Goal Clarity Research Articles

Current State of Serious Games in Human Trafficking: Evaluation, Gaps, and Future Research Directions

Addressing human trafficking is crucial due to its severe impact on human rights, dignity, and well-being. Serious games refer to digital games that are designed to entertain while also accomplishing at least one additional objective, such as learning or health promotion. Serious games play a significant role in raising awareness, training professionals, fostering empathy, and advocating for policy improvements related to human trafficking. In this study, we systematically examine and assess the current landscape of serious games addressing human trafficking to unveil the existing state, pinpoint gaps, and propose future research avenues. Our investigation encompassed academic publications, gray literature, and commercial games related to human trafficking. Furthermore, we conducted a thorough review of evaluation criteria and heuristics for the comprehensive assessment of serious games. Subsequently, incorporating these evaluation metrics and heuristics, the games were subjected to evaluation by both players and experts. Following a combined qualitative and quantitative analysis, the results were deliberated upon, and their implications were expounded. Five serious games related to human trafficking were identified and evaluated using the SGES and EGameFlow scales, along with both game-specific and serious game heuristics. Player and expert evaluations ranked “(Un)TRAFFICKED” and “Missing” as the best-performing games, while “SAFE Travel” received the lowest ratings. Players generally rated the games higher than experts, particularly in usability, feedback, and goal clarity, although the games scored poorly in audiovisual quality and relevance. Experts highlighted deficiencies in motivation, challenge, and learning outcomes. The lack of personalization and the absence of social gaming elements point to the need for more targeted human trafficking games adapted to different demographics, cultures, and player types.

The role of personal and contextual factors when investigating technology integration in general and vocational education general and vocational education

This study aims to investigate the extent to which perceived personal and school-related factors influence the quality of technology integration in teaching at the upper secondary level and how this differs between general and vocational education. The quality of technology integration was operationalised through the different activities supported by technology according to the ICAP model. We used data from a survey of 1660 teachers from 106 upper secondary schools in Switzerland to construct structural equation models of the interplay between school-related factors, teacher-related factors, and technology integration. Apart from confirming that technology integration is generally high across all school types, the study shows that among school-related factors, goal clarity is a significant predictor of constructive learning activities and of all the three personal factors considered in the study: teachers’ positive beliefs, technological knowledge, and technological pedagogical content knowledge. Moreover, these personal factors, in turn, constitute significant predictors of all the four types of learning activities. Both full-time and dual vocational schools integrate constructive and interactive activities more than general schools, and vocational teachers report significantly higher beliefs and lower technological pedagogical content knowledge than general school teachers. These findings confirm the importance of considering the interplay between personal and school-related factors when training teachers in technology integration, with interesting differences across school types that seem to depend more on the contextual culture than on the curriculum organisation.

Effect of Budget Goal Clarity and Budget Participation on Budgetary Slack: Information Asymmetry as Moderation in SKPD Palangka Raya City

This study examines the influence of budget goal clarity and budgetary participation on budgetary slack, with information asymmetry as a moderating variable. The research was conducted on 60 respondents from 20 Regional Work Units (SKPD) in Palangka Raya City. Using multiple regression and moderated regression analysis, the results show that budget goal clarity negatively affects Budgetary Slack, while budgetary participation positively affects it. Information asymmetry moderates both relationships, strengthening the effect of budget goal clarity and weakening the effect of budgetary participation on Budgetary Slack. These findings imply the importance of clear budget goals, managed participation levels, and minimized information asymmetry in reducing Budgetary Slack. The study contributes to the understanding of budgetary practices in local government units and provides insights for improving budget management in the public sector.

Guideline towards sustainable infrastructure in new urban communities – Egypt

The challenges related to sanitation and water management in new urban communities have contributed to the emergence of visions of Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) and Water Sensitive Urban Design in cities worldwide to keep pace with these subtle changes in the shape of the urban environment. This research paper aims to monitor the main obstacles and challenges facing residents of new cities in Egypt and the environmental impacts resulting from those challenges in the urban context. A questionnaire was conducted among a group of the population. This study took the economic housing model for low-income people in the 6th of October City in Egypt as a case study. As a result, the study found that the main challenges facing the residents of these areas and their impacts are:1) Lack of regular maintenance. 2) Health risks to the population. 3) Damaging of public parks and gardens. 4) Pollution of the surrounding environment, including soil and water. 5) Lack of state funding for maintenance and Limited financial resources available for projects in this type of housing. 6) Lack of government engagement in preparing programs to raise population awareness and clarity in environmental goals and quality of life policies. 7) Lack of community initiatives to participate in decision-making. 8) Lack of political guidance on planning processes for sustainable infrastructure.

의사결정 참여가 조직 내 의사소통에 미치는 영향 - 조직목표 명확성의 조절효과

This study investigates the impact of decision-making participation on communication within public organizations, with a particular focus on how the clarity of organizational goals moderates this relationship. Using data from the 2022 Public Service Life Survey conducted by the Korea Institute of Public Administration, the research examines communication practices among public officials in central and local administrative agencies. The findings reveal that participation in decision-making is a key factor that positively influences communication across multiple levels within public organizations. Specifically, it enhances interdepartmental communication, vertical communication between different hierarchical levels, and horizontal communication among colleagues. Additionally, the clarity of organizational goals emerges as a significant contributor to improved communication, particularly between departments and among peers. However, its influence on vertical communication is less pronounced. Furthermore, the study highlights that the clarity of organizational goals strengthens the positive effect of decision-making participation on overall communication within the organization. This moderating effect is especially evident in enhancing both interdepartmental and vertical communication, although it has a limited impact on horizontal communication. These insights underscore the importance of fostering participation in decision-making and ensuring clear organizational goals to facilitate effective communication within public organizations.

Faktor Intention to Stay pada Karyawan dalam Lingkungan Kerja: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to explore the factors that contribute to employee intention to stay in a work environment. The method used in this study is a systematic literature review of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) using articles from the Scopus database from 2018 to 2023. The results of the study indicate that the factors that influence employee intention to stay based on the literature review conducted by author 1 are talent development, work intensification, cultural competence, aspects (psychological, rational, and fundamental), perceived organizational factors, spirituality in the workplace, promotion, job satisfaction, stress, work frequency, training, mentoring, work environment, distributive justice, paternalistic leadership, trust in management, clarity of goals, work family conflict, rational job creation, HR practices (recruitment, training, performance appraisal, rewards, career opportunities), organizational practices, perception of calling, learning opportunities, and employee value proposition (EVP). Keywords: Intention To Stay, Workplace, Systematic Literature Review

How Job Satisfaction Moderates the Determinant Factors of Managerial Performances at PT PLN (Persero) UIP3B Sumatera

Achieving optimal performance necessitates precise goal setting, and access to quality information to enhance the clarity and effectiveness of these goals. Therefore, the variables used in this research are considered capable of affecting managerial performance, which in turn impacts company profits. This study aims to examine the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable with the inclusion of a moderating variable. This study uses a qualitative method that conducts a census of 64 research populations consisting of structural and staff as correspondents to answer questionnaires that use a Likert scale. This study found that participatory budgeting, job-relevant information, and clarity of budget targets all significantly impact managerial performance, both simultaneously, and individually. However, Participatory budgeting and job-specific information have a direct impact on managerial performance, whereas the clarity of budget goals doesn't. Furthermore, job satisfaction enhances the influence of participatory budgeting, job-specific information, and clear budget goals on managerial performance. This study aims to benefit companies and guide future research.

Anchored in the future: How parental influence, goal clarity, and saving behavior alleviate retirement anxiety

Anchored in the future: How parental influence, goal clarity, and saving behavior alleviate retirement anxiety

Lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in the Southwest of England.

Vaccination remains one of the most successful public health interventions in preventing severe disease and death. The roll-out of Covid-19 vaccination programmes has helped protect billions of people around the world against Covid-19. Most of these programmes have been unprecedented in terms of scale and resources, and have been implemented at times of significant humanitarian crisis. This study aims to outline the lessons learnt from the implementation of a regional Covid-19 vaccination programme. These will help inform emergency preparedness and future crisis management. This qualitative study sought to explore the key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme in a region in the Southwest of England, applying the Normalisation Process Theory lens (NPT) to examine multi-stakeholder perspectives. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with 75 participants. Document analysis was also used to corroborate the findings emerging from the interviews. Inductive thematic analysis of the data was used to identify the key drivers for the successful implementation of the programme. The NPT lens was then applied to map the themes identified to the domains and constructs of the framework. Ten key drivers to the successful implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme locally were identified, including: the clarity and consistency of the programme's goal; the diverse representation of stakeholders within the programme leadership team and the mechanisms created by this team to ensure psychological safety, autonomy, operational flexibility and staff empowerment; Communication and data specialists' input, and collaboration with local communities to maximise the reach of the programme; and allocating funding to tackle health inequalities. This study highlights the lessons learnt from the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination programme at a local level, and the mechanisms that can be used in future crises to respond efficiently to the needs of individuals, communities and governments.

The peculiarities of setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation

Aim. To determine the peculiarities of setting SMART goals in geriatric rehabilitation. Materials and methods. Materials of scientific publications and international guidelines on the organization of rehabilitation; methods of data analysis, systematization and generalization were used. Results. Age-related physiological changes in the body of older people combined with their own life experience and individual personality qualities require special approaches to setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation. When setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation, certain problems may arise: patients may feel that their opinion is not sufficiently taken into account, and difficulties in understanding what exactly they expect from the rehabilitation process; specialists may have doubts about the ability of older patients to formulate realistic goals; not all patients seek an active role in the goal-setting process. To solve these problems, members of the multidisciplinary team can use certain tools: the use of language that is understandable for the patient in discussions; determination of the patient’s role in setting goals; achievement of a balance between the patient’s wishes and capabilities; demarcation of goals to better achieve them. Directly, the process of setting goals can be presented as a process consisting of three stages: introduction, goal setting, summary and clarification of goals. The authors consider in detail the actions that must be performed by members of the multidisciplinary team at each stage. The use of a three-step algorithm for forming goals can help specialists better interact with the patient and better form the goals of the rehabilitation cycle. Conclusions. The article highlights the problems that arise when setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation; tools for solving these problems and a three-stage goal formation algorithm, which allows increasing the efficiency of interaction with the patient to achieve the SMART goals set have been proposed.

ANALYSIS OF THE GOAL PATH LEADERSHIP MODEL

This study aims to provide an understanding of the theory of the goal path leadership model or goal path, and the characteristics of goal path leadership that can motivate employee performance. This research uses qualitative methods and a literature study approach. The data collected is in the form of literature documentation on; 1). Definition of Leadership; 2). Leadership characteristics of the goal path; 3). Application of Goal Path Leadership. This research found that Leadership is a skill and ability that can direct, foster, train, and prohibit, people from working together to achieve group goals effectively and efficiently. Path goal leadership is a leadership style that has two main functions, namely providing clarity of goals and providing support and attention to subordinates, which has the impact of motivating subordinates. Goal leadership has four leadership characteristics, namely, directive leadership, supportive leadership, participatory leadership, and achievement-oriented leadership). This theory can also be applied to a leader choosing actions in diverse situations and dealing with them effectively.

The moderating role of financial trust in retirement financial planning

ABSTRACT Although financial trust has been modeled as a critical predictor of retirement financial planning activities, insufficient understanding has been developed concerning the relationship between financial trust and the effectiveness of the model of retirement financial planning. This current research creatively evaluated the moderating role of financial trust in the model of retirement financial planning in a sample of young working adults in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China (N = 422). Results presented evidence to support financial trust strengthened the pathways in the model of retirement financial planning. For example, social support was positively and significantly linked to retirement financial behaviors in the subsample reporting high financial trust but not among those with low trust; Risk tolerance was positively and significantly associated with retirement financial planning behaviors in the high-trust subsample but not in the low-trust subsample; Future time perspectives positively and significantly connected to retirement goal clarity in the high-trust but not low-trust respondents. Our findings improve the understanding of the model of retirement financial planning by increasing its complexity and providing new entry points to enhance retirement financial planning, namely promoting financial trust among the public. The results also propose a potential mechanism that can be used to explain how manipulation of financial trust will lead to better retirement financial planning.

Determinants of Budget Managers' Performance at Mpu Kuturan Singaraja State Hindu College: An Analysis of Budget Participation, Goal Clarity, and Organizational Commitment

Determinants of Budget Managers' Performance at Mpu Kuturan Singaraja State Hindu College: An Analysis of Budget Participation, Goal Clarity, and Organizational Commitment

Cultural influences on internship development value and job pursuit intention: An exploratory comparison of student experiences in France and the United States

Internships are increasingly becoming an essential facet of a student's portfolio because of demonstrated linkages with employability and career opportunities. While undergraduate internships have expanded globally, most studies have examined the relationship between internship characteristics and student outcomes within a single country. In this cross-cultural study, we examine the generalizability of existing findings using survey data from 210 university students in France and the United States (U.S.). Results showed that in both countries the internship characteristics of supervisor support and mentoring, autonomy, and task goal clarity positively relate to student perceptions of the developmental value of their internship and job pursuit intention with the intern-host. However, the nature of these relationships varies, with U.S. students benefiting more from greater autonomy, while French students benefit more from increased supervisor mentoring. Contrary to expectations, increased task goal clarity led to poorer outcomes for French students. We discuss the implications of our findings for students and higher education institutions, intern-host organizations, and future cross-cultural research on internships.

Involving Parents in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Conduct Problems: Goals, Outcome Expectations, and Normative Beliefs About Aggression are Targeted in Sessions with Parents and Their Child

Children and adolescents with conduct problems participate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), either in individual or group format, in view of learning social problem-solving skills that enable them to behave in more independent and situation-appropriate ways. Parents must support their child’s learning processes in everyday life and therefore these processes need attention in CBT sessions in which parents and their child participate. The social problem-solving model of CBT previously described (Matthys & Schutter, Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 25:552–572, 2022; Matthys & Schutter, Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 26:401–415, 2023) consists of nine psychological skills. In this narrative review we propose that instead of addressing each skill separately in sessions with both parents and their child, therapists work on three schemas (latent mental structures): (1) goals, (2) outcome expectations, and (3) normative beliefs about aggression. Based on social-cognitive and cognitive neuroscience studies we argue that these three schemas affect five core social problem-solving skills: (1) interpretation, (2) clarification of goals, (3) generations of solutions, (4) evaluation of solutions, and (5) decision-making. In view of tailoring CBT to the individual child’s characteristic schemas and associated social problem-solving skills, we suggest that children and adolescents participate in individual sessions with their parents. The therapist uses Socratic questioning in order to find out characteristic schemas of the child, encourage reflection on these schemas, and explore alternative schemas that had previously been outside the child’s attention. The therapist functions as a model for parents to ask their child questions about the relevant schemas with a view of achieving changes in the schemas.

Rational Goals and Employee Engagement in Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Employee engagement is indispensable for any organization that seeks sustainable success. How employees perceive the organizational climate has significant and far-reaching consequences for the organization. The manufacturing sector remains a cornerstone of the Kenyan economy. However, it has been noted that the sector is experiencing decline amidst a myriad of challenges that include high handedness, failure to adopt global management practices and a generally negative perception by employees. Yet, it is of utmost importance that organizations create a conducive environment for employees to thrive and remain engaged. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between rational goals and employee engagement in manufacturing firms in Kenya. Specifically, this study sought to determine the relationship between clarity of goals, effort, efficiency, quality and feedback as the sub-constructs of the independent variable and employee engagement as the dependent variable. A cross-sectional survey research design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches was adopted. The target population for this study was all the 578 manufacturing firms located in Nairobi and its surroundings and which are members of the Kenya Association of Manufacturers. Stratified and simple random sampling was used to arrive at a sample of 236 manufacturing firms. Primary data was collected by the use of a structured questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using a mix of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 25.0. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to establish the direction and extent of the relationship between the variables. Univariate regression was used to explain the relationship between these variables while ANOVA was used to determine whether the regression model was reliable or not. Standard f and t tests were used to determine the significance of the coefficient. The hypotheses were also tested. Data was presented using tables. The study established that there was a positive and significant relationship between rational goals on one hand and employee engagement on the other. The conclusion deduced from this study was that engaged employees are the catalyst for organizations seeking success. Additionally, human relations, is a key element affecting employee engagement in manufacturing firms in Kenya. In view of this, it is recommended that manufacturing firms be obligated to create an organizational climate that is contrived to and aimed at enhancing employee engagement.

Assessment for Learning (AFL) and its Effect on University Students Public Physical Education Program

This study aims to explore the implementation of public physical education courses in universities in western Guangdong Province, China, as well as the learning effect and feelings of students in physical education courses, so as to improve the ability of teaching public physical education courses and the physical quality of students' physical education courses. This paper used questionnaire survey and SPSS statistics to survey non-PE students from three universities in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, Results Summary:1. The demographic profile of students reveals a predominance of male freshmen, mostly below 21 years old, and primarily enrolled in arts, design, and language courses. This suggests specific implications for learning applications that ultimately enhance student outcomes. 2. Physical education courses demonstrate a high manifestation of domains related to Assessment for Learning (AFL) in teaching public physical education courses. 3. Significant differences exist in goal clarification, creative scaffolding, and process experiences, emphasizing the need for demographic evaluation to ensure inclusivity and fairness. 4. Learning effects are influenced by assessment for learning schemes, underscoring their importance in accommodating diverse demands. 5. Learning effects encompass sense of cooperation, sense of competitiveness, and psychological well-being, all crucial in accommodating authentic activities. 6. There is a close and direct association between assessment for learning and the domains of effects on learning in physical education courses, contributing to improved student performance. Recommendations: 1. Provide support for academic activities among students to enhance equity and equal opportunities, catering to diverse demographic profiles. 2. Offer training integrated with technologies to explore their potential for further development. 3. Provide varied activities designed to empower individual preferences.

Relevant factors to implement continuous improvement in administrative services of public universities: an action research study

The research presented in this article focuses on enhancing the quality of administrative services in a higher education institution, addressing the scarcity of concrete examples of continuous improvement in public services. The study investigates the applicability and effectiveness of continuous improvement methodologies in a public service context, emphasising the distinct challenges faced by public institutions, such as a culture of silos, in implementing process improvements. The article employs an action research methodology, which involves researchers collaborating with university administrative personnel to identify improvement opportunities, implement solutions, and measure the impact of these initiatives on service quality. The impact of continuous improvement initiatives on the quality of administrative services offered by the university is assessed through participant perceptions, service user feedback, and the improvement of main processes within the university departments. The research identifies several barriers and facilitators to continuous improvement within the university’s administrative services, including organisational culture, employee involvement and commitment, communication, goal clarity, and resource availability. The study provides insight into how these factors influence the success of continuous improvement efforts. Based on the findings, the study offers recommendations for deploying continuous improvement workshops at the university. These recommendations aim to address the identified barriers, leverage facilitators, and enhance the overall quality of administrative services. The article contributes to understanding continuous improvement in public service contexts and provides practical guidance for implementing such initiatives in higher education institutions.

Strategy to Decrease Counterproductive Work Behavior: Implementation of Interpretive Structural Modeling

This study aims to analyze the determinant factors of Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) to make plan strategies for overcoming Counterproductive Work Behavior. This research used the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The ISM method is able to show the interrelationships between existing elements. This method can be developed to plan strategic human resource management policies related to CWB. The strategy for managing human resources related to CWB in automotive companies in Bekasi is carried out according to the level of importance based on a problem. The results showed that it is necessary to overcome Counterproductive Work Behavior by handling job stress (Task demands, Role demands, Family problems, and Economic problems) and role ambiguity (Clarity of Responsibilities, Clarity of goals, and Clarity of roles and scope of work).

Navigating frugality and creativity urgencies: the role of diagnostic use of budgets and goal clarity

Organizations increasingly promote individual creativity as a strategy to manage their performance and financial strain. Drawing on self-regulation and goal-setting theories, this study examines whether the diagnostic use of budgets stifles or stimulates managers’ creativity directly or indirectly through frugal spending behaviour and perceived goal clarity. Budgetary controls and frugal spending behaviour—with the focus on conserving resources and constraining spending—have traditionally been suggested as hindering individual creativity. However, by analysing survey data collected from middle-level managers in Indonesia, our findings show that the diagnostic use of budgets increases managers’ frugal spending behaviour which, in turn, enhances their creativity. Furthermore, the diagnostic use of budgets increases managers’ perceived goal clarity, with goal clarity and frugal spending behaviour fully mediating the relationship between the diagnostic use of budgets and creativity. The study contributes to the budgeting literature by showing that diagnostic use of budgets encourages managers’ frugal spending behaviour to effectively manage organisational costs and stimulate their creativity.