Clinical Significance In Early Diagnosis Research Articles

The value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetes and an analysis of related factors.

The aim of this paper is to explore the application and clinical significance of color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) in diagnosing lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The lower extremity arteries of 81 patients with T2DM and 50 control patients were examined by CDU for blood vessel diameter, intima-media thickness, plaque on the vessel wall, lumen stenosis and filling defect in blood flow. The occurrence of diabetes mellitus was investigated in additional T2DM patients of various ages. Left popliteal artery, left and right dorsal artery of the foot; the incidence of atherosclerotic plaque, stenosis and occlusion of the lower extremity vascular lumen of T2DM patients was significantly higher than that in the control group. Vascular disease in the lower extremities was mainly small and medium vascular disease (lower than popliteal artery), especially the dorsal artery of the foot, for which the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The elder patients had a greater chance of lower extremity arterial disease. CDU is the examination method of preference for T2DM patients with lower extremity vascular disease. It has a very important clinical significance for early diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

E2F3 transcription factor: A promising biomarker in lung cancer.

Many researches aiming to explore the pathogenesis of lung cancer have extensively studied the molecular alteration in such disease. In the present study we measured the blood E2F3 mRNA using real-time RT-PCR technique in order to evaluate its clinical significance in early diagnosis and monitoring of lung cancer. This case-control study included 50 lung cancer patients, 20 patients with benign lung diseases and 20 healthy controls. Relative quantification of blood E2F3 mRNA was done by real-time RT-PCR. Blood E2F3 mRNA levels were significantly higher in lung cancer patients when compared to either patients with benign lung diseases or healthy subjects. This elevation was significant in those with metastatic lung cancer as compared to those with localized lung cancer. At a cutoff^{(2-Δ Δ CT)} 1.5, blood E2F3 mRNA was able to distinguish malignant from benign lung conditions with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%; while at a cutoff^{(2-Δ Δ CT)} 5.3, blood E2F3 mRNA discriminated localized from metastatic lung cancer with a sensitivity of 93.6%. Blood E2F3 mRNA is a sensitive diagnostic marker in lung cancer; moreover, it is a promising prognostic marker capable of efficiently discriminating early from late stages of the disease.

A clinical importance of natriuretic peptides in pediatric practice

Natriuretic peptides (NUP) are peptide hormones secreted by cardiomyocytes in response to a volume overload of the heart. Emphasis in the article is placed on the history of NUP discovery, their chemical structure and pathophysiological mechanisms of action. The data on determination of NUP reference values in children with cardiac pathologies are analyzed. A NUP clinical significance in early diagnosis of heart failure in children, including those with congenital heart defects is shown. Also considered is NUP dynamics after surgical correction of congenital heart defects. A conclusion is drawn that NUP play an important prognostic role in evaluating early and late postoperative periods and disease outcomes on a whole.Received 11 October 2016. Accepted 22 December 2016.Funding: The study had no sponsorship.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Author contributionsAll authors contributed equally at all stages of the research.

Ultrasound guided biopsy: A powerful tool in diagnosing AIDS complications

ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical value of ultrasound interventional biopsy in the diagnosis of AIDS related diseases. MethodsUltrasound interventional biopsy was performed on different lesions of organs in 366 cases of AIDS patients in our hospital from June 2012 to May 2015. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were conducted for samples of the biopsies. ResultsTotal success rate of the biopsies was about 98.4% (360/366) with the failure rate of 1.6% (6/366). The incidence of complications related to the biopsies was about 2.5% (9/366). No medical personnel participated in ultrasound interventional biopsy procedures suffered from infection. ConclusionsUltrasound interventional biopsy is safe and convenient to be performed on AIDS patients complicated with various opportunistic infections or carcinomas, with a rather high success rate and few postoperative complications. Ultrasound interventional biopsy has a great clinical significance in early diagnosis of AIDS complications.

Value of brainstem auditory evoked potential in early diagnosis of hand,foot and mouth disease with nervous system damage

Objective To investigate the value of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in early diagnosis of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) with the nervous system damage. Methods BAEP was performed in 297 cases with HFMD. The patients were divided into 4 groups by the HFMD clinical classification and their ages. Group A included the general cases who were younger than three years (n=80). Group B included the severe cases who were younger than three years (n=94). Group C included the general cases who were three years or older (n=38). Group D included the severe cases who were three years or older (n=85). The electroencephalogram (EEG) and MRI results of patients in the groups were retrospectively studied and the results were compared with that of BAEP. Results (1) The BAEP abnormal rate of group B (18/94, 19.15%) was higher than that of group A (3/80, 3.75%), and the BAEP abnormal rate of group D (13/85, 15.29%) was higher than that of group C (1/38, 2.63%) (P<0.05). (2) The EEG abnormal rate in group B was low (2/94, 2.13%) and there was no case with abnormal EEG in group A. (3) The EEG abnormal rate of group D (49/85, 57.65%) was higher than that of group C (6/38, 15.79%) (P<0.05), and higher than the BAEP abnormal rate of group D. (4) The MRI abnormal rate of group B (9/94, 9.57%) was higher than that of group A (1/80, 1.25%) (P<0.05), and the MRI abnormal rate of group D (9/85, 10.59%) was higher than that of group C (0). (5) The BAEP abnormal rate of the children with severe HFMD (31/179, 17.32%) was higher than the MRI abnormal rate (18/179, 10.06%) (P<0.05). Conclusion BAEP has clinical significance for early diagnosis of severe HFMD with nervous system damage, and can provide objective basis for the diagnosis. Key words: Brainstem auditory evoked potential; Severe hand, foot and mouth disease; Nervous system damage; Early diagnosis

Hematologic Markers of Influenza A H1N1 for Early Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Assessment

Background: Influenza A H1N1 has contributed to significant morbidity and mortality, yet very few studies on changes in hematologic and biochemical markers have been reported. Methods: The variable characteristics of several laboratory indices were statistically analyzed during the disease course. Results: In the incipient stage, the RBC and platelet counts in most patients were normal, while total WBC, neutrophils, and lymphocytes decreased in some cases. The hepatic and renal function indicators were mostly within the normal limits, while electrolyte imbalance occurred in some cases. T lymphocytes subgroups counts were significantly decreased in the acute stage and became extremely low a few days later, then recovered to normal limits in the convalescent stage. Conclusions: T lymphocytes subgroups could be considered as progressive markers of H1N1, which were of great clinical significance in early diagnosis, progression, and prognosis evaluation of H1N1. This work provided convenient hematologic diagnostic criteria for reference. * CDC : Centers for Disease Control TB : total bilirubin TP : total protein A : albumin ALT : alanine aminotransferase AST : aspartate aminotransferase LD : lactate dehydrogenase UN : urea CR : creatinine RT-PCR : reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction PCR : polymerase chain reaction SARS : severe acute respiratory syndrome RSV : respiratory syncytial virus

Clinical significance of early diagnosis in procalcitionin for neonatal severe bacterial Infection

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of early diagnosis in procalcitionin (PCT) for neonatal severe bacterial infection. Methods The PCT were quantitative detected in 60 cases neonatal se-vere bacterial infection and 35 cases normal neonate, and the CRP and WBC were detected also. The PCT and CRP of observe group were rechecked after been treated for 72 hours. Results On admission 60 cases PCT >0.5 μg/L,the positive rate was 100%. 8 cases PCT > 10 μg/L,the WBC didn't heighten obviously. On admis-sion the CRP of 20 cases (48.0%) was abnormal. 58 cases were healing well and the PCT all decreased to nor-mal level. Conclusion In earlier period of neonatal severe bacterial infection PCT is better than CRP and WBC among the diadynamic criteria of bacterial infection. Key words: Procalcitionin; Bacterial infection; Neonat

The changes of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in T2DM and its clinical significance for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy

Objective To investigate urinary excretion of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) during the different stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as its clinical significance. Methods Sixty-five cases with T2DM were divided into three groups: normoalbuminuric group [N-UAlb; urine albumin excretion (UAE) <30 mg/24 h, n = 25], microalbuminuric group [M-UAlb; UAE 30–300 mg/24 h, n = 20], and macroalbuminuric group [L-UAlb; UAE >300 mg/24 h, n = 20]. The urinary excretion rates of PDGF-BB were determined by a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all the cases and 27 subjects of control. Results The excretion rates of PDGF-BB in T2DM groups were markedly higher than that in control ( P < 0.001). Moreover, the excretion rates of PDGF-BB increased with the increase of UAE and there were significant differences among the three groups ( P < 0.05) except the groups of M-UAlb and L-UAlb. Urinary PDGF-BB was also positively correlated with UAE, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and negatively correlated with creatinine clearance (Ccr), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), while had no significance correlated with glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Conclusion PDGF-BB might play a very important role in the initiation and progression of DN. Measurements of urine PDGF-BB in T2DM could be used for early diagnosis of diabetic renal dysfunction.

Multiscale entropy based study of the pathological time series

This paper studies the multiscale entropy (MSE) of electrocardiogram's ST segment and compares the MSE results of ST segment with that of electrocardiogram in the first time. Electrocardiogram complexity changing characteristics has important clinical significance for early diagnosis. Study shows that the average MSE values and the varying scope fluctuation could be more effective to reveal the heart health status. Particularly the multiscale values varying scope fluctuation is a more sensitive parameter for early heart disease detection and has a clinical diagnostic significance.

COPD: clinical significance of early diagnosis.

To explain the differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and how COPD can be distinguished in patients who present with complaints of dyspnea, (shortness of breath on exertion), with the goal of improving earlier diagnosis. It is important to differentiate COPD from other diagnoses when adult patients present with dyspnea. There are several key diagnostic indicators for COPD, including, most notably, a history of smoking and objective lung-function measurements. COPD remains an underdiagnosed disease, chiefly in its milder and more treatable form. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)- defined standards for COPD management consist of 4 components: (1) assess and monitor disease, (2) reduce risk factors, (3) manage stable COPD through education and nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic means, and (4) manage exacerbations. Updated standards for diagnosis and treatment-targeted pharmacologic agents have provided physicians and health care workers with more specific and targeted treatment modalities for early detection and treatment of this progressive disease. Early detection and more accurate diagnosis are key in improving outcomes and altering the progression of the disease.

Spinal Epidural Abscess—From Onset to Rehabilitation: Case Study

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare condition; consequently, the clinical significance of early diagnosis often is overlooked. The challenge with SEA is not its treatment, but achieving early diagnosis before neurological symptoms occur. Once neurological deficits are present, immediate treatment must be implemented to prevent deterioration that can result in paralysis. The common SEA signs and symptoms are fever, back pain, and radicular symptoms that can progress to weakness and paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the imaging of choice for diagnosis. Treatments include antibiotics and surgical evacuation of the abscess if neurologic deficits are present. Nurses play a major role in caring for SEA patients by identifying those at risk, preventing complications, and collaborating with a multidisciplinary team to prepare patients for rehabilitation.