Cotton Cleaning Research Articles

Measuring the impact of ginning stages on cotton fiber quality in the context of west and central Africa

The ginning process has an effect on fiber quality. Avoiding fiber quality deterioration due to mistune or overspeed is crucial, especially in west and central Africa where value chains are highly dependent on prices paid for premium fiber quality. Indeed, fiber classification alone does not permit a reliable measurement of ginning impact, as it depends on many factors such as incoming seed cotton quality, equipment type, number, and settings within each ginning process stage. This study describes a sampling and analysis method precise enough to detect any commercial impact on fiber quality at each main ginning stage. It is based on fiber quality characteristic measurements before and after each main stage: seed cotton cleaning, ginning, and lint cleaning. The sampling and testing protocol was applied in Mali in seven industrial gins during the 2015–2016 ginning season. Seed cotton samples were taken before and after the seed cotton cleaning stage, and fiber samples before and after the lint cleaning stage. Seed cotton samples were ginned with a reference saw micro-gin. The precision of fiber characterization was measured by replicating twice each fiber sample characterization in a laboratory meeting the international standards. Based on the variability measured in Mali, we determined for each fiber characteristic the number of replicates required to detect any commercially harmful impact. Growing and ginning conditions in Mali are representative of those in west and central Africa. Based on this method, one needs to develop an on-line tool to measure fiber quality at every stage of industrial ginning.

Optimization of the parameters on the combined cotton cleaning machine and analysis of cleaning efficiency

The article recommended the installation of pile drums and multi-sided grates on a combined cotton cleaner (ССС) unit based on full factor experiments, the results of comparative production tests with respect to the existing design are given. The connection graphs of the parameters were constructed, and on the basis of their analysis their optimal values were determined. Recommendations have been developed to ensure high efficiency of cleaning raw cotton from small and large wastes, to preserve the natural properties of the fiber.

Improved cotton fences for a sustainable approach to cotton cleaning

The article presents the results of research on the improvement of the grate to improve the efficiency of cleaning cotton gins from major contaminants. To achieve the goals of increasing efficiency, the existing technologies for cleaning raw cotton and the equipment used were analyzed. In the studies, industrial varieties of raw cotton, the most common in the region, were chosen as raw materials. Cotton I-technical grade was used with a soiling level of 6.6% and a moisture content of 8.2%. By attaching the cotton wool to the saw drum, one can increase the distance between the posts by increasing the distance between the strings by moving the first post down a distance L to make sure it also goes to the lower drum of the saw in the access path. In the experiments, the distance between the first column and the second column was set equal to 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm and 70 mm, and the distribution of sawdust in the drums was studied taking into account the amount of cotton transported. The main attention during the experimental studies was directed to the location of the grates relative to the saw cylinder and the distance between the grates. For experimental studies, laboratory equipment was manufactured and carried out in the conditions of the Joint-Stock Company “Scientific Center of the Cotton Industry”. As a result, with the improvement of the location of the grate on the grate, the cleaning efficiency was 42.6%, and the number of pieces of cotton in the waste was 5.2%, as indicated in the technological description of the unit, the number of grates increased by one unit.

CALCULATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS ON THE BASIS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF RESIDUAL POLLUTION IN A COTTON CLEANING PLANT

This article presents calculation of cotton cleaning efficiency of the cotton ginning plant for cotton of low grades. In particular, effective solutions are offered to eliminate the forces and damages affecting cotton during the ginning process. Optimal solutions are shown based on experiments and scientific research to further improve cleaning efficiency in cotton cleaning process. In order to determine factors affecting fiber quality and damage, and improve the efficiency of cleaning processes, researches were carried out on different cotton varieties.

The theoretical and experimental basis for calculating and justifying the parameters and regimes of the working areas of the cleaning zone of fibrous materials

In the article, there is the scheme and principle of the work of the cotton cleaner from small litter includes a composite pin drum with elastic elements and a vibrating mesh surface on elastic hinges. Theoretically, the torsional-vibrational motion of a two-mass system of a composite shoe drum has been studied, and the regularities of the dependence of changes in the parameters of the pin drum have been obtained. Based on the approximate analytical solution of the integro-differential equation, the law of angular vibrations of the net surface on the elastic supports of the cotton cleaner is studied. Experimental studies revealed regularities of loading and a change in the speed of rotation of the drum. The results of the full-factor experimental studies of the sample of the composite fluke drum are given. Based on the study of each of the three factors on the changes in the cleansing effect of cotton, the graphical dependencies of the parameters are postrene. The best values of the factors at which a high purifying effect of cotton from small weeds are achieved are recommended. Production tests revealed that the cleaning effect in comparison with the existing version of the drum spindle in the recommended increases by an average of 2.7%.

Study of the influence of the performance of a raw cotton cleaner on changes in the rotation speed of the peg drum

The optical sensors used have their own internal resistance, the extinction of which is leads to the fact that the sensor gives a certain signal. When a beam of light hits the optical sensor, the internal the resistance of the sensor decreases. For the reliability of the results obtained, each experiment was carried out in four repetitions. All experiments were carried out under the same conditions at a constant set rotation speed peg drum.

Research on the geometric dimensions of fine pollutants in cotton

This article is devoted to the study of the geometric dimensions of fine pollutants in cotton and the factors affecting them. Mass and quantitative fractions of small and large pollutants were compared. As an object of cotton cleaning, it was found that cotton contained different proportions in terms of the amount of fine pollutants. Although large pollutants exhibited a higher proportion of the total contamination in terms of weight, these pollutants were verified to exhibit a negligible proportion in terms of numbers. One gram of different selections and industrial varieties of cotton was obtained, in terms of contamination and harvesting type. The pollution amount was determined similar in terms of the total quantity and magnitude. The results of mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained results indicated that the number of pollutants per gram were statistically insignificant and differed among the experimental variants, but the value of the square inequality was higher. The results demonstrated that there exists a need to conduct a wide range of experimental tests in this area to determine the impact and interrelationships among all external factors on the size of the pollutant fraction and proportions.

机载籽棉预处理机台架试验及参数优化

The working quality of a cotton stripper harvester is limited by the efficiency of onboard seed cotton cleaners. As a basis for research in the design of a cotton stripper harvester prototype, the bench cleaning tests were designed to study the effect of structural and technological parameters on the loss rate and impurities rate of the cleaner. According to the features of different test factors, a combined orthogonal test was applied to determine the best combination of the sawtooth distance, saw cylinder diameter, and cleaning distance. With these parameters fixed, the optimal parameters for the cleaning distance, saw cylinder rotating speed, and brush thickness were obtained using a quadratic-regression rotatable orthogonal test. The best parameter configuration to ensure the cleaning quality of the onboard seed cotton pre-cleaner included the following structural parameters: sawtooth distance of 38 mm and saw cylinder diameter of 340 mm, and technological parameters: rotating speed of 282–288 rpm, clearance of 12.55–14.84 mm, and brush thickness of 8.37–9.69 mm, which decreased the loss rate to less than 10% and the impurities rate to less than 6%. The reliability of the theoretical analysis results was verified by a comparison with experimental results. The experimental results provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the research and the structural design of seed cotton pre-cleaners.

Experimental investigation of the relationship between raw shaft density and saw cylinder electric motor load current

In this research, the work was carried out to create and analyze mathematical models of steady technological processes in cotton cleaning, to obtain analytical expressions for the time of cotton and fiber processing and the time of turning raw materials into finished products. In addition, mathematical models for unstable technological processes in cotton cleaning were created and analyzed. Detailed information is provided on the technology of performing these works, the devices used, their operation, their efficiency, and ways to increase their efficiency.

COTTON CLEANING MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT

COTTON CLEANING MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT

Theoretical research of the process of separating impurities from cotton flow on the vibrating inclined mesh surface

The theoretical and experimental analysis of movement processes of raw cotton on the inclined surface (a tray) is given in the article and different factors influencing cotton cleaning process are studied. Based on developed models, there is an opportunity to determine the efficiency of raw cotton being cleaned under different angles of the inclined plane and the change in its volume. It was observed that pattern of change in coefficient of cotton cleaning efficiency by time as a result of vibration of a tray is closely dependent on compression module and increase in cleaning efficiency was observed.

Influence of the Gap between the Serrated Drum and the Bars on the Mechanical Cleaning of Raw Cotton

Influence of the Gap between the Serrated Drum and the Bars on the Mechanical Cleaning of Raw Cotton

Performance of a Cotton Gin Machine that Removes Plastic Contamination from Seed Cotton

A commercial cotton contamination cleaner developed and used to combat the plastic contamination problem in Chinese cotton was tested to compare its performance at removing typical plastics found in U.S. cotton to that of conventional cotton gin seed cotton cleaners. Seed cotton “spiked” with pieces of shopping bags, single-layer non-tacky round module wrap (RMW), and three-layer RMW of various sizes was introduced into the machines. Overall, the contamination cleaner was more effective at removing plastic contamination than a conventional cotton gin stick machine and inclined cleaner. Increasing the airflow to the contamination cleaner improved plastic removal. Overall capture of plastic across all sizes and types increased from 16 to 48% when airflow was increased from 17,500 to 30,200 m3/hr (10,300 to 17,800 ft3/min). However, seed cotton captured with the plastic also increased from 1.4 to 34 kg (3 to 75 lb) per bale. Shopping bag material and one-layer non-tacky RMW (lighter, pliable) were more effectively removed than three-layer RMW (heavier, stiffer), and smaller plastic pieces were more effectively removed than larger pieces. All the machines tested removed about the same amount of cotton trash (about 13.6 kg or 30 lb per bale).

Measures To Reduce Environmental Pollution In Cotton Cleaning Enterprises

The article discusses the issues of effective use of equipment in the cotton ginning industry. A brief description of the dust collecting devices used is given. The role of the ginning industry in light industry is revealed. The article describes measures for the modernization of production in light industry, technical re-equipment of industrial enterprises, reconstruction of equipment that does not meet modern production requirements. Conclusions are made on improving the organization of production for the effective purification of polluted air and the use of equipment in the cotton ginning industry.

Influence of the gap between the saw drum and the grate of the cleaner on the quality of the cleaning of raw cotton

The gap between the saw drum and the grate of the raw cotton cleaner is investigated. It is established that when cleaning raw cotton, the diameter of the grates increases, and the gap between them decreases. At the same time, as a result of the increase in load, the length of the fiber strands increases. Therefore, each gap in the cleaner must be larger than the previous gap. Keywords: saw drum, impact action, peg drum, grate, distance between grates.rasulov.ruzimurad@mail.ru

DETERMINATION OF NATURAL FREQUENCIES AND FORMS OF FREE VIBRATIONS OF THE GRATE OF THE RAW COTTON CLEANER

The article discusses the operation of the grate proposed by the authors with grates made of composite material, with a polyamide matrix and a filler of basalt fibre. Experimental grates are mounted on elastic rubber supports with non-linear rigidity. On the basis of finite element modelling, the analysis of the forms and natural frequencies of free oscillations of the grate of cotton cleaner from large litter was carried out. It is shown that the first 12 natural frequencies are located in a narrow range from 2.579 to 2.692 Hz. This is due to the design features of the grate. It is shown that during operation the grate performs forced oscillations with frequencies 45…75 Hz.

Research of the movement of raw cotton and heavy impurities in the working chamber of pneumatic transport of a new design

Technology of cotton primary processing provides for the cleaning of cotton from weed impurities of two types, i.e. from small (less than 10 mm) and large (over 10 mm) impurities. Nevertheless, cleaning the cotton in these cleaners from heavy, especially solid impurities, regardless of their size is impossible because of the cleaning processes take place in an impact mode, and such impurities upon impacts cause breaking and deformation of the working members of machines, as well as the revival of sparks causing fire phenomena. Therefore, the fall of solid impurities into the chambers of the cleaners and subsequent technological machines is not allowed, which is ensured by the use of linear cleaners, i.e. traps of heavy impurities as part of pneumatic conveying installations. Device for separating heavy cotton blends is installed in the pneumatic conveying system of the cotton plant. This article covers the movement of cotton feathers, as well as patterns in the working chamber of a new type of stone trap based on theoretical solutions.

Detection method of heterotropic fiber based on improved YOLOv5

Aiming at the problems of inaccuracy and poor real-time detection of heterosexual fiber in cotton cleaning process, a target detection model of heterosexual fiber based on YOLOv5 network was proposed to realize fast and accurate identification and location of heterosexual fiber in cotton. YOLOv5 was selected as the basic target detection model, and depth separable convolution was introduced to reduce the number of parameters of the detection model and improve the detection speed. Combined with SE module of channel attention mechanism, it can reduce irrelevant information interference and enhance feature expression ability. Comparative ablation tests were performed on YOLOv5 model before and after modification. The experimental results show that the improved YOLOv5 model has a mAP of 91.6% and a frame rate of 83 frames /s. The improved YOLOv5 model can not only improve the detection accuracy but also improve the detection speed, which can better meet the requirements of accuracy and real-time detection of cotton foreign fiber.

Development of a Cotton Cleaner Machine Collected

Development of a Cotton Cleaner Machine Collected

Theoretical study of the impact aimed at improving the efficiency of fiber cleaning

Since cotton cleaning in Uzbekistan is carried out mainly manually, this paper discusses the methods and technologies established in the process of cleaning cotton and fiber. The process of fiber cleaning is one of the important processes that complete the technological process of cotton processing, given that the quality of fiber largely depends on the efficiency of this process, the research work on the mechanization of the type of collection and improving the efficiency of its cleaning is analyzed. In order to improve the efficiency of cleaning cotton collected on the machine, information is provided on the need to improve the equipment for cleaning fiber used in cotton gins. The research results are based on the need to replace a special structural device that guides the fiber to the correct tooth of the first sawtooth cylinder located on two drum cleaning plants. New fiber-cleaning equipment was installed in the Jizzakh regional JSC “Zarbdor cotton cleaning» and experimental tests were conducted in production conditions. In addition, the process of changing the pressure, density and speeds in the furnace and the effect of their cleaning efficiency has been modeled and theoretically analyzed, when the efficiency of cleaning the cotton fiber flow using a column system allows changing the raw material from 4 mm to 15 mm based on the device. By results of the conducted analysis it was shown that the increase of efficiency of purification depends on the device attached to the saw teeth, factor of the taxation of the distribution coefficient B and p 0 efficiency factor of increasing the initial pressure and coefficient of efficiency savings from the analysis of graphs, which present graphs of the distribution depending on the type of saw teeth. Based on the results of the research, recommendations are given for the widespread introduction of fiber cleaning equipment installed at enterprises of primary cotton processing, with the installation of a special structural guide device.