City Transportation Research Articles

Implementation of carbon tax policies to encourage the use of public transportation in cities

The use of public transport is one of the concepts of sustainable transport. However, people prefer to use private vehicles, which causes various problems, one of which is the high carbon emissions produced. This research aims to encourage programs to use passenger public transportation through a carbon tax. The method in this research is descriptive quantitative with primary data and secondary data. Secondary data was developed in the research by collecting literature study sources on the concept of sustainable transportation development as well as primary data carried out by analyzing calculations regarding the implementation of the carbon tax. There are several proposals that can significantly accelerate the achievement of goals, namely a collaborative approach through collaboration between local government agencies, a policy of progressively implementing a carbon tax as a coercive policy and supported by a program to provide supporting facilities for public transportation. Decision making in this research was carried out by looking at the percentage increase in public transportation use based on the application of a carbon tax or carbon tax.

Briefing: Vertical vibration control of over-track buildings: information for practitioners

In recent decades, transit-oriented development has emerged as a prominent trend in metropolises. Modern infrastructures and residential buildings are strategically constructed above subway lines or parking depots, facilitating convenient access to city transportation. Nevertheless, complaints regarding the vibrations induced by metro vehicles have been on the rise.

Implementasi Kebijakan Larangan Parkir Liar di Kota Surabaya (Studi Kasus Parkir Pasar Kapasan)

The Kapasan Market area is one of the areas in the city of Surabaya where parking problems often occur. Some illegal parking attendants often park visitors' vehicles on the side of the road because of limited parking spaces and supervision, causing traffic jams around Kapasan Market which the public often complains about. The Surabaya City Transportation Department (Dishub) is guided by Surabaya City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2018 concerning the Implementation of Parking in the City of Surabaya in implementing the parking ban policy in the City of Surabaya, including in the Kapasan Market area. This research aims to find out whether the parking ban policy has been implemented well and is appropriate, especially in the Kapasan Market area. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research uses primary data obtained through direct observation of research objects, interviews, and documentation as well as secondary data from documents, books, the internet, and other written sources. Determining informants for interview activities using purposive sampling techniques to the Head of the Public Roadside Parking Division. The research results show that the implementation of the policy of prohibiting illegal parking in the city of Surabaya, especially at Kapasan Market, is quite good. four of the six policy implementation indicators according to Van Meter and Van Horn have been met so that the public can feel the response from the government regarding illegal parking that they complain about.

Exploring the effect of government incentives on electric vehicle purchase intention in smart cities

The use of electric vehicles is gaining momentum throughout the world. Low-carbon mobility is a core area of focus for sustainable transportation in smart cities. Policy makers and governments in many countries are incentivizing the manufacture, sale, and purchase of low carbon-emitting vehicles such as electric vehicles. Not many studies have focused on the usage of electric vehicles in smart cities from the perspectives of customer behavior and government incentive. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand how the moderator government incentives influence potential customers' intention to purchase electric vehicles for smart mobility in smart cities. With the help of the theory of planned behavior and various literature, a theoretical model has been developed which is later validated using CB-SEM technique considering responses from 415 potential customers of electric vehicles. This study has demonstrated that subjective norms and personal norms supported by users’ attitude and behavioral control to use EVs could impact on the purchase intention of electric vehicles with active support of the government incentives. This study has proposed a pragmatic framework helpful for the policymakers to motivate the potential purchasers of the smart cities to purchase EVs.

Dynamic vulnerability assessment framework for urban flood disasters considering real-time population changes

ABSTRACT Flood vulnerability assessment is an important means to cope with urban flood disasters. However, urban population mobility and land-use changes bring significant uncertainty to vulnerability assessments. In order to respond to the refined and dynamic needs of urban flood disaster prevention and control, a multi-scale and multi-categorized urban flood dynamic vulnerability assessment framework that considers real-time population changes was proposed in this study. The framework used the comprehensive function of exposure, sensitivity, and coping ability under population dynamic changes to characterize urban flood dynamic vulnerability, and constructed urban flood disaster vulnerability assessment models at both grid and regional scales. The results show that population mobility has a significant impact on the vulnerability of urban flood disasters. The vulnerability of flood disasters in Zhengzhou City is highest at 8:00 and 18:00, and high-vulnerability areas are mainly concentrated in residential areas in the central part of the city and main transportation channels. From 10:00 to 15:00, the high-vulnerability areas migrate to public service areas in the eastern part of Zhengzhou City. In the evening, the vulnerability degree of flood disasters is relatively low. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for urban flood managers to prevent and control flood disasters.

PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN MOTIVASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PEGAWAI DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KOTA BALIKPAPAN

This research aims to determine the direct influence of work discipline and motivation variables on the performance of Balikpapan city transportation service employees, as well as to determine the indirect effect of work discipline on performance with motivation as a mediating variable for Balikpapan city transportation service employees. This research used a sample of 53 respondents with a questionnaire data collection method and analysis tools assisted by PLS software. The results show that (1) work discipline directly has a positive and significant effect on the motivation and performance of Balikpapan city transportation service employees; (2) motivation directly has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Balikpapan city transportation service employees; (3) Indirectly, work discipline influences the performance of transportation service employees by mediating motivation

Development of an Intelligent Drone Management System for Integration into Smart City Transportation Networks

Drones have experienced rapid technological advancements, leading to the proliferation of small, low-cost, remotely controlled, and autonomous aerial vehicles with diverse applications, from package delivery to personal transportation. However, integrating these drones into the existing air traffic management (ATM) system poses significant challenges. The current ATM infrastructure, designed primarily for traditionally manned aircraft, requires enhanced capacity, workforce, and cost-effectiveness to coordinate the large number of drones expected to operate at low altitudes in complex urban environments. Therefore, this study aims to develop an intelligent, highly automated drone management system for integration into smart city transportation networks. The key objectives include the following: (i) developing a conceptual framework for an intelligent total transportation management system tailored for future smart cities, focusing on incorporating drone operations; (ii) designing an advanced air traffic management and flight control system capable of managing individual drones and drone swarms in complex urban environments; (iii) improving drone management methods by leveraging drone-following models and emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Drones (IoD); and (iv) investigating the landing processes and protocols for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to enable safe and efficient operations.

Characteristics and Effects of the Last Kilometre of the Tourist City from the Dynamic and Static Perspectives

The accessibility of the “last kilometre” of a tourist city has a profound impact on the travelling experience of tourists. In-depth understanding of the characteristics and spatial effects of the “last-kilometre” traffic accessibility in tourist cities is conducive to further enhancing the accessibility of traffic travel and forming a new industry development pattern of deep integration of traffic and tourism. The results show that: (1) Private transport accessibility is significantly better than public transport accessibility, and the strong economic strength of large cities such as Peking, Shanghai, and Nanjing support a wider coverage of public transport compared with cities such as Qinhuangdao, Dalian, Ningbo, etc. Even for the middle-income and high-income groups of the large cities, the advantage of the broader travelling cost of public transport is still significant. (2) The average values of the fluctuation coefficients of travel time of public transport in tourist cities are all smaller than those of private transport, and public transport is less sensitive to traffic congestion, making it a more reliable choice for tourist travel. The higher number of public transport grids with more anomalous fluctuations and much larger fluctuations than private transport grids suggests that there is an urgent need to strengthen the standardisation of public transport services in the corresponding areas. (3) Urban tourism development has been moving from single-line to network development, and the impact of urban transport on urban–regional tourism development has been manifested in the place fission effect, corridor diffusion effect, and regional equilibrium effect. In general, our findings have been useful in understanding the accessibility characteristics of the “last kilometre” in tourist cities, optimizing the efficiency of inter-regional and intra-city transport connections, constructing a fast and convenient travel transport system, improving the accessibility of transport trips, and forming a new development pattern for the deep integration of transport and tourism.

THE INFLUENCE OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN THE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR OF THE SURABAYA CITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICE

The aim to be achieved in this research is for effective leadership and organizational justice to have a simultaneous influence on organizational commitment in the Transportation Infrastructure Sector of the Surabaya City Transportation Service. In accordance with the results of this research, it can be concluded that factors consisting of effective leadership and organizational justice have a significant and positive influence simultaneously on organizational commitment in the Transportation Infrastructure Sector of the Surabaya City Transportation Service. Factors consisting of effective leadership and organizational justice have a significant and partially positive influence on organizational commitment in the Transportation Infrastructure Sector of the Surabaya City Transportation Service. Among the factors consisting of effective leadership and organizational justice, it turns out that effective leadership has a dominant influence on organizational commitment in the Transportation Infrastructure Sector of the Surabaya City Transportation Service, with a partial influence of 63%. As input, we can provide a few suggestions that can be proposed for improving management which are implications of the research results, including: Encouraging transformational leadership behavior that inspires and motivates employees to achieve organizational goals, focus on building trust, fostering creativity, and empowering team members to contribute meaningfully, prioritize clear and transparent communication to ensure employees understand organizational goals, expectations and changes.

ANALISIS KINERJA SIMPANG BERSINYAL TANAH AJI – KOTA MATARAM DENGAN SOFTWARE PTV VISSIM

The Tanah Aji signalized intersection is one of the crossroads in Mataram City that links Jalan Sriwijaya with Jalan Majapahit and Jalan Airlangga with Jalan Gajah Mada . The Department of Transportation (DISHUB) officially reactivated the Tanah Aji signalized intersection (APILL) on Wednesday, December 14 2022. The aim of this research is to determine the performance of the Tanah Aji signalized intersection in Mataram City in its existing condition and provide solutions to improve performance. the signalized intersection. Primary and secondary data collecting was part of the research methodology. Secondary data is in the form of location map data obtained from Google Earth, traffic light cycles, and video recordings of intersections from the Mataram City Transportation Department (DISHUB). Next, analytical modeling of existing conditions is carried out. The results obtained show that the existing conditions produce a level of service E. The solution by modeling the flyover on Jalan Majapahit and Jalan Sriwijaya produces a level of service C. Comparison of the performance of the Tanah Aji intersection, Mataram City in the existing condition and the flyover solution from the results of the Vissim software analysis, is the existing condition, it was found that the length of the vehicle queue was 92,077 m Jl. Srivijaya; 231,275 m Jl. Gajah Mada; 177,973 m Jl. Majapahit and 157,783 m Jl. Airlangga. The results of the flyover solution analysis showed that the vehicle queue length was 54.09 m Jl. Srivijaya; 201.15 m Jl. Gajah Mada; 76.95 m Jl. Majapahit and 107.71 m Jl. Airlangga

FORMATION OF A NETWORK OF EVACUATION BUS ROUTES FOR THE SALTIV RESIDENTIAL AREA OF KHARKIV

Evacuation mobility of the population during military operations or emergencies is one of the most vital tasks in ensuring the safety and rescue of citizens. Planning this mobility requires a conceptual approach, system analysis, and a comprehensive preparatory stage. The primary task for organising the population’s bus transportation during evacuation is planning routes and determining their time parameters. This process requires preliminary determination of the points of traffic organisation, establishment of routes and meeting points, allocation of resources, and coordination of work with other types of passenger transport. The study aims to develop the sequence of formation of evacuation bus routes in the Saltiv residential area of Kharkiv and to establish the functional effect of operational parameters of their work on the duration of population evacuation. The methodological basis for building a network of evacuation bus routes is a developed structural model of the impact of input parameters on the general evacuation time for the population and the transport capabilities of the routes. This model describes the functional relationship between the existing volume of passenger transportation on urban transport routes, the share of passengers subject to evacuation, the number of stopping points on evacuation routes, the length of routes, the speed of movement, the time of boarding and disembarking the passengers, the capacity of buses and their number. The criterion for evaluating the efficiency of the routes is the total time of population evacuation, depending on the number of buses on the routes. Based on the analysis of the location of shelter facilities and transfer stations on the subway line, we established that it is expedient to create seven evacuation routes that ensure the timely evacuation of the population. After assessing the available passenger traffic on city transport routes, we determined the potential demand for evacuation transportation. The analysis of the operational parameters of the routes made it possible to specify the time indicators for the evacuation of the population. The analysis of the interaction processes resulted in a diagram of the structural contour of the functional connection. The developed analytical models helped to establish several indicators characterising the operation of evacuation bus routes. The developed theoretical foundations are the basis for simulation modelling and setting the regularity of changes in evacuation efficiency assessment indicators depending on the number and capacity of buses. Based on the real-life conditions, the study determined the need to use two buses on each route to evacuate the population in the district. Such conditions will ensure the transfer of the population to the safe zones within 18.3 to 31.7 hours. Keywords: population evacuation, bus, evacuation route, volume of transportation, travel time.

Active commuting as a form of sustainable urban mobility: The case of the Brno Metropolitan Area

Abstract Environmentally friendly alternatives to motorised transport have recently become a topic of discussion among political representatives. To achieve sustainable urban mobility objectives, political discussions have focused on promoting cycling, walking and using public transport in cities. These modes of transportation are attractive ways of commuting to and from work for a portion of the population. In the literature, there is a growing interest in the phenomenon of active commuting. This paper examines the spatio-temporal patterns and practices of active commuting and evaluates their significance in the context of sustainable urban mobility. The empirical research is based on data obtained from a questionnaire survey and semistructured interviews conducted in 2023 in the Brno Metropolitan Area. Based on the data, three categories of active commuting were identified, namely pragmatic active commuting, physical active commuting, and combined active commuting, which differ in the implementation of different spatio-temporal practices. For the development of sustainable transport in the city, it is necessary to promote the construction of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, with the aim of making movement for pedestrians and cyclists more straightforward, efficient, and safer, including paying attention to actions leading to the embedding of this mode of transport in the wider societal context.

Factors Affecting the Students’ Usage Intention towards Electric Transportation in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Abstract Emissions from vehicles are increasingly causing serious consequences to the environment. Therefore, most countries around the world have implemented action plans to reduce and prevent such a bad situation. One of the most popular solutions is electrification of the transportation system. Ho Chi Minh City is no exception to that trend by deploying electric transportation with a variety of vehicles. However, the level of social consumption of this friendly means of transportation is still limited, including among students. This current article is aimed at identifying factors that affect students’ intention to use electric transportation, including: (1) Personal factors (environmental attitude, green consumption attitude, knowledge, perception towards green products, environmental responsibility, capabilities), (2) interpersonal factors (social values) and (2) external factors (public policy, availability, price). By using questionnaires, the research carried out a direct survey of 300 students studying at Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City. Research results show that public policy, green consumption attitudes, environmental responsibility, and social values have a significant relationship with student’s intention to use electric transportation, in which public policy is the biggest motivator. From the research results, the paper is solutions to promote use aimed at improving environmental quality.

Features that influence bike sharing demand

During the last few years, Bike Sharing Systems (BSS) have become a popular means of transportation in several cities across the world, owing to their low costs and associated advantages. Citizens have adopted these systems as they help improve their health and contribute to creating more sustainable cities. However, customer satisfaction and the willingness to use the systems are directly affected by the ease of access to the docking stations and finding available bikes or slots. Therefore, system operators and managers' major responsibilities focus on urban and transport planning by improving the rebalancing operations of their BSS. Many approaches can be considered to overcome the unbalanced station problem, but predicting the number of arrivals and departures at the docking stations has been proven to be one of the most efficient. In this paper, we study the features that influence the prediction of bikes' arrivals and departures in Barcelona BSS, using a Random Forest model and a one-year data period. We considered features related to the weather, the stations' characteristics, and the facilities available within a 200-meter diameter of each station, called spatial features. The results indicate that features related to specific months, as well as temperature, pressure, altitude, and holidays, have a strong influence on the model, while spatial features have a small impact on the prediction results.

51 She Moves - A comparative study examining the perception of the built environment between men and women

Abstract Sustainable urban transport and active travel are part of policy and practice worldwide, with a strong focus on strengthening the relationship between transport and health (US PHA, 2021; NICE, 2012; EU Commission, 2013; ISPAH, 2020). The gap we see in physical activity with males globally being more active than their female counterparts is also evident in transport, with a male bias in planning and design and gender a determinant in modal choice (UN, 2017; ITF, 2018; TII, 2019). This research aims to explore the perceptions of the built environment from a male and female perspective and how this implicates physical activity levels. Walking and cycling for active transport have substantial health benefits, however women are less inclined to use AT than men (Mueller et al, 2015; Garrad et al, 2008; Heesch & Sahlqvist, 2013). This is due to the gendered nature of cites being designed for the use of men and not women (Bassam, 2023). This study utilised a quantitative approach. A survey was made available nationally (Ireland) on Microsoft Forms, it was available to all genders and both rural and urban individuals. The aim of this survey is gather an in depth understanding of women’s perceptions of the built environment and it’s correlation to activity levels, active travel behaviour and health, and how this differs to men. The Healthy Ireland protocol has been used to gather baseline data, general health and demographic information. The findings have been analysed using SPSS. The results of this study will be complete before August 2024. The survey is currently available to be completed online. Results are to be published in an academic journal. The aim of this study is to highlight the difference in perceptions of an individuals built environment dependent on gender. The results from this study will inform policy surrounding the design of cities and towns with infrastructure that is accessible and u​tilized by all. It will inform how we redesign cities for the use of all and have a gender-neutral perspective on city design, active travel and transport. Support/Funding Source This research has been funded by Technological University Dublin.

Optimization of Electric Bus Scheduling Using Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study in Public Transport of UNNES Campus Area

The transportation service system requires improvements to evolve into a smart and more efficient system. Passengers waiting at bus stops can create long queues, causing a lack of available shuttle bus capacity when arriving at the bus stop. This work proposes a genetic algorithm model to minimize passenger waiting time and schedule shuttle buses to stops with high capacity. The Genetic Algorithm works by searching for the optimal value to result in optimal waiting time by providing calling shuttle bus. After the method reaches the optimal solution, the simulation result will provide a minimum waiting time. In case studies of simulated design at either campus in Central Java, Indonesia. This method provides a simulated system shuttle bus on scheduling to raise a challenge in waiting time efficiency and passenger accumulation at campus transportation. The case studies of the application on passenger waiting time showcase the model's ability to improve transportation services in the unscheduled campus area. This system was designed to ensure that it was effective in addressing the transportation challenges faced by students and staff. Use the full potential of bus transportation in the campus area to ensure continuity between stops and city transportation. Therefore, this approach reduces waiting times and schedules to overcome challenges posed by passenger accumulation for structured campus transportation services. Keywords—Shuttle Bus; Genetic Algorithm; Campus Area; Minimize Waiting Time; Scheduling; Optimization.

A Review of Urban Planning Approaches to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures.

With only 12% of the human population living in cities meeting the air quality standards set by the WHO guidelines, there is a critical need for coordinated strategies to meet the requirements of a healthy society. One pivotal mechanism for addressing societal expectations on air pollution and human health is to employ strategic modeling within the urban planning process. This review synthesizes research to inform coordinated strategies for a healthy society. Through strategic modeling in urban planning, we seek to uncover integrated solutions that mitigate air pollution, enhance public health, and create sustainable urban environments. Successful urban planning can help reduce air pollution by optimizing city design with regard to transportation systems. As one specific example, ventilation corridors i.e. aim to introduce natural wind into urban areas to improve thermal comfort and air quality, and they can be effective if well-designed and managed. However, physical barriers such as sound walls and vegetation must be carefully selected following design criteria with significant trade-offs that must be modeled quantitatively. These tradeoffs often involve balancing effectiveness, cost, aesthetics, and environmental impact. For instance, sound walls are highly effective at reducing noise, provide immediate impact, and are long-lasting. However, they are expensive to construct, visually unappealing, and may block views and sunlight. To address the costly issue of sound walls, a potential solution is implementing vegetation with a high leaf area index or leaf area density. This alternative is also an effective method for air pollution reduction with varying land-use potential. Ultimately, emission regulations are a key aspect of all such considerations. Given the broad range of developments, concerns, and considerations spanning city management, ventilation corridors, physical barriers, and transportation planning, this review aims to summarize the effect of a range of urban planning methods on air pollution considerations.

Analysis of Taxi Demand and Traffic Influencing Factors in Urban Core Area Based on Data Field Theory and GWR Model: A Case Study of Beijing

Urban transportation constitutes a complex and dynamic system influenced by various factors, including population density, infrastructure, economic activities, and individual travel behavior. Taxis, as a widespread mode of transportation in many cities, play a crucial role in meeting the transportation needs of urban residents. By using data field theory and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) modeling method, this study explored the complex relationship between taxi demand and traffic-related factors in urban core areas and revealed the potential factors affecting taxi starting and landing points. This research reveals that during the morning peak hours (7:00–9:00), at locations such as long-distance bus terminals, bus stations, parking areas, train stations, and bike-sharing points, taxi demand significantly increases, particularly in the central and southeastern regions of the urban core. Conversely, demand is lower in high-density intersection areas. Additionally, proximity to train stations is positively correlated with higher taxi demand, likely related to the needs of long-distance travelers. During the evening peak hours (17:00–19:00), the taxi demand pattern resembles that of the morning peak, with long-distance bus terminals, bus stations, and parking and bike sharing areas remaining key areas of demand. Notably, parking areas frequently serve as pick-up points for passengers during this time, possibly associated with evening activities and entertainment. Moreover, taxi demand remains high around train stations. In summary, this study enhances our understanding of the dynamics of urban taxi demand and its relationship with various transportation-related influencing factors within the core urban areas. The proposed grid partitioning and GWR modeling methods provide valuable insights for urban transportation planners, taxi service providers, and policymakers, facilitating service optimization and improved urban mobility.

Evaluation of the Development Level of Green Transportation in National Central Cities

Green transportation is the core embodiment of ecological civilization and the concept of green development within the field of transportation, and it is an important strategic choice for sustainable urban development. National central cities represent the highest level in China’s urban system planning. This paper aims to evaluate the level of green transportation development in national central cities. It established a set of 29 specific evaluation indicators from five dimensions: basic indicators, green transportation infrastructure, traffic environmental protection, traffic travel, and traffic safety. It constructed an evaluation index system for the development level of green transportation. The entropy weight TOPSIS method was utilized to evaluate the development levels of green transportation in nine national central cities from 2020 to 2022. An obstacle degree model was constructed to identify key obstacle factors at both the criterion and indicator layers of the green transportation development level evaluation index system for national central cities. Suggestions were proposed from five aspects: establishing a comprehensive policy framework, promoting regional collaborative development, accelerating infrastructure construction, improving transportation service quality, and fostering the green upgrading of industries. The results showed that the comprehensive ranking of green transportation development levels among the national central cities from high to low for the years 2020–2022 was as follows: Shanghai, Chongqing, Chengdu, Beijing, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xi’an, Zhengzhou. In terms of the regional spatial layout, the green transportation development levels of the nine national central cities generally exhibited a “high on the periphery, low in the center” distribution characteristic. The comprehensive ranking of the obstacle degree in the criterion layer was as follows: basic indicators, traffic travel, green transportation infrastructure, traffic environmental protection, traffic safety. After screening the criteria level where the obstacle degree calculation results are above 15%, traffic safety is eliminated. The nine cities, which were located in different regions, generally maintained consistent internal obstacle factors and their order. The top five indicators with the highest frequency of obstacle degrees at the indicator layer were as follows: total passenger transport volume, number of taxis, new energy vehicle production, expenditure for transportation, and total freight transport volume. The specific key obstacle factors at the indicator level were different in the nine cities.

Suburbanization and transportation in European cities

Abstract We study whether highway and railroad improvements cause population suburbanization in Europe’s cities. We construct a unique population and transportation dataset covering 579 cities from 29 European countries for the period 1961–2011. In order to make a causal inference, we rely on historical instruments. Our average results indicate that highways, but not railroads, were responsible for the suburbanization process: each additional highway ray decreased the share of the central city population by 5 percentage points, whereas new railroads had no impact. The heterogeneity analyses provide evidence of different patterns based on the time of the investment, the city’s size and density, and its geographical location.