Co-authors Of Publications Research Articles

Impact of the number and rank of coauthors on h-index and π-index. The part-impact method

The publication activity of 20 Price-medallists was analysed by calculating several scientometric indices from data of elite sets of their publications. The following elite sets (i.e. most cited papers within the total) were obtained: π-set (where the number of papers is equal to √P, and P is the number of total papers), h-set (in which the number of papers equals to the Hirsch index), 2π-set, 2h-set, and the set of papers (ECP) which are cited more frequently than the average. The percentage share of papers and citations was found to increase in the mentioned rank of the elite sets, except ECP-set. The number of publications and citations in the elite sets was calculated also by different part-impact methods for sharing credit among the coauthors. The applied methods take into account the number or number and rank of coauthors in the by-line of the papers. It was demostrated that any of the methods changes both π and h-index significantly related to the value calculated by attributing total credit to the evaluated individual. The changes strongly depend on the number of coauthors and rank of the studied author in the by-line of the papers. Consequently, in assessing personal contribution of scientists by scientometric indices, sharing credit of publications and citations among the coauthors of publications seems to be highly relevant. Selecting the appropriate impact sharing method depends on the purpose of the evaluation.

On physico-chemical biology in Russia from the perspective of studying the dynamics of an array of publications

The article presents an analysis of the current state of the Russian segment of publications on physical and chemical biology (PCB) in the international database Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC) for the period 2000–2019. The main task of the study is to analyze the dynamics of changes in the arrays of Russian publications in the field of physical and chemical biology, including determining the average citation rate of publications; analysis of the impact of international cooperation on publication activity; identification of leaders at the level of research institutions and individual specialists. The study is based on a bibliometric analysis of publication arrays presented in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC) database for the period 2000–2019. It is shown that after a period of decline in publication activity, starting in 2015, previously lost positions in the share of publications in the world array were restored in Russia. However, the citation of Russian publications lags significantly behind the performance of the of the main competitor countries. It is shown that Russian publications without foreign participation are cited 3–4 times less often than workswith foreign co-authorship. Throughout the entire study period, there was an increase in the number of co-authors in publications, as well as the share of publications made with the participation of five or more co-authors: by 2019, such publications accounted for almost 64%, in 2000 there were about 40% of such publications. It is shown that the main contribution to the Russian documentary stream on physical and chemical biology is made by the research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RI RAS) – 68% of publications and 67% of all citations. Research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences have a significant impact on the publication activity of universities: in the period 2012–2019. The share of joint publications of universities and research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences was 55% of the array of university documents and 62% of all citations to university publications. The article presents the ratings of Russian scientific organizations by the share of publications in the Russian array in the field of physicochemical biology, as well as scientists by the largest number of publications and the highest average citation.

Applying Gini coefficient to evaluate the author research domains associated with the ordering of author names: A bibliometric study.

Background:Team science research includes the number of coauthors in publications. Many papers have discussed the ordering of author names and the contributions of authors to a paper. However, no paper addresses the relation between authors’ research domains and personal impact factors (PIF) with the ordering of author names. We aimed to apply Gini coefficient (GC) to evaluate the author research domains associated with the PIF and the ordering of author names on academic papers.Methods:By searching the PubMed database (Pubmed.com), we used the keyword “medicine” [journal] and downloaded 10,854 articles published from 1969 to 2018. A total number of 7502 articles labeled with complete author's countries/areas were included in data analysis. We also proposed a PIF index and jointly applied social network analysis (SNA), the GC, and Google Maps to report the following data with visual representations: the trend of author collaboration in Medicine; the dominant nations and keywords in Medicine; and the author research domains in Medicine associated with the PIF and the ordering of author names on academic papers.Results:The trend of author collaboration in Medicine is slightly declining (= −0.06) based on the number of authors per article. The mean number of individuals listed as authors in articles is 7.5. Most first authors are from China (3649, 48.64%) and Taiwan (847, 11.29%). The median of GC (0.32) and PIF (0.74) for the middle authors are obviously less than those for the first (0.53, 2.19) and the last authors (0.42, 2.61). A perfect positive linear relation with a large effect exists between GC and PIF because the correlation coefficient is 0.68 (>0.50, t = 2.48, n = 9).Conclusion:Results suggest that the corresponding author is submitting the manuscript to the target journal with a core author's academic background and the personal impact factor related to the research domain and the journal scope in the future. As such, peer reviewers can quickly determine whether the manuscript is a potentially citable research paper.

¿Tiene sentido limitar la coautoría científica? No existe inflación de autores en Ciencias Sociales y Educación en España

Este trabajo analiza la evolución de la coautoría en España en Ciencias Sociales para el periodo 2000-2013. El objetivo es explorar hasta qué punto están justificadas las limitaciones en número de autores que establecen las distintas agencias de evaluación españolas. El análisis de 11681 trabajos españoles de investigación en 20 categorías temáticas de las ciencias sociales revela que no hay inflación en el número de autores, que el tamaño de los equipos es homologable al de los trabajos internacionales en las mismas áreas y que el número de firmantes depende de la colaboración institucional y del nivel de internacionalización de los equipos. A excepción de los trabajos en Antropología y en Educación especial, el número de autores no es superior a cuatro. Sin embargo, son los trabajos con mayor número de autores los que obtienen un impacto mayor. El estudio evolutivo muestra una tendencia muy importante al alza en el tamaño de los equipos. En conjunto, estos resultados sugieren que carece de utilidad la limitación administrativa del número de firmantes que, con independencia de su eficacia en combatir la autoría honoraria, puede ir en perjuicio de la colaboración, la internacionalización y el posterior impacto de los trabajos.

A general overview and bibliometric analysis of seven ACM hypertext and web conferences

Bibliometric analysis of published scientific papers is a widely used practice to conduct quantitative evaluations and assessments of conferences. In this study, we performed an in-depth bibliometric, scientometric and exploratory analysis of ACM SIGWEB sponsored conferences by visually analysing the DBLP database. We conducted a series of experiments and empirical analysis to answer several questions. Our results showed that the articles published in SIGWEB conferences stem from a variety of countries while the degree of cross-country collaboration is relatively low and that most co-authors of publications are by researchers who all reside in the same country. Collectively, SIGWEB conferences have a higher hosting rate and local community participation in places where the USA and Europe make the greatest conference contributions. Our results showed that the participation of female authors in SIGWEB conferences is increasing while in contrast, there is a huge gender imbalance in leadership and official conference positions.

2015 Victor A. McKusick Leadership Award

2015 Victor A. McKusick Leadership Award

Coherent measures of the impact of co-authors in peer review journals and in proceedings publications

This paper focuses on the coauthor effect in different types of publications, usually not equally respected in measuring research impact. A priori unexpected relationships are found between the total coauthor core value, ma, of a leading investigator (LI), and the related values for their publications in either peer review journals (j) or in proceedings (p). A surprisingly linear relationship is found: ma(j)+0.4ma(p)=ma(jp). Furthermore, another relationship is found concerning the measure of the total number of citations, Aa, i.e. the surface of the citation size-rank histogram up to ma. Another linear relationship exists : Aa(j)+1.36Aa(p)=Aa(jp). These empirical findings coefficients (0.4 and 1.36) are supported by considerations based on an empirical power law found between the number of joint publications of an author and the rank of a coauthor. Moreover, a simple power law relationship is found between ma and the number (rM) of coauthors of an LI: ma≃rMμ; the power law exponent μ depends on the type (j or p) of publications. These simple relations, at this time limited to publications in physics, imply that coauthors are a “more positive measure” of a principal investigator role, in both types of scientific outputs, than the Hirsch index could indicate. Therefore, to scorn upon co-authors in publications, in particular in proceedings, is incorrect. On the contrary, the findings suggest an immediate test of coherence of scientific authorship in scientific policy processes.

Self‐Efficacy Ratings of URM Students who Return to a STEM Summer Research Program

The Opportunities in Genomics Research (OGR): Undergraduate Scholars program is a comprehensive, research‐intensive summer program focuses on increasing the number of underrepresented minorities in genomics and related areas. To assess the unique features of OGR, students were given pre‐ and post‐ evaluations at the start and end of the 8‐week program (n=44). Focus groups were conducted to address specific program components. Students were also tracked yearly using an online tracking system, iBiosketch. The groups of students were defined as return students (more than one summer with OGR), first‐time students (first research experience was OGR) or non‐return (only one summer with OGR). Our data shows that students who were return or first‐time students served as co‐authors of publications at 11.4 % compared to 4.5% non‐return students. Using a Likert scale, confidence ratings in areas such as: interpreting data, communicating scientific findings orally, reading and interpreting literature, trended toward an increase in confidence for return students compared to others. While these studies are ongoing, our data indicate that there may be tangible benefits for URM students to return to a summer program that helps retain them in the STEM pipeline.

Fatness, menarche, and female fertility.

FATNESS, MENARCHE, AND FEMALE FERTILITY ROSE E. FRISCH* A high proportion of well-trained athletes [1-3], ballet dancers [4, 5], and women who diet excessively [6—8] have secondary or primary amenorrhea. Menarche may be delayed until as late as age 19 or 20 years [2-4]. The amenorrhea is usually reversible with weight gain, decreased exercise, or both [2, 4, 9]. Secondary amenorrhea occurs in dieting women when weight loss is in the range of 10 percent to 15 percent of normal weight for height [6, 7], which is equivalent to a loss of about one-third of body fat [6]. Primary amenorrhea (absence of menarche at age 16 or older) also occurs in association with excessive thinness [2, 4, 6]. These data suggest that a minimum level of body fat—that is, stored, easily mobilized energy—is necessary for the onset and maintenance of regular ovulatory menstrual cycles. Data on obese women show that excessive fatness also is associated with amenorrhea [10, 1 1], as Marshall and Peel [12] described for cattle almost a century ago. Both too much fat and too little fat are therefore associated with the disruption of the reproductive ability of women. I have proposed that these associations are causal and that the high percentage of body fat (about 26 percent to 28 percent) in the mature human female may influence reproduction directly [13—17]. It is hypothesized that both the absolute and relative amounts of fat are important, since the lean mass and the fat must be in a particular absolute as well as relative range, that is, the female must be big enough to reproduce successfully [13, 17]. The research on athletes reported here was sponsored by the Advanced Medical Research Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts. A John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellowship (1975-1976) permitted the author full-time concentration on adipose tissue. The author rethanks the helpful colleagues listed in individual publications, thanks the coauthors of publications, and thanks Rosemary Kelly for typing the manuscript. ?Harvard Center for Population Studies, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.© 1985 by The University of Chicago. AU rights reserved. 0031-5982/85/2804-0455 $01.00 Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 28, 4 · Summer 1985 \ 61 1 IOO%r Percent Body Water \ 3 6 9 3 6 9 5 IO 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 BirthA6EYEARS Fig. 1.—Changes in body water as percentage of body weight throughout the life span and corresponding changes in the percentage of body fat. (Adapted from Friis-Hansen [25]. Reprinted with permission). Why Fat? Reproduction requires energy; a pregnancy requires about 50,000 calories over and above normal metabolic requirements [18, 19]. Lactation requires about 1,000 calories a day [19], In premodern times lactation was an essential part of reproduction. During growth, and while the reproductive system is slowly maturing, the body changes in composition, as well as in size and proportions. Direct measurements of body water of girls from birth to completion of growth show a continuous decline in the proportion ofbody water. This decrease is particularly rapid during the adolescent growth spurt in height and weight that precedes menarche [15]. The proportion ofbody water declines rapidly in these years because girls have a large relative increase in body fat [20] (fig. 1). Fat contains only about 10 percent water, compared with about 80 percent water in muscle and viscera and about 36 percent water in bone. At the completion of growth, between ages 16 and 18, the body of a well-nourished woman contains about 26 percent to 28 percent fat and about 52 percent water, whereas the body of a man at completion of growth contains about 14 percent fat and 61 percent water [20—25]. As shown in table 1, a young girl and boy of the same height and weight differ markedly in their percentages of body water and fat. The main function of the 16 kg of stored female fat, which is equivalent to 144,000 calories, may be to provide energy for a pregnancy and for about 3 months' lactation [5]. In prehistoric times 612 I Rose E. Frisch ¦ Fatness and Female Fertility TABLE 1 Ratio of Total...