Class Of Inequalities Research Articles

Backward Uniqueness for 3D Navier–Stokes Equations With Non-Trivial Final Data and Applications

Abstract Presented is a backward uniqueness result of bounded mild solutions of 3D Navier–Stokes Equations in the whole space with non-trivial final data. A direct consequence is that a solution must be axi-symmetric in $[0, T]$ if it is so at time $T$. The proof is based on a new weighted estimate that enables to treat terms involving Calderon–Zygmund operators. The new weighted estimate is expected to have certain applications in control theory when classical Carleman-type inequality is not applicable.

Challenges in Agrobiodiversity Maintenance in Southwest Bangladesh: An Intersectional Analysis

Guided by the intersectional approach, the objective of the paper is to engage gender as an analytical variable across class and spatial inequalities to explore agrobiodiversity maintenance. The paper dwells on challenges faced, and factors influencing agrobiodiversity choices and its maintenance. Data was collected from a survey of 343 households, 14 focus group discussions conducted in seven villages, and in-depth interviews with 30 research participants in Southwest Bangladesh. The findings show that challenges in maintaining agrobiodiversity and its choices are gender, class, and spatially differentiated within the context of environmental change. The challenges faced by rural households in maintaining agrobiodiversity are not linear and straightforward and poor women are inclined to make choices to ensure food security and wellbeing of the family. Therefore, understanding how overlapping inequalities in rural farming areas experiencing environmental change is key to the design of agrobiodiversity-based solutions towards food security for the poor.

Agonistic freedoms: enabling disaffected working-class students to turn-back-around to mainstream school

ABSTRACT The sifting and sorting mechanisms of Australia’s education system continue to work to the detriment of groups put at a disadvantage. For mainstream schools serving working-class communities in particular, the rejection of the offers and advantages of schooling continue to result in differential class consequences and inequalities for working-class young people. In response, this paper pursues a more hopeful project of schooling by considering how schools can work to circumvent the alienation of working-class students from the mainstream secondary school system. Foucault’s conceptualisations of ‘power relations’, ‘agonistic freedom’ and ‘technologies of the self’ are used alongside Kamler and Comber’s notion of ‘turn-around pedagogies’ to draw attention to the complex relationships between students’ subjectivities, their shifting dispositions towards school and eventual enticement to turn-back-around to mainstream school.

Optimization by linear kinetic equations and mean-field Langevin dynamics

One of the most striking examples of the close connections between global optimization processes and statistical physics is the simulated annealing method, inspired by the famous Monte Carlo algorithm devised by Metropolis et al. in the middle of last century. In this paper, we show how the tools of linear kinetic theory allow the description of this gradient-free algorithm from the perspective of statistical physics and how convergence to the global minimum can be related to classical entropy inequalities. This analysis highlights the strong link between linear Boltzmann equations and stochastic optimization methods governed by Markov processes. Thanks to this formalism, we can establish the connections between the simulated annealing process and the corresponding mean-field Langevin dynamics characterized by a stochastic gradient descent approach. Generalizations to other selection strategies in simulated annealing that avoid the acceptance–rejection dynamic are also provided.

교육적 이상향으로서 인문주의에 나타난 ‘안과 밖’의 모순 - 독일 교양시민계층의 사례와 정전(正典) 논쟁을 중심으로

This thesis focuses on two historical cases by comparing the contradiction between the ideal of humanistic education and its realization in the concept of dialectical logic to the inner and outer. The first inside and outside is the socio-political consequence of the Bildung concept, which is the German typical of modern humanist educational ideology, and the educated middle class, which has made it a group identity. The result of the neo-humanistic educational ideals and the instrumentalization of education understood by the German educated middle class shows the modern origin of class inequality in schooling, which is a drastic problem in modern capitalist society. The second contradiction is that between the inner logic of European tradition and values, and the outer logic of non-European perspectives. Humanism has regarded the power-guaranteed classics, called canon, as an absolute value transcending time and society. However, since the middle of the 20th century, the discourse of diversity driven by multiculturalism, criticism of orientalism, feminism, and political correctness debate have raised questions about the canonization itself. Humanism tried to preserve its content value as a European heritage, but from the outside, charges of Eurocentrism were accused. The contradictory attributes of humanism are related to the aporia of discord between the ideology of education and reality.

Majorization in some symplectic weak supermajorizations

Symplectic eigenvalues are known to satisfy analogs of several classic eigenvalue inequalities. Of these is a set of weak supermajorization relations concerning symplectic eigenvalues that are weaker analogs of some majorization relations corresponding to eigenvalues. The aim of this letter is to establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the saturation of the symplectic weak supermajorization relations by majorization.

Representation Strategies of the Rich and Poor Classes in the Squid Game

The Squid Game's high ratings are well documented, and although the Squid Game is a battle royale type of episode, it contains many depictions of class inequality as well as the power of choice. The episodes use stark contrasts of colour and setting to establish situations of identity inequality for the audience. Inequality of identity also means inequality of choice and having to be forced to keep the game going. By analysing the images and plot of the episode, the game is used as a vehicle for the reality of class inequality.

Integrated behavioral health implementation and chronic disease management inequities: an exploratory study of statewide data

BackgroundPeople with diabetes, vascular disease, and asthma often struggle to maintain stability in their chronic health conditions, particularly those in rural areas, living in poverty, or racially or ethnically minoritized populations. These groups can experience inequities in healthcare, where one group of people has fewer or lower-quality resources than others. Integrating behavioral healthcare services into primary care holds promise in helping the primary care team better manage patients’ conditions, but it involves changing the way care is delivered in a clinic in multiple ways. Some clinics are more successful than others in fully integrating behavioral health models as shown by previous research conducted by our team identifying four patterns of implementation: Low, Structural, Partial, and Strong. Little is known about how this variation in integration may be related to chronic disease management and if IBH could be a strategy to reduce healthcare inequities. This study explores potential relationships between IBH implementation variation and chronic disease management in the context of healthcare inequities.MethodsBuilding on a previously published latent class analysis of 102 primary care clinics in Minnesota, we used multiple regression to establish relationships between IBH latent class and healthcare inequities in chronic disease management, and then structural equation modeling to examine how IBH latent class may moderate those healthcare inequities.ResultsContrary to our hypotheses, and demonstrating the complexity of the research question, clinics with better chronic disease management were more likely to be Low IBH rather than any other level of integration. Strong and Structural IBH clinics demonstrated better chronic disease management as race in the clinic’s location became more White.ConclusionsIBH may result in improved care, though it may not be sufficient to resolve healthcare inequities; it appears that IBH may be more effective when fewer social determinants of health are present. Clinics with Low IBH may not be motivated to engage in this practice change for chronic disease management and may need to be provided other reasons to do so. Larger systemic and policy changes are likely required that specifically target the mechanisms of healthcare inequities.

Some Classical Inequalities Associated with Generic Identity and Applications

In this paper, we derive a new generic equality for the first-order differentiable functions. Through the utilization of the general identity and convex functions, we produce a family of upper bounds for numerous integral inequalities like Ostrowski’s inequality, trapezoidal inequality, midpoint inequality, Simpson’s inequality, Newton-type inequalities, and several two-point open trapezoidal inequalities. Also, we provide the numerical and visual explanation of our principal findings. Later, we provide some novel applications to the theory of means, special functions, error bounds of composite quadrature schemes, and parametric iterative schemes to find the roots of linear functions. Also, we attain several already known and new bounds for different values of γ and parameter ξ.

Fractional Newton‐type integral inequalities by means of various function classes

The authors of the paper present a method to examine some Newton‐type inequalities for various function classes using Riemann‐Liouville fractional integrals. Namely, some fractional Newton‐type inequalities are established by using convex functions. In addition, several fractional Newton‐type inequalities are proved by using bounded functions by fractional integrals. Moreover, we construct some fractional Newton‐type inequalities for Lipschitzian functions. Furthermore, several Newton‐type inequalities are acquired by fractional integrals of bounded variation. Finally, we provide our results by using special cases of obtained theorems and examples.

Contribuições do conceito de corpoterritório e dos feminismos comunitários para pensarmos na construção de Territórios Saudáveis e Sustentáveis

ABSTRACT This text constitutes a literature review, which presents the path towards building the concept of body-territory, its connections with community feminism, ecofeminism and decolonial feminism, to discuss the construction of Healthy and Sustainable Territories (TSS). This concept originates from community mobilizations of women of Abya Yala peoples. It has been gradually incorporated by Brazilian Indigenous, Black and peasant women. The body-territory consists of biological, mental, social and cosmogonic dimensions. From their bodies and territories, they question the impacts of large undertakings; problematize violence against women and the Earth; problematize sex-gender, class and race inequalities; and denounce situations that constrain health and their bodies and territories. Through care practices, these women recover their own health and of their community groups and territories, expanding theirs and the collective health. This favors resilience and reparation of the web of life. This female protagonism has been invisible in studies on TSS. Therefore, it is considered essential that these feminist contributions are intersectional in actions to promote TSS.

Norm of a generalized Hilbert linear and bilinear form on the Hardy spaces

In this paper, the precise norm of a generalized Hilbert linear form HLλ on the Hardy space H1 and that of the corresponding bilinear form HBλ on the Hardy space pair (Hp,Hq) are given for all λ∈{x∈R:x≠0,−1,−2,⋯}. Furthermore, the classical Hardy's inequality on the absolute convergence of HL1 is generalized to all HLλ with λ>0.

Work hope among rural Latinx and White youth: the role of beliefs in a just America, class inequality, and educational meritocracy

Work hope among rural Latinx and White youth: the role of beliefs in a just America, class inequality, and educational meritocracy

Strong F\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$\\mathcal {F}$\\end{document}-convexity and concavity and refinements of some classical inequalities

The concept of strong F\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}${\\mathcal {F}}$\\end{document}-convexity is a natural generalization of strong convexity. Although strongly concave functions are rarely mentioned and used, we show that in more effective and specific analysis this concept is very useful, and especially its generalization, namely strong F\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}${\\mathcal {F}}$\\end{document}-concavity. Using this concept, refinements of the Young inequality are given as a model case. A general form of the self-improving property for Jensen type inequalities is presented. We show that a careful choice of control functions for convex or concave functions can give a control over these refinements and produce refinements of the power mean inequalities.

Parliament as a Workplace: Dilemmas of Vernacularisation and Professionalisation

<p>In this article, we engage with recent calls to research parliaments as gendered workplaces, which build on earlier international discursive turn and institutional reform initiatives towards gender-sensitive parliaments. Our engagement explores this workplace framing and how well it translates across pluralised, global parliamentary paradigms. We develop our arguments with a special focus on the Indian parliament as a gendered institution. Viewing the parliament as a gendered workplace through an intersectional lens, we show how gender dynamics and institutional configurations of power are embedded in class, race, and caste inequalities but can shift over time through reflexive challenges. We organise our discussion through two approaches to studying parliaments as workplaces—vernacular and professional—to argue that paying attention to these approaches critically can contribute to sensitising the workplace debate to a more capacious, theoretically nuanced reading of parliaments as more gender-sensitive, gender-inclusive, and gender-responsive representative institutions. In outlining the case for paying attention to the vernacular critically, we ask whether such an understanding can help to effectively bridge local and global understandings of parliaments as workplaces and institutionalise them. In studying professionalisation, we examine the paradox that professionalisation could lead to the depoliticisation of parliaments, which might affect the nature of gender-sensitivity that is being institutionalised. This analysis thus brings together institutional, postcolonial, and intersectional strands of work to think anew about gender-equal political practices in representative bodies.</p>

Caravanas in Tijuana: A Qualitative Account of Women in the 2018 Central American Migrant Caravans

Social conditions force migrants to pursue mass mobilization and transit through Latin America to the Mexico-United States border. Mainstream media continues to sensationalize the migrant caravans. Research concerning the experiences of individuals in caravans remains underdeveloped. A question remains about how women experience transit in a mass caravan migration. This study uses a migrant feminist standpoint to capture women's perspectives within the 2018 Central American migrant caravans. In 2019, a qualitative analysis of 15 semi-structured interviews with migrant participants primarily from Central America and fieldwork observation was conducted in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. Caravans provide a realistic alternative avenue for migration. Migration is a gendered process where women resist state violence. Reaching the Tijuana border is a success, but it comes at a detrimental cost for women, including experiencing deception, social class inequalities, and distrust. Humanitarian responses to the migrant caravans benefit from adopting a gender-conscious action-based practice.

Representation of Social Class and Economic Inequality in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald

This research explores the portrayal of social inequality and how social inequality influence the social interactions and dynamics within each social class as depicted in the novel in F. Scott Fitzgerald's iconic novel, The Great Gatsby (1925). Drawing upon Goldmann’s genetic structuralism approach, the study delves into the socio-historical context of the novel to unravel the underlying structures governing characters' behaviors and narrative themes. The analysis identifies four key aspects of social inequality: 1) the American Dream, 2) economic inequality, 3) class distinction, and 4) gender inequality. Each aspect is shown to play a pivotal role in shaping the narrative and providing insights into the complexities of the social fabric of the time. Furthermore, the research examines how these aspects of social inequality influence social interactions and dynamics within each social class. It is revealed that social inequality not only dictates relationships and hierarchies but also perpetuates a cycle of aspiration, disillusionment, and moral decay. The characters' interactions are marked by a constant struggle for recognition, acceptance, and fulfillment within a system that values wealth and status above all else. Overall, this study is expected to offer a comprehensive analysis of social inequality in Fitzgerlad’s The Great Gatsby (1925), shedding light on its sociocultural significance and its enduring relevance in understanding societal dynamics.

Hermite-Hadamard Inequalities for a New Class of Generalized-(s,m) via Fractional Integral

This paper defines a new generalized (s,m)-σ convex function using the σ convex functions and provides some applications and exact results for this kind of functions. The new definition of the (s,m)-σ convex function class is used to obtain the Hermite Hadamard type integral inequalities existing in the literature, and new integral inequalities are obtained with the help of the σ-Riemann-Liouville fractional integral. Additionally, a new Hermite-Hadamard type fractional integral inequality is constructed using the σ-Riemann-Liouville fractional integral.

Improvement of the discrete Hardy inequality

We establish a novel improvement of the classical discrete Hardy inequality, which gives the discrete version of a recent (continuous) inequality of Frank, Laptev, and Weidl. Our arguments build on certain weighted inequalities based on discrete analogues of symmetric decreasing rearrangement techniques.

From Chateau Latour to Chateau Bourdieu: The sociology of wine between empire, class, ethnicity and gender (or, the oenologic of practice)

Many sociologists drink wine, but hardly any write about it professionally, and the putative scholarly field of the ‘sociology of wine’ remains inchoate, the study of wine mostly being ceded to other disciplines. This is strange, as wine is crucial to a host of phenomena, such as national and regional identities in winemaking countries, as well as identity construction and class-based distinction dynamics in many other locations. Wine has received relatively little attention from Bourdieu or those inspired by him. Indeed, some of the most influential writings on wine in a sociological register today are sometimes explicitly hostile to his sociology. Yet for all types of activities traversing the overlapping domains of the production, social distribution and consumption of wine, Bourdieusian elements must be brought into the analysis to be able to appreciate interlocking issues of class, ethnicity and gender relations and inequalities, particularly within imperial/colonial and post-imperial/post-colonial social contexts. In its 8000-year history, very major factors in the social structuring of wine have been imperial power and colonial expansion, factors bound up with ethnic and gender inequalities in wine phenomena both historically and today. A flexible and open-minded version of Bourdieu, as advocated by Bridget Fowler, draws attention to ongoing dynamics of power and resistance in wine worlds.