Clinical Study Of Incidence Research Articles

A Clinical Study of Incidence and Determinants of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Centre

A Clinical Study of Incidence and Determinants of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Centre

Retinopathy of prematurity- A clinical study of incidence and risk factors

To know the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in low birth weight and preterm neonates and study the association between presence of risk factors with incidence of retinopathy of prematurity.It was a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out in 500 newborns having gestational age ≤ 36 weeks or birth weight ≤2.5kg presenting in OPD at G.T. Sheth Eye Hospital, P. D.U. Government Medical College, Rajkot. During 2021-2022 where 500 neonates (≤36 weeks gestational age and ≤2.5kg gm birth weight) were screened as per ICROP guidelines during the procedure after approval of neonatologist/Paediatrician. Informed verbal consent was taken from Patient’s parents or Guardian. And History was taken along with risk factors according to proforma. Anterior segment and dilated detailed fundus examination was done with indirect ophthalmoscopy and 20D lens with all aseptic precautions. Data was recorded and analysis of the data was done using student t- test and chi square test to find p value of the data to the significance of the study results.The incidence of ROP in any stage was 8% in our study which is less than other studies conducted in India. Mean Gestational age among ROP positive neonates was 31.76 weeks (range 27 to 33 weeks). Incidence of APROP in our study was 25% among ROP of any stages. Mean gestational age and birth weight for APROP in our study was 30.4 weeks and 1.77kg respectively. Low birth weight and prematurity were the most important risk factors for developing any ROP. Other significantly associated risk factors in our study were respiratory distress syndrome and age at which oxygen therapy givenIncidence of ROP in our study is less than other studies which is due to less awareness among parents for retinopathy of prematurity and its risk factors. Most of the patients who developed ROP were exposed to oxygen at very early post conceptional age. This shows that rather than oxygen therapy alone age at which oxygen is given is more important.

Clinical Study of Incidence and Relating Factors on Neurosensory Disturbances after Sagittal split Ramus Osteotomy

Clinical Study of Incidence and Relating Factors on Neurosensory Disturbances after Sagittal split Ramus Osteotomy

A clinical study of incidence, etiology, and pattern of mandibular fractures in K. R. Hospital, Mysore

Introduction: The mandible is the second-most common fractured part of the maxillofacial region after the nasal bone. The incidences, etiology, and pattern of mandibular fractures vary considerably among the different population; there is a need to evaluate aspects of mandibular fracture in Mysore. The main causes of mandible fractures in this study are road traffic accident (RTA), assault, fall, sports-related injuries, and industrial trauma. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients records were taken from MLC books who sustained mandibular fracture presenting to the Department of Dentistry, K.R. Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016. A standardized maxillofacial trauma pro forma was used to record the data in relation to age, gender, etiology, and anatomical site. The mandibular fractures were classified based on the anatomical sites such as symphysis, parasymphysis, body, angle, ramus, condyle, coronoid, and dentoalveolar process. Patients were divided into the following age group of Results: A total of 50 patients with 70 fractures were analyzed for the study, in which 32 were male (64%) and 18 (36%) were female. The patients ranged from Conclusion: Among 70 fracture sites located in this study, sites which fracture were seen was parasymphysis 31.42%, followed by angle 20%, condyle 18.57%, symphysis and dentoalveolar 8.57%, body 7.14%, ramus 4.28%, and the least was coronoid 1.42%. The parasymphysis is the most common site of fracture in this study similar to the other previous studies. In cases with unilateral fractures, parasymphysis was the most common 33.33%, followed by the angle of 19.60%. The most common combination was parasymphysis and condyle.

The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients

Background:The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients. The objective of this study was to determine the role of comorbid conditions in burns patient management and to understand the outcome the morbidity and mortality in burns patients with comorbid conditions.Methods: One hundred patients suffering burn injury with associated comorbid conditions had been selected randomly (every third burns patient with associated comorbidity). Co-morbidities associated were noted from history given by the patients. It is a prospective observational clinical study of 2 years of duration. Patients admitted in the department of burns and reconstructive surgery from the 2104 October up to twenty-four months were included in this prospective study.Results: It is a clinical observational prospective study. Study involve 100 burns patients with comorbidities: alcoholics (53%), smokers (15%), diabetic (12%), obesity (7%), psychiatric illness (6%), epilepsy (5%), bronchial asthma (2%). It was observed that morbidity and mortality were more in alcoholic (49%) and diabetic patients (33%) when compared to other co-morbid conditions. Wound infections and delayed wound healing was found more in diabetic patients. Incidence of higher percentage of burns was found in alcoholic patients.Conclusions: This study concluded that comorbid conditions increased the duration of hospital which also affected mortality, with longest stay of 102 days and average duration of stay of patients with co-morbid conditions was 45-65 days.

A clinical study of incidence and etiology of apnea in newborn

Background: Apnea, defined as cessation of breathing resulting in pathological changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation, is a common occurrence especially in preterm neonates, apnea is not a disease and is a symptom of various diseases that affect neonates. Aim was to know the incidence and etiology of apnea in newborn in Indian setup.Methods: All admitted neonates who developed apnea is documented to know the incidence and selected cases were retrospectively studied to know the etiology.Results: Incidence of apnea was 19.92%, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and sepsis 25.67% each were the common etiologies.Conclusions: Occurrence of apnea definitely reflects the mortality rate in newborns. Incidence of apnea in general and apnea in term newborns in particular are significantly more in comparison with western data. The association of HIE and Sepsis, the potentially preventable causes, perpetuates the incidence of term apnea reflecting the bad obstetric care, poor infrastructure, illiteracy, poor health seeking behavior affecting the child health antenataly, nataly and post nataly. Incidence of apnea in premature newborns is almost comparable to western studies. The primary apnea which is the most common cause, is an uncontrollable entity affecting similarly the newborn community of developed and developing world. India’s taboo of having high infant mortality is once again reflected in the study.

Clinical study of incidence of significant major aorto pulmonary collateral arteries in patients of TOF and its correlation with pulmonary artery anatomy

Introduction: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with hypoplastic pulmonary arteries and major aorto pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) is the most extreme variant of TOF. MAPCAs are frequently present and the main source of pulmonary flow in patients with TOF with hypoplastic arteries in the absence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Objective: To study the incidence of significant MAPCAs in patients of TOF and its correlation with pulmonary artery anatomy. Patients and Methods: This prospective study has been conducted on a cohort of 100 consecutive TOF patients of 0-15 years of age. All the clinical and demographic parameters were collected. Two dimensional ECHO and CT pulmonary angiography was performed to define PA anatomy and MAPCAs morphology. Cardiac catheterization was performed as and when required. All the patients selected for the study, had PDA absent. Results: A total 56 patients had MAPCAs. Hypoplastic LPA was observed in 31 patients, of which 27 (87%) had significant MAPCAs, and hypoplastic RPA was found in 46 patients with 40 (87%) having significant MAPCAs. The mean diameter found was 5.78 ± 3.52 mm. Direct arborization pattern was observed in 45 patients. The mean oxygen saturation was 76.72 ± 7. Conclusion: Patients with TOF and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries had significant incidence of MAPCAs. The majority had MAPCAs with direct origin from descending aorta and larger diameter. A statistically significant difference was observed in the oxygen saturation levels in patients with and without MAPCAs.

Clinical study of incidence and surgical management of iincisional hernia

Background: Incisional hernia a common surgical problem, and uncommon sequel of surgical intervention. It occurs as a result of excessive tension and inadequate healing of previous incision, which is often associated with surgical site infection. We have studied here the etiology and risk factor for the development of incisional hernia. Various clinical presentations, incidence of incisional hernia and different therapeutic modalities of treatment and the post-operative complications . The main aim of the study was to identify the etiological factor to highlight the strategies for prevention of incisional hernias, to find the best management procedures for the incisional hernias. Methods: The study is a perspective study was conducted in Meenakshi medical college and research institute, Kanchipuram for the period 2010-2012. 87 patients were included for the study. Patients who had herniation at site of previous surgery through the previous surgical scar were chosen for the study. Observations were made with regard to duration and ease of operation, wound complications, mesh infections, hospital stay, morbidity and recurrence. Results: In our study 83% patients were women may be because of high incidence of caesarean section performed. As LSCS done through the lower midline incision was the commonest cause of incision hernias. The commonest age group was 4th decade that is from 30 - 40 years. Conclusions: Incisional hernia is more seen in female, housewife who are multiparous, it is mostly presents with swelling and pain abdomen. Previous elective and emergency surgeries in lower midline have higher percentage of incisional hernia.

A retrospective clinical study of incidence and spectrum of cardiac anomalies in non-syndromic subjects with cleft lip and palate

A retrospective clinical study of incidence and spectrum of cardiac anomalies in non-syndromic subjects with cleft lip and palate