Class Attendance Research Articles

Exploring the Multidimensional Influences on Sleep and Active Heart Rate Dynamics: A Comprehensive Study

This study offers an in-depth examination of how various social, personal, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors are associated with both sleep and active heart rate dynamics among college students. Utilizing data collected from 487 participants over a span of 637 days via wearable technology, this research aims to unravel the intricate relationships that influence heart rate variations. Through the application of latent growth-curve modeling, we meticulously analyzed the trajectory of heart rate changes and their associations with a broad spectrum of influencing factors. This methodological approach allowed for a nuanced understanding of the dynamic interplay between heart rate and its determinants over time. The analysis revealed a consistent increase in both sleep and active heart rates across the study period, accompanied by stable standard deviations. Peer influence significantly impacted sleep and active heart rates, especially at rest. Gender and race/ethnicity were associated with heart rate dynamics, as were conscientiousness and depression levels. Environmental factors, including days of the week, academic periods, and weather conditions, exhibited significant effects. Behavioral factors, such as physical activity and daily class attendance, played a substantial role in heart rate patterns. Our findings underscore the complex interplay of factors influencing heart rate dynamics in young adults. Tailored interventions should consider these multifaceted influences to promote optimal cardiovascular well-being.

Positive Influences of Integrating Information Communication Technology in Teaching English at a Technical and Vocational Training College

The paper investigated the positive influence of integrating Information Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching English to National Certificate NC (V) students at a Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) college. A qualitative research approach was used in this research to explore and determine ways in which ICT can be used in teaching English. The research’s participants were fifteen NC (V) lecturers offering English. Semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews were conducted with Heads of Departments (HODs), Senior Education Specialists (SES), Education Specialists (ES), and NC(V) English lecturers. This paper found that there are barriers when it comes to integrating ICT in teaching English, and these were teacher-level barriers, student-level barriers, and school-level barriers. It is hoped that this research will contribute towards strategic ways that will ensure that ICT is integrated in teaching English at Nkangala TVET College, as this will improve students’ class attendance and enhance teaching and learning.

Students' Tendencies to Attend Distance Education Courses and Their Academic Achievement

ABSTRACTThis study examines the academic achievement and attendance duration status of formal education students taking distance education courses using structural equation modelling (SEM). A total of 842 video recordings of online courses attended by 304 students on the MS Teams video conference platform were analysed. It was revealed that 29% of the attendance period was explained by course duration, lateness duration and course type, while 41% of grade point average (GPA) could be explained by course duration, lateness duration, course type and duration of course. The most significant impact on class attendance was lateness to class. Data showed that gender had a moderator effect on the effect of course type on GPA. Results also indicated that the method of teaching has a moderator role in the effect of attendance time on GPA and that the effect of attendance time on GPA is higher in asynchronous classes.

Strengthening Of Students’ Class Attendance Using Biometric Authentication System To Enhance Delivery Of Competence-Based Quality Education

Delivery of competence-based quality education for students' academic achievements strongly correlates with effective student class attendance. In Tanzania, no student registered by the NACTVET is eligible for examination unless he/she has earned 75% of class attendance. In this regard, most education institutions use paper-based class attendance to manage students' class attendance. The system requires students to sign to his/her name as the class session is in progress. Despite this effort made by educational institutions still, the manual process of monitoring and tracking students’ class attendance remains challenging for module facilitators. This study examined the problem associated with the paper-based methods of monitoring and tracking students’ class attendance by collecting primary data using questionnaires from students of higher learning institutions in the Arusha Region. After the data analysis findings revealed that paper-based students’ class attendance has many drawbacks which include time-consuming and students’ signature impersonation. The paper-based class attendance facilitates dishonest students to forge the signatures of the absent students. To address these challenges, the study recommends education institutions implement cost-effective biometric class attendance such as fingerprints or facial recognition scanners, which can automatically monitor and keep students' attendance records on the database without interfering with the class session.

Associations Between Patients' Primary Language and Outcomes and Patient Engagement Process Metrics for Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Previous research has indicated language-based disparities in outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty. In this study, we examined the relationship between primary spoken language and outcomes and patient engagement process metrics in a multihospital academic health system. This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent elective primary total hip or knee arthroplasty in 2018 to 2022. Primary language was categorized as English, Spanish, and Other. Associations were examined between language and perioperative outcomes (same-day discharge, extended hospital length of stay, nonhome discharge, 30-day hospital returns, 90-day readmissions, and 90-day combined complications), and engagement-related metrics (preoperative joint class attendance and patient-reported outcome measure [PROM] completion). We report adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among 8,220 patients (7.9% Spanish and 5.1% Other non-English), we found no notable associations between language and same-day discharge, nonhome discharge, 30-day hospital returns, 90-day readmissions, or 90-day complications. Other (versus English) language was significantly associated with decreased odds of extended length of stay (OR 0.49, 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.76, P = 0.001). In patient engagement, Other (versus English) language was associated with significantly decreased odds of preoperative class attendance (OR 0.72, 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.95, P = 0.02). Spanish (versus English) primary language was significantly associated with decreased odds of preoperative and 1-year PROM completion (OR 0.34 to 0.75, P ≤ 0.001), and Other (versus English) primary language was significantly associated with decreased odds of preoperative PROM completion (OR 0.59, 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.73, P < 0.001). Our findings highlight language-based disparities in patient engagement metrics but comparable outcomes. Differences in findings compared with past literature may be related to institution-specific language-related support systems. There is a need for additional resources to support patients' active participation in their care, regardless of their primary spoken language.

Increasing Student Interest in Learning through the Implementation of the K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm in Classifying Learning Preferences at SMAN 1 Kraksaan

This research examines the effectiveness of implementing the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm in classifying student learning preferences and its impact on increasing interest in learning at SMAN 1 Kraksaan. The main aim of the research is to optimize learning methods through personalization based on individual student preferences. The study involved 560 students of SMAN 1 Kraksaan, with data including variables of age, gender, academic grades, daily study time, attendance and participation in class. The KNN algorithm is used to classify students' learning preferences into visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and reading/writing categories. The learning method is then adjusted based on the results of this classification. The results show that the KNN algorithm is able to classify student learning preferences with an accuracy of 80.36%. After implementing personalized learning methods, there was a significant increase in students' interest in learning, with an average increase of 1.76 points on a 10-point scale. Paired t-test analysis showed a statistically significant difference between interest in learning before and after intervention (p &lt; 0.0001). This research concludes that the implementation of the KNN algorithm in classifying learning preferences can help increase students' interest in learning effectively. These findings emphasize the importance of personalization in education and demonstrate the potential of integrating machine learning in the pedagogical process to improve learning outcomes.

Design, Development and Testing of Electronic Class Attendance using Fingerprint

Electronic Class Attendance System (e-CAS) is an easy way to keep track of attendance of students and lecturers in School. It will cover the requirements of the personnel department in terms of day-to-day monitoring of students' and lecturers activities. Hence, students’ attendance is an important issue every institution must take into consideration to be productive. Hence, this research aims to design, develop and test using fingerprints. The methodologies used were miniature techniques and image processing techniques for design and development. This target was mainly decomposed into image pre-processing, feature extraction and feature match. For each sub-task, some classical and up-to-date methods in literature were analysed. Based on the analysis, an integrated solution for electronic class attendance was developed for demonstration. However, Poison probability process, Biometrics as well as NP-chart of Quality control were adopted for classical statistical analysis of quality and functionality of the e-Class Attendance System (e-CAS). The project on electronic class attendance system was coded by PHP and the hardware was developed with ATMEGA series of microcontrollers. The result when experimented achieved the objective of improving the performance and consistency of the electronic class attendance system based on template matching techniques as well as class attendance for both students and lecturers.

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Yoga-Based Intervention Targeting Anger Management for People Who Are Incarcerated.

Introduction: Incarceration represents an opportune moment to improve self-management of anger and aggression. A hatha yoga-based intervention (YBI) could serve as a useful adjunctive intervention for anger within prisons. Methods: We enrolled 40 people with elevated levels of anger who were incarcerated (20 in a women's facility, and 20 in a men's facility) in a 10-week pilot randomized controlled trial of a YBI versus. a health education (HE) control group. Participants attended their respective groups once per week. We examined indices of feasibility and acceptability, including intervention credibility, expectancy the intervention would be helpful, intervention satisfaction, class attendance, engagement in personal practice, instructor fidelity, intervention safety, and study recruitment and retention rates. We also examined changes in clinical outcomes including anger, depression, anxiety, and behavioral infractions over time. Results: We met targets for several outcomes: credibility of the YBI and HE interventions, expectancy that they would be helpful, and satisfaction with the programs. Instructors demonstrated fidelity to both manuals. There were no serious adverse events related to study participation. Class attendance did not meet our target outcome in either facility and rates of personal practice met our target outcome in the men's but not the women's facility. For people enrolled in the YBI, anger, depression, and anxiety tended to decrease over time. Qualitative interviews with participants pointed to overall high satisfaction with the YBI and provided information on facility-related barriers to class attendance. Conclusion: Although we did not meet all our feasibility targets in this study, we note high participant enthusiasm. Thus, we believe this line of research is worth pursuing, with further attention to ways to decrease facility-related barriers to class attendance and personal practice. Clinical trials registration: NCT05336123.

Gym Management System Using Python Django

An inventive software program called the Gym Management System (GMS) was created to maximize and simplify the functioning of gyms and fitness centers. In a time when fitness and health are more important than ever, effective management tools are essential. By making use of the Django web framework, this project makes it possible to create a solid, user-friendly platform that meets the various needs of gym management, employees, and patrons. The GMS includes all of the necessary features, including class scheduling, attendance monitoring, member registration, and payment processing. The initiative intends to increase member involvement and operational efficiency by combining these features into a single system. The fitness sector has grown quickly, and this has made effective gym management systems more and more necessary. Conventional methods of managing gyms, which frequently depend on manual procedures, are ineffective and prone to mistakes, especially when the number of memberships and services offered increases. The design, development, and implementation of a comprehensive Gym Management System (GMS) are presented in this paper. The GMS automates a number of operational tasks, including scheduling fitness sessions, tracking attendance, accepting payments, and managing trainers. Through the use of an intuitive interface, the suggested system seeks to increase data accuracy, optimize member experience, and streamline administrative processes.

Effect of an 18-Month Meditation Training on Telomeres in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the Age-Well Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundShorter telomeres are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and age-related diseases. Developing interventions to promote healthy aging by preserving telomere integrity is of paramount importance. Here, we investigated the effect of an 18-month meditation intervention on telomere length (TL) measures in older people without cognitive impairment. MethodsA total of 137 adults age ≥65 years were randomized to one of the 3 groups (meditation training, non-native language training, or passive control). We evaluated the 50th and 20th percentile TL and the percentage of critically short telomeres (<3 kbp) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ResultsMixed model analysis showed a time effect indicating a general decrease on the 50th percentile TL (F = 80.72, padjusted < .001), without a significant group effect or time × group interaction. No significant effect was detected in the 20th percentile TL or the percentage of critically short telomeres. Secondary analysis showed that only in the meditation training group 1) the 50th percentile TL positively correlated with class attendance time (r = 0.45, padjusted < .011), 2) the 50th and 20th percentile TL positively correlated with responsiveness to the intervention, evaluated through a composite score (r = 0.46, padjusted < .010 and r = 0.41, padjusted = .029, respectively), and 3) lower scores on a measure of the personality trait “openness to experience” correlated with a lower percentage of critically short telomeres after the intervention (r = 0.44, padjusted = .015). ConclusionsIn older adults, we found no evidence for a main effect of an 18-month meditation training program on TL compared with the control groups. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the impact of moderating factors when measuring the effectiveness of meditation-based trainings.

An Automated Face Detection and Recognition for Class Attendance

Class attendance is a crucial indicator of students' seriousness towards learning. Many institutions continue to use manual methods, which are usually error-prone and unproductive. By leveraging computer vision algorithms, the system accurately captures and verifies the identity of students attending class. This paper aims to investigate and create an automated facial recognition system for classroom attendance to increase the precision and effectiveness of the attendance tracking system. To achieve this, we propose a system using computer vision technologies, namely Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) with Support Vector Machine (SVM) for face detection and deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for face identification. The facial recognition system simplifies attendance recording, requiring participants to only gaze into the camera for the system to record their presence automatically. The system is rigorously tested and evaluated, and its accuracy is compared to our institution's current QR code attendance method. The study results reveal that the recommended approach is more accurate and competent than the existing procedures. The system allows for precise attendance records with real-time face detection and recognition capabilities. This technology ensures accurate and reliable attendance data, empowering organizations to make informed decisions, effectively manage resources, and provide a seamless experience for all students. In addition, a similar attendance system can be deployed for any event in an organization, thereby enhancing overall operational efficiency.

Factors Associated with Knowledge and Attitudes on Sexual Reproductive Health among Secondary Schools Students in Muhanga District, Rwanda

This study sought to assess the socio-demographic variables linked with secondary school students' awareness of sexual wellness, to describe the knowledge and attitudes level regarding sexual reproductive health among secondary schools’ students, to assess factors associated with knowledge and attitudes on sexual reproductive health among secondary schools students in Muhanga District. The study was a descriptive in nature whereby the characteristics of various variables were analyzed, described and some relationships were established. Thus, it applied quantitative data. The study emphasized on secondary school students from level four to level six in Muhanga District. Therefore, the study excluded a small portion of the students that belong to the targeted population that will be out of the class attendance during the period of data collection of the researcher. From the total population of 2270, the researcher selected a sample of 96 students that participated in the study as the respondents and the questionnaire were applied to extract relevant information. The study revealed that the respondents have adequate knowledge and attitudes relevant to sexual reproductive health as proved by the following fact files retrieved from the results of the study. Most of the respondents that are 85.4% covering the average of 4.24 know well that Pregnancy can when there is union of ovum and sperm issued from sexual intercourse. The students have knowledge and attitudes that condoms can prevent pregnancy as they agreed the statement at 90.2% reflecting the mean of 4.01. The students have adequate that relevant knowledge as they admitted the statement at 97.3%. The most influencer factor of sexual reproductive knowledge and attitudes of secondary school students are health promotion in schools at 93.55%, availability of reproductive health services contributes to sexual reproductive health of secondary school students at 74.8%. Thus, the researcher found out that knowledge and attitudes on sexual reproductive health is influenced by education, place of residence, health promotion in schools and availability of reproductive health services at moderate level.

Day Centre Functional Physiotherapy Classes for Older People; Client Survey

Abstract Background Our Long-Term Residential Care facility provides physiotherapy services for approximately 117 Day Care clients. As part of our local Quality Improvement Programme, we wished to assess client perception of Day Centre Functional physiotherapy classes to help ascertain their perception regarding exercise intensity of classes, ability to follow guidance in class and ask questions. Emphasis of the class is to promote a learning environment, improve health literacy and functional independence of clients. As Falls Prevention is key re National Programme for older people (NCOP) and National Frailty Education, questions related to falls frequency and fear of falls prevalence. Methods This was a survey distributed to our Day Centre clients who attend physiotherapy. All Older adults (&amp;gt; 65 years), This was a qualitative survey distributed to our Day Centre clients who attend physiotherapy. All Older adults (&amp;gt; 65 years) Results 70% response rate. 100% reported feeling comfortable asking Physio instructor questions &amp; that exercise guidance was clear and understandable. 96% reported being physically able to keep up with class intensity. 80% reported class intensity as moderate, 20% as high, 0% reported class intensity as easy. 84% reported a fear of falling. 17% reported no fall in the previous year. 68% reported 1-3 falls, 15% reported &amp;gt; 3 falls in last year. Class attendances reported: 4% 0-5 classes, 18% 5-10 classes, 78% more than 10 classes. Conclusion Results obtained from the survey have provided worthwhile feedback and supports that Falls prevention measures should address fear of falls. Significant findings on client satisfaction/perception of exercise intensity noted. Next steps will include tailoring physiotherapy classes for this demographic to include fear of falling, optimising exercise intensity, promoting health literacy and best practice for exercise prescription. Also, consideration of further objective testing of balance post physio class programme period to ascertain success of exercise classes.

Class attendance and academic performance in geography programs

ABSTRACT Regular class attendance has traditionally been seen as a positive contributor to academic success in higher education. However, progress in educational technologies, evolving learning styles, and self-directed learning have given rise to a debate on the role of physical presence of students in class. This study aimed to analyse the impact of class attendance on academic performance. For this, class attendance was daily registered across multiple geography courses in various universities over five academic years. Results showed that the average class attendance was 67.6%, although a decline in class attendance as courses progressed was observed. Despite this, only a relatively low proportion of students failed their subject (16.8%). Nevertheless, statistical analysis showed significant differences in final grades between students with high and low attendance. Generally, students with above-average attendance were prone to earn an above-average final grade, and vice versa. Therefore, it could be established that class attendance was an indicator of academic success, while significant levels of absenteeism could work as indicators of worse academic performance. Recognizing the importance of in-person attendance is crucial, but addressing forthcoming challenges is equally important. Future research should explore the use of emerging technologies and learning styles to foster more suitable learning environments.

The Impact of Internet Addiction on Academic Performance Among Medical Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study and the Potential Role of Yoga.

Excessive internet use is a growing concern globally, and internet addiction negatively impacts academic performance. Limited research has been conducted on this topic among undergraduate medical students in Bangladesh. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of internet addiction and its impact on academic performance among medical students in Bangladesh, with a focus on the role of yoga in reducing Internet addiction as a proposed intervention. A cross-sectional study was conducted among third-year medical students in four colleges in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Simple random sampling techniques were used to select participants, and data were collected using pretested questionnaires and a checklist for office records through face-to-face interviews. SPSS version 25 was used for data processing and analysis. Out of 312 students, 84% were addicted to the internet, and only 16% were normal. In total, 64.4% had good results in the first professional examination, while 35.6% had poor results. In total, 85.9% had good attendance, while 14.1% had poor attendance. The association between internet addiction level and first professional examination results and class attendance was highly significant. This study highlights the high prevalence and negative impacts of internet addiction among medical students in Bangladesh. The study suggests that promoting awareness about healthy technology use, establishing a better balance between internet usage and academic study, and encouraging the practice of yoga can help alleviate this problem. Further research and interventions are needed to tackle this emerging public health issue. Encouraging students to use the internet for academic purposes and providing education and resources can help promote healthy technology use. Healthcare professionals should also be aware of the risks and encourage seeking help if needed.

Implementation of Virtual Yoga Shared Medical Appointment (VYSMA) Pilot at an Academic Medical Center Within a Mixed-Diagnosis Oncology Population.

Yoga is highly sought after by people seeking oncology care, endorsed by clinical practice guidelines, and supported by leading cancer organizations, yet barriers related to access, time, cost, and availability of quality providers remain. Shared medical appointments (SMA), a group healthcare model where patients with similar medical conditions participate in a collective appointment with healthcare providers, are associated with increased access to quality care, patient satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction. We piloted a unique insurance-covered virtual yoga SMA series to assess feasibility and acceptability in a mixed-diagnosis population. In this prospective cohort pilot, a trauma-informed Hanna Somatic Yoga instructor and an integrative medicine physician co-led yoga SMAs via live web-based conferencing. SMA content included conscious self-regulation through mind-body practices including breathing, movement, visualization, meditation, chanting, and guided relaxation. Qualitative and quantitative data were gathered to assess satisfaction with the 88 sessions offered over 33 months. Sixty-nine participants with diverse demographics attended a total of 500 visits. Class attendance ranged from 2-11 participants (mean 6 participants). Participants attended a mean of 7 sessions (range 1-63 sessions), with 63% attending > 1 session. Participants' diagnoses/symptoms included cancer (77%), anxiety/depression (38%), and pain (38%). Preseries, participants reported pain, weakness, neuropathy, lymphedema, insomnia, and fatigue. Postseries survey results suggested improvements in anxiety/fear, pain, fatigue, poor sleep, neuropathy, brain fog, isolation, weakness, inflexibility, and poor balance. Postseries, participants also reported incorporating mindfulness, breathing techniques, somatic skills, weight training, and yoga into their daily routines, with 91% reporting that their goals had been met. Participants appreciated remote delivery, learning new skills, community, and the instructors. This virtual yoga SMA series in a diverse population with mixed diagnoses was feasible, acceptable to participants, and showed promising positive impact. A larger randomized controlled trial with longer follow-up is recommended.

Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) and Cyber Schooling: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT Research has established the importance of social-emotional learning (SEL) in traditional public schools, but not cyber schools. In this correlational regression study, we use students (n = 18,206) from a national cyber charter school network to examine whether items in the Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning (CASEL) SEL index inter-correlate in cyber schools, and whether CASEL has statistical relationships with club membership, synchronous class attendance, and academic outcomes. Cross sectional analyses find that for cyber charter students, CASEL individual items correlate with each other, and that CASEL from 1st semester (T1) to 2nd semester (T2) correlates at .63; thus, CASEL may have reasonable reliability for cyber students. Yet, in contrast to physical schools, CASEL does not correlate with SEL-related variables like club attendance and synchronous class attendance and has a weak (though positive) relationship with cumulative grade point average (GPA), suggesting important differences from its application in physical schools. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions examining SEL associations with relevant demographic intersectional characteristics reveal that Black students perform similarly to other students, but that Free and Reduced Meal (FARM) and especially Individualized Education Plan (IEP) students have lower measured SEL. Using OLS regression to examine relationships between students’ GPA and demographic characteristics (controlling for CASEL) show that generally, FARM and IEP students have lower GPA, but Black students have the same mean GPA as others, and Black students with IEPs actually have higher than average GPAs. We discuss implications and directions for future research.

Patterns and predictors of COVID-19 vaccination among young adults at 44 US sites: Secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled, open-label trial, March – December 2021

Background: The introduction of vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to slow transmission of SARS-CoV-2, but initial uptake of COVID-19 vaccination was slow. We analyzed data from a randomized clinical trial of the mRNA-1273 vaccine (NCT04811664) to describe the patterns of uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among young adults.Methods: The CoVPN 3006 trial randomized adults ages 18–29 from 44 sites in the United States to receive 1) immediate mRNA-1273 vaccination from the study site, or 2) standard of care, including the option to seek vaccination at any time in the future. Randomization occurred between March and November 2021, and an observational arm of adults who declined vaccination was enrolled beginning June 2021. Among participants in the standard of care (SoC) or Vaccine Declined arms, we estimated demographic, behavioral, and health history correlates of vaccination, and the four-month cumulative incidence of COVID-19 vaccination using inverse probability weighted Kaplan-Meier estimators.Results: Among 728 SoC and 470 Vaccine Declined participants, 79% and 16% received COVID-19 vaccination, respectively. SoC and Vaccine Declined participants were more likely to seek and receive vaccination if they reported COVID-19 preventive behaviors, including wearing masks, physically distancing, and avoiding large gatherings. We identified strong predictors of vaccination in the Vaccine Declined arm, including attending class in person (adjusted risk ratio [aRR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21, 1.03), having a COVID-19 relevant medical condition (aRR: 1.95, 95% CI: 0.89, 4.26), and avoiding large gatherings (aRR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.25), though low vaccination rates in this arm led to imprecise estimates.Conclusions: Individuals who initially decline vaccination can be convinced to vaccinate, particularly if they are already practicing other forms of COVID-19 prevention. Continued outreach and education from the scientific community can combat low vaccine confidence.

Study on Quantitative Formative Assessment of the Mathematical Analysis Course

This paper first analyzed the shortcomings of the summative final exam methods which focuses only on final exams. Then, we showed the specific implementation of the quantitative formative assessment which includes objective results and subjective scores. Objective results include the traditional written chapter test score, online mid-term and final exam scores, whereas the subjective scores include class attendance, homework, class performance, class notes, online learning on the “Jreenity” platform, chapter mind maps, the completion of ideological and political cases, and the introduction of mathematicians. Finally, the reforming achievement of the formative assessment was summarized.

Plagiarism among Higher Education Students

The problem of academic fraud has recently grown and includes plagiarism, the use of cellphones, copying from others, and writing by use of artificial intelligence (AI). The objective of this study was to examine the connection between academic dishonesty, class attendance, self-efficacy, and the use of digital tools. The study focused on higher-education students in Israel and included 121 participants. It was a mixed qualitative and quantitative study based on a structured questionnaire and on the previous literature. Studies showed that academic dishonesty increases when students fail to attend classes, have low self-efficacy, and attend classes remotely via communication platforms such as Zoom. In the current study, 50% of the participants reported that academic dishonesty was perceived as legitimate among their peer students. Preventive measures such as strengthening the students’ self-efficacy during tests and other stressful situations and emphasizing the importance of acquiring professional knowledge and skills may more effectively eliminate fraud than the common method of disciplining wrongdoers.