Class Society Research Articles

Implementation of IOT Automatic Controlling System and Android Franchise System in Oyster Mushroom MSMEs in Gintangan Village To Be Globally Competitive in the Digital Economy Era

MSMEs are one of the business units that play an important role in the growth and development of the economy in Indonesia, especially in lower and middle class society. The MSME "Sunawan Mushroom" which is a partner in this community service program is one of the MSMEs in Rogojampi District, Banyuwangi, engaged in the oyster mushroom cultivation business. Based on the results of the identification of the proposing team in partner businesses, there are two main problems, namely in the areas of production and marketing. The community service program which was carried out for 8 months attempted to overcome these two problems. This activity is in accordance with the main performance indicators (IKU) of PGRI Banyuwangi University, namely that lecturers carry out activities outside the campus and the results of the lecturers' work are used by the community. Because this activity involves students, this activity is also in accordance with one of the IKUs, namely students gaining experience outside campus. The outputs targeted by this program include IoT-based Automatic Controlling System Technology, an Android-based franchise system, increasing partner production and sales, and increasing partner turnover. Overall, the technology implemented in the partner's oyster mushroom business succeeded in increasing production capacity by 25% (from 500kg to an increase of 650kg), succeeded in reducing the level of pest attacks during the mushroom growing process from 15% to 5% (down 10%), and reduced fungus death rate 5-10%. These results automatically increase partners' income from sales of oyster mushrooms by optimizing the temperature conditions of mushroom cages and minimizing the death rate of oyster mushrooms from pest attacks that attack mushroom tanks.

Power Relations and Rural Population in Kuban-Black Sea Region during 1921—1924

The article examines the reforms in power relations between the government and rural population in the Kuban-Black Sea region during the transition to the New Economic Policy (March 1921—1924). The study is based on materials from party and state authorities, as well as statistics. A systemic approach and diachronic comparative analysis are applied. The authors argue that until the fall of 1922, the system of power relations with the rural population in Kuban-Black Sea region maintained the predominance of the features of “war communism”: compulsory and arbitrary taxation, appointment of governing bodies, and repression. The specificity of the region was manifested in the combination of class and estate divisions of society, as well as Cossackization. It is shown that the transition to the NEP required a fundamental change in power relations with the peasantry, shifting towards the principles of material interest and civil peace, making the middle class and Cossacks loyal. It is emphasized that attitudes towards the NEP were contradictory, with local party and Soviet workers preferring to rely on military-communist methods. The authors conclude that a contradictory system of power and social relations was formed based on compromises and indirect coercion during food and land policies and during elections to the Soviets. By the fall of 1924, the RCP(b) was forced to concede to peasant demands on key aspects of reform.

Dreams of Socialism Reflected in a 1947 North Korean School Textbook

In 1945, with the participation of the Soviet Union, which sent naval forces to the northern coast of the Korean peninsula as well as paratroopers to Pyongyang, Korea was liberated from Japanese colonial rule. A limited contingent of Red Army units was dispatched in the northern part of the Korean peninsula to accept Japanese surrender and maintain law and order until the establishment of the national administration. From 1945 to 1948, Soviet citizens who worked in North Korea and the new North Korean authorities both made efforts to propagate a positive image of Soviet socialism. Their efforts would be successful among the lower classes of Korean society. The middle school textbook the “Kugŏ (Native Speech 국어),” published in 1947 in North Korea, provides a clear example of how the positive image of the USSR, when it came to village development, was presented to the Korean younger generation in the framework of traditional dreams about the lives of peasants. In particular, the Korean language textbook broke down the Japanese perception of the socialist village where, according to the former Japanese colonial authorities, peasants have no private property. The “Native Speech” textbook stated that the “peasants who choose socialism will own their land themselves and will be able to have private property.”

Impact of COVID-19 on Consumer Buying Behavior Reaction, Survival, and Adjustment Due to the Pandemic

Purpose: The rationale of this research study is to explore the change in consumer buying behavior (CBB), their reaction, which is measured by consumer hoarding behavior (CHB), rejection of behavioral directives (RBD), survival, which is measured by social connectedness (SC), do-it-yourself behavior (DIY), and adjustment, which is measured by lifestyle changes (LSC), due to the outbreak of the novel pandemic of COVID-19. The spread of COVID-19 has affected the well-being of consumers, and the lockdown initiatives across countries have created widespread panic and anxiety. The pandemic has affected the rich, the poor, and the lower class of society, where putting food on the table has become imperative.
 Research Design: Research was conducted through an adopted questionnaire, and the sample size for the study was 384. Data analysis was done through SPSS, where the hypotheses were empirically tested to reach the novel findings.
 Findings: Results indicated that CHB was the significant determinant of CBB, whereas RBD, SC, DIY, and LSC were found to be insignificant, causing no impact on CBB. This paper emphasizes analyzing the impact of COVID-19 on CBB, their reaction, survival, and adjustment due to the novel pandemic.
 Practical Implication: The implications of this research paper are to propose and create awareness for marketers regarding the permanent shifts in consumer buying behavior in response to COVID-19 and the way forward into the future lives of consumers post-COVID-19.

The Japanese emperors' view of epidemic and medical relief in the 8th-10th centuries

At the end of the 7th century, Chinese medicine was widely spread in the upper class of Japanese society, and Japanese emperors developed a medical based view on epidemics. At the beginning of the 8th century, emperors determined to reform by imitated the Tang to build a state ruled by law.They determine the way of TCM to relieve the epidemic in the form of legislation, and used medical measures in outbreaks on many occasions.However, with the spread of smallpox and other epidemics during the Tenpei year, Japan's backward medical level and poor medical resources were unable to cope with the epidemic, and the emperors turned to the epidemic as calamity. From the late 8th century to the end of 10th century, Japanese emperors responded with Buddhist, Shinto, and Confucian measures. Medical relief gradually became obsolete at the national level. But at the individual level of the emperors, they attached great importance to the use of Chinese medicine for epidemic prevention and treatment, in the mid to late 9th century, medical prevention measures were established in the court through legal means.

The Economic Impact of Banning Billionaires: An Analysis of Wealth Accumulation and Market Dynamics

This article examines the issue of banning billionaires and provides a comprehensive analysis of potential policy implications. First, the article discusses the possible negative impact of banning billionaires on innovation and the spirit of adventure, highlighting their important role in funding support, venture capital and high-risk projects. Second, the article analyzes the potential adverse effects of banning billionaires on charitable giving and philanthropy, as well as the possible impacts on economic growth and job opportunities. Finally, the article points out that the prohibition of billionaires is not the same as eliminating the upper class of society, stressing that solving social inequality requires more comprehensive policies and systems Sex reform.

Socio-Political Structure in Central Anatolia in the Third Millennium BC

In Central Anatolia, the socio-economic and political organization of communities in the 3rd millennium BC includes a limited number of studies from different perspectives. These studies refer to a socio-political system in which administrative units divided into regions and provinces are administered by “local rulers”, “independent princes" or "kings". It is suggested that the cities of these principalities were surrounded by walls, they were administered by a ruling class, they participated in commercial activities and the existence of an organization they controlled these, and emphasis is placed on the class society structure consisting of administrators, soldiers and merchants. As mentioned here, the social structure of the socities of the 3rd millennium BC and their relations with each other in the subject region are generally considered in a hierarchical order, and complicate to understand the different social models. Since the social structure cannot be explained only in hierarchical order, some new approaches have been developed. Accordingly, although different individuals in the society gain priority in various activities such as religion, trade, and politics, they may not exhibit a central and hierarchical structure in power relations. In this paper, based on this approach, the socio-political structure and power phenomenon of the 3rd millennium BC communities in the region will be discussed within the socio-economic models, production and specialization, evidence of administrative practices, patterns of settlement, burial customs, phenomenon of belief and remnants of material culture pointing to social complexity, and the views that refer to hierarchical structuring in power relations will be approached.

Kajian Sosiologi Sastra dalam Puisi Sajak Orang Kepanasan Karya W.S Rendra

Literary works always contain the author's perspective on reality as a social institution created by the author. These problems are often combined into a view or criticism of life. This certainly describes social life as a reality that occurs in an environment. One type of literary work that contains a view of reality is W.S Rendra's poem entitled "Poem of Hot People". The aim of this research is to determine the effort to explain the social impact of the poem entitled "Poetry of the Overheated People" by W.S Rendra. The poem depicts social and political inequality between the needy class of society and the ruling class of society. Through this research, I hope to make us more sensitive to circumstances and conditions. The reason I chose W.S Rendra's poetry was because the language was very clear and specific. With poetry that uses clear and specific language, the meaning of the content is accurate and complete. The poem is analyzed using the perspective of the social impact that occurs on a phenomenon. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a literary sociology approach. The technique used is descriptive analysis technique. The researcher sees himself as the only tool. This process involves recording factors related to aspects of social impact as documentation of analysis and as a source of understanding. The results of the research show that the poem "Poetry of Hot People" describes social inequality. Based on these findings, researchers concluded that poetry can be used as a means to criticize existing injustices and express feelings of dissatisfaction with social situations.
 
 

The dilemmas of socialist education between 1918 and 1920 according to Krupskaya (1869-1939)

The present article has as general objective to analyze the differentiated access to education enjoyed by the bourgeois class and the working class in Russian socialist society between 1918-1920, according to N.K. Krupskaya (1869-1939). To achieve this goal, the theoretical framework was based on the work "General questions of pedagogy: organization of public education in the USSR", written by Krupskaya herself. A specific part of this work, especially in the chapter entitled "On the Question of the Soviet School", examines the distinctions between the bourgeois and working classes in terms of accessibility to education and pedagogical practice. The research problem is: What should a school capable of forming emancipated individuals look like from Krupskaya's perspective? To answer the question, we used bibliographical research. The results of the analysis showed that Krupskaya made it clear that education in socialist society was shaped by the influence of the wealthy class in society. She stressed the conversion to an emancipatory approach that recognized the importance of intellectual training and productive work equally.

The sufficiency economy philosophy as an approach to social innovation: case studies of local governments in Thailand

The late Thai King Bhumibol Adulyadej formulated the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP). “Sufficiency” means balancing reasonable moderation in production against the need for protection from sudden internal and external shocks. SEP follows the middle path as a guiding principle for all classes of society and government. Knowledge, thoughtfulness, prudence, and ethical integrity are essential to achieve the middle path. This paper explores the use of SEP as a method of social innovation for enhancing delivery of public services and for localizing the process of sustainable development. Such innovative use of SEP is illustrated by three exploratory case studies of local administrative organisations (LAOs) in Thailand. All three LAOs' case studies have mayors with significant entrepreneurial talent useful in teaching entrepreneurial action to their residents, their staff, and other local leaders. Together, these cases show the potential of SEP as a method of bottom up social action and sustainable development. A brief discussion of the wider need for and use of innovation, including social innovations, and underpinning entrepreneurship, is included prior to the Thai case studies. There is also a short section examining similar types of activities to those observed in the cases in the European context by way of comparison.

Impacting Digital Competence on Entrepreneurial Alertness: An Analytical Research at the Central Bank of Iraq

In the era of the digital economy, public organizations need to consolidation the capabilities of entrepreneurial alertness to reduce the risks of sudden transformations and changes, and to find effective mechanisms to discover and invest in environmental opportunities proactively, as this concern has become a knowledge gap in public sector institutions, the current research aims to identify the role of digital competence in influencing on entrepreneurial alertness in the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI), the descriptive analytical approach was used as a research method to describe and analyze the main research variables. digital competence as an explanatory variable includes three dimensions: digital infrastructure, digital integration, and digital management, while entrepreneurial alertness as a responsive variable comprises three dimensions: scanning and search, association and connection, and evaluation as well as judgment. The research sample included the middle and senior administrative leaders of the CBI through using proportionate stratified random sampling to get a good representation of each class of society (n=125). The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by AMOS were used to analyze the research data. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant positive correlation and influence relationship between the two main research variables and their sub-dimensions. The most important dimensions of digital competence in influence and interest were digital infrastructure and digital management. However, the influence of digital integration on entrepreneurial alertness was insignificant in the CBI.
 
 Paper type: Research paper.

Semiotic Analysis in The Short Story “The Storm” by Kate Chopin

This research entitled Semiotic Analysis in Short Story "Storm" by Kate Chopin. This research is based on the background of a short story that is rich in code and signs to signify, describing the marriage life that contains interesting elements to explore. The problem in this study is to find and explore the signs denotatively and conotatively in the short story “The Storm” by exploring the signs. This research is a descriptive study that discusses the signs contained in the short story "Storm" written by Kate Chopin by using the Barthesian concept to find signs and get sign meaning connotatively and denotatively. The results reflect the marriage life behind the signs in the short story which is a storm signifies lust, feet that signifies lower class society, horses that signifies higher class society, sacque that signifies pressure, dialects that signifies differences, Chinaberry tree which signifies morality and religion, marriage which signifies bonding, the sun which signifies happiness and shrimp which signifies caring and love.

Preoperative Serum Albumin and Other Risk Factors Related to 30-Day Postoperative Complications in Total Ankle Arthroplasty

This study investigates effects of preoperative albumin on 30-day total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) outcomes. Additionally, other preoperative risk factors are addressed, including American Anesthesia Society (ASA) class, functional status, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, smoking status, time of operation, and age. Outcomes assessed were readmission, return to operating room, surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, and total length of stay (TLOS). Data were extracted from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Bivariate comparisons were analyzed using correlation coefficients, t tests, or chi-squared tests; multivariate comparisons used linear or logistic regression. Our data showed no significant correlation between serum albumin and patients with readmission (odds ratio -0.14, P=0.06), return to operating room (-0.07, P=0.61), or surgical site infection (-0.08, P=0.56). With bivariate analysis, functional status and COPD were significant for readmission (12.67, P < 0.001 and 7.83, P < 0.001, respectively) and dehiscence (30.52, P < 0.001 and 6.74, P=0.05, respectively), while high ASA class (0.4, P=0.01), increased age (0.1, P < 0.001), and longer time of operation (0.19, P < 0.001) were associated with longer TLOS. With multivariate analysis, functional status showed higher odds of readmission (7.42, P=0.02) and dehiscence (20.47, P=0.01), while COPD showed higher odds for readmission (6.65, P < 0.001) and longer TLOS (0.31, P=0.05). High ASA class (0.42, P < 0.001) and female sex (0.32, P < 0.001) also had higher odds for longer TLOS. In summary, low albumin was not significant for readmission, return to operating room, or surgical site infection in TAA. COPD, functional status, high ASA class, longer time of operation, increased age, and female sex were all correlated with adverse outcomes in TAA.

Long-term prognostic value of quantitative-flow-ratio-concordant revascularization in stable coronary artery disease

ObjectivesConfirming the prognostic value of global QFR and evaluating the long-term prognosis of QFR-concordant therapy in stable coronary artery disease. BackgroundWire-based functional evaluation of coronary disease is linked to patient's prognosis. Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR) is a newer index of computational physiology, linked to clinical outcomes and prognosis at 1 year follow-up. Long-term prognosis of QFR-concordant revascularization in stable coronary artery disease is however unknown hitherto. MethodsConsecutive patients with stable coronary disease undergoing coronary angiography were included. Centralized and blinded QFR analysis of three coronary territories was performed. Three vessel QFR (3vQFR) was defined as the sum of the basal QFR of each coronary territory. QFR-concordant revascularization was met if all significant lesions (QFR ≤ 0.80) were revascularized and all non-significant lesions (QFR > 0.80) were not; otherwise, the case was defined as QFR-discordant revascularization. Patient-oriented composite end-point (POCE) of cardiac death, myocardial infarction and unscheduled revascularization was the primary endpoint. ResultsA total of 803 patients from six high-volume centers were included. Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class II angina was the most frequent (48.9%) clinical presentation. Median of follow-up was 68.8 months. 3vQFR was an independent predictor of POCE (HR 1.79 CI95% 1.01–3.18), with 2.75 as optimal cut-off value, irrespective of the therapy received. QFR-discordant revascularization (QFR+/Revascularization- or QFR-/Revascularization+) was an independent predictor of POCE in multivariate analysis (HR 1.65, CI 95% 1.03–2.64). ConclusionGlobal burden of epicardial coronary atherosclerosis, as evaluated by 3vQFR, as well as QFR-discordant therapy are independent predictors of adverse clinical outcome at long-term follow-up in stable coronary artery disease.

Fiscal expropriation in Turkey under the rule of Erdoğan

This work signifies an attempt to elaborate on the concrete workings of fiscal policy in today’s Turkey through the notion of primitive accumulation. The subject matter is a political regime that constitutes itself increasingly through coercion. And to understand the political regime’s constitution in its wholeness, its concrete existence in its relations with the economic life surrounding it, primitive accumulation – the notion that construes coercion as an economic power – is necessary. Furthermore, since the notion of class struggle is inherent to primitive accumulation, the latter notion also elicits to reflect on the formation of the state as it hinges on the class society. The notion of primitive accumulation reveals the class power that the state predicates and the concrete ends that this predicate sights. Political coercion can’t be comprehended separately from the capitalist accumulation, and in the case of Turkey, their unity finds expression most clearly in the practices of fiscal expropriation. Throughout the work, fiscal expropriation is examined through three specific forms it takes: the unity of over-taxation with growing indebtedness of the state, public procurement regime, and public–private partnerships. All of them signify the proletarianisation and further impoverishment of the people just as in the era when Karl Marx has drawn up the notion of primitive accumulation.

The Dialectics of the Legal Status of a Person and Individual Freedom

Stratification is one of the foundations of class society. In the daily routine, this is noticeable when the head of the enterprise counts on a better and more plentiful grocery basket than an ordinary employee. The legal position of a wealthy and educated person is also diverse. One most often drives a car, concludes dozens of transactions, and attends sports clubs; he or she is often registered as an entrepreneur or serves in law enforcement agencies. Minors and mentally disordered people cannot boast of the legal personality of an adult mentally healthy citizen. The attention of the legislator has been turned away from low-status groups throughout history. Not required to be held accountable by law, their representatives cultivated a culture of doubt, absenteeism, and illegalism in their midst. The individual freedom of such a person is very wide, but, forced into the backyard of the economic system and prestigious practices, he rarely finds usage for his own talents. Senior officers, politicians, and businesspeople easily purchase goods for the home and take their children to the best schools. In retribution, they have to constantly endure the attention of society, play a role that is not completely characteristic of the inner world, not give in to a spontaneous impulse, and give up the pursuit of happiness without worries. The existential task of jurisprudence is to combine the best of two lifestyles. It means to soften the dialectical opposition of a solid social status and unlimited freedom using procedural tricks and the sprawling apparatus of doctrine and dogma. That’s why the semantic center of our science is located where citizens manage to put together an objectively valuable human capital with maintaining a low or outcast legal status. Such people have something to lose. They are more willing to turn to a lawyer with a request for help and legalization.

Problems and possibilities for Swedish working-class literature in a neoliberal age

In recent decades, inequality has increased in Sweden. The increasing gaps are connected with policies that are often called neoliberal. How does working-class literature relate to these social problems and what literary possibilities does it open up? In this article I discuss these questions based on some literary examples from Swedish contemporary working-class literature. These literary examples have attracted much attention. My perspective is that I see working-class literature as literature with a distinct use value and a literature that has specific functions in the working-class literature context (Felski, 2008).&#x0D; Kristian Lundberg, Johan Jönson and Jenny Wrangborg all give personal accounts from workplaces. Such can be valuable. The problem with Lundberg and Jönson is that they tend to be introverted and egocentric. Especially Lundberg lacks the class perspective. Perhaps Lundberg’s Yarden (The Yard, 2009) should be described as confessional literature rather than working-class literature. With Susanna Alakoski the working-class is hidden behind the concept of poverty. The working-class as actor is absent. The labor movement as well. Instead, it is the middle class who appear as actor. Through the role of jester, Jönson makes class society visible. The role of jester could be seen as a specific rhetorical strategy and a literary device to create a distancing effect, or Verfremdungseffekt. Wrangborg connects to the legacy of early working-class literature with struggle poems. From within the workplace she describes work situations and experiences of class.&#x0D; Emil Boss takes a close look at language and concepts in a postpolitical age when old concepts have changed meaning. It is a crucial task for working-class literature to explain, interpret and examine old concepts that have changed meaning in a new political era, when the labor movement has lost contact with previous ideals and social democratic governments pursue rightwing politics, thus making it difficult to distinguish between left and right.

The concept of the middle class in Russian and Chinese society

The concept of the middle class in Russian and Chinese society

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FEMINISM IN KAGHZI GHAT

Khalida Hussain is a known fiction writer of Urdu Literature. She is also known as a feminist writer who describes the true female emotions in her fiction. her short stories are masterpieces. Kaghzi Ghaat is her only novel. Kaghzi Ghat portrays social classism in the subcontinent. After the partition, these classes reacted in different ways. The main characters of the novel are female. Khalida Hussain symbolizes the classes of society through these females. The fall of Dhaka is another trauma for them. Khlaida Hussain depicts the female character's inner and outer selves via her pen. The trauma of females after the migration and war is represented in this novel.

Existential and psychological grounds of criminal behavior of the heroes of Mikhail Lermontov and Fyodor Dostoevsky

In the article, through the prism of the philosophy of existentialism and social psychology, the prerequisites of the criminal behavior of the main characters of the novels by Mikhail Lermontov "Hero of Our Time" and Fyodor Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" – Grigory Pechorin and Rodion Raskolnikov are investigated. The author of the article claims that the reasons for the criminal behavior of both Pechorin and Raskolnikov are intrapersonal. However, the personal characteristics of an individual are formed under the influence of the society in which he exists, which is demonstrated by the example of the main characters of the novels of Lermontov and Dostoevsky. Thus, the article clearly shows the main principle of the philosophy of existentialism in action: the existence of a person precedes his essence. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that Pechorin and Raskolnikov have many similar character traits, and the main difference between them lies in the social status of the characters. In both novels, the writers decry the vices of Russian class society. The author of the article summarizes that from the point of view of religious existentialism, Pechorin's fate is much more gloomy than Raskolnikov's fate, since Pechorin's soul is taken away by an all-consuming nothingness, while Raskolnikov's soul gets a chance for salvation. Dostoevsky's heroes always have hope, because God shows them the way by which a person can come to grace. This is where the main difference between Lermontov and Dostoevsky lies.