Club Managers Research Articles

Reverse Integration in Wheelchair Basketball-A Mixed-Method Spanish Stakeholders' Perspective.

In Spain, wheelchair basketball competition is well developed and structured; however, reverse integration is not allowed. This study aimed to describe and synthesize the perceptions of Spanish wheelchair stakeholders (players, coaches, referees, and club managers). A mixed-method approach was used, utilizing an ad hoc survey questionnaire (n = 49) and three focus groups (n = 12). Quantitative and qualitative data were interpreted using a triangulation strategy, meaning that both sources of data were combined and analyzed. From the thematic content analysis, two main themes and several subthemes emerged: social context (audience attraction and economic impact, utility and logistics, and promoting inclusion) and sport context (grassroots and elite level). Some reservations at elite level were also reported. From the perspective of the stakeholders explored in this study, reverse integration appears to be well suited for implementation within the Spanish wheelchair basketball framework at all levels.

Examination of Player Positions by Cluster Analysis

Today, the football industry stands out among the sports branches. Especially with the development of technology and its integration into football, different tactical understandings and formations emerge. With these developments, the current positions of the players and the other positions they are prone to play can be revealed as a result of the analysis. In this way, club management and technical team aim to establish the best team according to the current budget and tactical game understanding. Therefore, it is very important for the teams to play the players in the right position or to transfer the right player to the required position. In football competitions where 11 players are involved in the game, tactical changes can be made within the game according to the tactical arrangement and tactical understanding of the opposing team, and the player can be played in different positions. In this study, the player data of Turkey and the leagues of Germany, England, France, Spain, Italy, which are considered to be the five big leagues, for the years 2020-2021 were obtained from the website named “whoscored”. In the data set obtained, the players who stayed on the field for a minimum of 1500 minutes were taken as a basis and clustering analysis was performed with the data of 985 players. Players are clustered on four basic positions: goalkeeper, defender, midfielder and attacker. In the study, Expectation Maximization, one of the clustering analysis algorithms, was used and a success rate of 81 percent was achieved.

Health promoting sports clubs: from theoretical model to logic model.

A recent literature review indicated that the settings-based approach, as it is applied to sports clubs, is poorly understood and not well implemented. The current study builds on the health promoting sports clubs (HPSC) theoretical model as a basis for a settings-based approach in the sports setting and proposes a logic model to develop and evaluate HPSC in practice. The logic model was established through qualitative, iterative methods in the form of six meetings with eight experts in the field. Qualitative thematic coding was conducted on notes taken and contributions during and between meetings. The results describe a best-practice logic model of HPSC, including inputs, activities, outcomes and impacts at each HPSC level, while case studies illustrate the interactions between levels. Results indicate that a HPSC can have an impact at each level, from individual health to social and community capital. For a sports club, the logic model helps to define how the club's board or management committee can set the conditions for club managers and coaches to support members' health. External stakeholders to clubs are also recognized for their key responsibility in providing different types of resources to support sports clubs to be health promoting. Future research should focus on monitoring and evaluating at each level, including empirical testing system interactions as a whole and interactions across levels.

Efficiency of Non-profit Organisations: a DEA Analysis in Support of Strategic Decision-Making

This study aims to analyse the efficiency of sports clubs belonging to the Academic Federation of University Sports and the influence the organisational structure holds over their performance standards. First, we included 92 clubs that registered points in the University Club. The analysis was carried out using the two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to analyse their efficiency. Second, we analysed how strategy, stakeholder relations and funding issues influence organisational efficiency, through a semi-structured interview with the dually efficient club manager. The results show the relevance of analysing the efficiency of these non-profit and public sport organisations.

축구클럽 운영을 통한 지역 실천공동체 형성 과정 사례 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore the process and sustainability of community formation that local children's centers are conducting in a region focusing on soccer club activities.
 Methods As a qualitative case study, interviews and various records were used as main data for three and a half years of management experience centered on soccer club manager. As reference data, observation of operation in the 4th year and interviews with participating children were conducted. The analysis focused on the process of community formation and sustainable driving force, and the interpretation explored the concept and mutual relationship of the ‘communities of practice.’
 Results It was found that the active initiatives of management practitioners played a major role in the formation of a practice-oriented community, and the process of drawing them was essential. Understanding local resources and using them for activities also played an important role.
 Conclusions The process of forming a soccer club as a community had the characteristics of ‘communities of practice based on practice and learning. In particular, while building trust with each other, activities meaning joint were formed, and through this, joint assets were formed.

Proposed Solutions Regarding Work Overload for the Marketing Division of PT. Persib Bandung Bermartabat

Football is a sport that is very popular in every level of Indonesian society. Indonesia is known as a country with a very large number of soccer fans. Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world with 265 million people, and according to Nielsen Sport, 77% of Indonesia’s population has an interest in football. This fact makes Indonesia the country with the third largest number of football fans. The Indonesian soccer market is huge, and soccer is a big business opportunity in Indonesia. PT Persib Bandung Bermatabat oversees the Persib Bandung football club which is one of the Indonesian teams. PT. Persib Bandung Bermartabat located at Graha Persib Floor 3 Jalan Sulanjana No 17 Bandung. In managing a company, of course, requires human resources who have high ability to help achieve company goals. In addition, to be able to form a good performing club, of course, you must have a healthy management ecosystem as well. This study uses a mixed method qualitative and quantitative research model. In quantitative research, the authors distribute questionnaires in the form of g-forms to marketing department employees using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA – TLX) method to measure the workload experienced by employees. In the qualitative method the author conducted interviews with observations of the organizational structure and job descriptions of employees in the marketing department of PT. Persib Bandung Bermartabat using Semi- Structural Interviews. In finding the root of the problem the author uses CRT (Current Reality Tree). The results of this study are the organizational structure and job descriptions that are made based on benchmark results with 3 football club management. The author proposes a new organizational structure and job descriptions which in the end can be adapted to the needs of the marketing division of PT. Persib Bandung Bermartabat to be able to help realize strategic initiatives and solve problems experienced.

Community-based psychosocial rehabilitation model for people with schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that triggers the occurrence of impaired function in the human brain, behavior, cognitive, and emotional functions. This disorder has become a problem in the study of mental health, which must be treated comprehensively by using empirical treatment combined with rehabilitation. Hopefully, increasing the maximum level of healing and reducing recurrence rates can improve social function and quality of life. Thus, this review aims to narrate the model and effective community-based psychosocial rehabilitation center. The articles of the studies published from 2017-2021 were collected and analyzed in this literature review. The keywords used were community-based rehabilitation for schizophrenia. The results show that in addition to pharmacological therapy, six community-based psychosocial non-pharmacological therapy methods are considered effective for intervention in patients with schizophrenia. The methods are club methods in elderly schizophrenic patients, community-based methods, direct patient decision-making methods, case and club management methods, psychoeducational and social skills methods, and community care unit methods. All of the above methods analyzed showed significant effectiveness in community-based psychosocial rehabilitation treatment in developing countries.

The effect of short-term performance fluctuations on long-term performance: evidence from the English Premier League

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of short-term performance fluctuations on long-term performance of football clubs.Design/methodology/approachThis study did not develop any hypothesis for statistical testing. Instead, a database composing of 24 seasons of English Premier Club clubs’ performance was used to analyse for temporal fluctuations of club performance and examined whether such fluctuations would be substantiated in the long run.FindingsFindings showed that club performance exhibited a non-unit root nature, which in turn suggested that clubs’ long-term performance was only temporally affected by short-term performance fluctuations, leading to the evidence that club performance tended to return to the club’s long-run equilibrium after experiencing temporary high or low positions.Originality/valueFindings of this paper provide important information regarding the cost-benefit implications of the reactions of the club management to boost or rectify short-term performance fluctuations by, for example, replacing the club manager or head coach.

Modelling the structure of the sports management research field using the bertopic approach

Sports management is a field of study that has grown significantly. However, little is known about its structure. Therefore, this article presents an unsupervised cluster learning approach based on a thematic analysis of abstracts. It applies to a large corpus of sports management documents to gain insight into the structure of the discipline. A total of 3,704 records were downloaded from the Scopus database. Data were processed using the BERTopic approach. The results indicate that sports management is a growing and highly collaborative field of study. The themes (or topics) were diversified (25 clusters). Due to their proximity, seven meta topics were also identified. While the interest in major sports events and the social impact of sports tourism has lessened in recent years, other fields of study, such as entrepreneurship, innovation and sports club management, have captured the interest of researchers. Keywords: Sports management, bibliometric analysis, topic modelling, BERTopic, UMAP, hDBSCAN.

АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СПОРТИВНИХ КЛУБІВ ЯК СКЛАДОВОЇ ЧАСТИНИ МОЛОДІЖНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ

The rapid growth of achievements in world sports encourages a constant search for new, more effective ways, methods and organizational forms of training a sports reserve. On the one hand, the activity of sports clubs is one of the most important reserves for increasing the effectiveness of sports training, and on the other hand, it is a tool for implementing youth policy in the country based on modern scientific data and world practice. Fundamental changes in the political, social and especially economic systems of society, characteristic of Ukraine, have led to significant changes in the activities of physical culture and sports organizations, in particular sports clubs. Materials and methods: in the course of the study, the analysis of scientific literature and documentary sources, system analysis, methods of mathematical statistics were used. Discussion. The authors considered the content of youth policy in Ukraine. The place of sports clubs in the implementation of the main tasks of developing a healthy lifestyle culture to improve the health status of Ukrainian youth and the general demographic situation in society is presented. The priority of the Strategy for the Development of Physical Culture and Sports by 2028 is the formation of an intersectoral approach in carrying out preventive measures to eliminate the negative impact of social determinants of health, create conditions for maintaining and strengthening the health of the population, and forming a responsible attitude of every young person to personal health. Sports clubs have been identified as the most effective organizational form of work with young people to promote a healthy lifestyle in the context of creating a favorable social and natural environment, developing personal skills and habits of a healthy lifestyle. An important task is to develop and implement such a model of the strategic development of sports clubs, which would increase the efficiency of their functioning in a market environment, take into account the level of growing needs of young people in high-quality physical culture and sports services and increase their competitiveness. Results. Since the system for providing strategic development for sports clubs is a new type of structure, the process of its creation will largely be accompanied by the correction of existing programs and plans for their current activities. Ensuring the strategic development of a sports club is based on solving a multifactorial managerial problem: how, with the available resources, to ensure maximum economic progress and improve the most significant indicators of the quality of life of young people. The tools for managing the development of sports clubs are tools of the control type. The strategic management of sports clubs is divided into static and dynamic, the latter being typical for these organizations. The model of strategic management of sports clubs should cover the stages of financial, economic, organizational and strategic analysis, study of the external environment of activity, strategic design, strategy building, strategy implementation, monitoring and control.

The profile of the sports manager between training misunderstandings and impact on internal stakeholders

Purpose: This study aims to understand internal stakeholders’ perceptions of the new legislative provisions introduced in Italy regarding the professional figure of the sports manager, and to evaluate their understanding and the concrete application of these provisions. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 60 presidents and managers of sports associations and clubs in the province of Salerno. The questions seek to probe stakeholders’ perceptions on the liking, appropriateness, and usefulness of sports manager. The validity and reliability of the questions were calculated. A chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception. Results: From the results, it was possible to appreciate a discordance of opinions between the stakeholders. Differences in perception emerged concerning the conviction that this professional figure should be integrated within the sports organization chart (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001), for the contribution that the manager can make in terms of improvement to the sports company (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001) and for the most appropriate training path for exercising this profession (χ2 = 7.76; P =.001). Conclusions: The perceptual contradictions found in the stakeholders’ answers show how the complexity of the recent regulatory provisions and the assumed equivalences to the title of sports manager have generated additional confusion compared to the ordinary one. Keywords: exercise and sport sciences, manager, sports law, professional sport profile

БРЕНД ЯК ФАКТОР УСПІШНОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ БРЕНДУ ФУТБОЛЬНОГО КЛУБУ)

In the modern period of the general commercialization of sports in general and football, as one of its most popular types in particular, the issue of brand management of professional football clubs is gaining relevance. Today, the brand itself is defined as an effective tool for the development and profit-making of a professional football club as a business model. The article examines different views of scientists regarding the meaning of the concepts "brand" and "branding". It was determined that branding is a key and necessary tool for the successful functioning of any enterprise. The definition of the concept of "sports brand" as a resource based on which the function of influencing holistic perception and consumer choice is realized is generalized. It was determined that among modern sports brands, an important role belongs to football brands, since in them you can find a reference combination of emotional, symbolic and reputational components, which are the basis of any brand. Factors affecting the value of a football club brand have been identified. The constituent elements of the football club brand are singled out, which ensure its maximum uniqueness to create a single image of consumer thinking. It was determined that the main factors that affect the value of a football club brand are its history, sports results, personal achievements of football players who play for this club, the size of the football club's budget, the number of partnerships with sponsors and their reputation, the number of fans and average attendance at matches, the club's participation in international tournaments, the number of telecasts of the club's matches, and the number of mentions in the press. The rating of the most expensive football brands in the world in 2022 according to Brand Finance, a brand evaluation consulting company, has been submitted. Characteristic features of the development of the most expensive football brands in 2021-2022. It was determined that the right marketing can help in solving important issues for a professional football club, namely: attracting high-quality football players, encouraging fans to attend matches, attracting mass media. It is noted that the main task of marketing for football brands is to improve their image, taking into account the socio-economic and political conditions that have the greatest impact.

“Euphoria, Anarchy, Sobering Up”: The 1990s in the Memories of Alternative Czech Rock Musicians (and other Members of the Alternative Czech Rock Music Scene)

This article focuses on how the members of the alternative Czech rock music scene experienced the 1990s. It is based on oral history interviews with rock musicians as well as with music club managers, concert promoters, a music manager, and a publicist. The aim of the article is to out line the possible narratives of these actors about the era of the 1990s and map whether these narratives remain the same for the entire decade.

Views of Turkish football stakeholders on video assistant referee technology

The purpose of this study was to carry out an in-depth examination of the views of Turkish football stakeholders on "video assistant referee" technology. The stakeholder sample consisted of 18 male participants, comprising a referee board member, referees, observers, club managers, footballers, coaches, press members and fans. Semistructured interviews provided the data. A descriptive analysis of the data was then undertaken. In the participants' opinions, the main purpose of the VAR Technology is greater fairness, increased objectivity, referee development, reduction in errors, prevention of critical mistakes, and to avoid spoiling the nature of football. The participants' views on the implementation of the VAR Technology were divided into two components the effect on referee behaviour and the impact on the match performance. While the positive effects regarding referee behaviours were referees' making correct decisions, preventing the unfair loss of points, reducing referee mistakes, improvement of the referees, the negative outcome was an increased discussion of referees. The impact on match performance was evaluated negatively by the participants. The reasons were loss of time, loss of naturalness, getting distanced from the match, a decrease in excitement, and loss of motivation. Lastly, the participants’ opinion about the future for VAR Technology was that the use of this technology will continue develop in the coming years and should be supported.

MOBILIZANDO RECURSOS LINGUÍSTICOS E SEMIÓTICOS, CONSTRUINDO IDENTIDADES NOS MUNDOS DA VIDA LOCAIS: TRABALHADORES MIGRANTES DE TIMOR-LESTE E SEUS CLUBES DE FUTEBOL

ABSTRACT This paper is based on research of a sociolinguistic and ethnographic nature, which was carried out with young migrants from Timor-Leste, who were based in a small town in Northern Ireland (CABRAL; MARTIN-JONES, 2017). Through this research we traced their migration trajectories (via Portugal or England), and we documented the agentive ways in which they were dealing with local conditions of settlement and employment, and, at the same time, creating new spaces of solidarity and conviviality within local life worlds. We focus here on one particular life world – that of sport – and on the nine football clubs formed for Timorese men and boys in this local Irish setting. We describe and analyse three different aspects of the communicative practices that were developing around the football: (1.) The linguistic, cultural and semiotic practices involved in the naming and branding of the clubs e.g., practices that indexed different Timorese identities (from different regions of Timor-Leste) and practices that indexed different globalised cultural worlds of football; (2.) the language resources of the Timorese club managers (including Tetum, Portuguese and English), and their organisational practices, their ethos and their funds of knowledge; (3.) the significance of the scheduling of football tournaments around key dates in the establishment of the nation of Timor-Leste – a regular practice that indexed an orientation to a shared national origin.

CSR in major European football leagues in the age of COVID-19: financial vulnerability, mental health and domestic violence

PurposeCOVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the lives of people and businesses around the world in different ways. France, Spain, Italy and the UK are among the worst affected countries by this pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to identify and compare different corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities taken by the clubs and player of the major football leagues of these four countries to develop a more comprehensive model of intervention.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has analyzed the initiatives taken by these football clubs and players to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health problems and domestic violence among the stakeholders and compared them with the existing CSR and humanitarian models. A case study approach has been used to collect and analyze data related to the CSR activities taken by the players and club management. Official websites of the clubs, newspaper and journal articles were among the major sources used to collect data for the paper.FindingsFootball clubs and players of the four major leagues have raised funds through different campaigns and delivered foods and essential medical supplies to the communities and hospitals to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health issues and domestic violence within their communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. They have provided guidance to their followers using social and television media to improve their physical and mental health during the pandemic. Online competitions, quizzes or virtual hangouts have also been used by the players to engage the stakeholders on a frequent basis. Football clubs have also initiated campaigns to raise awareness within the community on available medical services for the victims of domestic violence and also provided them with shelter, food, medical, legal and online counseling services.Originality/valueFootball clubs and players of the major leagues were always at the forefront to help the communities and hospitals to address issues related to mental health problems, financial vulnerabilities and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this paper could help and guide other entities in designing a more comprehensive model of CSR interventions during pandemics or crisis situations to address financial vulnerabilities, mental health problems and domestic violence within their communities.

A survey of organizational structure and operational practices of elite youth football academies and national federations from around the world: A performance and medical perspective.

Medical and performance units are integral components of player development programmes in elite football academies. Nevertheless, the nature of the operational processes implemented by practitioners within clubs and national federations remains unexplored. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to survey elite youth professional football academies from around the world regarding the operational processes adopted by their medical and performance units. Of the 50 organizations invited, 10 national federations and 25 clubs took part in the survey resulting in a response rate of 70% (95% confidence interval, 56%-81%). The respondents represented three groups: senior club and academy management, performance, and medical staff. The majority (60%-90%) of clubs and national federations reported strategic alignment between senior and academy medical and performance units as well as between academy medical and performance units. Survey responses indicated substantial heterogeneity in the composition and number of medical and performance professionals employed in academies. The majority of respondents agreed their medical and performance departments were effective in utilizing staff knowledge and external sources of knowledge to inform their practice (56%-80%). Performance staff (40%-50%) and physiotherapists (30%-32%) were deemed most influential in injury prevention programmes. During the return-to-play process, the influence of specific practitioners in the medical and performance units was dependent upon the phase of return-to-play. Shared decision-making was common practice amongst performance and medical staff in injury prevention and return-to-play processes. Medical and performance data were generally centralized across the first team and academy in majority (50%-72%) of clubs and national federations. Data were integrated within the same data management system to a higher degree in clubs (68%) vs. national federations (40%). Research and development activity were reported for most academies (50%-72%), and generally led by the head of performance (37%) or team doctor (21%). Research activities were largely undertaken via internal staff (~100%), academic collaborations (50%-88%) and/or external consultants and industry partnerships (77%-83%) in the national federation and clubs. Collectively, these findings provide a detailed overview regarding key operational processes delivered by medical and performance practitioners working in elite football academies.

Football Sports Development Management (Case Study at the North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut Club)

This research was motivated by the decline in the performance of North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut in the Liga III competition in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the sports management of the North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut club, the coaching and training patterns carried out by the club, and to find out more about the achievements that have been achieved by North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut. This research is a qualitative research, with a descriptive qualitative model. The sources of this research are the management of the board, the coaching team, and the players of North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut. The instrument used is data search by interview, survey and documentation methods. The analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the research carried out at the North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut football club can be concluded as follows: (1) The management of the Persibolmut club management, namely the District Football Association (Askab) PSSI Bolaang Mongondow Utara and the club management are not well and effectively run. (2) The coaching program for the North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut football club was not carried out properly and correctly in accordance with the development of football sports, namely massing, breeding and scouting talent. (3) The training program at the North Bolaang Mongondow Persibolmut club is not documented or unwritten and there is no information on the players. Players do not know the training program that must be carried out because training is carried out by the management only at certain times when facing matches and competitions. (4) Football facilities and infrastructure at the Persibolmut club are not yet complete, the facilities are limited to the field, Persibolmut does not yet have adequate facilities and infrastructure, especially secretariat facilities and infrastructure, player facilities and infrastructure, as well as training facilities and infrastructure. (5) The local government of North Bolaang Mongondow does not pay serious attention to improving the management of football sports coaching at the Persibolmut club.

Transformation of management of professional sports clubs in modern conditions

Transformation of management of professional sports clubs in modern conditions

Increasing the willingness to stay – a novel and comprehensive member satisfaction index (MSI) model tested in a leading German tennis club

PurposeThis study aims to address customer focus as an important component of total quality management (TQM) and explore the key drivers of member satisfaction in tennis clubs via a novel theory-based member satisfaction index (MSI) model with high explanatory and predictive power. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate the relationship between satisfaction and behavioral intentions (willingness to stay; WTS) with consideration of the mediating effect of identification with the club.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses variance-based partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to estimate the MSI model, which was tested in a leading tennis club in Germany (n = 185).FindingsThe results reveal that club atmosphere, club facilities and the price/quality ratio of the membership fee are the most important drivers of member satisfaction in tennis clubs. Member satisfaction has a large influence on the WTS of tennis club members. Identification with the club, when included as a mediator in the model, increases the variance explained in WTS considerably.Research limitations/implicationsThe small sample limits the generalizability of findings, and further research is recommended.Practical implicationsThe MSI model is a useful benchmark tool for club managers who want to quantify the satisfaction and WTS of their club members. In addition, because of the integrated formative measurement models, the PLS-SEM results show which indicators can be used to positively impact satisfaction with each of the service quality dimensions, overall member satisfaction and WTS. The most important of these results are discussed in an importance-performance map analysis.Originality/valueThe MSI model is a multi-attribute index model through which members' evaluations of various dimensions of service and value are derived through multivariable linear function with each dimension weighted according to its importance in one holistic model. The model shows the strong impact of satisfaction on WTS of sports club members and reveals that findings of previous research on the relationship between fan and spectator identification and loyalty are transferable to sports club members. The MSI represents a new contribution to the literature; it was applied here to tennis clubs but is also suitable for application to other sports clubs.