Concept Of Class Research Articles

Cross-modal learning using privileged information for long-tailed image classification

The prevalence of long-tailed distributions in real-world data often results in classification models favoring the dominant classes, neglecting the less frequent ones. Current approaches address the issues in long-tailed image classification by rebalancing data, optimizing weights, and augmenting information. However, these methods often struggle to balance the performance between dominant and minority classes because of inadequate representation learning of the latter. To address these problems, we introduce descriptional words into images as cross-modal privileged information and propose a cross-modal enhanced method for long-tailed image classification, referred to as CMLTNet. CMLTNet improves the learning of intraclass similarity of tail-class representations by cross-modal alignment and captures the difference between the head and tail classes in semantic space by cross-modal inference. After fusing the above information, CMLTNet achieved an overall performance that was better than those of benchmark long-tailed and cross-modal learning methods on the long-tailed cross-modal datasets, NUS-WIDE and VireoFood-172. The effectiveness of the proposed modules was further studied through ablation experiments. In a case study of feature distribution, the proposed model was better in learning representations of tail classes, and in the experiments on model attention, CMLTNet has the potential to help learn some rare concepts in the tail class through mapping to the semantic space.

Development of Interactive Food Web Learning Media to Improve Mastery of Science Concepts and Student Creativity

The lack of use of technology-based learning media and low learning outcomes in mastery of science and science concepts and student creativity are problems at SD Negeri Kandangan 02 and Kandangan 04. The research aims to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of interactive learning media articulate storyline food web material to improve mastery of science and technology concepts and student creativity. The research method applied is the Define, Design, Development and Dissemination, development model with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The validation results for the media aspect 97.4%, material 97.6%, and language 98.2%, which stated that the media was very suitable for learning. Increasing mastery of science concepts in the experimental class obtained an average difference of 39.8 and an N-Gain of 0.76 with very effective criteria. Meanwhile, increasing mastery of science concepts in the control class received an average difference of 26 and an N-Gain of 0.52 with less effective criteria. Increasing student creativity in the experimental class obtained an average difference of 37.5 and an N-Gain of 0.59 with quite effective criteria. This research concludes that learning media is suitable and effective in increasing students' mastery of science concepts and creativity.

Du système des inégalités aux classes sociales

On the basis of data provided by the public statistics apparatus, a methodical analysis of the inequalities existing between social categories is able to support the thesis of the persistence of the division of French society into social classes. In recent decades neoliberal policies have accentuated these inequalities. In addition, French society, like all others, is crossed by other cleavages. We will return briefly to these elements in the first section (1). We will then recall the theoretical stakes raised by the concept of social classes, in other words the problematic to which this concept intends to respond and the terms in which it meets it (2). Finally, we will draw from this analysis of inequalities some general conclusions: first those concerning their systemic nature; second, the fact that they always result from a conflictuality involving policies, private and public; finally, the fact that these inequalities are confronting collective subjects (3).

Incorporating a Hands-On Device-Based Activity in a Human Factors Biomedical Engineering Course in Sub-Saharan Africa

A challenge in building the biomedical engineering human factors course at Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences was integrating meaningful direct experiences with medical products. The instructor also noticed a significant gap between the topics in the course and their surrounding clinical context, a low-income setting. Recognizing that devices should be designed and evaluated in the context of the local users’ needs and situations, new hands-on modules were created and implemented in this BME human factors course. Students were asked to critically evaluate and make recommendations to improve the human factors aspects of the software and hardware of the IMPALA, a vital signs monitoring device developed for use in Malawi. Engaging with this medical device, students observed and understood many issues discussed in human factors, including the design of ports, controls, and other user interfaces. The collaboration between the course and the IMPALA project harnessed the local expertise of students to improve the design of a new patient monitoring system. Thus, the IMPALA project itself benefited from this collaboration. Second, students greatly benefited from applying the class concepts to the IMPALA. Students were engaged far more during the interactive components than during the lecture components. Many students successfully translated their knowledge on human factors to their final-year design project.

The Influence of Learning Interest on Understanding of Mathematical Concepts in Class XI PH 1 Students at SMKN 6

The Influence of Learning Interest on Understanding of Mathematical Concepts in Class XI PH 1 Students at SMKN 6

Topological Deformations of Manifolds by Algebraic Compositions in Polynomial Rings

The interactions between topology and algebraic geometry expose various interesting properties. This paper proposes the deformations of topological n-manifolds over the automorphic polynomial ring maps and associated isomorphic imbedding of locally flat submanifolds within the n-manifolds. The manifold deformations include topologically homeomorphic bending of submanifolds at multiple directions under algebraic operations. This paper introduces the concept of a topological equivalence class of manifolds and the associated equivalent class of polynomials in a real ring. The concepts of algebraic compositions in a real polynomial ring and the resulting topological properties (homeomorphism, isomorphism and deformation) of manifolds under algebraic compositions are introduced. It is shown that a set of ideals in a polynomial ring generates manifolds retaining topological isomorphism under algebraic compositions. The numerical simulations are presented in this paper to illustrate the interplay of topological properties and the respective real algebraic sets generated by polynomials in a ring within affine 3-spaces. It is shown that the coefficients of polynomials generated by a periodic smooth function can induce mirror symmetry in manifolds. The proposed formulations do not consider the simplectic class of manifolds and associated quantizable deformations. However, the proposed formulations preserve the properties of Nash representations of real algebraic manifolds including Nash isomorphism.

Homogeneous star-operations on graded integral domains

Let Γ be a torsion-free cancellative monoid and let R = ⊕ α ∈ Γ R α be a graded integral domain. In this paper, we define the concept of homogeneous star-operations, which is a generalization of that of star-operations, and apply some properties of star-operations. Also, we define the concept of homogeneous divisor classes, which is the graded integral domain version of that of divisor classes, and study some equivalent conditions for the set of homogeneous divisor classes H D ( R ) of R to be a group.

The Relationship Between Learning Activities and the Ability to Understand Natural Science Concepts in Class V

This research aims to: 1) Describe the relationship between student learning activities and understanding of science concepts in the material of changes in the shape of objects. The research used is correlation or relationship research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all 5th grade students at SDN 14 Kuala Selakau with a total of 26 students. The sampling technique used was the saturated sampling technique. Saturated sampling technique is a sample determination technique when all members of the population are used as samples. Data were analyzed univariately with a significance level of 5% (0.05). For hypothesis testing, a prerequisite test was used, namely the normality test using the Chi square formula. The results of the research show that: 1) There is a relationship between learning activities and students' understanding of science concepts in the material on changes in the shape of point objects with the criteria for the strength of the relationship being in the very strong category with a correlation coefficient of 0.98. Understanding students' concepts provides a coefficient of 97.81% for student learning activities and the remaining 2.19% is influenced by other factors. Thus, it can be concluded that if the student's learning activities are good, the higher the student's understanding of science concepts, or conversely, the lower the student's learning activities, the lower the student's understanding of science concepts.

PERBANDINGAN METODE DEMONSTRASI DAN METODE DISKUSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP TRIGONOMETRI PADA SISWA KELAS X SMASWASTA KAMPUS TELUK DALAM

The purpose of this research is to determine the comparison of demonstration methods and discussion methods in increasing understanding of trigonometry concepts in Class X SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam. This research uses a type of quantitative research, namely experimental class 1 using the demonstration method and experimental class 2 using the discussion method. The population in experimental class 1 is class X-A of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam, totaling 30 students, while the population in experimental class 2 is class X-B of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam the totaling 28 students. Results of the research stated that in experimental class 1 by carrying out the pretest the average learning outcome was 58,28 and the posttest obtained an average learning outcome of 73,41. Meanwhile, in experimental class 2, the pretest obtained an average learning result of 57,85 and the posttest obtained an average learning result of 61,32. So, there is a comparison of the demonstration method with the discussion method. The conclusion of the research based on hypothesis test calculations is that tcount = 2.74 is greater than ttable = 2.004 with a significance of 5% because tcount > ttable then Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, which means the research shows that there is a difference in understanding the concept of trigonometry between students taught using the demonstration method and students who are taught using the discussion method in class X of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam. Students taught using the demonstration method tend to have better understanding than students taught using the discussion method. It is hoped that every subject teacher applies the demonstration method to improve students' learning abilities and students' understanding of concepts in Trigonometry material as well as to serve as a guide or reference for every reader or researcher who wants to write their next thesis.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 ULUSUSUA PADA MATERI KOORDINAT KARTESIUS

The problem of this research is the lack of ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian Coordinates material. The aim of this research is 1) To describe the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian coordinates material through a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts. 2) to find out students' obstacles in completing Cartesian coordinates material through a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The informants in this research were 22 students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua. Based on the results of tests on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian coordinates material, it is known that the average student score is 45.55, which can be classified into several score categories, namely 1 person (5%) has a very good score, 2 good scores. people (9%), the fair score was 10 people (45%), the poor score category was 7 people (32%) and the very poor score was 2 people (9%). So it can be concluded that the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua is dominant in the sufficient score category. The obstacles faced by students in completing the test are that students are less able to understand the concept of material and classify the concept of Cartesian coordinates in the questions, students are less able to develop their thinking regarding the concept of Cartesian coordinates, students do not understand the representation of the concept of Cartesian coordinates and students are less able to use algorithms. solve the problem correctly. Researchers suggest that students must understand the importance of the ability to understand mathematical concepts and teachers should pay attention to how important students' ability to understand mathematical concepts is in mathematics learning.

Rethinking “Transition” in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union Through the Lens of Disability

ABSTRACT The concept of disability can serve as a valuable lens through which a host of established subjects can be revisited in a new light. These include welfare and “welfare dependency,” unemployment, gender relations, social movements, and grassroots activities, the impact of international norms such as human rights and their application in local contexts, and the impact of neoliberal reforms. Despite this potential, disability, unlike the concepts of class, “race,” sexuality, and ethnicity, has yet to make inroads into the field of postsocialist studies. It is precisely this lacuna which our special issue seeks to address.

Biomimicking covalent organic frameworks nanocomposite coating for integrated enhanced anticorrosion and antifouling properties of a biodegradable magnesium stent

The utilization of biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys in the fabrication of temporary non-vascular stents is an innovative trend in biomedical engineering. However, the heterogeneous degradation profiles of these biomaterials, together with potential bacterial colonization that could precipitate infectious or stenotic complications, are critical obstacles precluding their widespread clinical application. In pursuit of overcoming these limitations, this study applies the principles of biomimicry, particularly the hydrophobic and anti-fouling characteristics of lotus leaves, to pioneer the creation of nanocomposite coatings. These coatings integrate poly-trimethylene carbonate (PTMC) with covalent organic frameworks (COFs), to modify the stent's surface property. The strategic design of the coating's topography, porosity, and self-polishing capabilities collectively aims to decelerate degradation processes and minimize biological adhesion. The protective qualities of the coatings were substantiated through rigorous testing in both in vitro dynamic bile tests and in vivo New Zealand rabbit choledochal models. Empirical findings from these trials confirmed that the implementation of COF-based nanocomposite coatings robustly fortifies Mg implantations, conferring heightened resistance to both biocorrosion and biofouling as well as improved biocompatibility within bodily environments. The outcomes of this research elucidate a comprehensive framework for the multifaceted strategies against stent corrosion and fouling, thereby charting a visionary pathway toward the systematic conception of a new class of reliable COF-derived surface modifications poised to amplify the efficacy of Mg-based stents. Statement of SignificanceBiodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys are widely utilized in temporary stents, though their rapid degradation and susceptibility to bacterial infection pose significant challenges. Our research has developed a nanocomposite coating inspired by the lotus, integrating poly-trimethylene carbonate with covalent organic frameworks (COF). The coating achieved self-polishing property and optimal surface energy on the Mg substrate, which decelerates stent degradation and reduces biofilm formation. Comprehensive evaluations utilizing dynamic bile simulations and implantation in New Zealand rabbit choledochal models reveal that the coating improves the durability and longevity of the stent. The implications of these findings suggest the potential COF-based Mg alloy stent surface treatments and a leap forward in advancing stent performance and endurance in clinical applications.

Smart Class System Prototyping through Sustainable Infrastructure Based on Mobile Application SPACE (Smart Program - Class Architecture) Integrated Smart Building Management System

Optimizing innovation in the use of health technology in infrastructure will directly impact the conditions of social interaction in the community, including within the scope of the school area. The Smart Class concept collaborates with learning carried out in a hybrid way. However, it is not yet fully optimized by digitizing the existing infrastructure with the concept of managing school facilities and infrastructure. The implementation of the Smart Class uses the intelligent building management system (IBMS), where this system integrates all parts of the building with the Internet of Things (IoT), facilities, and infrastructure and can minimize pandemic transmission in the academic sphere by accessing via mobile app. This research aims to analyze the design of the smart program class architecture integrated monitoring system to implement IoT-integrated health protocols, especially in the middle school scope. This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods with descriptive analysis through the development of user research at the system design stage. The output of this innovation is how schools implement digital technology comprehensively, starting from the application of IoT, sensors, and databases in a real-time mobile app environment. There are three main things: the data input, data processing, and output value. The intervention of school needs can be expanded with the integration of the learning management system in the form of integrated learning management the learning process, which is in line with monitoring the use of infrastructure in schools. Through this Smart Class concept, schools can still operate optimally without any applicable health policies and can provide excellent academic services.
 Keywords: smart class system prototyping, sustainable infrastructure mobile application, SPACE smart building management system

From the History of Leśniewski’s Mereology

Abstract In this paper, we want to present the genesis of Stanisław Leśniewski’s mereology. Although ‘mereology’ comes from theword ‘part’, mereology arose as a theory of collective classes. That is why we present the differences between the concepts of being a distributive class and being a collective class. Next, we present Leśniewski’s original mereology from 1927, but with a modern approach. Leśniewski was inspired to create his concept of classes and their elements by Russell’s antinomy. To face it, Leśniewski had to define the concept of being an element of based on the concept of being part of. Leśniewski showed that in his theory, there is no equivalent to Russell’s antinomy. We will show that his solution has nothing to do with the original approach because, in both cases, we are talking about objects of a different kind. Russell’s original antinomy concerned distributive classes, and Leśsniewski’s considerations concerned collective classes.

A total rip-off—crack propagation in paper

The explanation of material properties starts at a young age identifying materials using words such as strong or brittle, but it is not until higher education that we teach how and why materials break along with what brittle really means. It is an important concept to understand, as a material that could be thought strong can be made to appear weak with the addition of a very small crack. As force is applied, these cracks, introduced through dents, scratches or even from the manufacturing process, can rapidly grow, leading to catastrophic failure. To help educators explain this concept in class without the need for specialised equipment or teaching complex theory, we present a set of accessible experiments on the fracture strength of paper strips. We show how the complexity of the experiment can be modified for various age groups, ranging from an engaging session for younger students pulling paper strips to a more involved extended practical using analytical solutions and fitting to determine the fracture strength of paper. These experiments have been delivered successfully to students of various ages and have led to stimulating discussions on the subject of materials science and engineering.

Society with Indian Characteristics: Caste, Class, and Species in Contemporary Retellings of the Rāmāyaṇa

AbstractThis paper analyzes the construction of Indian society in retellings of the Rāmāyaṇa published in India between 2010 and 2020. I focus on the concepts of caste, class, and mythological species. Through discourse analysis of a corpus of retellings, nonfiction works by the same authors, and comparisons with secondary literature, I show how specific castes, classes, and species are assimilated to one another and contrasted with competing identities. I also show how such representations define positive traits of Indianness and contrast them with the opposite negative traits of Otherness. I conclude that, despite differences in style, the retellers imagine an ancient pre-colonial India imbued with the modern neoliberal values of freedom of choice and social mobility.

Age Guessing: A Game to Introduce Fundamental Statistical Concepts

We develop a spreadsheet-based game to illustrate fundamental statistical concepts in the first class of an undergraduate Statistics course to motivate students about the topics that they will learn in upcoming classes. This game has been implemented by Google Forms and Google Sheets and can be played in both online and in-person classes of small and large sizes. Statistics is one of the most anxiety-inducing courses for undergraduate students, especially if mathematics is not the focus of their program. Negative anecdotes about the course, mathematics anxiety, and not knowing what the course is exactly about and how practical it can be are among the reasons that contribute to statistics anxiety. The first class provides a good opportunity for an instructor to mitigate these negative impressions and to set a positive attitude toward the course. A pre- and post-game group discussion that we have conducted systematically for six years suggests that the game addresses the students’ negative impression about the course and helps them gain a clearer understanding of the tools and skills they will learn in Statistics. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Accessibility to Education during the “Coup-Vid”: An Overview of Online Learning in Myanmar

While the concept of online classes is not new to the rest of the world, this became a common mode of learning in Myanmar only when the COVID-19 challenges became a reality in 2020 as physical classrooms could no longer be used. When the coup d’etat was staged in 2021, education was further halted since many schools and their students did not have the resources to teach and learn online in addition to the political instability. However, online learning has been trending on social media for those who do have access to these resources. This paper will investigate the ways in which young people engage in education facing the “coup–vid” (coup + COVID-19), the motivation behind such engagement, and insights how they are benefiting from digital tools for learning.

Blended Learning Using PhET and Props to Improve Students Concept Understanding

This study aims to improve students' understanding of concepts for high school class X on topic of Work and Energy. This research is a quantitative research, a type of experimental research, namely Tru Experimental Design. The research design used pre-post test experiment design. Instruments used in research using assessment of students' concept understanding. The results of the study of concept understanding using the Blended Learning model are 0.69 and Conventional is 0.64 which both use PhET media and teaching aids. Blended Learning is slightly higher. The effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning between Blended Learning classes shows the average result of understanding student concepts is 84.08 and conventional classes show the average result of understanding student concepts is 82.11. The independent t-test analysis was -1.02 and the significant 2-tailed was 0.31, while the 0.05 study alpa showed 0.300.05. Significant results show that Blended Learning classes are more effective than conventional classes.

Use of the Read, Answer, Discuss, Explain and Create Learning Model in Science Learning Knowledge Nature to Improve Elementary School Students' Ability to Understand Concepts

Students' understanding of concepts is a form of ability to master a number of learning materials, where students do not just know and remember, but are able to re-express the concepts they understand using their own language or in a form that is easier to understand and comprehend. able to apply. The purpose of this research is to determine the increase in students' conceptual understanding abilities by using the RADEC learning model in science learning. The research method used is a mixed method with a sequential explanatory research design. The population in this study were all students in one of the West Bandung Regency elementary schools with a sample of 35 grade IV students. The instruments used in this research were test and non-test instruments. Data analysis techniques were carried out in a way Qualitative and quantitative . The results of this research are based on the results of pretest and posttest answers to students' concept understanding abilities. To strengthen these results, observations, interviews and distribution of student questionnaires were carried out regarding the difficulties of teachers and students in implementing this learning activity. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the use of the RADEC learning model can improve the ability to understand concepts in class IV students as evidenced by the sig (Paired Sample T-Test) value of 0.000 < 0.05