Clash Of Ideologies Research Articles

Performing Gender in Late Spanish Folk Revival

This article focuses on modern musical practices from Art al Quadrat, A Banda da Loba and Nun Tamos Toes which relate in a variety of ways to the idea of tradition and folklore. These musical practices represent a part of the folk revival process, revitalizing a countercultural movement, which portrays a clash of ideologies and identities. Identities and ideologies related with feminism are acted out through performance aesthetics, its staging, and musical references. Adapting, renewing and introducing new gender models and innovative main characters as part of the musical discourse are some of the main features of this reinvention. In this case, the research is focused on reshaping and reconstructing gender imaginaries of women through music. Popular music’s need to update to current social issues in order for it to become an element of social relevance is presented through the reinvention of popular music.

الاستشراق: الماضي والحاضر

This paper sheds light on the various stages, reasons, goals and agendas that the discourse of Orientalism has gone through since early centuries onwards. It exposes the critical ideological hostility between the West and the East, as well as Christianity and Islam, which has resulted in the proliferation of countless fabrications, misconceptions and lies within the discourse of Orientalism considering the Orient. The paper attempts to prove that Orientalism is a solely Western style that has never ever been pure or realistic in representing the Islamic East. However, it has always been negative and unfair in dealing with everything related to the Orient. Indeed, it is used as both a preparation and justification for the Western military and ideological clashes and colonization on the Orient. This paper includes an introduction, two sections and a conclusion. The first section provides a detailed background about the various reasons behind the appearance and development of Orientalism throughout history while the following section tracks the origin of Orientalism from the past up to the present day. The paper concludes that Orientalism is not a new phenomenon and it cannot be understood as a homogeneous discourse, yet it has changed, transformed and mutated throughout history. It is the huge Western body of literary, historical or sociological texts that only aims at dominating, restructuring and having authority over the Orient.

I Saw Ramallah and its Approach to Realistic Colonial Literature

The concept of alienation and exile was very important among the postcolonial enthusiast literary researches. Due to the sporadic nature of the topic, it was estimated that a new area of research exists to be investigated. Due to this interest, this study attempted to discuss the concepts of exile, alienation from homeland and the colonialism in Mourid Barghouti's I Saw Ramallah with postcolonial theory.The research attempted to discuss the problem of resistance and personal choices in dealing with the wave of modernization in the colonized countries or regions. It should be mentioned that while this study focused on the ideological clashes caused by colonialism, it was interested to see how a new concept of comparative literature as a discourse tolerance can reveal the meaning of literary works. To do so, this study investigated comparative literature as a form of literary studies against nationalism. In this case, the Mourid Barghouti's I Saw Ramallah investigated new ways of reading about the literature of Palestine. On the Other hand, I Saw Ramallah showed that the ideology of nationalism was one of the main reasons which cripples the Palestinian literature to offer a more realistic investigation of colonial situation in Palestine which Mourid Barghouti attempted to criticize in the novel.

The Paradox of a World Aspiring for Peace Amidst Pervasive Conflicts

This article explores the paradoxical nature of our global society, where aspirations for peace coexist with persistent conflicts. The analysis delves into the complex interplay of geopolitical, socio-economic, and cultural factors that contribute to this apparent contradiction. The study employed a mixed paradigm and descriptive survey design that sampled Institutions of higher learning, Government ministries and Non-Governmental Organizations and interviewed university lecturers, university students and NGO members. Data was obtained from respondents by means of interviews, questionnaires and project observation schedules. The sample consisted of two hundred respondents. Frequency, percentages, tables, graphs and pie-charts were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data obtained. Data was then analyzed manually in some cases and also, a combination of software MS Access and MS Excel. The findings revealed that despite the collective human desire for peace, the world continues to grapple with deep-rooted conflicts at various levels – from regional disputes to ideological clashes and this paradox highlights the challenges inherent in achieving a harmonious and conflict-free world and the study recommended that achieving global peace requires persistent effort, cooperation, and a commitment from individuals, communities, and nations around the world.

SOCIAL MEDIA GOVERNANCE VIA AN “ANEMIC” POLICY REGIME? HOW BOUNDARY SPANNING, COMPETING ISSUE DEFINITIONS, LACK OF COHESION, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAGMENTATION IMPEDE REGULATORY REFORM

Across the globe, lawmakers have enacted a range of reforms targeting the operation of large digital platforms. Within the United States, however, the push to regulate platform companies—specifically, social media—has faltered. Neither standard interest group politics, nor partisan deadlock, nor the clash of liberal versus conservative ideologies adequately account for this situation. Drawing upon historical sources, an examination of political-ideational foundations, and an empirical analysis of recent Congressional hearings, this paper argues that an “anemic” policy regime has emerged for governance of the social media sector in the United States over the past two decades. Key attributes of this regime—its boundary-spanning nature, competing issue definitions, lack of policy cohesion, and administrative fragmentation—combine to impede the capability for problem-solving on the topic of regulatory reform.

Strategies of Legitimization through Axiological Proximization in War Poetry

Despite an increased interest in war studies and militant discourse in recent years, proximization and legitimization perspectives remain scarce. This paper investigates such perspectives in war poetry by proposing a framework of axiological proximization. In this paper, we have focused upon axiological proximization that is a forced construal of a mounting ideological conflict between the political speaker and his/her enemy. This paper focuses on rhetoric of war poetry from Afghanistan and Kashmir concerning legitimization strategies. The study is qualitative in nature and lays emphasis upon the ways war poetry as a critical language embarks upon proximization and legitimization strategies especially via axiological proximization. The movement from ideological clash to the physical conflict is an essential part of axiological conflict. Axiological proximization marks the “self” with positive home-values and the “other” with alien values. This leads to antagonism between the ‘home values’ of the political speaker and ‘alien values’ of the enemy. The mechanism of axiological proximization is a salient feature of rhetoric of war poetry from Afghanistan and Kashmir where the two antagonistic ideologies are contrasted: freedom of the East versus negative values of the West.

Unveiling the Complex Tapestry: A Historical Analysis of the Vietnam War and its Impact on America

This journal article presents a comprehensive historical analysis of the Vietnam War and its profound impact on the United States. The study delves into the intricate layers of the conflict, shedding light on its causes, progression, and aftermath. By examining both the military and socio-political dimensions, the article aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the war's complexity and its lasting implications for American society, politics, and foreign policy. The Vietnam War, intricately woven from geopolitical strategies, ideological clashes, and military tactics, holds enduring significance. Emerging from colonial legacies and Cold War dynamics, its escalation echoed the domino theory and containment policy. Amidst guerrilla warfare and air power strategies, the war's reach extended beyond battlefields, resonating in the anti-war movement, cultural expressions, and societal rifts.

Ivan Minaev’s Sketches of Ceylon and India: A Russian Perspective on Nepal

Ivan Minaev (1840-1890) was one of the first great Russian Indologists and students of Buddhism. Between 1874 and 1886, he made three long journeys in which he visited Ceylon, India, Burma and Nepal. Thanks to his profound knowledge of the classic (Sanskrit and Pali) and modern languages of the Indian subcontinent, he had the opportunity not only to read ancient works, but also to meet government and elite figures as well as the people. This paper focuses in particular on Minaev's depiction of Nepal in a series of travel notes such as Ocherki Tsejlona i Indii (Eng. trans. Sketches of Ceylon and India, 1878) and in a number of essays. Aware of the military and ideological clash between England and Russia that was taking place in Central and South Asia, Minaev took an original stance towards the British colonial domination: he supported the need for the Russian government to imitate the British Empire in building important infrastructures (roads, bridges, railways), but, with regard to Nepal, he emphasises the importance of respecting the appalling richness, variety and originality of its languages, religious rites, legends and songs, which are preserved in a much uncontaminated form here than in India.

TARİHSEL PERSPEKTİFTEN TÜRKİYE'DE SİVİL TOPLUM VE DEVLET İLİŞKİSİ: MÜSİAD'IN DEĞİŞEN SİYASAL SÖYLEMİ

This paper analyzes the political discourse of the MÜSİAD under different political contexts since the establishment of the association. The analysis consists of three periods: (I) the formation years of MÜSİAD between 1990 and 1998; (II) the aftermath of the 28 February 1997 military intervention that covers the period from 1998 to the end of the 2000s; and (III) the third and fourth terms of Islamically-oriented Justice and Development Party (JDP) in the office as well as the first term of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan as the president that corresponds to the period after 2011. By a critical discourse analysis focusing on MÜSİAD’s publications—namely, the association’s periodical Çerçeve, its annual reports on Turkish economy and special reports, booklets, and books MÜSİAD published concerning specific themes such as privatization, foreign trade, constitutional reform and the EU, this paper argues that MÜSİAD’s claim of being independent of the state rooted in the clash between secular state policies and Islamic identity of the association rather than a bourgeois suspicion towards the state as seen in the Western European countries. While MÜSİAD reformulated its erstwhile critique after February 28 around democratic values, the claims of independence and critical tone of MÜSİAD’s discourse has waned after 2010 since an Islamically-oriented political party started to dominate the political system in Turkey and ended the ideological clash between the state and MÜSİAD.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and shaming on TikTok: A multimodal appraisal analysis

This paper explores the issues of vaccine hesitancy and shaming which arose in response to the implementation of World Health Organization COVID-19 recommendations, on the social media platform of TikTok. By extending Appraisal theory to include the use of visual attitudinal appraisals, the study examines how TikTok users employ the semiotic resources at their disposal within the overarching context of the pandemic. A total of 254 videos expressing pro- and anti-vaccination viewpoints, predominantly posted by American and Australian users, between 1 January 2021 and 31 January 2022, were extracted from the social media application and subjected to a computer-assisted multimodal appraisal analysis. It is shown how speakers from both groups primarily aim to elicit a strong emotional response from like-minded users, promoting polarisation. The findings further reveal an ideological clash between the objective structure of governmental healthcare protocols and the subjective orientation of the anti-vaccination group’s habitus. Since the pro-vaccination group’s own subjectivities hinder the effective sharing of information on COVID-19 via TikTok, the paper recommends the use of non-judgemental language and gestures in videos targeting a vaccine-hesitant audience.

Understanding resilience, self-reliance and increasing country voice: a clash of ideologies in global health

Background‘Resilience’, ‘self-reliance’ and ‘increasing country voice’ are widely used terms in global health. However, the terms are understood in diverse ways by various global health actors. We analyse how these...

A Study of Strategies for the Legitimation of News Discourse Based on the Perspective of Convergence Theory: ——Take the Washington Post’s news coverage of the Federal Reserve’s bailout policies during the subprime crisis as an example

In news reporting, legitimising discourse is usually present in subtle and implicit ways, potentially influencing people’s social cognition and decision making. Based on Cap’s convergence theory, this paper examines the legitimising discourse strategies in the Washington Post’s coverage of the Federal Reserve’s bailout policy. Through the integration and analysis of the three dimensions of the corpus, it is found that temporal convergence aims to link future presuppositions with present events, highlighting the Federal Reserve’s large role in solving the subprime mortgage crisis, in order to construct the legitimacy of the act. Spatial convergence, on the other hand, highlights the negative impact of the external entity represented by the NFIs on the internal entity represented by the US and the positive impact of the measures taken by the internal entity, thus paving the way for arguing the legitimacy of one’s own discourses and behaviours. Value convergence, on the other hand, demonstrates the potential for ideological conflict to be transformed into actual conflict by showing the clash of values and ideologies between external and internal entities in the discursive space. The study of convergence theory in this paper contributes to the construction and interpretation of the legitimation of political discourse and, at the same time, to some extent provides a reference for subsequent research on convergence and legitimation theory.

LINGUAGEM INCLUSIVA EM CONTEXTO DIDÁTICO-DIGITAL: UMA ANÁLISE DE IDEOLOGIAS LINGUÍSTICAS EM VIDEOAULA E COMENTÁRIOS ON-LINE

ABSTRACT This article aims to identify and analyze linguistic ideology underlying the theoretical treatment granted to inclusive language in a didactic-digital context (video class and online comments) of Portuguese Language, from theoretical perspectives of Anthropological Linguistics (Irvine; Gal, 2000; Kroskrity, 2004), queer theories (Butler, 1999; Pinto, 2014) and Linguistics (Câmara Jr., 1970; Castilho; Elias, 2015). The justification of this study lies in the focus on didactic-digital contexts of wide audience as spaces for diffusion and clash of linguistic ideologies that publicly regulate the language, making relevant the discussion undertaken. The specific didactic-digital context we researched is video lesson publications about inclusive language in the YouTube channel “Português com Letícia” channel. Considering that our empirical objects are inserted into the virtual world with written and audiovisual registers, the investigation method is documentary and netnography. The results indicate that there is a confrontation between linguistic ideologies, one in favor of inclusive language, and the other defends a conservative perspective of language. The clash between both ideologies is strained by a prescriptive order that voids possible variables of language usage for communicative and inclusive purposes, based on anchored and naturalized perceptions of common sense, since the formulation of colonialism ideals.

Allusions in Wole Soyinka’s A Dance of the Forests and Kongi’s Harvest

This study deals with Wole Soyinka’s two plays, A Dance of the Forests and Kongi’s Harvest with the aim is to show the use of allusions in the depiction of the glory and the decline of the African past. The two plays, from the same literary tradition enables us to explore Nigerian viewpoints of ancient and recent history. By appropriating the discussions of Gerard Genette, Michael Leddy, William Irwin, John Campbell and Allan Pasco on the use of allusion in literature, we argue that when the author refers to history in his works, he employs allusions to affirm or oppose certain notions. Wole Soyinka alludes to history to affirm the the glory of the African past and also to oppose to some of the other facts that prove the collapse of the African empires. Both plays implicitly utilise the glory and the collapse of African empires but each one employs these incidents according to the viewpoint and cultural background of its author. Hence, the different employment of history reveals contestations of worldviews which are symptomatic of the ideological clashes between the Africans among themselves, and the Europeans.

The Ban on Participation of Children and Teenagers in the Hunt in Poland – A Case Study of Parliamentary Law Enactment Process and its Consequences

We are witnessing a clash of (i) biocentric or ecocentric ideologies that grant equal rights to all living creatures, with (ii) an ideology that arose on the basis of anthropocentrism that gives the palm of priority to man. Hunters who are accused of killing defenseless animals for entertainment are at the heart of this dispute. Meanwhile, hunters argue that their activity results from the need to manage game populations, thus the necessity to limit the threats to human life and health and to minimize the extent of damage to field crops or forests. In the atmosphere of such public disputes between activists and hunters, decisions are made by politicians who shape specific legal solutions. In 2018, the Hunting Law (Polish Act of 13 October 1995, Journal of Laws of 2020.) in Poland was amended and children and adolescents under 18 were banned from participating in hunting. It has aroused dissatisfaction of hunters who have taken initiatives to amend these legal provisions, e.g. a complaint to the Constitutional Tribunal, a social draft amendment to the act. The legal initiatives of hunters have been fuelling a broad social debate that often have gone beyond the scope of sustainable hunting management. The amendment has been questioned by a group of Polish MPs as infringing the constitutional right of parents to bring up and educate their children in accordance with their worldviews. Moreover, the teenagers, frequently considered as adults under numerous provisions of Polish law, have been deprived of their constitutional freedom of making decisions about their pastimes. The opponents in turn claim that under the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (Polish Act of 21 August 1997, Journal of Laws of 2020.) children must be protected against violence and cruelty. The aim of the study is to present the mechanisms of a legal, political, sociological and ideological dispute and to provide some basic insight into the Parliamentary debate and the outcome of legislation process as a result of which children have been deprived of the right to accompany their parents during hunting expeditions also in the character of passive observers. The research methods applied included the following ones: the analysis of the discourses and legislation under scrutiny in Poland and a few selected countries, and empirical observation of debates carried out in public space. The research material encompassed the recorded Parliament speeches focusing on the issue in question, legislative process, social media posts and various blogs. The assessment of the current legal solutions and the analysis of the attitudes of both parties to the dispute leads to a reflection that the problem of prohibiting the participation of children under 18 in hunting is not solved. There is a need to search for new solutions on the basis of substantive knowledge, including, inter alia, legal science or social psychology. Politicians should be aware that the emotional pressure may not and should not be the basis for law amendments.

A Commemorative Bind: How the Birmingham News Redressed Past Journalistic Failure through Contemporary Civil Rights Memory

ABSTRACT Ideological clashes over race in American memory reveal an existential divide in journalism, between an ethos of activism and the normative rituals of objectivity. This study examines a crisis of memory that occurred upon a newspaper’s centennial in the 1980s alongside mainstream commemorations of the US civil rights movement amid an age of apology and backlash. The Birmingham News, a White newspaper that in the 1960s used proximity to a national story to conceal rather than bear witness, a generation later sought to reposition itself in a radically changed environment. This study, building on the scholarship of journalism as a site of collective memory, analyzes how a news organization arbitrated a reckoning with the past and its own professional failure. We analyze the strategies by which the News sought forgiveness and redress, and thereby sought to reclaim authority. The case illustrates how notions of journalistic legitimacy collide with the project of truth and reconciliation, and how journalists find a way forward by refashioning collective memory to navigate the present.

Dark Archives: A Librarian’s Investigation Into the Science and History of Books Bound in Human Skin

Dark Archives: A Librarian’s Investigation Into the Science and History of Books Bound in Human Skin

Conflict of Semiotic Ideologies: Charlie Hebdo Controversy and Indonesian Muslims' Responses

<p class="abstrak">The controversy of the Prophet Muhammad's caricature in Charlie Hebdo magazine resulted in Muslim communities’ protests from various parts of the world, including Indonesia. In response to this religious harassment, various steps were taken, including boycotting French products and criticizing secularism, which has been the constitutional principle of French. This article aimed at providing another perspective in viewing the controversy by looking back at the point where this problem began, the caricature of the Prophet Muhammad. This study sees that caricatures are not only inanimate objects, but they also have agency. To be able to see this agency in the particularity of space and time, we rely on semiotic ideology as the theoretical framework. Semiotic ideology is an assumption of signs that see various possibilities in signs, including their materiality. The Charlie Hebdo controversy is a clash of semiotic ideologies formed by the particularity of space and time and manifested in the responses shown in the face of the Charlie Hebdo controversy. In Indonesia, this semiotic ideology was born from political polarization, religious resurgence, and conservative turn. We see that the analysis of icon and materiality still have not really taken any significant part of religious studies and Islamic studies in Indonesia, including in studying the Charlie Hebdo controversy.</p>

The Green is the New Red? A Libertarian Challenge: The Radicals and the Friends of the Earth Italy, 1976–1983

This paper focuses on Italian libertarian and anti-authoritarian environmentalism, embodied at the political level by the Radical Party and by a small organization linked to it, the Amici della Terra, the Italian section of Friends of the Earth. It aims at highlighting their role within the environmentalist galaxy of associations, movements and committees and at studying their political strategy, the peculiarities of their cultural and political contribution to the Green movement, but also their clashes with the other components. The paper analyses the Radical Party and Amici della Terra's support for anti-nuclear mobilizations in the late 1970s, especially against the construction of a nuclear plant in Montalto di Castro; how they provided a political outlet for many animal-rights movements and contributed to bringing conservationist associations closer to politics; and how they tried to build international links with other Green parties and associations. The paper highlights some political and ideological clashes between Radical environmentalism and the so-called ‘Red ecology’ around the referendum against nuclear power plants, the anti-hunting referendum and the mobilization for peace and the Amici della Terra's proposal to create local Green Lists. Thus it aims at adding a political interpretation to the cultural one – suggested by scholars – of the delay in the development of a Green party in Italy compared to other Western European countries.

Ideological Conflict as a Marker of Change: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Naseem Hijazi's novel “The Last Fight”

This research paper aims to find out how the two main groups of the subcontinent namely: Hindus and Muslims, face a clash of ideologies at the same time, what were the effects of this clash of ideology on their social lifestyle values and code of conduct as depicted in Nasim Hijazi’s novel “The Last Flight”. How perception about religion and power imposing groups have changed through a chain of events. In this study, the “Last Fight” (translated version) has been keenly analyzed by keeping in mind the subcontinent's historical perspective and relating these ideologies with the present time. The framework of Van Dijk's ideology and discourse analysis (2006) with reference to social, cognitive, and discursive components is employed to investigate how language is used to understand and communicate ideologies and their impact on the thought processes of groups, systems of beliefs, values, cultural manifestations, and society altogether. This paper is significant in portraying the framework and implications of ideology and discourse analysis. However, the text under consideration can be analyzed and explained in other multiple dimensions.