI in patients who develop STEMI while hospitalized for a non-cardiac condition.

The development of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in patients hospitalized for non-cardiac indications carries a high mortality rate. Determine the impact of rural vs. urban hospital location and hospital percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volumes on clinical outcomes. The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database was queried for STEMI claims from 2011 to 2018. The 2010 Rural-Urban Commuting Area classification scheme was used to stratify hospitals as urban or rural. 64960 STEMI patients were identified from 231 hospitals with 2880 (4.4%) being classified as inpatient STEMI (IPS). IPS patients were older (73.5 ± 13.3 years vs 64.6 ± 14.2 years; p < .0001) and more frequently female (49.3% vs 33.1%; p < .0001), had more comorbidities, were less likely to receive PCI (13.1% vs 69.4%; p < .0001), and had higher 1-year mortality (59.6% vs 16.4%; p < .0001) than outpatient STEMI (OPS). IPS that occurred in rural hospitals were less often treated with PCI (3.8% vs 13.8%; p < 0.01) and had higher one-year mortality (68.6% vs 58.9%; p < 0.01) than those occurring in urban hospitals. Similar results were observed when hospitals were divided into rural vs suburban vs urban based on the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties. Patients with IPS admitted to low-volume PCI centers were significantly less likely to receive PCI and had higher one-year mortality, after adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, compared to those admitted to high-volume PCI centers. IPS treated at rural hospitals and/or low-volume PCI centers were less likely to be treated with PCI and had higher one-year mortality rates. The development of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in patients hospitalized for non-cardiac indications carries a high mortality rate. Using a large retrospective cohort study, we investigated the impact of hospital location and PCI volume on outcomes in inpatient STEMI (IPS). Patients with IPS were generally older, more frequently female, and had more comorbidities than those with outpatient STEMI. After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, those with IPS admitted to rural and/or low-volume PCI centers were less likely to receive PCI and experienced higher one-year mortality rates.

Companion animal and equine clinical research: a Nordic perspective.

The societal value of cats, dogs and horses is high, and the companion and sport animal health care sector is growing. Clinical research concerning cats, dogs and horses is crucial for the development of evidence-based medical care that benefits animals and their owners, and has implications for human and environmental health from a One Health perspective. Basic information on companion animal and equine research enables more directed measures to improve conditions for research within the area. The aim of the present study was to describe Nordic companion animal and equine clinical research from 2010 to 2019, including bibliometrics, human resources and funding. There were 2 042 published research publications originating from Nordic countries on cats (n = 282), dogs (n = 1 086), and horses (n = 781) from 2010 to 2019. The majority (83%) of the publications came from the four Nordic universities with veterinary programs. Seven percent of the publications were collaborations between two or more Nordic universities. Approximately 18% of the PhD theses (178 out of 970) from veterinary faculties or corresponding units concerned these species, most of them dogs (n = 86), followed by horses (n = 64), cats (n = 15) or a combination of these species (n = 13). The scientific areas cardiology, infectious diseases, reproduction, and surgery were prominent for all three species. A large proportion of grants were received from small- to medium-sized funding bodies, mainly funding running costs and only to a limited degree salaries. During 2010-2019, costs for veterinary and other services for cats and dogs steadily increased. The growth of the veterinary healthcare sector was not reflected in an increasing number of clinical research publications, for which no increase was seen after 2014. Despite a high societal value of the species, veterinary clinical research on sports and companion animals has not increased, in contrast to the veterinary healthcare sector. Activities stimulating the research area, e.g. funding bodies enabling coverage of salaries, are needed. The development of Nordic veterinary clinical care may benefit from strengthened research cooperation between countries.

International cooperation between Russia and Africa in countering transnational crimes at the present stage

Currently, the issue of international cooperation in countering transnational crimes is quite relevant for all countries of the world, including the Russian Federation and the countries of the African continent. In addition, the relevance of the chosen area of international cooperation for scientific research is given by the strengthening of Russian-African relations over the past few years in the context of a changing geopolitical structure of the world, one of the areas of which is the issue of effective counteraction to the most widespread transnational crimes. The subject of the study is the international counteraction to transnational crimes within the framework of cooperation between Russia and the countries of the African continent. The purpose of the research is to study international cooperation between Russia and African countries in the field of countering transnational crimes at the present stage. The methods used in the research were general (dialectical method, systematic and integrated approaches) and special formal legal methods. In the course of the research, the following results were obtained: the signs of transnational crimes identified in international law were studied, as well as their additional characteristics were indicated, the approaches of foreign and domestic experts to the definition of "transnational crimes" were analyzed, the content of international cooperation in the field of countering crimes was studied, the basis for international cooperation in the field of countering transnational crimes was outlined, and the author's definition of the concept of "transnational crimes". The results obtained have a scientific novelty due to the fact that they clarify the content of the concept of transnational crimes and can be applied in the practical activities of various public authorities, primarily in improving mechanisms for countering transnational crimes at the level of international cooperation, as well as in the framework of scientific and representative events on the subject of research.

Visualization analysis of high voltage pulsed electric field based on Web of Science database

To deeply understand the development status and research hotspots of high voltage pulsed electric field (HVPEF) technology, this paper takes the Web of Science (WOS) core collection Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) database as the literature source, and sets `high voltage pulsed electric field' as the keyword search. The collected 3041 articles (January 1, 1990–December 31, 2022) were used as the research object. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visually analyze the number of publications, citations, authors, institutions, journals, countries, disciplines, and keywords, and draw a visual map to explore the development context and content evolution of the technology on a global scale. It is found that the HVPEF technology is in a stage of rapid development, and the number of published papers and citations of relevant literature is on the rise. This field has been centered on China and the United States, forming a closely cooperative academic research network. There is also a close cooperative relationship between different authors and institutions. In addition, the research on HVPEF is mainly applied to physics, plasma, etc., but food, materials, and other disciplines are also involved. The research content extends from the PEF itself to cells, microorganisms, etc., and gradually from principle-based research to the use of technology to achieve the purpose. In recent years, the research on the extraction of active compounds assisted by PEF is increasing, which is likely to become one of the future research hotspots in this field. In summary, the HVPEF is receiving more and more attention, and has a very good research and application prospect.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements in Diagnostics, Treatment, and Operational Efficiency.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) beginning to integrate in healthcare, is ushering in a transformative era, impacting diagnostics, altering personalized treatment, and significantly improving operational efficiency. The study aims to describe AI in healthcare, including important technologies like robotics, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), and to investigate how these technologies are used in patient interaction, predictive analytics, and remote monitoring. The goal of this review is to present a thorough analysis of AI's effects on healthcare while providing stakeholders with a road map for navigating this changing environment. This review analyzes the impact of AI on healthcare using data from the Web of Science (2014-2024), focusing on keywords like AI, ML, and healthcare applications. It examines the uses and effects of AI on healthcare by synthesizing recent literature and real-world case studies, such as Google Health and IBM Watson Health, highlighting AI technologies, their useful applications, and the difficulties in putting them into practice, including problems with data security and resource limitations. The review also discusses new developments in AI, and how they can affect society. The findings demonstrate how AI is enhancing the skills of medical professionals, enhancing diagnosis, and opening the door to more individualized treatment plans, as reflected in the steady rise of AI-related healthcare publications from 158 articles (3.54%) in 2014 to 731 articles (16.33%) by 2024. Core applications like remote monitoring and predictive analytics improve operational effectiveness and patient involvement. However, there are major obstacles to the mainstream implementation of AI in healthcare, including issues with data security and budget constraints. Healthcare may be transformed by AI, but its successful use requires ethical and responsible use. To meet the changing demands of the healthcare sector and guarantee the responsible application of AI technologies, the evaluation highlights the necessity of ongoing research, instruction, and multidisciplinary cooperation. In the future, integrating AI responsibly will be essential to optimizing its advantages and reducing related dangers.

‘CP 16‐1883’ a new sugarcane cultivar released for Florida organic soils

AbstractIn South Florida, sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is cultivated on muck (organic) and sandy (mineral) soils. In 2022, 119,014 ha of sugarcane was grown on muck soil, which encompassed 72.2% of the total sugarcane acreage in Florida. The Canal Point (CP) sugarcane breeding program has the mandate of developing improved sugarcane cultivars for Florida growers. ‘CP 16‐1883’ (Reg. no. CV‐219, PI 705625), a sugarcane cultivar, and complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research of the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League and was released to growers in Florida on June 6, 2023. CP 16‐1883 was selected from the cross CPX13‐0991 made at CP Sugarcane Field Station on December 9, 2013; varieties ‘CPCL 05‐1201’ and ‘CP 07‐1746’ were the female and male parents, respectively. CP 16‐1883 was selected from the early stages of selection based on its high cane yield, sucrose content, and sugar yield, and its acceptable resistance to main diseases affecting sugarcane in South Florida. Replicated trials, including CP 16‐1883, were planted on muck soils at five locations and harvested during three crops cycles at each location. The overall cane yield, commercial recoverable sucrose, sucrose content, and the economic index of CP 16‐1883 were higher than the reference cultivars. In addition, CP 16‐1883 displays good ratooning ability for cane yield and minimal Pol and sucrose decreases after freezing temperatures.

China-UK Global Health Collaboration Project on Strengthening Public Health Capacity in Sierra Leone.

Since 2016, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has continued to conduct project to assist Sierra Leone in improving its public health capacity and building a laboratory for bacteriological and parasitic diseases. Firstly, we can understand the epidemiological characteristics, etiological characteristics and drug resistance of important infectious diseases in Africa through this project, and provide services and guarantees for the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. Secondly, the project is to carry out scientific research cooperation on the monitoring and detection capacity of major infectious diseases, biosecurity, and prevention and control technologies for important infectious diseases. Thirdly, in order to implement the concept of "building a community with a shared future for mankind", it is important to improve the capacity of Sierra Leone and West Africa to prevent and control infectious diseases, maintain global health security, and participate in global health governance. This article reviews the implementation of the project, and summarizes the experience and shortcomings, in order to help readers achieve better results in future project practice.

Collaborative Linkages Among Universities, Industry, and Research: Empowering Enterprises in Free Trade Zones for High-Quality Advancement

Against the backdrop of current economic globalization and regional economic integration, the construction of pilot free trade zones and free trade ports has become an important strategic measure for China to promote high-quality economic development and enhance international competitiveness. As an important base for knowledge innovation and talent cultivation, universities can provide strong intellectual support and technical support for the high-quality development of free trade zones and free trade port enterprises through industry university research cooperation. This article delves into the significance of university industry academia research cooperation for the high-quality development of enterprises in pilot free trade zones and free trade ports, analyzes the current problems, and proposes forward-looking, targeted, and actionable countermeasures and suggestions.