Classroom Hours Research Articles

Использование мультимодальных текстов для развития навыков говорения на русском языке у китайских студентов

Introduction. In the context of the development of cooperation between Russia and China, the importance of communication as a means of interethnic, intercultural and interpersonal communication is increasing. The search and creation of didactic tools for the more successful development of Chinese students' speaking skills in Russian, which are communicatively significant and difficult to master, are urgent tasks. The purpose of this article is to describe the extralinguistic causes of difficulties in developing the Russian speaking skills of Chinese students and to reveal the linguodidactic potential of multimodal texts for teaching speaking in Russian. Research methods include theoretical analysis, pedagogical observation and generalization of pedagogical experience. Results. The authors of the article identify as extralinguistic reasons for difficulties in developing skills among Chinese students: the isolation of textbooks from modern communication practice, a limited number of classroom hours, the written form of passing exams in Russian at Chinese universities, excessive dependence of students on translation programs and low motivation to speak. The authors conclude that the use of multimodal texts motivate students to speak in Russian by mobilizing various channels of information, topical issues, background information about Russian culture and creating a more relaxed and natural atmosphere in the classroom. Scientific novelty. The linguodidactic potential of using multimodal texts for the development of speaking skills is revealed. Practical significance. The use of multimodal texts will help the teacher to improve the level of Russian speaking skills of Chinese students, especially in the absence of a language environment.

DEVELOPING MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL) MATERIALS TO LEARN DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS

The current study aimed to develop MALL materials for descriptive texts to support students’ learning outside classroom hours as supplementary materials. The researcher applied the ADDIE model to carry out the research. The study participants were 17 students of SMPN 4 Satu Atap Sejangkung. Students used the developed product outside school hours as supplementary materials to support what they have learned at school. Interviews for students’ needs and opinions and experts’ judgments were used to collect the research data. The study revealed the students’ needs for MALL materials, the MALL materials were applicable according to the experts, and students had positive opinions towards the MALL materials. Overall, the study was successful in developing MALL materials as supplementary materials to support 7th-grade students of SMPN 4 Satu Atap Sejangkung in learning descriptive texts.

Classroom-Based Experiential Learning: Experiences from Kosovo Primary Schools

Background: Studies show that key significant variables related to effectiveness of teaching and learning are students' attitudes towards learning, teacher competencies and teaching methodologies applied (Riera et. al, 2023; Glazier & Bean, 2019; Mulala, 2015; Amirtha & Jebaseelan, 2015). Purpose: To explore changes in primary student attitudes towards learning pre- and post-implementation of a curriculum based on experiential learning methodology. Furthermore, the study also measured specific pre-service teacher variables (perceived self-efficacy, motivation, and power) pre and post implementation of experiential learning methodology. Methodology/ Approach: The study followed a carefully designed intervention, using comparison groups pre/post study design to compare outcomes of the groups before and after the study. The study was conducted with a sample of 856 fifth-grade students, and 30 pre-service teachers. Findings/ Conlusions: Results indicated that there were significant increases in positive attitudes of students in intervention group classes. Results also indicate higher motivation for engagement in the teaching process of intervention group pre-service teachers compared to control group pre-service teachers and a significant increase in perceived power during classroom hours for intervention group pre-service teachers from the pre-test to the post-test phase. Implications: The implications of this research extend to other educational systems, as incorporating hands-on practical experiences in teacher education programs results in capable teachers committed to lifelong learning and creation of positive learning environments, and incorporating experiential learning methodologies can enhance student engagement, positive attitudes and motivation to learn and excel academically.

USING THE BOOMERANG TECHNOLOGY IN CONDUCT OF CLASSROOMS IN INVARIANT METHOD TO HIGH CLASS STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY SCHOOLS

In this article, special attention is paid to the issues of morally and morally mature education of high school students. The specific features of organizing class hours in an invariant way, as well as the advantages of using innovative educational technologies in the educational process, were explained to high school students. Pedagogical principles of organizing the process using the Boomerang technology were presented to upper class students during invariant classroom hours. The main organizers of the educational process in general schools are class leaders and their role in organizing invariant class hours based on innovative educational technologies.

Analisis Upaya Guru dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi dan Numerasi Peserta Didik di SD Negeri Gemah

Literacy and numeracy education in Indonesia requires substantial attention from primary education through to higher education to support global economic progress. Although the 2013 Curriculum is designed to enhance literacy culture, Indonesia still faces significant challenges, including low literacy rates and a lack of understanding of the issue in various regions. This study seeks to investigate and examine the role of teachers in enhancing literacy and numeracy skills at SD Negeri Gemah, focusing on the teaching strategies employed and the challenges encountered. Employing a qualitative approach and case study design, this research includes detailed interviews, participant observations, and document analysis, involving six classroom teachers as participants. The study's findings reveal that educators at Gemah State Elementary School employ a range of literacy and numeracy teaching strategies, including shared reading, group discussions, digital media, and both Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Project-Based Learning (PJBL) methods to improve numeracy skills.. The main challenges faced include the transition from kindergarten to elementary school, difficulties in reading and arithmetic, lack of student interest, and differences in students' abilities. Proposed solutions include collaboration with teachers of other subjects, the use of diverse learning media, parental support, and providing additional learning opportunities outside of classroom hours. The study concludes that diverse teaching approaches and comprehensive support are essential in improving students' literacy and numeracy skills. By implementing an integrated solution, it is hoped that SD Negeri Gemah can overcome existing challenges and better prepare students for higher education.

Potential of students' independent work for improving the quality of knowledge in physics in the context of reduced classroom hours

Introduction. Currently, the higher education system is experiencing a reduction in classroom hours in favor of increased share of students' independent work. Therefore, the scientific and methodological problem of organizing extracurricular independent work of students in physics without losing the quality of education is relevant. Objective: within the framework of theoretical and experimental research, to develop and test methodological techniques for organizing independent educational activities of students for mastering general physics at a university while maintaining the specificity of physics as an experimental science, and to provide recommendations for correcting the educational process at the university. Methodology and methods. The study was conducted at FSBEI HE Vyatka State University (Russia). Three groups of second-year students took part in the pedagogical experiment (total sample was 180 people). Methods of experimental research were: written survey, element-by-element analysis of students' work, statistical processing of results (φ* – Fisher's angular transformation). Independent work of students in the experimental group was organized using specially designed and selected tasks aiming to master knowledge and key skills in teaching physics. It also aimed to compensate for classroom laboratory work; therefore it contained creative tasks that boost students' activities and help master symbolic physical thinking. Results. The experimental group showed statistically significant results in mastering subject knowledge and a number of experimental skills on a par with the group of students whose classroom workload was a third higher due to the laboratory practical training. At the same time, the experimental group showed the best results in mastering the skills of visual representation and description of phenomena (φ* = 5.187; p < 0.05) due to the orientation of the controlled independent work, including formation of symbolic physical thinking. Conclusion. The proposed methodological ideas for organizing independent activities of students focused on direct work with signs (pictures, texts, diagrams, models) contribute to maintaining the quality of students' knowledge in the conditions of reduced classroom load but do not solve a number of skills formation problems that develop when a full-scale physical experiment is conducted. The results of the study can be useful for doctoral students, postgraduate students, and university teachers.

The Impact of Mobile Seamless Learning Strategies and Digital Literacy on Students' Concept Mastery in Islamic Education Courses

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Mobile Seamless Learning Strategy and digital literacy on students' concept mastery in Islamic Education. The growing development of science, along with social, cultural, and economic growth, demonstrates the positive direction of technology and information development in Indonesia. However, the disconnection between formal and non-formal education has created a lack of coherence among educators, making it difficult for students to master learning concepts. Limited classroom hours necessitate alternative solutions, such as the Mobile Seamless Learning Strategy, which bridges in-school and out-of-school education through digital media. Digital literacy is also considered a critical factor in this process. The research method employed is a literature study, gathering relevant data from books, journals, dictionaries, magazines, and other sources without the need for field research. The findings suggest that this approach can significantly enhance students' understanding of learning material, contributing to the achievement of educational goals.

Methodological aspects of professionally-oriented mathematics education for students of technical university

This paper examines the problems of teaching mathematics at a technical university in the context of new educational standards. In the context of studying this discipline, the curriculum of the bachelor’s degree 12.03.01 Instrument Engineering is analyzed, focusing on the current Federal State Educational Standard of higher education. The study of this discipline is aimed at the formation of both general professional and professional, as well as universal competencies. At the same time, a comparison of two generations of standards (current and previous) of higher education in the chosen field of study made it possible to establish the transfer of a significant number of classroom hours to independent work of students. The established fact necessitates the introduction of modern methods, forms and conditions of the organization into the learning process. The study was conducted on the basis of Samara State Technical University. The aim of the study is to determine the pedagogical conditions for the organization of the educational process, which make it possible to more effectively prepare students of a technical university for future professional activity. The pedagogical conditions were developed taking into account the orientation of the learning process towards digitalization, the introduction of information technologies, the development of financial literacy of students, as well as the activation of their independent activities and cognitive interest. The article presents the implementation of these conditions in the educational process of Samara State Technical University.

Use of multimedia devices in pediatric age: risks or advantages? A survey in an Italian center.

Nowadays children live in a digital world, exposed to relevant risks for their health and safety. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of multimedia devices in a sample of children and adolescents. The study was performed between November 2018 and June 2019 in a third-level University Hospital, recruiting children and adolescents during general or specialistic follow-up visits. Anonymous, age-specific, questionnaires were distributed to 500 children and adolescents and 370 parents. Among children, 25 (17.1%) had their own mobile device, of which 84% Italian. The 54.1% of them uses multimedia devices half an hour/an hour per day and many of them (37.5% of Italian and 40% of foreign) use it without their parents' control. Most of adolescents had a mobile phone since the age of 10-12 years old. WhatsApp (Meta Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA) is the most used social network, followed by Instagram and Facebook. The use of multimedia devices was widespread between teenagers during classroom hours, meals and before sleeping and they are an important mean for cyberbullying. In addition, in the 29.9% of cases there is no correspondence between information given by parents and respective sons/daughters. This study shows more risks than advantages derived from the use of multimedia devices in children and adolescents. Therefore, it is essential to educate them about their correct and responsible use.

Impact of the Double-Reduction Policy on Middle School Students Study

This study explores the impact of the Double-Reduction Policy on middle school students' study habits, academic performance, and overall wellbeing. The policy aims to reduce academic stress by decreasing homework load and classroom hours. Through this research, we examine the diverse effects that this policy has on students' perceptions and experiences. The majority of students see the policy favourably; they report lower levels of stress, better sleep habits, and more free time for extracurricular activities. However, concerns about a perceived lack of readiness for future academic activities as well as a decreased academic challenge and falling enthusiasm are voiced, especially among high achievers. With an emphasis on the function of observational learning, self-efficacy beliefs, modeling actions, and the dynamic interaction of personal and environmental elements, social cognitive theory provides a theoretical framework to comprehend the observed behaviors and results. This research highlights the necessity for balanced policies that promote well-being while retaining academic rigor as well as the need of taking into account individual variances in students' reactions to policy changes. These findings hold significant implications for teachers and policymakers. It highlights the need of educational policy that takes into account the varied life experiences of students in order to improve their health and success in school. More study is required to figure out how these policies will play out in the long run and what elements will have the most impact on individual outlooks and experiences.

REENGINEERING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ON A DUAL BASIS

The purpose of the paper is to present the authors' conclusions and practical recommendations regarding the restructuring of the educational process of higher education institutions – providers of educational services in partnership with specialised companies. Methodology. The following methods were used: structural-functional method – in the study of the internal structure of the educational process, based on the principles of duality, where each component has a corresponding purpose in the value chain of intellectual capital; graphical modelling – to systematically reflect the author's views on relevant aspects of the research. Results. The sequence of the reengineering cycle and the directions it should take have been defined. It is emphasised that reengineering includes the competences acquired by the recipients of educational services, their communication with teachers, curators from the company, teaching methods and technologies that make up the instrumental mix, the structure of which depends on the mix of expected professional competences. Practical implications. It is emphasised that an applicant should have the right to make an independent choice between the forms of education, taking into account his/her economic circumstances and plans for future professional life in a democratic country. For each of the options, guidelines are proposed for completing the standard number of classroom hours, independent work and other forms of academic activity.

Influencing Factors for the Quality of Homework Assignments

This research article endeavors to explore teachers' perspectives on effective homework practices and the standards for assigning high-quality homework tasks. Using a qualitative research approach within interpretive paradigms, the study conducted interviews with experienced school teachers through convenience sampling. The investigation delves into strategies for customizing homework to meet students' needs, the role of parental engagement, and the importance of balancing the quantity and quality of homework assignments. Although homework serves as a vital tool in reinforcing learning and enhancing academic skills beyond classroom hours, various challenges hinder its completion, including comprehension gaps and issues with time management and parental involvement. The study seeks to uncover educators' insights into the types of homework anticipated by students and the factors shaping effective homework practices. The findings emphasize the need to balance parental involvement to promote children's independence and responsibility, avoiding excessive assistance that may undermine the intrinsic value of homework. Moreover, the study advocates for prioritizing homework quality over quantity to mitigate negative impacts on student well-being, emphasizing meaningful learning experiences and considering diverse preferences when designing assignments.

A case-study of using content and language integrated learning methodology in tertiary education course design

This article examines the principles of Content-Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) as a theoretical basis for a course of English for academic purposes and discusses the results of a pilot project based on a combination of CLIL and Language for Specific Purposes (LSP) methodologies. Although the two methodologies share common features, such as the use of authentic materials or emphasis on students’ needs, they differ on their goals, general approach, and required classroom hours. The CLIL approach is based on a balance between content-centered learning and mastering a foreign language through the content, while LSP is a special form of a foreign language instruction that teaches students how to use it in a particular field of knowledge or line of work. A pilot course in English for Special Purposes, described here, was developed to prepare students for further full English-language instruction in some of their major disciplines. Due to the limited number of classroom hours and the focus on mastering primarily the language of specialization, the course mainly applies LSP approach in combination with some CLIL techniques and methods, such as guided reading, text markup, visual support, linguistic support, and multimodal input. The course was run as a pilot project throughout one academic year, weekly in the form of two-hour English classes, and involved two groups of third-year students majoring in International Relations or Regional Studies with 25 participants in each. In a follow-up survey, the students reported increased motivation, better word retention, improved fluency and better listening comprehension.

Обеспечение безопасного поведения обучающихся общеобразовательной организации в медиасреде

The relevance of the study is due to the objective need to develop scientifically based pedagogical influences on students, aimed at ensuring their safe behavior in the media environment taking into account their age characteristics and modern regulatory requirements. The authors prove that increasing children’s, safety in the media environment must be carried out not only through restrictions, but also through pedagogical influences in order to develop their abilities for safe behavior on the Internet. Based on theoretical justification the authors have identified the potential of extracurricular activities, and then the approach has been developed and tested that involves developing students’ self-control and self-defense skills, the ability to recognize and resist manipulations and the negative influence of the media environment through a set of classroom hours. Mathematical processing of the experiment results has proved that the developed set of thematic classroom hours is an effective means of developing students’ safe behavior in the media environment, as it has established the reliability of positive changes.

Modern information and communication technologies in the training of junior border guards in the countries of the European Union

The article characterizes modern information and communication technologies (hereinafter - ICT), which are used in the process of basic training of border guards of the countries of the European Union, with the aim of adapting advanced foreign experience to the system of professional training of junior border service inspectors in departmental educational institutions of the Ukrainian border guard agency. It was found that the use of ICT in the process of professional training of border guards allows to optimize the overall professional development of junior inspectors of the border guard service, motivates the personnel of the border guard department to study new material in a convenient way after classroom hours, ensures the implementation of the principles of mobile learning, expands the range of possible exercises and professionally oriented tasks, which contributes to a better involvement of listeners in the process of learning educational content. The development and implementation of educational ICT in the system of professional training of junior inspectors of the border guard service changes the structure of the cognitive activity of the future specialist, which affects the content of education, determines the renewal of forms, methods and principles of training focused on the use of their independence. The authors sate that considered modern ICT based on web platforms of law enforcement agencies of the European Union countries allow junior border guard service inspectors to take an active position in the process of mastering new knowledge, to independently determine the order, pace, and method of acquiring knowledge, and is currently a key element of the professional training of junior border guard service inspectors in the departmental educational institutions of the Ukrainian border guard agency.

QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE DISCIPLINE «FIRE AND RESCUE EQUIPMENT»

This article is aimed at conducting a comprehensive analysis of the course «Fire and Rescue Equipment» taught in the 4th year (7th semester) at the National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine. The course is intended for students majoring in Fire Safety, Fire Safety and Fire Fighting and Rescue Operations. The discipline is worth 3 ECTS credits and has 40 classroom hours, including 14 hours of lectures and 26 hours of practical classes. The course covers a wide range of topics, including the operation of firefighting equipment, vehicle maintenance, road safety, and the operation of firefighting equipment. The anonymous survey of offline cadets, which involved 97 respondents out of a total of 105, included an assessment of such parameters as the usefulness of the course for future service, the adequacy of the number of classroom hours, the logical structure of the course, the quality of teaching, the availability of the instructor for consultations, the effectiveness of the assessment system, etc. The survey results indicate a high assessment of the course’s usefulness for future service in the units of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SESU), which was expressed by 79.4% of participants. However, problems were identified with the availability of the lecturer for consultations and the instability of the OpenTEST 2.3.0 testing system, which led to difficulties in assessing students’ knowledge. The findings indicate the need to focus on the practical component of learning, improve the material and technical base for learning the subject, and change the assessment system. The respondents also suggested increasing the number of practical classes and improving the assessment system. The main conclusion of the study is to emphasise the importance of improving the educational process based on the opinions of the student audience to increase the effectiveness of teaching the course «Fire and Rescue Equipment».

Optimization of the Pedagogical Process in Teaching Chemistry to First-Year Students of the Ural State Medical University

The purpose of research is to determine directions for optimizing the educational process with the introduction of new methodological approaches. For this purpose, the paper set the tasks to analyze the current methodological aspects of the component of the pedagogical process of teaching chemistry to first-year students of the medical and preventive faculty of the Ural State Medical University (USMU, Yekaterinburg); asess the impact of new methodological approaches in teaching on the performance of students. The discipline “Chemistry” is studied in the first semester, classroom hours for the discipline include lectures (32 hours), practical exercises and laboratory work (34 hours), which are conducted at the department of general chemistry of USMU.Materials and methods. The methodology for teaching chemistry to first-year students of the medical and preventive faculty of USMU (Ekaterinburg) is analyzed. The largest faculty was selected for the study. Over the course of 10 years, during the period of Federal State Educational Standard-3, the number of students at this faculty increased from two streams in the 2012-2013 academic year (300 people) up to four streams in the 2022-2023 academic year (700 people). Attestation in the discipline takes place in the form of a written test with an assessment (exam). Statistical processing of data on exam results and rating scores in the semester was carried out in the Microsoft Excel 2019 program. The obtained indexes are presented as arithmetic mean values and standard error of the mean (M±m).Results. Pearson's r-correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the linear relationship of variables: the percentage of correct answers in the exam ticket, the final student rating in the semester, the exam rating, the certification grade. To test the hypothesis about the effectiveness of the chosen teaching methodology, Pearson's test of agreement (χ2 ) was calculated for the sample size of students (n ≥ 100). The pedagogical process carried out in teaching chemistry to first-year students of the medical and preventive faculty is a complex system that includes target, content, activity, performance, resource components. The activity component of the organization of the pedagogical process was modified as follows: a new form of the examination card was developed, as close as possible to the form of control materials for the unified state exam in chemistry, the structure of the practical lesson was rationalized, and a new laboratory workshop was created and tested. The results of the exam in chemistry were analyzed using Pearson's goodness-of-fit test at a significance level of p<0, 05 in two groups of questions: 1 - on topics covered by a laboratory workshop and 2 - on topics not provided with laboratory work. The rating indexes of students when performing tasks related to the first group of questions are significantly higher than in the second group. ><0,05 in two groups of questions: 1 - on topics covered by a laboratory workshop and 2 - on topics not provided with laboratory work. The rating indexes of students when performing tasks related to the first group of questions are significantly higher than in the second group.Conclusion. When using an optimized laboratory practice in chemistry, the most rational form of the lesson is chosen, in which laboratory experiments are included. Comprehensive planning of such classes is carried out differently. The didactic tasks of the lesson are subordinated to highlighting what is essential in the content of the educational material. The presence of an optimized workshop significantly contributes to the choice of the most effective methods and forms of training for a given lesson, leading to an increase in student performance. It is shown that the updated form of the laboratory workshop in chemistry, along with the rationalization of the structure of the lesson and the form of the exam make it possible to achieve maximum learning outcomes with a limited time interval for classroom work. The new form of the examination card, along with the modernized practicum, contributed to the high marks in the exam. It is shown that a properly organized form of passing the exam allows you to adjust the progress of each student and set an objective assessment in chemistry.

FLT in a non-linguistics university with the ADDIE model of instructional design

The article considers the issues of teaching FL communication to nonlinguistics students in terms of latest developments of instructional design determined by the research in personality psychology, cognitivism, structural linguistics. The authors suggest using the ADDIE model to design the teaching process in the context of the insufficiency of classroom hours for the discipline “Foreign language”. The authors have designed a course programme “Young professio-nal” embracing terminological thesaurus, speech patterns, specialized texts, tests, exercises to develop FL communication skills, with 3/4 of the study time focusing on students’ autonomous work with teaching materials in “Electronic educational environment”. The ADDIE model-based learning technology was tested with 4th year – physics and mathematics students of State University of Education and positively assessed.

THE INDIVIDUAL ACADEMIC WORK IN THE VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT SPECIALISTS

Abstract. In this article we approach the topic of individual academic work in the vocational training of specialists of physical education and sport. This activity, very important in the university educational process, is promoted both within classroom hours and outside of them, but most often individual work is promoted within seminars, laboratory hours, projects, practical works, competitions and performing tasks at home. Individual work is one of the main forms of study of subjects by students specializing in physical education and sport, expressed by studying theoretical topics, performing control and laboratory work and applying knowledge to carry out semestrial, periodical and final assessments.Starting from the analysis of references on the mentioned topic and ending with qualitative and quantitative reflections from the specific university context, we highlight the aspect of the individual work of the students from the point of view of professional training. It is carried out for the purpose of students specializing in physical education and sport acquiring general and special professional skills, including the ability to use the knowledge acquired in the professional field. An important result of the individual work of students is the formation of their ability to train individually in order to obtain knowledge, skills, competences for the purpose of continuous professional development.

Comparative Analysis of the Methods of Training Information Security Specialists in the Republic of Belarus and in the Republic of Azerbaijan

The article presents the results of studies that were related to the implementation of a comparative analysis of methods for training information security specialists in the field of information technology in the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Azerbaijan (on the example of the methods used in the Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics and at the Azerbaijan Technical University). In the course of study, the method, developed by the authors, was used. The method is based on the analysis of the curricula used in the indicated higher educational institutions for the specialties related to the information security, and on the obtaining the following indicators according to the results of this analysis: the total number of classroom hours allocated in each of the courses for studying academic disciplines related to information technology in general and information security in particular; an indicator that characterizes the share of classroom hours allocated for practical and laboratory work in academic subjects related to information technology in general and information security in particular, from the total number of classroom hours allocated for the studying of these subjects. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there is a high degree of similarity in the approaches used in the framework of the methods for training specialists in information security at the Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics and at the Azerbaijan Technical University. This makes it expedient to organize joint training of such specialists for the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Azerbaijan.