The problem of combined stress resistance of plants due to climate change in Siberia is analyzed on the basis of the literature data. According to the research of the Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and as a result of climate monitoring of the World Meteorological Organization, it is clearly concluded that regional climate changes in Russia are more signifi cant than in other regions of the world and have a pronounced character. The effects of the climate change have the most signifi cant impact on agriculture, which, to a large extent, depends on weather and climate conditions. In crop breeding, adaptation measures include increasing of the stress resistance of plants by changing the species composition of cultivated plants, introducing new varieties, developing new technologies and protection methods and other measures. It is shown that due to the climate change, there is a need to develop regional landscape complex programs, and to model joint action of stressors in laboratory conditions taking into account the increase of the stress tolerance in fi eld conditions. The most intensive combinations of stressors by their damaging action on crop productivity are considered. Different combinations of stressors require new types of plant responses, which are formed at the molecular, cellular and organismic levels. The attention is focused on the need for the application of innovative approaches that take into account information about the microbial community of a habitat (metagenomic technologies) and the use of modern molecular biological methods based on the transcriptomic, metabolomic and proteomic analysis of plants.