ANY period of war is necessarilv a more or ti less revolutionary era. Movements and tendencies already under way are speeded up and new ones develop to meet new conditions. There is a conflict between the status quo ante and the pressure to meet vital needs in a new way. This has been well brought out by Kenneth Roberts in his story, Oliver Wiswell, in which he holds that the American Revolution was as much a revolution of the lower and middle classes against the tories as against England. The first World War brought about a general awakening to the need for community organization. From small beginnings of using the school as a social and civic center in the first decade of this century, there had grown up a strong community center movement which held its first national conference in 'Chicago in 1916 under the leadership of John Collier. It formed the National Community Center Association which did much to spread its gospel through its monthly publication, The Community Center, during the next eight years of its existence, when it was absorbed into the National Education Association.1 When this country entered the war in 1917 Congress established the system of national, state and county councils of defense through which all civilian war activities cleared. Through the influence of some of the leaders in the community center movement this system was carried down to the local community, and just before the Armistice was declared a vigorous campaign was under way for organizing community councils to carry on civilian war activities.2 With peace these quickly dissolved, but the need for coordination between the efforts of various voluntary organizations had been demonstrated and the feeling of identity with a local community had been aroused as never before. Other movements for community organization also arose during the war and have had more lasting influence. Due to the many drives for funds for war activities, war chests were formed in large numbers of cities, which were later transformed' into community chests, so that we now have a wellestablished system of privately supported community chests and councils for the support of private philanthropic and character-building agencies, and for the study and coordination of programs of social work. War Camp Community Service, which had provided recreation centers for the men in service during the war, became Communily Service, Inc. and for a few years made a vigorous campaign for erecting community buildings for social and recreational centers as war memorials, which did much toward fostering community identification and providing better facilities for organizations devoted to the 4eneral community welfare. Although the Smith-Lever Act for extension work in agriculture and home economics had been passed in 1914, it was the need for food production