Clean Environment Research Articles

Rapid management of Serratia marcescens outbreak in neonatology unit in Singapore: Risk factors and infection control measures

We describe the investigations for control of two consecutiveSerratia marcescensoutbreaks inneonatology unit of Singapore General Hospital. Epidemiological investigations, environmental sampling and risk-factors analysis were performed to guide infection control measures. Active surveillance sampling of nasopharyngeal aspirate and/or stool from neonates was conducted during both outbreaks. Whole-genome-sequencing was done to determine clonal links. Retrospective case-control study was conducted for second outbreak to identify risk factors for S marcescens acquisition. In 2022, two genetically unrelated S marcescens outbreaks were managed involving five neonates in March 2022 (outbreak 1) and eight neonates in November 2022 (outbreak 2). A link to positive isolates from sinks in intensive care units and milk preparation room was identified during outbreak 1. Neonatal jaundice (aOR, 16.46; p-value= 0.023) and non-formula milk feeding (aOR, 13.88; p-value= 0.02) were identified as risk factors during second outbreak. Multiple interventions adopted were cohorting of positive cases, carriage-screening, enhanced environmental cleaning, and emphasis on alcohol-based handrubs for hand-hygiene. The two outbreaks were likely due to infection prevention practices lapses and favourable environmental conditions. Nosocomial S marcescens outbreaks in neonatology units are difficult to control and require multidisciplinary approach with strict infection prevention measures to mitigate risk factors.

Development of a Framework to Improve the Provision of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Healthcare Facilities of Mwandi District in Western Province

Healthcare facilities (HCFs) require safe water, sanitation, hygiene, environmental cleaning, and waste management (WASH) in the provision of quality services to promote, restore, maintain, and improve health. However, the unavailability of studies on the challenges and opportunities of WASH services in HCFs of Mwandi District has limited the potential for improved health care and quality of life. Without proper elucidation, this has the potency to dissuade women from using HCFs for childbirth and healthcare, potentially increasing maternal mortality rates. To examine the challenges and opportunities in accessing safe WASH services in HCFs in Mwandi District, more of Qualitative techniques were utilized to gather data from 8 HCFs in Mwandi District. This involved initial observations employing the WASH Status Checklist, followed by focus group discussions with expectant mothers and 23 key informant interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The results showed that only half of the investigated facilities provided basic water services, hampered by water salinity issues. Even though most facilities had improved sanitation facilities, they, however, do not meet the basic sanitation standards. This was primarily due to issues such as corroded pipes, insufficient accessible toilets for people with disabilities, and the absence of menstrual hygiene facilities. Many facilities lacked gender-segregated staff facilities. Most of the facilities had functional hand hygiene facilities but also did not meet the basic standards due to a lack of soap for hand washing. A significant number encounter inefficiencies in cleaning protocols, and the majority face poor infrastructure conditions. The findings further revealed that these challenges stem from inadequate prioritization and funding for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) initiatives. The existing knowledge often concentrates on individual components, the findings stress the necessity for an integrated approach that collectively addresses water supply, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management. This holistic perspective can significantly contribute to the development of more effective guidelines and policies, offering a nuanced understanding of the interconnected nature of WASH components. Furthermore, the research sheds light on the pivotal role of localized political will, specifically highlighting the influence of Health Centre Advisory Committees (HAHC) in shaping governance at the community level, especially concerning WASH projects. The study offers a comprehensive overview of challenges and sustainability opportunities related to WASH services, crucial for their effective functioning. It emphasizes the necessity for heightened awareness and increased budget allocation for the sustainable maintenance of WASH services

Edukasi Pencegahan Ispa Dan Menciptakan Lingkungan Yang Sehat di Dusun 3 Batu Menyan Baru Desa Sukajaya Lempasing Kabupaten Pesawaran

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a disease that attacks the upper or lower respiratory tract, is usually contagious, and can range from asymptomatic disease and mild infection to severe disease and can cause disease. Environmental cleanliness means creating a healthy environment that is not susceptible to diarrhea, dengue fever, vomiting and various other diseases. This can be achieved by creating a clean, beautiful and comfortable environment. The aim of this activity is to increase respondents' knowledge regarding preventing ISPA and creating a healthy environment. It was found that respondents were very enthusiastic about listening to the material presented by the presenters. ISPA is an infection of the upper respiratory system caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. ISPA is easily transmitted through coughing or sneezing. One way to prevent the spread of ISPA is to create a healthy environment.

Assessing the Efficiency of Municipal Infrastructure - Case study in Vaaniyambadi Municipality, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract: This document discusses the evaluation of infrastructure facilities in Vaniyambadi, with the aim of improving the quality of life by addressing the issues and suggesting ways to enhance these facilities. The study focuses on physical infrastructure, including water supply, sewage and drainage, solid waste management, and electricity supply. It highlights the need for alternate water sources, additional pumping stations, and proper distribution of overhead water tanks to ensure equal access to water. It also emphasizes the importance of covering open drains, installing sewage treatment plants, and raising awareness about proper waste management to create a cleaner and healthier environment. Furthermore, the document addresses social infrastructure, particularly healthcare facilities and educational institutions. It suggests improvements such as increasing the number of beds and water supply in government hospitals, enhancing security systems in schools, and promoting collaboration between the community and municipal workers to maintain cleanliness. The document concludes by emphasizing the significance of infrastructure in driving economic and social development and the need for continuous improvement and modernization. Keywords: Municipal infrastructure, Physical infrastructure, Social infrastructure, Solid waste management , water supply

Optimizing Sustainability: Pemula Peternak Puyuh dan Inovasi Kompos Limbah Organik sebagai Pemacu Pertanian Berkelanjutan

The involvement of young quail farmers is essential for understanding their role in adopting practices such as composting quail manure. The participants in this Community Service activity are the younger generation, specifically the children of quail farmers in Grinting Village. This approach aims to cultivate environmentally conscious and committed young quail farmers dedicated to sustainable farming practices. The Community Service method is divided into three components: (1) Providing Insight on the Importance of Quail Livestock Waste Management for Young Beginner Farmers, (2) Composting Practice with Quail Manure, and (3) Completing the Compost Understanding Questionnaire. During this Community Service activity, straightforward yet easily comprehensible discussion material was presented on the preparation of young quail farmers. Their practical involvement in quail farming needs enhancement to foster a more comprehensive understanding. The primary focus is on establishing a fundamental understanding of quail farming as an economic potential, with a particular emphasis on ethical responsibility regarding livestock waste management, encompassing both manure and feed residues. The severe consequences of ineffective waste management are elucidated, including the impact of pollution on water and air, as well as associated health risks and economic losses. Awareness of the importance of adhering to environmental regulations is emphasized for the sustainability and safety of livestock. Technical solutions, such as optimal cage design and composting, are recommended to achieve a clean environment and enhance livestock productivity. Active participation of prospective farmers in waste management practices and collaboration with fellow farmers are strongly encouraged. Additional resources, in the form of guides and visual materials, are provided to support the implementation of these concepts

Edukasi Lingkungan Bersih dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Tong Sampah Berbahan Limbah Plastik Bagi Santri TPQ Se Desa Sukoharjo Kediri

Islam is very concerned about cleanliness so that a Muslim should keep himself, his clothes, and his environment clean. In reality, cleanliness is still a problem that we need to pay attention to. The research approach used in this research is the PAR or Participatory Action Research method. Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative approach that integrates methods and techniques of observing, documenting, analyzing and interpreting the characteristics, patterns, attributes and meanings of the human phenomenon under study. PAR is a collaborative process between research, education and action, including in Islamic Education Institutions, one of which is TPQ which will be used as a research site is TPQ Shirotul Jannah which is located in the hamlet of Puhrejo Sukoharjo village, Kayen Kidul sub-district. Based on the researcher's experience, there is still a lot of garbage scattered in the yard, and the recitation room is dirty and dusty. Based on this, we held a "Clean Environment Education and Training on Making Plastic Waste-Based Trash Bins for Santri Tpq Se Sukoharjo Kediri Village." on August 10, 2023 at TPQ Shirotul Jannah Puhrejo brought a little impact of change, namely the availability of trash bins, awareness of TPQ students about maintaining cleanliness as well as throwing garbage in its place increased and there were slogans about maintaining cleanliness in the TPQ environment.

Study of Malaria Vector Control Efforts in Balasuna Village, Kaledupa District Wakatobi District

The number of malaria cases in Southeast Sulawesi, especially Wakatobi Regency is still high. This study aims to determine the description of efforts to control the Malaria Vector in Balasuna Kaledupa District, Wakatobi Regency. This type of research is analytic research with a descriptive approach. The population in this study was 418 households with a total sample of 72 households. Analysis of the data used is univariate analysis. The results showed that malaria vector control efforts in Balasuna Village, Kaledupa Subdistrict, Wakatobi Regency, were less than 43 (59.7%) of the use of Wire Nets and 29 (40.3%) respondents were sufficient, the use of anti-mosquito drugs was 42 (58.3) %) people and less than 30 (41.7%) people, the use of mosquito nets is 41 (56.9%) people and less than 31 (43.1%) people, less abating than 44 (61.1%) people and enough 28 (38.9%) people, and making 3M efforts showed that there were enough 39 (54.2%) and 33 (45.8%) less people. Suggestions are to increase community empowerment in preventing and controlling vectors by arranging a clean environment and healthy living behavior

Equestrian Sport and Its Role in the Development of Tourism in Georgia

The article discusses the general characterization of the equestrian direction, in particular the variety of equestrian sports and its involvement in the development of equestrian tourism in Georgia. The article briefly and well presents the history of equestrian sports and the involvement of aboriginal breeds in the development of tourism in Georgia, where the creation of workplaces and employment of people is also included, which is beneficial for the country in the economic sphere. The article also focuses on the establishment of the main link called horse breeding, where only highly qualified livestock specialists should be employed, who will contribute to the revival of equestrian tourism by creating conditions for the care and nutrition of the generation of horses obtained as a result of selective work and using breeding methods. It should be noted that equestrian tourism is a widespread form, which represents a harmonious relationship between man and horse in an ecologically clean environment. It should be noted the fact that the development of equestrian tourism has been developed on a large scale. In particular, new routes have appeared, and Tomel allows tourists to get to know the natural beauty of Georgia. Keywords: horse riding, equestrian sports, equestrian games, vision, triathlon, show jumping, racing, galloping, riding, horse racing, Nizak, Papakh-Ionu, rodeo, Isindi, pumpkin.

Garbage Collection Android Application

Abstract: The "Android Garbage Collection Application" stands as an innovative solution tailored for Android devices, with the objective of revolutionizing waste management in smart cities. Conventional waste collection methods frequently result in missed pickups, litter accumulation, and potential public health risks. This project harnesses seamless integration with Firebase to create a user-friendly Android app. It provides real-time notifications to residents as garbage collection trucks approach their locations. A central feature of this app is its live tracking system, enabling users to monitor the precise location of the garbage truck in real-time. Additionally, it offers estimated arrival times, effectively reducing waiting times for residents and optimizing the waste collection process. What truly sets this application apart is its focus on community engagement. By actively involving residents in the waste management process, it encourages shared responsibility and cooperation among city dwellers, fostering a cleaner environment and ensuring timely and efficient waste collection. Furthermore, this project serves as a testament to the transformative power of modern technology in enhancing traditional municipal services. It exemplifies how integrating cuttingedge technology can effectively address longstanding challenges and enhance the quality of life for residents in smart cities. The scalability and adaptability of this application make it a valuable asset for optimizing waste management in various urban settings. Its data analytics capabilities provide city officials with valuable insights, enabling more informed decision-making and a proactive approach to waste management

Smart Wet and Dry Waste Management System Using IoT

Abstract: Waste management is one of the important aspects when it comes to avoiding diseases caused by unsegregated waste. Many people have lesser knowledge about what is wet and dry waste. The escalating global waste generation hasled to a pressing need for innovative waste management solutions that are efficient, sustainable, and technologically advanced. This abstract introduces a "Smart Dry and Wet Waste Management System" that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) to revolutionize waste management practices. Traditional waste management systems often lack real-time monitoring and optimization capabilities, resultingin inefficiencies, environmental concerns, and increased operational costs. The proposed system aims to address these challenges by integrating IoT technologies, sensor networks, and data analytics into waste collection and disposal processes.The main objective is to automate the segregation system thereby removing the human intervention. The hardware components such as Arduino, sensors, LCD are used to build the system. The integration of IoT in waste management contributes to a cleaner environment, reduced operational costs, and increased overall efficiency. By preventing overflows, minimizing unnecessary collection trips, and promoting recycling practices, the system aligns with sustainable waste management goals. Moreover, the collected data can be analyzed over time to identify longterm trends, enabling continuous optimization of waste management strategies..

IMPLEMENTING LEAN MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES TO OPTIMIZE HEALTHCARE FACILITY OPERATIONS

This article explores the implementation of Lean management principles to optimize operations in healthcare facilities. Lean management, a philosophy made famous by the Toyota Motor Company, focuses on continuous improvement and the elimination of waste to maximize quality and safety for patients. The primary objective of this paper is to examine how Lean tools and techniques can be adapted to the unique environment of healthcare institutions to enhance their productivity and service quality. The article begins by outlining the core principles of Lean management, emphasizing the importance of value stream mapping, Kaizen, and the 5S methodology. Value stream mapping helps identify and visualize the flow of materials and information required to bring a product or service to a consumer, which in healthcare translates to patient care processes. Kaizen, a practice of continuous improvement, encourages small, incremental changes that collectively lead to significant enhancements in efficiency and quality. The 5S methodology—Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain—ensures a clean, organized, and efficient work environment. The paper then delves into specific Lean practices that can be applied within healthcare settings, such as reducing patient wait times, improving the flow of patients and information, and minimizing unnecessary movements and processes. By focusing on these areas, healthcare facilities can reduce bottlenecks, streamline operations, and enhance patient care delivery. For instance, implementing Lean techniques in patient scheduling can lead to more efficient use of clinical resources and reduce the time patients spend waiting for services. Furthermore, the paper provides a critical review of existing literature and studies on the application of Lean management in healthcare, highlighting successful implementations and the challenges faced during the process. It discusses real-world examples where Lean management has significantly improved operational efficiency, patient satisfaction, and overall healthcare outcomes. For example, a hospital that adopted Lean principles reported reduced patient wait times, lower operational costs, and improved staff morale. The article also addresses the potential obstacles and resistance to change that healthcare facilities might encounter when adopting Lean principles. It offers strategic recommendations for overcoming these barriers, including leadership commitment, staff training, and fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Leadership commitment is crucial as it sets the tone for organizational change and ensures that the necessary resources are allocated for Lean initiatives. Staff training is essential to equip employees with the skills and knowledge required to implement Lean practices effectively. Fostering a culture of continuous improvement involves engaging staff at all levels, encouraging open communication, and recognizing and rewarding contributions to Lean projects. In conclusion, the paper argues that Lean management principles, when effectively implemented, can lead to substantial improvements in the operational performance of healthcare facilities. It calls for further research and collaboration between healthcare professionals and Lean management experts to tailor these practices to the specific needs of the healthcare sector. The successful integration of Lean management into healthcare operations not only enhances efficiency and reduces waste but also improves patient care quality and safety. By adopting Lean principles, healthcare facilities can create a more efficient, patient-centered environment that supports high-quality care delivery. This article highlights the importance of a systematic approach to implementing Lean management, considering the unique challenges and opportunities within the healthcare sector. It underscores the need for ongoing evaluation and adaptation of Lean practices to ensure sustained improvements and long-term success.

Pengalaman Pasien dalam Pemanfaatan Layanan Rawat Jalan di Poliklinik Bedah RSUD S. K. Lerik Kota Kupang

Patient experience is a valuable experience evaluation of a person's satisfaction with processes and services from the patient's perspective. Based on Google user reviews regarding RSUD S. K. Lerik, Kupang City, some complained about poor online registration, long waiting times which resulted in a patient suffering from gastric disease having to be treated in the ER unit. Initial observations on 15-17 November 2022 revealed that there was a delay in service. This study aims to explore the experiences of outpatients regarding services at the S. K. Lerik Regional Hospital, Kupang City. This research is of a qualitative type with a phenomenological research model. There were eight informants in this study who were taken using purposive sampling techniques. The results of research on seven aspects, namely access, patient feelings, treatment, attitudes of health workers, support, obstacles and hopes, show two categories of experience. First, the experience that is categorized as good is easy access to facilities, a clean and safe environment, good communication between medical personnel and patients, medical personnel always maintain hand hygiene, fast examination times, patients receive emotional support. Second, experiences that were categorized as poor were BPJS patients buying infusion fluids and gauze at their own expense, patient communication with inpatient staff was poor, TVs were not used, waiting times were long, and services did not start on time. It is hoped that RSUD S. K Lerik, Kupang City can improve the quality of service for a better patient experience when utilizing health services.

Assessing Worker and Pedestrian Exposure to Pollutant Emissions from Sidewalk Cleaning: A Comparative Analysis of Blowing and Jet Washing Techniques

Sidewalk cleaning operations are essential to maintaining a clean and safe urban environment. Despite their vital role, these activities, particularly the blowing of road dust, can lead to the resuspension of road dust and associated pollutants, which poses risks to human health and the environment. While the role of blowers on particulate matter resuspension has been investigated, there is limited information on emitted bioaerosols. This study aimed to compare the occupational exposure of operators and passersby during sidewalk cleaning using two manual methods—blowing and jet washing—in two distinct urban environments. The study focused on metal road traffic tracers (copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb)) and cultivable/non-cultivable microorganisms. We showed that blowing resuspends inhalable particles containing metals (Cu, Zn, and Mn, but not Cd or Pb) and bioaerosols (fungi and Gram-negative bacteria) throughout the year. This represents an important source of exposure for the blower operators and poses a potential long-term respiratory health risk for them. Operators working in cabs are shielded from such exposure, but passersby, especially vulnerable populations, may be at risk. While jet washing reduces operator exposure to Gram-negative bacteria in comparison to blowing, it does not mitigate fungal exposure, particularly in vegetated sites. These findings underscore the necessity for the implementation of effective protective measures and the development of alternative cleaning methods to mitigate exposure risks.

A DFT Study of CO Hydrogenation on Graphene Oxide: Effects of Adding Mn on Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis

The hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (CO) offers a promising avenue for reducing air pollution and promoting a cleaner environment. Moreover, by using suitable catalysts, CO can be transformed into valuable hydrocarbons. In this study, we elucidate the mechanistic aspects of the catalytic conversion of CO to hydrocarbons on the surface of manganese-doped graphene oxide (Mn-doped GO), where the GO surface includes one OH group next to one Mn adatom. To gain insight into this process, we have employed calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) to explore both the thermodynamic properties and reaction energy barriers. The Mn adatoms were found to significantly activate the catalyst surface by providing stronger adsorption geometries. Our study concentrated on two mechanisms for CO hydrogenation, resulting in either CH4 production via the reaction sequence CO → HCO → CH2O → CH2OH → CH2 → CH3 → CH4 or CH3OH formation through the CO → HCO → CH2O → CH2OH → CH3OH pathway. The results reveal that both products are likely to be formed on the Mn-doped GO surface on both thermodynamic grounds and considering the reaction energy barriers. Furthermore, the activation energies associated with each stage of the synthesis show that the conversion reactions of CH2 + OH → CH3 + O and CH2O + OH → CH2OH + O with energy barriers of 0.36 and 3.86 eV are the fastest and slowest reactions, respectively. The results also indicate that the reactions: CH2OH + OH → CH2 + O + H2O and CH2OH + OH → CH3OH + O are the most exothermic and endothermic reactions with reaction energies of −0.18 and 1.21 eV, respectively, in the catalytic pathways.

International Law Review Of Space Debris Mitigation Efforts

Space debris has become an increasingly pressing issue in space exploration and utilization. This article conducts a comprehensive review of aspects of international law relating to space debris mitigation efforts. This research analyzes existing legal frameworks, including relevant multilateral treaties and international legal principles related to the space environment. With a focus on the principles of shared responsibility and avoidance of damage to the space environment, the study identifies key challenges in managing space junk and reducing the risk of collisions in earth orbit. An in-depth analysis of the role of national space agencies and international organizations in implementing mitigation measures was also carried out. In the context of international cooperation, this article evaluates existing collaborative efforts and proposes new measures to improve the effectiveness of space debris mitigation. A better understanding of legal responsibility and burden-sharing in addressing these issues became a central point in the study. By analyzing recent developments in space law and international environmental regulations, this article provides insight into the direction the global community might take in addressing future space debris mitigation challenges. It is hoped that this research can provide guidance for policymakers, academics, and legal practitioners in their efforts to maintain a clean and sustainable space environment.

Facile green synthesis of α-Bi2O3 nanoparticles: Its photocatalytic and electrochemical sensing of lead and ascorbic acid

In the field of industrial waste treatment, there is a growing need for innovative approaches to combat environmental issues effectively. In this study, bismuth oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a cost-effective and environmentally friendly green combustion method. Following synthesis, standard characterization techniques were employed to reveal the properties of the α-Bi2O3 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated an average crystalline size of ∼29.5 nm, while scanning electron microscopy provided insights into their morphology. Evaluation of the photo-catalytic degradation efficiency of α-Bi2O3 nanoparticles using methylene blue dye as the test substrate showed promising results, with efficiencies of 83 %, 89 %, and 91 % achieved under varying conditions of dye concentration, catalyst load, and pH. Furthermore, electrochemical analyses were conducted using lead nitrate and ascorbic acid, exploring concentrations ranging from 0.1 mM to 0.6 mM. Through cyclic voltammograms and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the specific capacitance of the electrode and the sensing capabilities of the nanoparticles were examined. These comprehensive analyses not only highlighted the photo-catalytic capabilities of α-Bi2O3 nanoparticles but also demonstrated their potential in electrochemical applications, indicating their versatility in addressing diverse environmental challenges. The meticulous exploration and characterization efforts aim to advance sustainable waste treatment methods, contributing to a cleaner and healthier environment.

Lateral effects of infection prevention measures during COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection

Background: Systematic surveillance of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in our institution showed a reduction in the incidence of healthcare associated CDI (HA-CDI) during COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: Our objective was to search for factors related to this reduction. Methods: We retrospectively studied the trend of the incidences of HA-CDI, Multidrug Resistant (MDR) organisms, total antibiotic and chlorine consumptions as well as the influence of the last two on the incidence of HA-CDI. Results: During COVID-19 pandemic, the HA-CDI incidence was reduced with respect to the previous years, although total antibiotic consumption was found to increase ( p < .01). MDR organisms’ incidence was found to increase ( p < .01), as well as the chlorine consumption ( p = .04) which was the only factor to be related to the decreased rates of HA-CDI (r = −0.786, p < .05). Discussion: In our institution, COVID-19 epidemic overlapped with the reduction in the HA-CDI’s incidence. This could be due to faithful compliance with the contact precaution measures but then, we would expect the incidence of MDR organisms to decrease as well. Chlorine usage for environmental cleaning was generalized during pandemic. It was the only factor to be related to the decreased rates of HA-CDI, highlighting the importance of environmental cleaning as a measure for HA-CDI prevention.

Successful Implementation of SDG'S Concept in Citra Raya Tangerang Housing

Citra Raya Tangerang is an area developed by the Ciputra Group since 1994; since 2011, Citra Raya Tangerang has implemented the EcoCulture concept, which is expected to turn residents into a green community that cares about a clean environment. The EcoCulture concept has similarities with sustainable development or SDGs, which aims to eradicate poverty, improve prosperity and care for the planet Earth. 17 (seventeen) achievements are used as indicators of achieving sustainable development. To achieve these 17 (seventeen) achievements cannot be done alone; collaboration between various parties is needed to achieve these goals. Citra Raya Tangerang, by implementing the EcoCulture concept since 2011, has succeeded in achieving seven goals out of 17 indicators of sustainable development. The achievements that Citra Raya Tangerang has made are number 3. Good Health and Well-Being, 6. Clean Water and Sanitation, 7. Affordable and Clean Energy, 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth, 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities, 12. Responsible Consumption and Protection, 13. Climate Action. The achievement of these seven indicators was not carried out by Citra Raya Tangerang alone but involved several other stakeholders. This stakeholder consistency applies the things that are part of this indicator so that the prepared plan can run well. Residents who consistently sort waste, local governments who provide support and other third parties who collaborate to achieve this goal. Citra Raya Tangerang management continues to strive to provide the best service to its residents. The effect of this collaboration means that sustainable development goals can be achieved gradually.

Hybrid Whale-fish swarm algorithm to optimize disassembly line balancing problem

The disassembly of waste products positively affects the environment, reduces the risk of environmental pollution, reduces the risk of spreading dangerous parts to the life of living entities, and provides the continuity of life on this planet. This research aims to contribute to the aforementioned of maintaining a clean environment by developing algorithms that help solve the problems of dismantling waste products and polluting the environment. In previous literature, researchers developed algorithms for artificial fish, improved artificial fish, and artificial whales to search for solutions with higher evidence instead From the local evidence,in this paper the artificial fish algorithm has been hybridized with the artificial whale algorithm for the purpose of developing solutions, and this method depends on the artificial fish flock first searching for food and here representing global solutions and avoiding predating traps (hooks with trap food), and after finding a flock The artificial swarm is the real food. The artificial whale sends bubbles to collect the swarm of artificial fish in the place of global high solutions, and gets them at once. The proposed algorithm was compared with the algorithms in the previous literature, and the results were as follows: Workstation was decreased by 0.5% to 22.2%, idle time was reduced by 82.5% to 84.0%, the demand index was reduced by 15% to 24.2%, and the hazardous index was reduced by 1.7% to 3.4%.

Influence of Ceramic Wastes as a Recycled Coarse Aggregate with Different Maximum Sizes on the Concrete

Background Natural raw resources needed for concrete construction are continuously being depleted as a result of infrastructure development that is increasing. As a result, waste material substitutes are highly favored because they adopt a sustainable strategy. Objective In this study, the possibility of substituting natural coarse aggregates with coarse aggregate made from ceramic wall tiles with three different maximum aggregate sizes (12.5, 19, and 25 mm) in three partial replacement levels of natural coarse aggregate by (25, 50, and 75%) was investigated. Methods Concrete's hardened density, compressive and splitting tensile strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity, water absorption, and volume of permeable pores were all tested experimentally. Results Results indicated that with the increment of the maximum aggregate size, each of the hardened densities, the compressive and splitting tensile strengths and the rate of water absorption diminished while pulse velocity enhanced, regardless of the substitution rate of ceramic aggregate. However, for all maximum aggregate sizes, the mixture containing 25% ceramic coarse aggregate showed a small improvement in mechanical properties. Compared to the reference mixture, which had compressive strengths of 29.31, 38.73, and 47.13 MPa at 7, 28, and 90 days for the 12.5 mm maximum aggregate size, the improvement ratios were 8.9%, 3.7%, and 2.7% at 7, 28, and 90 days, respectively. Moreover, because of increased heterogeneity, internal bleeding, and the development of microcracks in the larger coarse aggregate sizes, concrete with lower ceramic coarse aggregate sizes has a stronger bond than that of the latter. Results also indicated that the mechanical performance of concrete mixtures having ceramic aggregate slightly improved with 25% ceramic coarse aggregate, then lowered in the mixtures with 50% and 75%, consecutively, at all ages. Concrete using ceramic aggregate displays a poor transition zone because of the improper binding between the paste and the coarse ceramic aggregate caused by the aggregate's porcelain texture. Additionally, the water absorption of concrete mixtures containing ceramic aggregate increased with the increase in the percentage of ceramic coarse aggregate. Conclusion The employing of ceramic waste aggregate was shown to contribute to sustainable development and a cleaner environment by producing sustainable concrete from the recycling of ceramic wastes. Each of the hardened density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption of concrete mixtures decreased and the pulse velocity enhanced as the maximum aggregate size increased. The mechanical properties decreased at all ages in the mixtures containing 50 and 75% of the aggregate, whereas they slightly increased in the mixture containing 25% of the aggregate.