Civil Culture Research Articles

ВИХОВАННЯ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ У ПРОЦЕСІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ

In the article, the civic responsibility of the individual is interpreted as a joint creative activity, the interaction of teachers and their pupils, which stimulates the development of the best civic qualities in students by ensuring the necessary conditions for the effective functioning of the mechanism of the internal value-normative regulation of the civic behavior of the individual and its inclusion in various civic relations. Such a pedagogical process provides for the final result (harmonious personal development of citizens, optimization of civil interpersonal interaction) and the means of its implementation (availability of goals, programs, means, methods and performers). The modern modernization of the education system, which led to the emergence of new types of educational institutions, requires the search for new pedagogical technologies capable of ensuring the formation of a citizen with an active civic position, which involves not only mastering the knowledge of the rights and duties of citizens, convincing them of the expediency of democratic transformations society, the formation of high moral-willed, patriotic qualities and feelings, as well as the identification of motivated civic actions and actions. The structure of civic responsibility as a whole system, which includes three subsystems that characterize the natural, social and systemic qualities of citizenship, interconnected hierarchically and synergistically, is substantiated. The constituent elements of the structural part of the model of civil culture of the individual are presented. The components of civic responsibility are civic education, competence, activity, and experience in public activities. The development of social and civic competence in English classes within the cross-cutting content line "civic responsibility" is shown. The main methodological positions that are taken into account in the construction of the structure and dynamics of the formation of the civil responsibility of the individual are revealed.

PERKEMBANGAN INSTITUSI MUZIUM EROPAH DALAM MEMPENGARUHI KEWUJUDAN MUZIUM DI MALAYSIA

Museums play an important role in preserving and conserving all artifacts related to the past history as well as the heritage and culture of a society's civilization. Malaysia as a country that consists of various races and rich in various heritages and cultures, the museum institution plays an important role in preserving the heritage of knowledge for future generations. Museum institutions have undergone changes over time in producing an excellent management in preserving knowledge of past history. The development of museums at the European level is seen to have influenced the entry of the ideology of the field of museums in Malaysia. This study uses a qualitative method by analyzing the research data on the history of the development of museums in the world until it was brought in by the British colonial to Malaysia before independence. The focus of the study focuses on how and what is the influence brought by the west in museum institutions in Malaysia. The results show that, the Renaissance philosophy practiced by Europeans around the 14th century, has urged them to sail out to the ocean and explore other regions. This indirectly led to colonization of non-European territories. In the British colonial context, their arrival to colonize Malaya was not empty handed, but brought in colonial knowledge which later became the basis for the establishment of museum institutions in Malaysia. However, the interpretation of artifacts, history, heritage and culture that is euro-centric, led to the implementation of the decolonization of museums after independence. This is so that a local history can be interpreted correctly through the point of view and knowledge of the local community.

Hardships at Home: The Portrayal of Military Families in Traditional, Military Community, and Military-Focused News Publications

Scholars have described a divide between military and civilian culture, often focusing on the relationship between civilian communities and the Armed Forces and its veterans. Equally important are the families of military personnel. News media are an important source of information about military society for many U.S. civilians. This study examined how three types of news publications portrayed military families on Twitter between 2010 and 2020. News content was drawn from 21 outlets that cater to (1) general audiences, (2) military communities, and (3) military personnel. News outlets often associated military families with terms related to hardship, including substandard housing, financial problems, and other issues. In 1,052 posts, news outlets used five frames to describe military families: hardship, support, education, honor, and politics. General news outlets focused on politics, covering PR events staged by politicians. News outlets in military communities focused on support and providing readers resources to help navigate life in a military family. News outlets catering to military personnel focused on hardships.

Ценности российской молодежи как элемент политической культуры общества

The article presents an analysis of the values and orientations of modern Russian youth in the context of classical political theories. It established that the majority of young Russians could be characterized as representatives of a non-parochial political culture. Representatives of the subject political culture dominate over representatives of civil culture. Social media erases clear boundaries between different types of culture; creates hybrid forms of political culture. The institutions of the presidency, volunteerism, and the army enjoy the greatest trust among young people, while the institutions of civil society do not arouse significant trust. The preference for democracy is combined with the preference for a strong national leader. Most of the representatives of generation Z do not identify themselves with western culture. S. Huntington's concept of the broken character of Russian civilization is confirmed. It is possible to state the dominance of materialistic values over post-materialistic ones. Socio-economic conditions and dominant cultural attitudes of Russia do not contribute to a generational shift towards post-materialistic values. Young Russians are influenced by the soft power of foreign countries, but this does not change the attitude of the absolute majority of young people to these countries as to strangers.

Theoretical features and applied aspects of constitutional control of amendments to the constitution

It is pointed out that the idea of protecting the constitution arose simultaneously with the appearance of the first constitutions. It was embodied gradually by finding its expression in the constitutional text itself or following the development of judicial practice. Such means were the institute of repeal of acts, the establishment of a guarantor and “guardian” of the constitution, the institute of constitutional control, the procedure for amending the constitution and others. Such legal institutions have emerged specifically to preserve such a constitution per se, primarily as a set of material principles and values, as well as a formally defined document in which such principles and values are enshrined. In the literature, such a special set of legal tools is now called protection, protection, guarantee of the constitution, and so on. The precondition for the protection of the constitution in the legal sense is a certain public consensus on key values, the existence of a certain civil culture, developed civil society, autonomous individual-owner, ie all those prerequisites for constitutionalism, without which the implementation of an organic constitution will always face many problems.
 It has been established that amending the constitution is an important stage of the constitutional process in order to ensure the relevance of the basic law, compliance with the relations prevailing in society and limiting state power in favor of the people to ensure and protect human and civil rights and freedoms. In order to prevent the violation of the norms of the constitution, its compliance with the principles of the changes that are made to it, it is necessary to take measures to protect and safeguard it. One such way is constitutional control over the process of amending the constitution.
 Despite the positive developments in the practice of constitutional control over the process of amending the constitution in Ukraine, unresolved issues remain within the competence of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in this area. This requires the intensification of the scientific and expert community in order to address these issues.

Validating military culture: The factor analysis of a military-related adaptation of acculturation in veterans.

Differences between military and civilian culture can impact a veteran's ability to effectively navigate the transition to the civilian setting after separating from military service. However, systems providing psychological services to veterans lack reliable and valid methods of identifying the extent to which the dissonance between military and civilian cultures is associated with postseparation adjustment (e.g., ability to integrate profound deployment experiences into civilian life) and psychological outcomes. Utilization of a theory-driven, acculturation framework to assess military and civilian cultural affiliation may address this gap. While several quantitative measures exist for evaluating acculturation in reference to different ethnocultural experiences and that evaluate military culture-related adjustment or reintegration, there are no existing validated measures rooted in cultural theory that explicitly assess military-related acculturation. The aim of the present study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of theoretically grounded, military-related adaptations of validated acculturation measures. Data from 364 veterans were collected with an online survey including four military-related adaptations of acculturation measures. Results suggest that the proposed adaptation of the original ethnocultural measurement model was not a good fit to the data, χ² = 2396.99, p < .001, TLI = .73. An evaluation of localized areas of strain in the confirmatory model and results from an exploratory factor analysis suggest support for the continued development of a military-related model of acculturation after considering further measure restructuring and validation. Opportunities for future research and measure validation are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Intergenerational diachronic connection as a communicative discourse in the folklore tradition of Slobidska Ukraine

Slobidska Ukraine is an area of late settlement, the folklore of which had been formed for over three centuries under the influence of various socio-historical factors. A significant role in the preservation of ethno-cultural information was played by the mechanism of intergenerational diachronic communication, which reproduced the genres of the entire folklore scope. The dynamic 20th century made its adjustments to the existence of tradition, as the destruction of monocentric rural institutions affected the ways of functioning of the authentic folklore, destruction of certain genres and rituals, their transition from the active form to passive, and further into an artificial plane of life. Our purpose was to mark, which links of the once powerful chain of “civil culture” had been damaged. what exactly caused these damages, and how in this closed system of the rural environment, where there was an awareness of meanings that were equally understood and appreciated by society, the line of misunderstanding and oblivion started to appear. Recollections of elderly people who were witnesses of social changes in Kharkiv Region in 1920–50, as well as documentary data were used as the material for the analysis. Modern functional methods – the development of sociological questionnaires, the involvement of the materials from our own field research – allowed us to create a factual basis for the research and determined the scientific novelty. The evidence of the oldest generation of traditions carriers showed the shocking consequences of the artificial transformation of the society in the 1920–30s, which included not only the destruction of folklore as a type of culture within a holistic social awareness, but also the intruding of a new socio-cultural conglomerate of “parallel culture” of club institutions, which was broadcast not diachronically, horizontally, as is customary in the oral tradition, but imperativelyhierarchically, i.e. vertically, according to the directives from the “above”. In the rural environment, a situation of shaky balancing between “traditional” and “pseudo-folklore” culture arose, not in favor of the first. Thus, the communicative functions, due to which the society’s objective perception of traditional meanings and its self-regulation were possible, was destroyed, and folklore became a field where various political forces were constructing new cultural meanings to the detriment of the traditional. In the conditions of the gradual disappearance of the music of the authentic tradition, with the aim of same understanding and appreciation within the community of its inherent cultural meanings, the communicative discourse can become a regulator and a corrective factor.

A CULTURAL AND SOCIAL PERUSAL OF REPORTAGE “SHEHER”

Ibrahim Jalees’ reportage “Sheher” is a masterpiece of non-fictional literature. The cultural and traditional life of Bombay city is the main subject. The writer has tried to represent the helpless and miserable urban life probing from its artificial brightness. Also, it is the sorrowful lamentation of the valuelessness of ancient literature, culture, values and social life in the artificial glittering capitalist civilization. All the above issues have been addressed with a literary spell and beauty. The struggle for livelihood can be observed in this reportage. This “Reportage” is a literary and historical document about the multicultural civilization and society’s representation of the city’s development.

MANIFESTASI BUDAYA PERADABAN MELAYU DALAM NOVEL KASYAF AIN: SUATU APLIKASI TEORI PENGKAEDAHAN MELAYU

A novel is one of the mediums of literary works to highlight an idea of the author's thoughts. Among the important questions that are highlighted is about the culture of a society's civilization, including Malay culture. It is not just aesthetic values that are given priority but the importance of content in the formation of human capital and education is not ignored. The novel Kasyaf Ain (2018) by Ramlee Awang Murshid was chosen as the study material because it displays the cultural tradition of the Malay civilization and its environment. A variety of techniques such as dialogue, monologue, flashback and symbolism have been applied by the author creatively to process and highlight the question of faith, the concept of piousness as well as the practice of noble values and traditions of the Malay community. In this regard, this study aims to see how environmental factors are worked to highlight the question of beliefs and traditional values in this novel based on the Pengkaedahan Melayu theory proposed by Hashim Awang (2002). The Pengkaedahan Melayu theory is applied as the framework of this study to confirm that this theory can be used as a basis to prove the cultural manifestations of Malay civilization in this novel. Thus, the culture of Malay civilization in this novel will be analyzed through worldly and religious techniques based on the Pengkaedahan Melayu theory. This qualitative research method is implemented using content analysis and the culture of Malay civilization will be analyzed through each chapter in the novel to show the manifestation. The findings found that Kasyaf Ain shows that the environmental factors such as the environment, beliefs and traditional values in life shape the way of life and culture of the Malay civilization. The Malay community adheres to Islamic teachings but remains bound by the traditional beliefs and practices that determine their way of life. In short, this novel can be a medium to develop knowledge and education, about the culture of Malay civilization intellectually and practically, to the community, especially the younger generation.

LIDAR Technology

Abstract: Since the 1960s, LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) technology has been in use. LiDAR has become a common sensor as technology has advanced. Automation, agriculture, archaeology, Information technology and the quantification of various atmosphericcomponents all use LiDARs. The present manuscripts cover the operation of LiDAR, its various varieties, history, and various applications. One may determine the distance between different objects in space and construct a 3D digital representation of the region in front of LiDAR using LiDAR readings. Lidar mapping is a wellknown technique for quickly generating precise georeferenced spatial data about the Earth's shape and surface features. Lidar mapping systems and their underlying technology have recently progressed, allowing scientists and mapping professionals to investigate natural and built environments at sizes never before feasible, with greater accuracy, precision, and cost effectively provide the best aspects of the culture of human civilization. Keywords: LiDAR, LASER, RADAR

Exclusion in the City Space: the Italian Experience

This article draws attention to the problems of exclusion and building frontiers in urban space. At the same time, the focus of the study is concentrated on the systematic nature of the formation of cultural exclusion zones at different time intervals in the history and culture of the Apennine Peninsula, that is, on the territory of the modern Italy. The reflection of exclusion in the city, which occurs throughout the urban history of Italy, is reflected and fixed in the history of Italian culture and art and in the phenomena of building physical and symbolic boundaries, marginalization and appropriation of space associated with this phenomenon.&#x0D; This work is intended to prove the need to transform the erroneous position that exclusion is characteristic only of a modern city, a megapolis as a product of globalization, while the exclusion of an individual in an urban environment and the development of urban civilization are two interrelated and simultaneous processes that are developing over the centuries.&#x0D; Taking into account the affects and experience of fixing exclusion in the urban cultural spaces of the Apennine Peninsula, the author comes to the conclusion that the history of urban culture fixes the presence of exclusion, which is characteristic of the individual living in the urban space from the very moment the city appeared and the corresponding subject-centric urban culture, the existence in which unfolds in the space of subordination, overcoming borders or resistance to the social order it gives rise to. All of these factors also affect the identity of the subject of urban everyday life. Italy, traditionally understood as the cradle of civilization and world culture, provides one of the most representative experiences of building, fixing, reflecting and experiencing exclusion in the urban environment due to the evolutionary process of changing and crossing different cultures.

Does Bystander Intervention Training Work? When Employee Intentions and Organisational Barriers Collide.

Scholars have recently begun to consider the role of bystander intervention training in countering workplace incivility and bullying. Given the scarce empirical evidence of bystander training outcomes in occupational settings, this study set out to evaluate the effectiveness of a bystander intervention training in a large healthcare organisation, by assessing changes to levels of psychological safety, bystander efficacy, intent and behaviours over time. One hundred and forty employees in a large healthcare organisation in New Zealand attended the training and were asked to complete three surveys, one conducted at baseline, one carried out 2weeks following the training and the last survey conducted 2months later. The qualitative and qualitative findings of this study show that the bystander intervention training resulted in significant improvements to bystander attitudes and beliefs, which were ascribed to the quality of training materials, the facilitator and opportunities to role-play bystander intervention strategies. However, the positive bystander beliefs, attitudes and intent to intervene declined in the months following the training. The qualitative findings shed a light on these results and suggest that the participants required support for training transfer in the form of updated and accessible information about negative acts and bystander intervention strategies, leadership support and role modelling of bystander behaviours and civility, and the implementation of accountability systems that ensure the ongoing development of a civility culture.

Soldiers as Citizens: Popular Politics and the Nineteenth Century British Military

Soldiers as Citizens: Popular Politics and the Nineteenth Century British Military

Maya Ruins Revisited: In the Footsteps of Teobert Maler by William Frej

Reviewed by: Maya Ruins Revisited: In the Footsteps of Teobert Maler by William Frej Joseph L. Scarpaci William Frej. Contributions by Alma Durán-Merk, Stephan Merk, Jeremy A. Sabloff and Khristaan D. Villela. Maya Ruins Revisited: In the Footsteps of Teobert Maler Santa Fe, New Mexico: Peyton Wright Gallery Press, 2020. 240 pp. Maps, notes, duotone and tritone illus., and references. $60.00 cloth (978-0-578-63921-5). The peyton wright gallery has published a gem by harnessing some four decades of architect William Frey’s photographic, archival, and field research findings from remote parts of southern Mexico and northern Guatemala. The result Maya Ruins [End Page 219] Revisited, threads a dream-like yet grounded tour of some of the better-known sites of Mayan Meso-America (Chichén Itza, Tikal) as well others less likely to roll off either the scholar’s or tourist’s tongue. It continues the nineteenth-century practice of using “photography to convey the sensational archaeological discoveries [archaeologist-explorers] were making” (p. 9) of ruins in the Maya Lowlands of Mexico and Guatemala. Pioneering work by John Lloyd Stephens, Désiré Charnay, Alice and Augustus LeP-longeon, Alfred Maudslay, and the first daguerreotypes and fine drawings by Frederick Catherwood, set the stage for Frey and collaborators. However, the lion’s share of the visual path was cleared by Prussian explorer and self-taught archaeologist Teobert Maler (1842–1917) and a handful of local helpers and guides. He led mulebacks carrying voluminous camera equipment between 1886 and the second decade of the twentieth century that bequeathed a treasure trove of “more than 1,000 negatives and a sizable number of prints and enlargements” (p. 50) for scholars and the curious sojourner venturing into the material culture of pre-Hispanic civilization. An introduction and three substantive chapters about architect Frej’s motives and explorer Maler’s travails provide the context for appreciating dozens of stunning, crisp, black-and-white photographs (in high-contrast and revealing duotone and tritone format). Lest the reader assume these are nineteenth-century Maler photographs juxtaposed against architect Frej’s more recent Nikon images, be assured this is not the book’s venue. We could start anywhere, but why not consider, firstly, quinine imbued coffee (as did Maler) to ward off malaria. Add to it the use of fires burning lowly at night to ward off panthers, and then trekking through territories where international boundaries were blurred, and the landscape was considerably more dangerous than it is today. As Maler deciphered Mayan carvings, architectural styles, and attempted to photograph slowly deteriorating limestone-based temples and landmarks, he contended with food deprivations, set up dark rooms in abandoned temples and caves to develop his own photographs, and tried to appease those individuals and institutions who funded his fieldwork. Readers will come to appreciate the dilemmas faced by this historic figure. He argued against hotels being opened near archaeo-logical sites for fear the ruins would be pilloried for their stonework. We gain insight into the power wielded by the U.S. consulate over a frontier-like wilderness where decentralized decision-making made up for the indecisiveness of capital places like Mexico and Guatemala cities. Maler repeatedly had quarrels with his main institutional benefactor, the Peabody Museum of Harvard, who –among other assignments—paid him just $7,000 for eight years of agonizing fieldwork, photographic and written documentation. None of these rewards earned him academic tenure or promotion; rather, he sought to connect myriad dots about meaning, semi-otics, source stone, astronomy, empire, and all things Mayan. Among other architectural morsels, William Frey is careful to point out the classic Puuc colonnette styles, and the banded columns, so richly displayed in many of the sites. [End Page 220] This book is not a mere re-photography á là then-and-now of pre-Hispanic structures. Instead, Frej’s goal “is to illustrate the environment Maler encountered and the environment I encountered over a century later” (p. 21). The book has rich sidebars about the meanings of buildings, pediments, portals, and colonnades from periods of ancient Mayan development: pre-classic (2000 BE-250 CE); classic (250–1000 CE); and post-classic (1000-early...

The relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intention in nurses: A cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between workplace incivility and the turnover intention in nurses. Studies assessing the association between nurses' turnover intention and workplace incivility are limited. The research was carried out on a total of 250 nurses working in three private hospitals in Antalya, Turkey. The data were collected using a Demographic Questionnaire, the Workplace Incivility Scale and the Turnover Intention Scale. The mean workplace incivility scores of the nurses were determined to be 6.68 ± 7.96. The mean turnover intention scores of the nurses were 6.38 ± 3.44. A statistically significant positive relationship was found between workplace incivility scores and turnover intention scores (r = 0.632, p = 0.0001). The linear regression model showed that workplace incivility, working in the emergency or intensive care unit, and dissatisfaction with the current institution were independent factors of turnover intention. The results of the study demonstrated a significant relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intention in nurses. Nurses who are less exposed to workplace incivility were seen to have a lower turnover intention. Simple measures that organisations may take to reduce workplace incivility may increase nurses' workplace satisfaction, reduce turnover intention and enable them to work more efficiently. It would be useful for nursing managers to lead initiatives in institutions to reduce workplace incivility and improve the culture of civility.

Education Development in Terms of Digitalization

The formation of a knowledge society and the digital stage of development of modern civilization culture still remains a continuing process, which itself is experiencing serious internal contradictions and problems. The article discusses the analysis results of digital literacy development among Russians, as one of the most essential areas of the emerging digital economy. The study of statistical and analytical material made it possible to draw the conclusion about the insufficient current level of digital economy competencies in Russia, the need to educate Internet users in information selection, instilling the need for self-development, self-education, developing the skills in useful information selection, and wider introduction of distance technologies in education. In this work, we used the abstract logical general scientific method of cognition and the method of empirical generalization. This approach to the study of the digital economy development allows us to identify the main factors of this process intensification.

Genetic diversity of Greek grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars using ampelographic and microsatellite markers

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) is a major worldwide crop of high economic importance, tightly interwoven with the traditions and the culture of many civilizations. The Greek vineyard is one of the oldest in the world composed of an ample number of highly diverse indigenous landraces. However, over the last decades the local cultivated grapevine germplasm has undergone a drastic reduction of diversity, due to the established market preferences for international varieties. In the current work a combined approach involving both, ampelographic traits and microsatellite markers has been undertaken, to study the genetic diversity within and among 96 grapevine genotypes belonging to 36V. viniferasubsp.viniferacultivars, predominantly representing autochthonous Greek landraces. Results revealed high genetic diversity for the Greek cultivars yielding a mean number of alleles per locus 14.69 and mean polymorphic information content 0.848. Hierarchical cluster analysis, employing both, ampelographic and microsatellite data, showed a clear distinction based on the origin of the germplasm; Anatolian versus Mediterranean. Principal component analysis, based on the most informative ampelographic traits, coupled to the results from genetic structure analysis further corroborated the proposal of germplasm differentiation on the basis of geographic origin. This information can be further utilized for the reconstitution of the Greek vineyard and can significantly contribute towards a rational conservation and utilization strategy for breeding or for direct cultivation of the Greek indigenous grapevine germplasm.

A Reinterpretation of Kumarajiva’s Translation Thought and Its Enlightenment to the “Going Out” of Chinese Culture

The translation of Buddhist sutras has played a vital role in the spread of Buddhism in China, of which Kumarajiva has made a great contribution. With his unique translation ideas and translation practices, he made it easier for the Buddhist scriptures to be accepted by the public, thus promoting the spread of Buddhism and the exchange and integration of ancient Indian civilization and Chinese culture. Now, our country is also actively advocating the strategy of “culture going out”. To promote China’s culture to go abroad, to spread Chinese cultural symbols and values to the world?we will enhance China’s international discourse power and the international influence of Chinese culture, thus further enhancing China’s cultural soft power. In this context, more and more Sinology classics go to the world through translation, among which the translation of Sinology classics in English is undoubtedly the mainstream. Based on this, Kumarajiva’s translation thoughts can be used for reference to the translation process of “Chinese culture going out”, for instance, how to deal with cultural untranslatability and translate some words with cultural characteristics, which can better promote the spread of Chinese culture and enhance China’s international influence.

Brief Synopses of New Arabic-Language Publications

Brief Synopses of New Arabic-Language Publications

The Graphic of Identity Exertion in Indian English Fiction

The whole world has been witnessing speedy advances in the meadow of science, technology, and communication. These advancements have antagonized the cultural issues both at the national and international level. The cultural issues have fashioned an exemplary transference in comprehending the notions of character and identity. Culture is the most imperative ingredient of human animation for refining and nourishing the quality of life. India is a country where an individual is able to visualize the juxtaposition of different cultures, traditions and heritages. These elements have successfully sowed the needs of unity in diversity for the betterment of cultural bonding among the citizens. The ideals of culture are very much bestowed in arts, history, philosophy, language and literature.Literature is an exhibition of human disposition in verbal, non-verbal or written demonstration. Culture is observed as one of the strategic causes in conforming to the archetypes of literature. Many of the writers in Indian English literature have enchanted to epitomize culture as their foremost predicament in their chronicles. Identity of an individual is fabricated on the application of culture in Indian civilization. Change in identities is perceived as the enduring phenomenon of human life. The changed identities of human life are very much shed light in the expositions of Indian English Fiction. Hence, the research paper endeavours to study the graphic of identity exertion in Indian English Fiction within the obtainable charter.