Client Interactions Research Articles

СТАН ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗАХИСТУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

In order to study the position of use of tools of economic protection of enterprises in the conditions of international activity, the article forms a sequence that provides for the appropriate order of analysis, starting from the study of world trends (studying the tools of economic protection of enterprises; identifying trends in their use in the context of international activity), supplementing them with statistical analysis at the level of state and interstate processes (analysis of statistical data characterizing the use of economic protection tools by domestic enterprises) and, concluding with the study of the practice of economic protection of enterprises (identification of the sphere of economic protection of the enterprise, advantages and disadvantages of the application of economic protection tools on the example of «Ukrtelecom» PJSC, etc.). The results indicate a change in priorities in the use of global tools for economic protection of the enterprise from tools that provide protection of strategy and corporate finance (strategic planning; statements of purpose, mission and vision; balanced scorecard, etc.) to tools of digital and information protection (customer experience management, digital transformation). Statistical studies of the consequences of economic crimes at enterprises in 2020-2022 proved the reduction of the work of the Economic Security Bureau during the period of martial law and the actualization of social, financial, macroeconomic threats and threats to food security. In the process of microeconomic analysis, the tools of economic protection of «Ukrtelecom» PJSC were investigated, which were grouped according to the priority directions of the enterprise's operation, and their advantages and disadvantages were indicated. Among the main advantages of tools of economic protection, we can mention the presence of fast feedback in the process of client interaction. As for the shortcomings, most of the information protection tools of «Ukrtelecom» PJSC increase the expenditure part of the company's budget, because they require monitoring and updating.

Clinical Psychology Interns' Lived Experiences With Suicidal Clients

This paper explores the lived experiences of clinical psychology interns who have encountered suicidal clients during their internship. Employing qualitative phenomenological investigation, semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The study employed purposive sampling and gathered valuable data from 8 clinical psychology interns who were all taking a master's degree in Clinical Psychology. The results highlighted that those encounters with suicidal clients triggered various reactions among interns, leading to self-doubt and a sense of unpreparedness in handling such cases. Many interns struggled with managing their emotions, especially when clients' traumas mirrored their experiences. The study emphasized the importance of a robust support system in helping interns cope with the challenges of their work. The results included a heightened need for supervision among interns, as they faced intense emotional challenges when working with suicidal clients. Supervision emerged as a critical component in helping them process these experiences. Regular check-ins with supervisors not only provided emotional support but also offered practical strategies for managing client interactions. This guidance helped interns develop coping mechanisms and build resilience, fostering their professional growth and confidence in handling difficult cases. Despite the challenges, the interns found purpose in witnessing significant client progress and emphasized the importance of self-care and ongoing training to prepare future clinicians for similar experiences.

The Value of Financial Planning—A Theoretically-Grounded Approach

This paper lays a foundation for quantifying the interaction “value” effects of the financial planner/client relationship through the lens of Financial Planning Client Interaction Theory (FPCIT), utilizing integration—a mathematical process commonly used in calculus to find the area under a curve. FPCIT recently emerged in response to practitioner and researcher calls for theory specific to the financial planning profession. FPCIT posits that the distinction of the professional practice of financial planning and its value to consumers is centered upon the unique and complex human interaction phenomenon inherent in the client relationship. FPCIT extends the value of financial planning discussion by offering a theory-based vantage point from which the profession can analyze the origins and synthesis of value within financial planning practice. The implications of FPCIT and the valuation method presented in this paper underscore the relevance of financial therapy, counseling, and psychology in expanding the financial planner’s skillset beyond technical expertise.

B2B Customer Engagement Customer Behaviour Forecast Application

The paper presents the "Casper Customer Behavior Forecast Application" a creative project focused on the creation of an advanced decision support software system. The purpose of this system is to closely observe, fully analyze, and precisely predict the behaviors of Casper Business-to-Business (B2B) clients. Our research study implements an innovative methodology by focusing on the enhancement of client interactions through the utilization of RESTful services. Our objective is to reimagine the future of customer relationship management by analyzing and forecasting client behavior in the business-to-business (B2B) setting. The project involves a comprehensive methodology that incorporates extensive study, complex software design, and careful data analysis. In more detail, it involves extensive monitoring of consecutive RESTful interactions carried out by business-to-business consumers across a period of time. By leveraging the capabilities of modern machine learning and deep learning algorithms, our objective is to develop prediction models that establish novel benchmarks within the industry. The methodology employed in this study includes the development of labeled behavioral datasets and the utilization of a supervised machine learning framework. The evaluation of model performance will be performed systematically using a range of metrics, such as F-Score and Accuracy, in order to establish the model's robustness and reliability in making accurate predictions. The expected outcomes of this project have the potential to bring about significant changes. Primarily, the integration of machine learning and deep learning algorithms will provide our company with an important amount of knowledge. Our organization will obtain an innovative software solution that possesses the capability to precisely forecast the future actions of B2B customers. This results in enhanced inventory management and a significant reduction in client waiting periods, resulting in increased levels of customer satisfaction. Additionally, this study has the potential to make significant additions to the global academic body of knowledge in the domains of machine learning and deep learning. In simple terms, the project titled "Casper Customer Behavior Forecast Application" embodies an innovative and academic effort aimed at enhancing customer engagement and predicting customer behavior within the context of business-to-business (B2B) interactions. This research project carries considerable importance, both in its potential to reinvent the field of customer relationship management and its ability to contribute to the global academic conversation on machine learning and deep learning.

Detecting aggression in clinical treatment videos

Many clinical spaces are outfitted with centralized video recording systems to monitor patient–client interactions. Considering the increasing interest in video-based machine learning methods, the potential of using these clinical recordings to automate observational data collection is apparent. To explore this, seven patients had videos of their functional assessment and treatment sessions annotated by coders trained by our clinical team. Commonly used clinical software has inherent limitations aligning behavioral and video data, so a custom software tool was employed to address this functionality gap. After developing a Canvas-based coder training course for this tool, a team of six trained coders annotated 82.33 h of data. Two machine learning approaches were considered, where both used a convolutional neural network as a video feature extractor. The first approach used a recurrent network as the classifier on the extracted features and the second used a Transformer architecture. Both models produced promising metrics indicating that the capability of detecting aggression from clinical videos is possible and generalizable. Model performance is directly tied to the feature extractor’s performance on ImageNet, where ConvNeXtXL produced the best performing models. This has applications in automating patient incident response to improve patient and clinician safety and could be directly integrated into existing video management systems for real-time analysis.

Strengths and weaknesses: clinician assessment effect on substance use treatment engagement and discharge

Strengths and weaknesses: clinician assessment effect on substance use treatment engagement and discharge

Building a Client Resource and Communication Platform for Community-Based Organizations to Address Health and Social Needs: Co-Design Study.

Connecting individuals to existing community resources is critical to addressing social needs and improving population health. While there is much ongoing informatics work embedding social needs screening and referrals into health care systems and their electronic health records, there has been less focus on the digital ecosystem and needs of community-based organizations (CBOs) providing or connecting individuals to these resources. We used human-centered design to develop a digital platform for CBOs, focused on identification of health and social resources and communication with their clients. Centered in the Develop phase of the design process, we conducted in-depth interviews in 2 phases with community-based organizational leadership and staff to create and iterate on the platform. We elicited and mapped participant feedback to theory-informed domains from the Technology Acceptance Model, such as Usefulness and Ease of Use, to build the final product and summarized all major design decisions as the platform development proceeded. Overall, we completed 22 interviews with 18 community-based organizational leadership and staff in 2 consecutive Develop phases. After coding of the interview transcripts, there were 4 major themes related to usability, relevance, and external factors impacting use. Specifically, CBOs expressed an interest in a customer relationship management software to manage their client interactions and communications, and they needed specific additional features to address the scope of their everyday work, namely (1) digital and SMS text messaging communication with clients and (2) easy ways to identify relevant community resources based on diverse client needs and various program eligibility criteria. Finally, clear implementation needs emerged, such as digital training and support for staff using new platforms. The final platform, titled "Mapping to Enhance the Vitality of Engaged Neighborhoods (MAVEN)," was completed in the Salesforce environment in 2022, and it included features and functions directly mapped to the design process. Engaging community organizations in user-centered design of a health and social resource platform was essential to tapping into their deep expertise in serving local communities and neighborhoods. Design methods informed by behavioral theory can be similarly employed in other informatics research. Moving forward, much more work will be necessary to support the implementation of platforms specific to CBOs' needs, especially given the resources, training, and customization needed in these settings.

Innovative Marketing Strategies in the Digital Age: Leveraging Technology for Market Dominance

The integration of digital technology has become essential for both markets and society, leading to the emergence of digital transformation as a crucial aspect of business innovation. Nevertheless, the process of digital transformation is intricate, and organizations continue to face challenges in comprehending and effectively capitalizing on its potential benefits. This research examines the present implementation of digital technology within enterprises. The article examines the effects of digital transformation on traditional marketing, specifically how it can alter the conventional process of value creation that marketing is predominantly engaged in. It delves into the impact of digital transformation on several aspects of traditional marketing, such as its role, organization, and tools. The study employed a qualitative research methodology, namely in-depth interviews, to gather data from managers employed in various businesses in Italy. The findings indicate that organizations frequently utilize digital technology, but predominantly rely on conventional tools. Moreover, companies tend to exhibit a higher degree of digitization rather than complete digital transformation. Digital technologies have a significant influence on marketing since they enhance market analytics, pricing strategies, and channel management, while also facilitating the establishment of client interactions to foster value co-creation. Professional abilities are enhanced in numerous ways, while organizational processes are becoming increasingly efficient and adaptable through the utilization of diverse knowledge and cross-functional experiences. This study examines the research and managerial consequences associated with the obstacles and hazards encountered during the execution of digital transformation initiatives.

Zerial Education

Learning outcomes After reading and analyzing the case study, the students would be able to understand the complexities of leadership and decision-making in a diverse workplace, specifically when promoting differently abled employees; explore the importance of fostering an inclusive environment, addressing biases and developing empathy in the context of leadership and diversity; explore the challenges and considerations involved in managing a team with diverse backgrounds and abilities; and evaluate the potential impact of promoting employees with disabilities on the morale and retention of other team members. Case overview/synopsis This case study is about a hearing-impaired individual, Jessica, who was recently hired by a medium-sized organization, Zerial Education. She was the organization’s first hire with a disability, and some of her colleagues were skeptical about how she would fit in. There was a clear bias against her because of her disability, and she faced many challenges while proving herself and earning the respect of her colleagues. Despite the initial skepticism and bias, she quickly proved herself to be a valuable member of the team. As the appraisal period arrived, Stan Logan, her reporting manager, faced a tough decision. He wanted to be fair and avoid to seem to be biased, yet he was also committed to fostering diversity and inclusion. If he promoted Jessica, it would affirm the company’s commitment to diversity and inclusivity, and it would also validate Jessica’s impressive year of work. However, this might come at the cost of creating tensions among the other top performers who were also deserving of the promotion and potentially complicating client interactions owing to Jessica’s hearing impairment. Logan had to navigate these complexities and make a decision that aligned with both the company’s values and operational needs, while also considering the potential consequences on team morale and client relationships. Complexity academic level The case is suitable for use by students at an MBA level. Human resource management: In this course, students might learn about the legal and ethical issues surrounding disability in the workplace, as well as strategies for recruiting and retaining employees with disabilities. Organizational behavior: In this course, students might learn about the psychological and social factors that influence how individuals with disabilities are perceived and treated in organizations, as well as how to promote diversity and inclusion within a company. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human resource management

Ecological network analysis reveals cancer-dependent chaperone-client interaction structure and robustness

Cancer cells alter the expression levels of metabolic enzymes to fuel proliferation. The mitochondrion is a central hub of metabolic reprogramming, where chaperones service hundreds of clients, forming chaperone-client interaction networks. How network structure affects its robustness to chaperone targeting is key to developing cancer-specific drug therapy. However, few studies have assessed how structure and robustness vary across different cancer tissues. Here, using ecological network analysis, we reveal a non-random, hierarchical pattern whereby the cancer type modulates the chaperones’ ability to realize their potential client interactions. Despite the low similarity between the chaperone-client interaction networks, we highly accurately predict links in one cancer type based on another. Moreover, we identify groups of chaperones that interact with similar clients. Simulations of network robustness show that this group structure affects cancer-specific response to chaperone removal. Our results open the door for new hypotheses regarding the ecology and evolution of chaperone-client interaction networks and can inform cancer-specific drug development strategies.

Unleashing efficiency and insights: Exploring the potential applications and challenges of ChatGPT in accounting

AbstractChatGPT, an advanced natural language processing (NLP) model based on GPT‐4 architecture, demonstrates exceptional ability in comprehending, interpreting, and generating human‐like writings. Our study explores ChatGPT's potential applications and challenges in the accounting field. With cutting‐edge NLP capabilities, ChatGPT has the prospect of reshaping various accounting processes by automating repetitive tasks, enhancing financial and managerial reporting and analysis, improving auditing and tax practices, and simplifying client interactions. Meanwhile, recognizing and mitigating possible limitations are vital to ensure the ethical and reliable utilization of AI and NLP techniques in the accounting and business sectors. Our study provides practical insights for accounting professionals, policymakers, investors, and other stakeholders to leverage this cutting‐edge technology to revolutionize the accounting profession, echoing society's ideal blueprint for a promising AI‐empowered economy.

Empatia – video reflection method for reflecting on empathic interactions between care worker and client

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce the Empatia video reflection method, designed to enhance care workers’ awareness of empathic care. The method makes the quality of care visible, which is needed when digitalization efforts in elder care focus on the efficiency and adequacy of care work.Design/methodology/approachThe Empatia method leans on previous studies of the interaction between care professionals and clients and elaborates further previous video reflection methods. In empathic care work, the care worker sees the client on their life continuum, rather than focusing on only medical treatments.FindingsThe empirical example demonstrates how a care worker gained awareness of their empathic interaction habits. Within the work community, the reflection process sparked discussions on values: the purpose of care work and how to conduct empathic care. Focusing on empathic relationships in care fosters both the client’s and the care worker’s well-being.Practical implicationsThe strength of the Empatia method is that it makes empathy visible in interaction and something that is individually and collectively learnable. The Empatia includes an analytical tool for researchers to reveal empathy in client interaction. It can be developed further into a reflection tool for service work to learn how to be empathic in service encounters.Originality/valueCompared to other video-stimulated recall methods, the Empatia involves contextual understanding of care work. Empowering positive interactions instead of detecting errors and solving problems is a novel concept and is scantily used in studies of organizational learning. The Empatia provides a detailed method description that allows for the replication of the method by anyone.

Effects of Mindful Engagement and Attention on Reciprocal Caregiver and Client Interactions: A Behavioral Analysis of Moment-to-Moment Changes During Mindfulness Practice

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the effects of Mindfulness-Based Positive Behavior Support (MBPBS) training on the nature of caregiver and client reciprocal interactions at a moment-by-moment level using behavior analytic methodology. Specifically, we compared the behavior of caregivers and clients before and after MBPBS training for the caregivers in terms of caregiver-client engagement, percent of learning and leisure interactions during caregiver-client engagement, and percent of the clients’ challenging behaviors and socially acceptable behaviors during learning and leisure interactions. In addition, we examined the effects of specific conditionality of attentional responses of the caregivers to the clients’ challenging or socially acceptable behavior in terms of frequency, latency, duration, and quality.MethodCaregiver and client engagements were videotaped before and after MBPBS training for the caregivers. The percent of caregiver-client engagement was analyzed using partial-interval recording for overall engagement and the clients’ challenging behaviors and socially acceptable behaviors during learning and leisure interactions. The effects of the caregivers’ attentional responses to the clients’ challenging behaviors and socially acceptable behaviors were analyzed using whole-interval recording.ResultsTraining caregivers in MBPBS significantly increased caregiver-client engagement during learning and leisure activities, which resulted in the clients exhibiting fewer challenging behaviors and more socially appropriate behaviors. Furthermore, an analysis of the effects of different types of caregiver attention showed differential effects on the clients’ challenging behaviors and socially acceptable behaviors.ConclusionsThe results indicated that behavior analytic methods can be used as an objective and reliable way of capturing the nature of changes in predefined behaviors of both caregivers and clients at a moment-by-moment level following training of the caregivers in a mindfulness-based program. Using such an analytic method may provide an effective way of objectively measuring some experiential processes involved in mindfulness training.

Effect of chaperone–client interaction strength on Hsp70-mediated protein folding

Protein folding in crowding cellular environment often relies on the assistance of various chaperones. Hsp70 is one of the most ubiquitous chaperones in cells. Previous studies showed that the chaperone–client interactions at the open state tend to remodel the protein folding energy landscape and direct the protein folding as a foldase. In this work, we further investigate how the chaperone–client interaction strength modulates the foldase function of Hsp70 by using molecular simulations. The results showed that the time of substrate folding (including the whole folding step and substrate release step) has a non-monotonic dependence on the interaction strength. With the increasing of the chaperone–client interaction strength, the folding time decreases first, and then increases. More detailed analysis showed that when the chaperone–client interaction is too strong, even small number of chaperones–client contacts can maintain the substrate bound with the chaperone. The sampling of the transient chaperones–client complex with sparse inter-molecule contacts makes the client protein have chance to access the misfolded state even it is bound with chaperone. The current results suggest that the interaction strength is an important factor controlling the Hsp70 chaperoning function.

Factors Affecting Digital Tool Use in Client Interaction According to Mental Health Professionals: Interview Study.

Digital tools and interventions are being increasingly developed in response to the growing mental health crisis, and mental health professionals (MHPs) considerably influence their adoption in client practice. However, how MHPs use digital tools in client interaction is yet to be sufficiently understood, which poses challenges to their design, development, and implementation. This study aimed to create a contextual understanding of how MHPs use different digital tools in clinical client practice and what characterizes the use across tools. A total of 19 Finnish MHPs participated in semistructured interviews, and the data were transcribed, coded, and inductively analyzed. We found that MHP digital tool use was characterized by 3 distinct functions: communication, diagnosis and evaluation, and facilitating therapeutic change. The functions were addressed using analog tools, digitized tools that mimic their analog counterparts, and digital tools that use the possibilities native to digital. The MHP-client communication included various media alongside face-to-face meetings, the MHPs increasingly used digitized tools in client evaluation, and the MHPs actively used digitized materials to facilitate therapeutic change. MHP tool use was generally characterized by adaptability-it was negotiated in client interactions. However, there was considerable variance in the breadth of MHPs' digital toolbox. The existing clinical practices emphasized MHP-client interaction and invited incremental rather than radical developments, which challenged the achievement of the scalability benefits expected from digital tools. MHPs use digitized and digital tools in client practice. Our results contribute to the user-centered research, development, and implementation of new digital solutions in mental health care by classifying them according to their function and medium and describing how MHPs use and do not use them.

Clientelism, Brokers Dominance, and Rigged Election: A Process of Authoritarian Democracy in Bangladesh

It is often assumed that power is exerted through patron–client exchanges in Bangladesh. These patron–client relationships are dispersed and multifaceted, kept together by moral closeness and tenderness. The incumbent government of Bangladesh rigged the last 2014 and 2018 national elections through the clientelist process. In Bangladesh, clientelism has become an art form that encompasses a wide variety of illegal electoral strategies and crimes. Brokers have a crucial part to play in this process because they are responsible for controlling patron–client interactions. Even while clientelism is thought of as an investment in public goods for the underprivileged, it has been demonstrating severe democratic degradation causes in countries that are still in the process of creating their democracies. This study explores how clientelism, broker dominance, and particularly the patron–client situation led Bangladesh to transition from a two-party or multiparty democratic state to a one-party dominant state that is flavored with authoritarian democracy. It also demonstrates how this has led to the emergence of a society in which free and fair election is an illusion.

CANINE HEARTWORM INFECTION AND PROPHYLAXIS USE AMONG PET CARETAKERS FROM THE CUMBERLAND GAP REGION OF TENNESSEE, USA.

The prevalence of infection with canine heartworm (CHW), Dirofilaria immitis, continues to increase across the United States, regardless of the availability of effective and affordable prophylactic products. Current reports of CHW prevalence as estimated by the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) are thought to under-represent the true magnitude of the issue because pet dogs that do not receive regular veterinary care are often excluded. This study estimated the prevalence of CHW in pet dogs and associated prophylaxis use in pet dogs in the Cumberland Gap Region with a combined doorstep diagnostic testing approach and caretaker survey. Dogs tested (n = 258) during the summers of 2018 and 2019 revealed a 2.3% (6/258) prevalence in the pet dog population with 33% (2/6) being microfilaremic. Questionnaire data from caretaker interviews revealed that 41.8% (108/258) of the dogs were not receiving CHW prophylaxis. Significant predictors of CHW prophylaxis use identified through logistic regression included pet caretaker awareness of CHW as an important health issue and the use of veterinary services in the year preceding participation in the survey. These results underscore the importance of veterinary-mediated client interaction to create risk awareness of CHW disease and association with prophylaxis compliance.

Understanding chaperone specificity: evidence for a ‘client code’

The interactions of molecular chaperones with clients can be regulated by chaperone post-translational modification (PTMs) collectively known as the ‘chaperone code’. What is less understood is how PTMs on client proteins may impact chaperone–client interactions. In this forum, we discuss the possibility of a ‘client code’.

'It's been an extraordinary journey': Experience of engagement from the perspectives of people with post-stroke aphasia.

Engagement is recognized as an important factor in aphasia treatment response and outcomes, yet gaps remain in our understanding of engagement and practices that promote engagement from the client perspective. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore how clients with aphasia experience engagement during their inpatient aphasia rehabilitation. An interpretative phenomenological analysis approach guided the study design and analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with nine clients with aphasia, recruited through purposive sampling, during their inpatient rehabilitation admission. Analysis was completed using a variety of analytic techniques including coding, memoing, triangulation between coders and team discussion. The analysis revealed that for clients with aphasia in the acute phrase of recovery, the rehabilitation process resembles travelling on a journey through a foreign land. Successful engagement in the journey was accomplished when one had a therapist who served as a trusted guide and was able to be a friend, invested, adaptable, a co-creator, encouraging and dependable. Engagement is a dynamic, multifaceted and person-centred process involving the client, provider and rehabilitation context. Findings from this work have implications for measuring engagement, training student clinicians to be skilled facilitators in engaging their clients and implementing person-centred practices that promote engagement within clinical settings. What is already known on the subject Engagement is recognized as an important factor in rehabilitation treatment response and outcomes. Prior literature suggests that the therapist plays a critical role in facilitating engagement within the client-provider relationship. Communication impairments associated with aphasia may negatively impact a client's ability to develop interpersonal connections and participate in the rehabilitation process. There is a dearth of research directly exploring the topic of engagement in aphasia rehabilitation, particularly from the perspective of clients with aphasia. Capturing the client perspective can provide novel insights regarding practices to foster and maintain engagement in aphasia rehabilitation. What this paper adds to existing knowledge This interpretative phenomenological study revealed that for individuals with aphasia in the acute phase of recovery, the rehabilitation process resembles travelling on a sudden and foreign journey. Successful engagement in the journey was accomplished when one had a therapist who served as a 'trusted guide' and was able to be a friend, invested, adaptable, a co-creator, encouraging and dependable. Through the client experience, engagement is seen as a dynamic, multifaceted and person-centred process involving the client, provider and rehabilitation context. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? The current study highlights the complexity and nuance of engagement within the rehabilitation context, which has implications for measuring engagement, training student clinicians to be skilled in engaging their clients and implementing person-centred practices that promote engagement within clinical settings. It is necessary to recognize that client and provider interactions (and thus engagement) are embedded in and influenced by the broader healthcare system. With this in mind, a patient-centred approach to engagement in aphasia care delivery cannot be achieved through individual efforts only and may require prioritization and action at the systems level. Future work is needed to explore barriers and facilitators to enacting engagement practices, in order to develop and test strategies to support practice change.

The sum of competing parts: Religious and sexual identity disparities in therapist effectiveness.

The discussion of the influence of culture in psychotherapy is expanding to honor and incorporate the ways identities intersect within complex social systems. Some clients present for therapy with two or more identities that are in conflict, whereby the values or needs associated with different parts of the self are at odds. The resulting tension can be a significant driver of distress. This study sought to investigate therapist variability in facilitating change with clients depending on the interaction of their sexual orientation and the role of religion in their life (RR). We analyzed the depression scores of clients (n = 1,792) who received care at a university counseling center. After controlling for clients' pretherapy depression scores, the association between their sexual orientation and their posttherapy depression varied across therapists; however, the association between their RR and posttherapy depression did not. We also found that the association between the interaction of clients' sexual orientation and RR, and posttherapy depression varied across therapists. Therefore, some therapists had clients who experienced more or less change in their depression and that variability was predicted by the identity combinations clients endorsed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).