Cleaning System Research Articles

Development and performance evaluation of a novel SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid

Hydraulic fracturing has been proposed as a potential technology for the development of low-permeability oil reservoirs and also has promising application prospects offshore. In this study, a novel SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid was formulated. The fracturing fluid main agents, additives and reducing agents were screened. Besides, the physical and chemical properties (rheology) as well as application (i.e., sand-carrying, gel-breaking, dynamic fluid loss, dynamic damage and anti-swelling) performance of the proposed SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid were systematically investigated. It was revealed that 3.2 wt% AASB-17+1.92 wt% NaSal+0.1 wt% SC-107+0.1 wt% TS3 was the optimal SiO2-enhanced seawater-based clean fracturing fluid system formula. The SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid exhibited remarkable rheological characteristics, the temperature and shear resistance was increased by 28 %, with a maximum temperature resistance of 90ºC. This system can be applied to the fracturing development of most oil reservoirs in the Bohai Bay. In addition, the presence of SiO2 nanoparticles significantly improved the sand-carrying properties of the proposed clean fractuirng fluid system. The experimental results also suggested that the SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid showed excellent performance of shear recovery (fixed shear viscosity recovery rate was 100 %), gel breaking (30 min,1 mPa·s), filter loss (Cw=4.75×10−4 m/min1/2), anti-swelling (anti-swelling rate was 77.78 %) and salt tolerance. This study provides fundamental technical support for the application of SiO2-enhanced seawater-based temperature-resistant clean fracturing fluid in offshore fracturing.

Research Progress and Application Prospects of Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Technology.

Solid-state hydrogen storage technology has emerged as a disruptive solution to the "last mile" challenge in large-scale hydrogen energy applications, garnering significant global research attention. This paper systematically reviews the Chinese research progress in solid-state hydrogen storage material systems, thermodynamic mechanisms, and system integration. It also quantitatively assesses the market potential of solid-state hydrogen storage across four major application scenarios: on-board hydrogen storage, hydrogen refueling stations, backup power supplies, and power grid peak shaving. Furthermore, it analyzes the bottlenecks and challenges in industrialization related to key materials, testing standards, and innovation platforms. While acknowledging that the cost and performance of solid-state hydrogen storage are not yet fully competitive, the paper highlights its unique advantages of high safety, energy density, and potentially lower costs, showing promise in new energy vehicles and distributed energy fields. Breakthroughs in new hydrogen storage materials like magnesium-based and vanadium-based materials, coupled with improved standards, specifications, and innovation mechanisms, are expected to propel solid-state hydrogen storage into a mainstream technology within 10-15 years, with a market scale exceeding USD 14.3 billion. To accelerate the leapfrog development of China's solid-state hydrogen storage industry, increased investment in basic research, focused efforts on key core technologies, and streamlining the industry chain from materials to systems are recommended. This includes addressing challenges in passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and hydrogen refueling stations, and building a collaborative innovation ecosystem involving government, industry, academia, research, finance, and intermediary entities to support the achievement of carbon peak and neutrality goals and foster a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient modern energy system.

Exposure to hull cleaning wastewater induces mortality through oxidative stress and cholinergic disturbance in the marine polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis

While wastewater and paint particles discharged from the in-water cleaning process of ship hulls are consistently released into benthic ecosystems, their hazardous effects on non-target animals remain largely unclear. In this study, we provide evidence on acute harmful effects of hull cleaning wastewater in marine polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis by analyzing physiological and biochemical parameters such as survival, burrowing activity, and oxidative status. Raw wastewater samples were collected during ship hull cleaning processes in the field. Two wastewater samples for the exposure experiment were prepared in the laboratory: 1) mechanically filtered in the in-water cleaning system (MF) and 2) additionally filtered with a 0.45 μm filter in the laboratory (LF). These wastewater samples contained high concentrations of metals (zinc and copper) and metal–based booster biocides (copper pyrithione and zinc pyrithione) compared to those analyzed in seawater. Polycheates were exposed to different concentrations of the two wastewater samples for 96 h. Higher mortality was observed in response to MF compared to LF–exposed polychaetes. Both wastewater samples dose-dependently decreased burrowing activity and AChE activity. Drastic oxidative stress was observed in response to the two wastewater samples. MDA levels were significantly increased by MF and LF samples. Significant GSH depletion was observed with MF exposure, while increased and decreased GSH contents were observed in LF-exposed polychaetes. Enzymatic activities of antioxidant components, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase were significantly modulated by both wastewater samples. These results indicate that even filtered hull cleaning wastewater can have deleterious effects on the health status of polychaetes.

Modeling, analysis, and techno-economic assessment of a clean power conversion system with green hydrogen production

The power sector confronts a crucial challenge in identifying sustainable and environmentally friendly energy carriers, with hydrogen emerging as a promising solution. This paper focuses on the modeling, analysis, and techno-economic evaluation of an independent photovoltaic (PV) system. The system is specifically designed to power industrial loads while simultaneously producing green hydrogen through water electrolysis. The emphasis is on utilizing renewable sources to generate hydrogen, particularly for fueling hydrogen-based cars. The study, conducted in Skikda, Algeria, involves a case study with thirty-two cars, each equipped with a 5 kg hydrogen storage tank. Employing an integrated approach that incorporates modeling, simulation, and optimization, the techno-economic analysis indicates that the proposed system provides a competitive, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solution, with a rate of 0.239 $/kWh. The examined standalone PV system yields 24.5 GWh/year of electrical energy and produces 7584 kg/year of hydrogen. The findings highlight the potential of the proposed system to address the challenges in the power sector, offering a sustainable and efficient solution for both electricity generation and hydrogen production.

Research on the optimization of the clean heating system for regional residential buildings based on the multi-objective optimization strategy

For the residential building district heating (RBDH) system, choosing the appropriate combination of heat sources according to local conditions is the key to improving economic efficiency. In this study, three climatic regions in China were selected, namely, a hot summer and cold winter region, cold region, and severe cold region. Among them, Nanjing, Tianjin, and Shenyang were selected as typical representative cities in the hot summer and cold winter region, cold region, and severe cold region, respectively. Taking the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) as the economic evaluation index and considering the carbon emission cost of the system operation, the energy consumption and the CO2 emissions were analyzed. TRNSYS software was used to simulate and analyze the system performance. The multi-objective optimization based on a genetic algorithm was proposed to optimize system parameters. From an economic point of view, the SA system was suitable for the hot summer and cold winter region, the SAS system was suitable for the cold region, and the SE system was suitable for the severe cold region. The operation control strategy based on quality adjustment can reduce heating energy consumption and maintain indoor temperatures at approximately 20°C. The proportion of clean energy heating in the optimized heating system decreased after the multi-objective optimization strategy. However, the initial investment and maintenance costs of the system were reduced, which reduced the LOCH of the system. Therefore, the multi-objective optimization strategy can effectively reduce the heating costs.

Facile synthesis of rGO nanosheet encapsulated Ni2V2O7 nanorods for energy storage applications

The less emission, environmental friendliness and less hazardous energy storage materials are most impotent to the clean energy system. Here we synthesis rGO anchored nickel vanadate nanorods for supercapacitor application. As a result, the Ni2V2O7 and rGO@Ni2V2O7 nanomaterials show a monoclinic structure from the XRD pattern. The vibrational of V–O–V and Ni–O along with the main peak of carbon materials indicates the rGO anchoring with Ni2V2O7 in the FTIR and Raman spectra. The SEM and TEM images illustrate a rod shaped Ni2V2O7 was attached over the rGO sheet surface. From the BET analysis, the rGO@Ni2V2O7 sample has a higher surface area than the Ni2V2O7 electrode. Further, the supercapacitor application of Ni2V2O7 and rGO@Ni2V2O7 electrodes shows 318 F/g and 624 F/g at 1 A/g capacitance values. Although, the rGO@Ni2V2O7 electrode shows higher power (771 W/kg) and energy density (22.28 Wh/kg) values than the NiV2O7 electrode. Moreover, the rGO@Ni2V2O7 exhibits a 95% of capacitance retention value even at the 1000th cycle. Moreover, the prepared rGO@Ni2V2O7 has less Rct value of 4.72 Ω) than the Ni2V2O7 electrode (9.86 Ω). The attachment of rGO can provide a higher surface area, higher conductivity and lower resistivity to the Ni2V2O7 electrode. According to these results, the rGO@Ni2V2O7 electrode is the more suitable for supercapacitor electrodes.

Animal Manure as an Alternative Bioenergy Resource in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Present Insights, Challenges, and Prospects for Future Advancements

Energy availability is a pivotal driver in fostering sustainable socio-economic development. However, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) grapples with paradoxes headlined by abundant energy resources but with the world’s lowest access to clean energy index per capita. Faced with a lack of access to clean energy sources like electricity, rural areas in the majority of SSA countries almost exclusively depend on biomass-fuels, mostly fuelwood, leading to heightened respiratory health risks as well as environmental degradation and accelerated climate change. As an alternative, this review investigates the potential of animal manure as a sustainable energy resource for rural SSA households, emphasising its utilisation as a feedstock for biogas production using anaerobic digestor technology. Results show that despite the abundance of literature that reports on successes in lab-scale bioreactor optimisation, as well as successes in the initial rollout of biogas biodigester technology in SSA with the help of international collaborators, the actual uptake of biogas bioreactor technology by rural communities remains low, while installed bioreactors are experiencing high failure rates. Resultantly, rural SSA still lags significantly behind in the adoption of sustainable clean energy systems in comparison to rural communities in other regions. Among some of the hurdles identified as driving low technology assimilation are onerous policy requirements, low-level government involvement, high bioreactor-instalment costs, the lack of training and awareness, and water scarcity. Prospects for success lie in innovative technologies like the low-cost portable FlexiBiogas system and private–public partnerships, as well as flexible energy policy frameworks. Bridging the knowledge-implementation gap requires a holistic approach considering cultural, technological, and policy aspects.

An Asymmetric Approach to Evaluate Sectoral CO2 Emissions in Turkey

The increase in population and economic growth are significant factors that contribute to the deterioration of the environment, primarily through the emission of carbon pollutants. Therefore, the overuse of natural resources, degradation of natural ecosystems, and the increasing release of harmful gases poses a threat to our ability to protect the environment for future generations. Although there is a global agreement on the need for clean and carbon-free energy systems to achieve sustainable development, emerging countries persist in giving more priority to economic objectives rather than environmental preservation. The objective of this research was to explore strategies to mitigate sector-specific emissions and environmental deterioration in Turkey, where the enforcement of environmental regulations has proven to be inadequate. The connections between emissions from different sectors, the value contributed to the economy, the income per person, and the growth of human capital were examined in the research. The study's findings indicated that implementing policies to increase production and develop human capital are effective in the short term for reducing carbon emissions in the services sector. Over time, policies that priorities raising income levels and building up human capital have been proven to be successful. Analyses of strategies to reduce agricultural emissions reveal that implementing short-term investments in human capital and long-term revenue increases are successful policies to reduce emission levels in the industry. Regarding the industry, past levels of emissions in the immediate future exert a constraint on managing the present period's emission levels. Given the asymmetrical impacts, it is evident that people whose quality of life improves through investments in human capital are more likely to prioritize environmental sustainability and adopt practices that reduce emissions in production. Thus, it is evident that the enhancement of human capital may serve as a significant policy tool across all industries.

Fabrication and Development of Solar Powered Cart

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular due to their eco-friendliness and low operational costs. However, the use of fossil fuels to generate electricity to charge these EVs undermines their sustainability goals. Combining solar energy with EV charging can create a sustainable and clean transportation system, which can reduce our dependency on non-renewable energy sources. The overall objective of the project is to develop and fabricate an optimized, efficient solar powered electric cart charging with bi-directional smart inverter control that can be used on campus in transporting and carrying Stationery loads. Subsystems such as the frame, drive train, power, suspension, Brakes and Steering that are modeled and analyzed through quantitative methods are purchased and fabricated. The cart is fabricated as per its design for 250kg load carrying capacity, acceleration of 1.2 m/s2 and maximum achievable speed of 15km/h with a power rating of about 1.5kW. Secondary support software such as Excel, and solar analyzing software were used to assist in the planning of the various subsystems as well as data collection and assortment. The proposed model provides the IOT-based smart solar energy consumption analysis and control model by using solar photovoltaic micro grid. The proposed IOT design must meet product and process requirements. Key Words: Power optimization, golf cart, solar transport, Photovoltaic, Solar-powered, Emission Analysis, Environmental. Solar power.

Development and performance assessment of a novel multigeneration clean energy system based on biomass-LNG using a dynamic model and supervised learning algorithms

Combining process integration mechanisms with artificial intelligence (AI) can be used as a tool for maximum use of biomass capacity and energy production. This study proposes a continuous multi-generation hybrid energy production system based on biomass-LNG using the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) method. In this system, using the Gibbs free energy minimization approach, a process based on the fluidized bed gasifier was designed, which in addition to producing hydrogen and electricity from biomass, also produces liquid CO2 and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from liquid natural gas and limestone for the first time. This process was also examined from thermal (HHV) and thermodynamic (Exergy) standpoints. The simulation of the gasification unit was able to predict the percentage of exhaust gases from the gasifier with errors of RMSE = 3.8 and RMSE = 3.2 for almond shell and rice shell biomass, respectively. Following that, a dataset with more than 14 million records was generated. Then, machine learning methods were employed to investigate and improve the process's simulation characteristics. The evaluation of 15 machine learning algorithms in the construction of the predictive model showed that ANN, Extra Tree Regressor, and Random Forest are the most accurate algorithms in predicting the desired values (such as hydrogen, work, PCC, liquid CO2, exergy, and HHV) with R2 > 0.99. The dataset analysis showed that the current process could produce 130 kg/h of hydrogen, 375 kWh of work, 2600 kg/h of PCC, and 531 kg/h of liquid carbon dioxide on average. As a final step, a WPF desktop application was developed that simplifies the use of ML models so that the impact of changing the variables can easily be calculated.

The fate of leaked heavy metals in the urban environment under different persistence and precipitation scenarios

The use of tobacco will lead to the littering of a large number of filters, and the leakage of pollutants from them into the urban environment is a serious concern. The aim of this study was to analyze the leakage of heavy metals from filter and estimate the annual concentration of pollution leakage in different waste routes and different climatic conditions. The results showed that the highest and lowest density of filter in the studied urban environment were 0.51 and 0.01 number/m2, respectively. According to the estimated annual production of 306 million cigarette butts in the studied area, the leakage of the studied metals was estimated to be 401 g. The share of copper, chromium, and cadmium from the total leakage was 67%, 8.3%, and 1.88%, respectively. The leakage of studied metals in rainy conditions was 2.86 times more than sunny conditions. In different scenarios, the minimum and maximum annual leakage of metals were estimated 23,043 and 350,419 mg/year, respectively. Filters are a little but important source of heavy metal emission into the urban environment, the amount of pollution from which is affected by the consumers’ behavior and the efficiency of the urban cleaning system. Education on the correct disposal of filters and increasing the efficiency of the urban cleaning system will lead to a reduction in pollution caused by tobacco consumption.

Mechanisms and economics of a self-powered, automated, scalable solar PV surface cleaning system

PV module exposure to ambient environmental factors, such as dust deposits, have negative effects on the module's peak power (Pmax) and overall power conversion efficiency (η). In this study the ideal counter-acting force needed to remove adhered dust particles on PV modules is investigated. An automated self-cleaning system that uses fluid velocities to suspend adhered dust particles on the PV module surface at a reduced induced static charge induction is designed. The automated system produces lift and drag forces of 3.973 N and 4.563 N per square metre, respectively, which are strong enough to loosen stuck-on dust particles on solar PV surfaces. The model's net present value (NPV) of $ 2383.71 with a dynamic payback period of 1.95 years and profitability index of 1.78 indicate that the investment in the self-cleaning model is financially feasible even for small-scale installations.

The Role of the State Apparatus in Following Up on Indications of Corruption to Reduce Corruption Rates Case Study of Ogan Ilir Palembang

Corruption is a severe threat to the development of a country. The crucial role of the state apparatus in following up on indications of corruption to reduce corruption rates is the main focus of this paper, using a case study in Ogan Ilir, Palembang. This study investigates strategies and concrete steps the state apparatus takes in tackling the region's corruption. An in-depth analysis of the local situation reveals the importance of oversight and transparency in government institutions, ensuring accountability and preventing corrupt practices. Furthermore, efforts to strengthen the legal system and fair law enforcement play a crucial role in reducing corruption. This case study also highlights the active participation of the community in supporting efforts to eradicate corruption and raising awareness of the dangers of corruption for sustainable development. This analysis confirms the importance of integrity and ethics in the bureaucracy, which is the foundation for building a clean and corruption-free system. By strengthening the role of the state apparatus and supporting community participation, Ogan Ilir, Palembang, and other regions can step towards better change, reduce corruption, and create a more just and prosperous country for all its citizens.

Smart Vacuum Cleaning Robot

In today's fast-paced world, the demand for efficient and convenient household technologies continues to surge. Among these, smart vacuum cleaning robots have emerged as indispensable tools, promising automated cleaning solutions that integrate seamlessly into modern lifestyles. This abstract presents a comprehensive overview of a cutting-edge smart vacuum cleaning robot embedded system, featuring five key components for enhanced functionality. The system is anchored by an Arduino Nano-based model, leveraging the versatility and reliability of Arduino technology to orchestrate the robot's operations. Through a Bluetooth-operated interface facilitated by a dedicated mobile application, users can effortlessly control the robot's movements and cleaning schedules, offering unparalleled convenience and flexibility. Equipped with a dry vacuum cleaning system optimized for dust collection, the robot ensures thorough cleaning performance while minimizing maintenance hassles. Additionally, an ultrasonic sensor serves as a robust obstacle detector, enabling the robot to navigate intelligently and avoid collisions with furniture and other obstructions. Crucially, the entire system operates on a battery-powered module, granting the freedom to traverse various spaces without constraints imposed by traditional power sources. By synergizing these components, the proposed smart vacuum cleaning robot embedded system epitomizes the convergence of innovation and practicality, poised to revolutionize the landscape of home cleaning automation.

Research and application of bag filter system for railway ballast bed coal suction vehicles: An optimization and application study.

The current bag filter system used by railway ballast bed coal suction vehicles for cleaning coal dust from railway tunnels has low operational efficiency and generates significant volumes of dust. This paper describes a simulation test unit designed to enhance the dust removal performance in railway tunnels. The flow field inside the simulation test unit is investigated under different operating conditions through numerical simulations, and the variations in air volume and working resistance, total dust collection efficiency, and optimal operating parameters of a pulse cleaning system are identified through a series of experiments. The numerical results show that the pulse cleaning system does not significantly affect the uniformity of the flow field distribution at the bottom of the filter cartridge during the process of operation. The experimental research indicates that the simulation test unit satisfies the design requirements, achieving an average total dust removal efficiency of 99.93%. A field application shows that the total dust mass concentration at the operator position can be reduced from 335.8 mg∙m-3 to 4.2 mg∙m-3, effectively improving the operating environment within the tunnel.

Design and Development of Solar Powered Electric Cart for on Campus Application

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular due to their eco-friendliness and low operational costs. However, the use of fossil fuels to generate electricity to charge these EVs undermines their sustainability goals. Combining solar energy with EV charging can create a sustainable and clean transportation system, which can reduce our dependency on non-renewable energy sources. The overall objective of the project is to design an efficient solar powered electric cart that can be used on campus in transporting and carrying Stationery loads. This is accomplished through the design of subsystems such as the frame, drivetrain, power, suspension, Brakes and steering, and integrated into a master assembly model using soft wares namely SolidWorks, a computer aided design (CAD), and finite element method (FEM). The FEM analysis is carried out to study the stress and displacements of the cart in order to ensure the safety. The basic performance of cart is evaluated in terms of its range, acceleration and maximum achievable speed. The cart is designed for 250kg load carrying capacity, acceleration of 1.2 m/s2 and maximum achievable speed of 15km/h with a power rating of about 1.5kW. Secondary support software such as Excel, and solar analyzing software were used to assist in the planning of the various subsystems as well as data collection and assortment. Keywords : Solar / electric cart, electronic differential speed control, Lithium-ion battery, transportation, photovoltaic.

Perencanaan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih di Desa Teluk Melano Kecamatan Simpang Hilir Kabupaten Kayong Utara

The lack of access to clean water services had led a significant portion of the community in Teluk Melano Village to rely on river water and rainwater as their primary sources to meet their needs. Teluk Melano Village has the highest population in the Simpang Hilir District, Kayong Utara Regency. As of now, Teluk Melano Village does not have a Clean Water Supply System (BPAM). Therefore, a study was needed to meet the demand for clean water by conducting a Clean WaterTreatment Plant (IPA Bersih) Planning for Teluk Melano Village. This study aimed to design a clean water supply system with a planning period of the next 15 years (2023-2037). The method used involved primary data collection based on SNI 6989.57.2008 and SNI 8066:2015, and secondary data collection sourced from the Teluk Melano Village Monograph for the years 2020 and 2022. The total demand for clean water in Teluk Melano Village in 2037 would be 3.39 liters/second with a population of 1930 people. The results of the water quality test of the Melani River in this study showed that the parameters of E-coli, color, and pH, based on Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, Class1, on the Implementation and Management of the Environment, did not meet the standard quality requirements for clean water. The planned Water Treatment Plant (WTP) included a complete conventional treatment process, including coagulation using hydraulic type rapid mixing utilizing gravity on the waterfall, flocculation using vertical baffled channels, sedimentation using plate settlers to reduce turbidity, filtration using rapid sand filters with filter media consisting of quartz sand and support media consisting of gravel, disinfection using chemical disinfectant in the form of chlorine solution, neutralization using a dosing pump for the addition of lime, and the type of reservoir used is a ground reservoir.Keywords: clean water, Water Treatment Plant, Teluk Melano Village

AUTOMATIC SOLAR PANEL CLEANING SYSTEM

The exponential growth of solar energy as a renewable energy source emphasizes the importance of optimizing solar panel efficiency and maintenance. One critical challenge for solar cells is the impact of environmental factors, particularly the accumulation of dust and debris on panel surfaces. To solve this problem, our project introduces an automatic cleaning system for solar panels. offers a dual function of user-scheduled cleaning and intelligent automatic cleaning. In addition, the system has a vertical roller brush mechanism that ensures precise and efficient cleaning.The user-scheduled cleaning mode provides a flexible interface that allows users to customize cleaning schedules according to individual preferences and usage needs.Intelligent automatic cleaning mode marks a paradigm shift in solar panel maintenance. Using advanced sensors such as light sensors and a real-time clock, the system calculates the capacity of the solar panels in real time. This data-driven approach intelligently schedules cleaning cycles, dynamically adapting to actual maintenance needs. Light sensors measure the intensity of sunlight, while a real-time clock ensures accuracy and adapts cleaning processes to environmental and seasonal changes. .Key Words: Solar panel, cleaning,Scheduling,Sensor operation,Automatic.

Effect of manual cleaning system on urban pollution and litter management in developing areas

Litter is an important challenge in urban management, which is affected by the efficiency of the cleaning system. In this study, the efficiency of manual cleaning system in litter collection was evaluated by Clean Environment Index (CEI) in three land-uses. The results showed that in the study area, the density of litter was in the range of 0.011–0.736 number/m2. The cigarette butt was the most observed litter (0.183/m2). On average, 17% of the observed litter were plastic. Based on calculated CEI, all commercial areas were in a dirty or extremely dirty status, which included 40% of all areas. However, residential and recreational areas were in clean and very clean status, respectively. The average CEI in commercial, residential, and recreational areas was 22.59, 3.69, and 0.413, respectively. Although the efficiency of manual cleaning was suitable for residential and recreational areas, the pollution status in commercial areas showed the low efficiency of the manual cleaning system. Using alternative methods for commercial areas can improve the litter management.

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