Clutch Control System Research Articles

Pressure sensor fault-tolerant control for the filling phase of wet clutches

The filling pressure control is one of the key technologies of wet clutches. Pressure sensor is a key component to realize the closed-loop control of the filling pressure. However, with the working hours increasing, the pressure sensor is prone to be faulty. To ensure the filling performance of wet clutches, this article investigates a pressure sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy for the filling phase of wet clutches. First, the dynamic model of a hydraulic clutch control system is established where the clutch pressure sensor fault is considered. Second, the optimal filling pressure reference trajectory is constructed by Pontryagin’s minimum principle. In the fault-free case, a feedback controller is designed to track the desire pressure trajectory with an observer estimating the unmeasurable state of the system. Third, an adaptive observer is constructed to estimate the pressure sensor fault. Based on the estimated sensor fault information, a pressure sensor fault-tolerant control strategy is proposed for the filling phase of wet clutches. Simulation results show that the proposed fault-tolerant controller can realize smooth and precise clutch-filling control with pressure sensor fault.

Fault diagnosis of wet clutch control system of tractor hydrostatic power split continuously variable transmission

A hydrostatic power split continuously variable transmission (CVT) for a tractor often has multiple ranges to improve transmission efficiency. However, a failure of the wet-clutch control system will lead to interruption of tractor power and even endanger driving safety. To improve the reliability of CVT tractors, methods for diagnosing faults in the wet-clutch control system were studied. A test bench was built and the clutch engagement pressure was measured under different fault modes. For these time series data, statistics such as the mean, variance, kurtosis etc. were selected as features in the analysis. An improved Gaussian naive Bayes algorithm based on a time window as well as principal component analysis were used to classify the different fault modes of the clutch control system. Finally, the performance of the algorithm was analyzed. A test with multiple faults was run, as was a comparison with traditional algorithms. By optimizing the time window for data interception, the classification accuracy of the Gaussian naive Bayes algorithm for normal operation reached 97% and reached 100% for the fault modes. The average accuracy and recall rate of fault diagnosis were 98.2% and 89.4%, respectively, which are better than the results for a support vector machine, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm, or the decision tree algorithm. Importantly, the results show that the clutch pressure fluctuations during the shift by a tractor CVT can be used for the fault diagnosis of a clutch control system.

Analysis of electronic clutch control unit for manual transmission vehicle oriented toward safety

The understanding and apprehension of security is a matter of global debate. However, it generally refers to personal safety and security, but the device breach represents it for the current scenario. To avoid types of accidents, a safety–critical electromechanical clutch control unit is created and tested in a lab setting. With the use of a speed sensor, seatbelt information, and traffic signals, the suggested system compels the user to adhere to safety regulations. The dynamic behavior of the system is developed and analyzed using Matlab/Simulink. Experimental results show that electronic clutch control output of response time horizon of 0.25 to 0.75 s at speeds of 30 km/h to 90 km/h. The training and test sets describe that 94 % of the clutch control system sampled results are valid. With 12 different test observations, the DTC algorithm's experimental outcome shows that 6 % is invalid. The clutch control engagement and disengagement decision is effective using the DTC algorithm.

THE CONCEPT OF THE CLUTCH CONTROL LAW OF A CAR

Problem. The combination of comfortable automatic control of the car's transmission and at the same time preservation of high indicators of energy efficiency and cost of a design is possible by use of automatic mechanical transmission. The automatic clutch control system plays a significant role in providing comfort in such transmissions. The laws of controlling it are not perfect today. Goal. The aim of the work is to create a clear concept of the law of clutch control, which is easy to implement in a microcontroller and is well adapted to adapt to different driving conditions. Methodology. Graphically, the concept of the perspective law of clutch control is formed by two Bezier curves. One of the curves acts as a guide, and the other forms the surface of the law. Results. On the basis of the Bézier curves of the third degree the concept of the law is formed and the connection of the reference points of the Bézier curves with the physical parameters of the working process of vehicle movement is substantiated. Originality. The formation of the Bézier curve, which is decisive for the concept of the law, is formed on the basis of a typical working process of synchronization of the angular velocity of the clutch discs during the movement of the vehicle. In contrast to the laws of clutch control considered in the scientific literature, the proposed concept provides for clutch control outside the site of the synchronization process and ensures the avoidance of jerks during further acceleration. Practical value. The proposed algorithm provides full engagement of the clutch only after full synchronization of the clutch discs. The formation of a special form of the law in the form of a curve tangent to the abscissa axis reduces the jerks when closing the clutch discs.

Optimization control actions on electropneumatic valve of actuator of clutch control

Electropneumatic valves are a key element of the electropneumatic clutch control system for vehicles of categories N3 and M3. The speed and accuracy of the clutch control system depend on their parameters. When the operating conditions of the solenoid valve change, its initial parameters also change, even before the loss of serviceability. Goal. The goal of the work is to form dependencies that determine the parameters of the control signal for the clutch control system of vehicles of categories M3 and N3 in the conditions of change of supply voltage, pressure drop on the valve and ambient temperature. Methodology. To achieve this goal, an advanced mathematical model and onedimensional optimization method were used to determine the optimal control effect on the electropneumatic valve of the clutch control system. Results. The block diagram of the control pulse in different modes of operation of the electropneumatic clutch control system is given. Based on the calculated data, the characteristic areas of operation of the electropneumatic valve are determined and the purpose for the optimization process is determined. Based on the defined range of data change and the accuracy of finding the optimal value, a rational optimization method is determined. By modeling the operation of the solenoid valve with parameters according to the chosen optimization method, the response surfaces were constructed relative to the control pulse depending on such parameters as supply voltage of the vehicle onboard network, ambient temperature and pressure drop on the solenoid valve. Originality. The error in the reproduction of the theoretical response surfaces based on the parameters of the clutch and the electronic control unit is also determined. Theoretical aspects for providing the required inductance of the solenoid valve coil are shown. Practical value. A method for determining the pressure drop on an electropneumatic valve is proposed. The method takes into account the change in pressure during operation of the clutch control system due to wear of the friction plate. The error in ensuring the duration of the control pulse due to the presence of hysteresis in the operation of the clutch and the executive control device is estimated.

Automatic Electromechanical Single Plate Clutch with Overload Protection Roller Clutch for Machine Safety

This paper summarizes the development of the automatic Electro-Mechanical single plate clutch with the overload protection roller clutch. The major challenges in a Single Plate Clutch automation are the clutch control, which is presently manual. It increases the manual effort and complication during its operation. Due to the complex structure and high cost, the clutch control system used in an advanced vehicle cannot use in economical Vehicles. This situation forces us to develop a Special electromechanical clutch that controls automatically. The rarely occurring overload on machines, create some malfunctioning in the System, which may damage its members. By using an overload protection clutch, such overload can neutralize. We develop an Automatic Engage-disengage Overload Protection Roller Clutch. The facility provided to change its torque carrying capacity make this roller clutch special. Thus the combination of the automated single-plate clutch and the overload protection clutch is a desirable one and also essential. After the market survey, it observed that there is no such combined system is available. If we install these two devices separately, it will require more space and cost, which is infeasible.

Multistructure Radial Basis Function Neural-Networks-Based Extended Model Predictive Control: Application to Clutch Control

In this article, the multistructure radial basis function neural networks (MSRBFNNs)-based extended model predictive control is further researched and discussed based on the work published in the previous conference. Taking the clutch control problem as an example, we first introduce the structure and training algorithms of the MSRBFNN in detail, and then, give a thorough derivation of the multidimensional recursive least-mean-square algorithm employed in the training process. Then, the controller design and stability analysis of the closed loop system are discussed in detail. Finally, the clutch control system model is refined, together with the simulation results and the experimental results on the test bench as verification. The results show that the proposed method is indeed effective in clutch control. As a general scheme is also proposed, it can be easily applied to other similar intelligent mechatronic systems, especially those with repeated tasks.

FEATURES OF CONTROLLING ELECTROPNEUMATIC VALVES OF ACTUATOR TO CONTROL ITS CLUTCH WITH ACCELERATION VALVE

The article deals with one of the ways to control an actuator of the automated clutch control system. The aim is to design control of the electropneumatic actuator, to control its coupling with the acceleration valve on the basis of experimental research as well as to provide rational parameters of the automated clutch control system for the robotic transmission. The feature of the system is an acceleration valve in the design of the electropneumatic actuator to control the clutch. New links demand to adjust the way to control the actuator. The connection of Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) with single power supply pulses to control electropneumatic valves is substantiated. The quantitative characteristics of single control pulses and PWM ones are determined. The error of operation accuracy for various ways of the control of the electropneumatic actuator to control the clutch of the robotic transmission is determined. Obtained separate PWM area is designed to suppress the initial hysteresis when the rod of the clutch actuator is moved. An algorithm for the operation of a clutch control system is proposed, taking into account the use of two modes of operation of solenoid valves. A graphical interpretation of the clutch control algorithm is presented, which gives an idea of the location of the constant signal feeding zones to the solenoid valve, as well as the operation areas of the solenoid valve in PWM mode. The control algorithm of the clutch booster provides a mode of guaranteed absence of excess pressure in the pneumatic cylinder after releasing the clutch pedal, provided that two normally closed solenoid valves are used. This configuration of the electro-pneumatic clutch control system allows the use of an emergency clutch release system in case of voltage absence. The reference algorithm for filtering the array of data coming from the feedback sensor, as well as the numerical values of the delay caused by the presence of a filter, are given.

Research and Implementation of Tractor Power Shift Clutch Control System

Applying power shift control technology on tractor can improve the power, economy and driving comfort of tractor. The separation and engagement control of clutch in tractor power shift transmission system is the key factor to optimize the quality of shift. Through many experiments and tests, an electronic control unit based on MC9S12 was developed, and an effective clutch control strategy was put forward, which improved the jerk of power shift and shortened the gear shift time.

Extended Model Predictive Control Based on Multi-Structure RBF Networks: Design and Application to Clutch Control

For many control systems in engineering practice, the nonlinear, slow time varying and multistage dynamics make it difficult to realize precise control. Therefore, the extended model predictive control (EMPC) based on multi-structure radial basis function neural networks (MSRBFNN) is proposed in this paper. To begin with, the standard model predictive model (MPC) is established from system analysis or identification to formulate the problem with known disturbances. Secondly, the original MPC is extended with radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN) to deal with the nonlinearity and slow time varying dynamics of the system. Further, considering that a single RBFNN is too complicated to cope with the multistage dynamics of the system for real time application, the MSRBFNN, composed of a series of simpler RBFNNs, is designed to replace the original RBFNN. The running system can then switch between different RBFNNs at different working conditions. Finally, a successive iteration method is introduced to derive the controller with nonlinear compensations and the stability issue is also discussed. Application to the dry clutch control system shows that the proposed method has a much better performance than the standard MPC. Moreover, it can also be extended to other similar nonlinear control systems.

SIMULATION OF THE AUTOMATIC CLUTCH CONTROL SYSTEM

The analysis of the provisions of the working processes simulation modeling in the vehicle transmission is performed. The mathematical models of transmission of momentum that arises in the engine with the dependencies characterizing the process of motion of the vehicle are matched. The mathematical model of the acceleration process of a vehicle, equipped with an automatic coupling control system, is implemented. The results of modeling the operation of an automatic clutch control system during acceleration of a vehicle are obtained depending on the acceleration intensity

Powertrain dynamics and control of a two speed dual clutch transmission for electric vehicles

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the application of torque based powertrain control for multi-speed power shifting capable electric vehicles. To do so simulation and experimental studies of the shift transient behaviour of dual clutch transmission equipped electric vehicle powertrains is undertaken. To that end a series of power-on and power-off shift control strategies are then developed for both up and down gear shifts, taking note of the friction load requirements to maintain positive driving load for power-on shifting. A mathematical model of an electric vehicle powertrain is developed including a DC equivalent circuit model for the electric machine and multi-body dynamic model of the powertrain system is then developed and integrated with a hydraulic clutch control system model. Integral control of the powertrain is then performed through simulations on the develop powertrain system model for each of the four shift cases. These simulation results are then replicated on a full scale powertrain test rig. To evaluate the performance of results shift duration and vehicle jerk are used as metrics to demonstrate that the presented strategies are effective for shift control in electric vehicles. Qualitative comparison of both theoretical and experimental results demonstrates reasonable agreement between simulated and experimental outcomes.

Research on Fuzzy Control of Hydro-Viscous Speed Control System

The paper analyzes the working principle of hydro-viscous speed control system, establishes the mathematical model of electro-hydraulic proportional valve and the hydro-viscous clutch. In order to solve the problem of nonlinear and improve the real-time of the hydro-viscous clutch control system, the paper applies the method of fuzzy-PID control, realizes the design and simulation of the speed-system controller in the Simulink platform of MATLAB and performs an experiment by controlling the cooling fan of tracked vehicle.

Shift control of Dual Clutch Transmission using Triple-Step nonlinear method

The shift control, especially clutch slip control in inertia phase, is considered as a key issue of dual clutch transmission for improving driving comfort. For the shift is a complex nonlinear dynamic process combining engine states and road information, and these are often variable, so the clutch control system can be described as a nonlinear parameter-varying model. Moreover, a novel nonlinear approach is proposed for clutch control of shift process, the control objective is to obtain smooth gearshift in the limited shift time by making clutch slipping speed difference tracking the planned reference. The proposed method can be formalized as a triple-step procedure and this procedure provides a concise design process so that the derivation of the control law is simplified and straightforward. Finally, the simulation results in the environment of AMESim with a complete vehicle model show the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Online Estimation of 3D-Torque Characteristics of Dual Clutches using Control oriented Models

Start-up and gearshift processes with dual-clutch transmissions are often controlled using models of the both sub-clutches behavior in terms of steady-state torque transmission. As clutches of this type alter their transmission behavior when driving, these changes must be sensed and the models used in the clutch control system adapted accordingly. This article looks at ways of modeling transmission behavior in dual clutches in a closed-form expression while taking account of the specifics associated with clutch systems of this type. It also presents a process – as well as testing it in experiments – for identifying transmission behavior model parameters online.

A Dry Clutch Control Algorithm for AMT Systems in a Parallel Hybrid Electric Bus

A clutch is a mechanical device which provides engine torque to the drive shaft of a vehicle. A dry clutch control for AMT (Automated Manual Transmission) systems has been an important issue to improve fuel economy and drivability in hybrid electric systems. In this paper, we propose a dry clutch control system to apply to the parallel hybrid electric bus. In order to analysis dynamic performance of the target vehicle, a vehicle dynamic model including engine, clutch, motor, transmission and vehicle is designed. For gear shifting simulation, the shifting maps for the hybrid electric bus are applied from the analysis results of DP (Dynamic Programming) theory that is one of the optimal control methods. The shifting maps consist of a pure electric mode and a hybrid electric mode calculated by using driving cycles for commercial vehicles. From vehicle dynamic equations, the control algorithm for a dry clutch is organized by using feedback loops based on the value of an engine, a clutch speed, a clutch release travel and an estimated clutch torque. Simulations are performed to analyze the dynamic performance of the proposed clutch control system during gear shifting. As a result, the vehicle model with the designed clutch controller compares to one with only the lockup controller in energy dissipation during gear shifting.

Researching on Clutch Rotational Speed Signal Processing of AMT Vehicle

Aimed at clutch magnetoelectric tachometric transducer, rotational speed signal processing had achieved good results in hardware circuit and software algorithm two aspects. Firstly in hardware aspect RC Low-Pass Filter’s parameters are optimized by frequency-domain analysis of actual rotational speed signal according to vehicle travel features. As a result, useful information is reserved and high-frequency noise is shielded effectively. Secondly in software aspect, through analyzing the clutch control system’s characteristics and speed data’s structure, explicit Euler formula is adopted to predict the data’s structure. Maximum likelihood estimate of Mathematical Statistic Analysis is used to raise the data’s utilization and enhance the data’s robustness in order to provide the effective and stable parameters for clutch control.

Development of a Clutch Control System for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle with One Motor and Two Clutches

AbstractThis paper describes a newly developed hybrid electric vehicle system incorporating one motor and two clutches. The mechanical system is connected in a sequence of the engine, the first clutch, the motor, the second clutch and the mechanical gears. The system can transmit driving torque with high efficiency because the friction and pumping loss of the engine are removed by releasing the first clutch. It is difficult for the system to reach the same level of driving performance as a conventional vehicle with an automatic transmission. The nonlinear characteristics of the first clutch are described along with its stroke control system. Bench test results are presented to show that the nonlinear characteristics are removed to achieve the desired stroke performance. Test results confirm that smooth and fast vehicle acceleration is achieved by controlling the torque capacity of the first clutch using the stroke control system.

Control and performance evaluation of a clutch servo system with hydraulic actuation

A hydraulic actuated clutch control system for commercial cars is analyzed. The design of closed-loop controller is presented, based on a simplified system model. A physical full-order model is also described and used to assess through computer simulations the dependence of the closed-loop system performances on some plant and controller key parameters. Selected performance indexes are gear shift timing and position tracking error and it results that they are mostly affected by two key parameters: oil pipeline length and controller sampling time. The resulting dependencies can be used to set performances and cost specifications for both plant configuration and electronic control unit. Experimental tests performed with different plant and controller configurations are reported. They closely match the simulation results, showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Performance Evaluation of a Hydraulic Clutch Control System

A hydraulic actuated clutch control system for commercial cars is analyzed. A physical model of the system is firstly derived: this model is then used both to define a closed loop controller, through derivation of a simplified model, and to asses the dependencies of the closed loop system performances on some plant and controller key parameters. Trade-off curves are derived that link the required performances, namely response speed and tracking error, to this key parameters. It is shown how this curves can be used to fix the specifications for both plant configuration and electronic control unit in an optimized way, in order to achieve guaranteed performances at minimum system cost.