Clean Micro Research Articles

Optimal Dispatching of Distributed Generation Cluster Systems Considering Multiply Optimization Objectives

In the trend of increasing energy shortages and environmental pollution, integrating clean micro sources as cluster systems has become the mainstream trend in the DG cluster system research field. In an effort to ensure the economy and environmental friendliness of Distributed Generation (DG) cluster systems, a multi-objective optimization scheduling model is established to minimize the operating and environmental costs of DG cluster systems. Based on a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm, this paper conducts a study on the capacity optimal configuration of wind turbines, photovoltaic generators, and energy storage devices. The model proposed in this paper is applied to analyse a DG cluster system in a rural area dominated by agriculture. The results show that the proposed model has a significant effect in reducing the operating and environmental costs of the DG cluster system.

Iodine analysis of foodstuffs samples using epithermal instrumental neutron activation analysis

Iodine is an essential element that has an important role in the proper growth and thyroid hormone functioning of humans. Iodine deficiency was correlated with the health status of human-caused by malnutrition. The analytical method to analyze the Iodine content on foodstuffs is limited because Iodine concentration exists in a level of a trace. 127I has a ratio of I 0 to s relatively high, and it is possible to obtain 128I (t1/2 = 24.5 minutes) using nuclear reaction with an epithermal neutron. Samples were collected at Magelang region, and it consists of foodstuffs that consumed by the citizen. All sample has been dried using Freeze dryer at-90 °C and 0.03 bar for 24-48 hours. After drying, the sample then pounded to get the form of granules smooth, about 100-150 mesh. About 40 to 130 mg of sample was weighed accurately on a clean micro vial of Polyethylene. Irradiation has been carried out at l5 MW reactor power using neutron epithermal for 45 seconds at the rabbit facility of GA. Siwabessy reactor. After cooling 5 to 10 minutes, the irradiated sample then counted for 300 seconds, and the gamma-ray spectra obtained emitted have been analyzed by Hyperlab software. Several standard reference materials of NIST have been used as analytical quality control. The experimental result shows that the Iodine has the Boron ratio, RB, and the Advantage factor, Fadv, equal to 2.4 and 21, respectively. Trace element of Iodine has been determined quantitatively on nine spices, seven types of meat, and 32 vegetables. The Iodine concentration on spices have average 1.57 ± 0.23 mg/kg with range value 0.38 mg/kg to 3.4 mg/kg. Iodine on vegetable have average of 2.00 ± 0.43 mg/kg with range value of 0.38 mg/kg to 7.30 mg/kg. Meanwhile, its concentration on meat has range 0.71 mg/kg to 2.16 mg/kg, with an average of 1.44 ± 0.28 mg/kg, lower than that on vegetables. Epithermal INAA is a reliable analytical technique for Iodine determination quantitatively.

Seedling Propagation of Kulo Chrysanthemum by Tissue Culture

Aims of this research were to get the right dosage of Plant Growth Regulkator (PGR) and Coconut Water (CW) for shoot multiplication of Kulo chrysanthemums. The study was conducted using a factorial design of three factors namely IAA (0.0; 0.5 and 1.0 ppm), BAP (0, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm) and coconut water (0.0 and 30%). The explants used were clean micro cuttings and were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The media was added IAA, BAP and coconut water. The result showed that the best shoot multiplication of Kulo chrysanthemums was the MS media using combination of 0.5 ppm and 1.0 of IAA, 0.5 ppm of BAP and 30% of coconut water. Good rooting was revealed by the combination of IAA 0.5 and 1 ppm with 30% coconut water and BAP 1 ppm and 30% coconut water.

Effect of Lifestyle Factors on Semen Quality

Effect of Lifestyle Factors on Semen Quality

Investigation on pressure drop evolution of fibrous filter operating in aerodynamic slip regime under continuous loading of sub-micron aerosols

The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate pressure drop and filtration efficiency of fibrous filters operating in aerodynamic slip regime under continuous loading of sub-micron aerosols. Test aerosol is sodium chloride (NaCl) particulates with electrical mobility diameter (EMD) ranging from 41 to 514 nm generated from atomization. Two types of non-woven filters composed of fibers with diameter 1.8 μm (micro-fibrous) and 300 nm (nano-fibrous) are tested. Most penetrating particle size (MPPS) of clean micro- and nano-fibrous filters are 203 and 103 nm EMD, respectively. Both of them have clean filter filtration efficiencies closely agree with Payet's model. Under continuous aerosol loading, MPPS of both types of filters shift to smaller size. A semi-empirical model is developed to describe pressure drop across a fibrous filter operating in aerodynamic slip regime under continuous loading of sub-micron aerosols. Experimental results of filters with thickness ranging from 1 × 10 −5 to 1 × 10 −4 m generally agree with this model. It shows the potential of extending the model to describe pressure drop across aerosol-loaded filter of increased thickness with non-uniform particle deposition across filter depth being taken into account. Although clean micro- and nano-fibrous filters have comparable pressure drop while nano- offers higher filtration efficiency against sub-micron aerosols, which may suggest it as an “absolutely better” filter, experimental results show that the mass holding capacity of nano-fibrous filter is lower than its micro-fibrous counterpart. Hence, it is essential to analyze loading behavior through quantitative model during filter design stage.

MEMS Rotary Engine Power System

This work presents a project overview and recent research results for the MEMS Rotary Engine Power System project at the Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center of the University of California at Berkeley. The research motivation for the project is the high specific energy density of hydrocarbon fuels. When compared with the energy density of batteries, hydrocarbon fuels may have as much as 20x more energy. However, the technical challenge is the conversion of hydrocarbon fuel to electricity in an efficient and clean micro engine. A 12.9 mm diameter Wankel engine will be shown that has already generated 4 Watts of power at 9300rpm. In addition, the 1mm and 2.4 mm Wankel engines that BSAC is developing for power generation at the microscale will be discussed. The project goal is to develop electrical power output of 90milliwatts from the 2.4 mm engine. Prototype engine components have already been fabricated and these will be described. The integrated generator design concept utilizes a nickel-iron alloy electroplated in the engine rotor poles, so that the engine rotor also serves as the generator rotor.

A Study on Precipitation in Clean Micro Alloyed Steels

Much attention has been devoted to develop the new generation of microalloyed steels in recent years to meet the needs of high performance and low cost for the 21st century. The new type of steels is characterized by reduced carbon content, improved cleanness and refined grain size through the phase transformations.11'21 Precipitation of the carbonitrides in the steels is also one of the keypoints for controlling mechanical properties of the steels.In the present work ultra-low carbon clean microalloyed steels, which contain 0.029∽0.047(wt)%C, 1.48∽1.54(wt)% Mn, 0.044∽0.052(wt)%Nb, 0.025∽0.044Ti(wt)%, 0.0015∽0.0020(wt)%B and 0.0045∽0.0070(wt)%N, were prepared in a vacuum induction furnace in laboratory. The contents of S and P of the steels are 0.0005(wt)% and 0.0010∽0.0024(wt)% respectively. Total amount of the impurity elements O, S, P and H in the steels is 0.0061∽0.0077%. Dominant component of the structure in both casting and as-forged samples is acicular ferrite or bainite.